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White tiger
White Tiger cub
Conservation status
Endangered
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Panthera Species: P. tigris Subspecies: P. t. tigris

White tigers are individual specimens of the ordinary tiger (Panthera tigris), with a genetic condition that causes paler colouration of the normally orange fur (they still have black stripes). The condition is well-documented in the Bengal Tiger subspecies (Panthera tigris tigris or P. t. bengalensis), may also have occurred in captive Siberian Tigers (Panthera tigris altaica), and may have been reported historically in several other subspecies. White pelage is most closely associated with the Bengal, or Indian subspecies. Tigers in India are recognized as a single subspecies, but within India, and throughout the tiger's geographic range they tend to be smaller, darker, and more densely striped the further south they are found, the Sumatran (Panthera tigris sumatrae) and now extinct Javan (Panthera tigris sondaica) and Bali (Panthera tigris balica) races being the smallest. The South China tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), is the most primitive and may be the stem species ancestral to all other tigers. There is a lot of individual and regional variation within subspecies. The Bengal is the nominate subspecies or species type, the definitive tiger. For many years it was the kind most commonly seen in the West. It was the standard issue zoo and circus tiger, and it was the Bengal tiger which conformed most fully to the image of a tiger in the Western psyche. It was the tiger of Rudyard Kipling and the Raj. The Bengal tiger used to be known as the "Royal Bengal tiger", after it was hunted by Edward, Duke of Windsor when he was Prince of Wales. Siegfried & Roy sometimes refer to their white tigers as "royal white tigers", possibly because of the white tiger's association with the Maharaja of Rewa. The white individuals do not constitute a separate subspecies on their own. They have pink noses, white to cream-coloured fur, and black, grey or chocolate-coloured stripes, grey mottled skin, and ice blue eyes. White tigers tend to be born larger and attain larger than average adult sizes than orange tigers which do not carry the white gene. This may have given them an advantage in the wild. White gene carriers, or heterozygotes, also tend to be larger than average in size. Kailash Sankhala, who was director of the New Delhi Zoo in the 1960s, said that one of the functions of the white gene may have been to keep a size gene in the population, in case it was ever needed. In the wild white tigers bred white for generations. It is a myth that white tigers did not thrive in the wild and India once planned to reintroduce them.^[1] A.A. Dunbar Brander wrote in "Wild Animals In Central India" (1923): "White tigers occasionally occur. There is a regular breed of these animals in the neighborhood of Amarkantak at the junction of the Rewa state and the Mandla and Bilaspur districts. When I was last in Mandla in 1919, a white tigress and two three parts grown white cubs existed. In 1915 a male was trapped by the Rewa state and kept in confinement. An excellent description of this animal by Mr. Scott of the Indian police, has been published in Vol. XXVII, No. 47, of the Bombay Natural History Society's journal." Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... White tiger could be White tiger, the animal. ... Image File history File links White-tiger. ... The conservation status of a species is an indicator of the likelihood of that species continuing to survive either in the present day or the future. ... Image File history File links Status_iucn3. ... The Siberian Tiger is a subspecies of tiger that are critically endangered. ... For other uses, see Scientific classification (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Animal (disambiguation). ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the presence of sweat glands, including milk producing sweat glands, and by the presence of: hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex... Families 17, See classification The diverse order Carnivora (IPA: or ; from Latin carō (stem carn-) flesh, + vorāre to devour) includes over 260 species of placental mammals. ... “Feline” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Panthera (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tiger (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tiger (disambiguation). ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris tigris (Linnaeus, 1758) The Bengal Tiger or Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is a subspecies of tiger primarily found in India, Bangladesh and also in Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and in southern Tibet. ... This article is about the zoological term. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris altaica Temminck, 1884 Distribution of the Siberian Tiger (in red) The Siberian Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) is a rare subspecies of tiger (). Also known as the Amur Tiger, it is considered to be the largest of the 6 tiger subspecies. ... In mammals, pelage is the hair, fur, or wool that covers the animal. ... For other uses, see Bengal (disambiguation). ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris sumatrae Pocock, 1929 Distribution map The Sumatran tiger (Panthera tigris sumatrae) is found only on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris sondaica (Temminck, 1844) Javan Tiger range map The Javan tiger (Panthera tigris sondaica) was a tiger limited to the Indonesian island of Java. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris balica (Schwarz, 1912) The Bali tiger (Panthera tigris balica), also called the Balinese tiger, is an extinct subspecies of tiger found solely on the small Indonesian island of Bali. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris amoyensis (Hilzheimer, 1905) South China Tiger range The South China Tiger or South Chinese Tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), also known as the Chinese, Amoy, or Xiamen tiger, is a subspecies of tiger native to the forests of Southern China. ... Giraffes in Sydneys Taronga Zoo A zoological garden, zoological park, or zoo is a facility in which animals are confined within enclosures and displayed to the public, and in which they may also be bred. ... For other uses, see Circus (disambiguation). ... This article is about the British author. ... Anthem God Save The King The British Indian Empire, 1909 Capital Calcutta (until 1912), New Delhi (after 1912) Language(s) Hindustani, English and many others Government Monarchy Emperor of India  - 1858-1901 Victoria¹  - 1901-1910 Edward VII  - 1910-1936 George V  - 1936 Edward VIII  - 1936-1947 George VI Viceroy²  - 1858... Edward VIII (Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David; later The Prince Edward, Duke of Windsor; 23 June 1894 – 28 May 1972) was King of Great Britain, Ireland, the British Dominions beyond the Seas, and Emperor of India from the death of his father, George V (1910–36), on 20... This article is about the title Prince of Wales. ... A sculpture of Siegfried & Roy with one of their beloved white lions near the Mirage hotel on the Las Vegas Strip Siegfried & Roy are two gay German-American entertainers who worked on the Las Vegas Strip, USA. Their long running show of magic and illusion was famous for working with... Major-General H.H. Farzand-i-Dilband Rasikh- al-Iqtidad-i-Daulat-i-Inglishia, Raja-i-Rajagan, Maharaja Sir Jagatjit Singh, Bahadur, Maharaja of Kapurthala, GCSI , GCIE , GBE The word Mahārāja (also spelled maharajah) is Sanskrit for great king or high king (a karmadharaya from mahānt great... Rewa was a princely state of India, surrounding its eponymous capital, the town of Rewa. ... For other uses, see Gene (disambiguation). ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles accessible from a disambiguation page. ... Kailash Sankhala (1925 - 1994) was a renowned naturalist and conservationist of India. ... , This article is about the urban region that is the capital of India. ...

The condition occurs when inbreeding — usually between parents and cubs — produces offspring with two copies of a recessive gene. This is rare in nature, but with their unusual colouration, white tigers have become popular in zoos and entertainment that showcases exotic animals. For example, the magicians Siegfried & Roy are famous for having used trained white tigers in their performances. However, inbreeding often also leads to birth defects^[2][1]which makes breeding for white color controversial. Examples of this are given in the sections on Tony and The Orissa White Tigers, where it has been possible to breed white tigers from unrelated parents. Inbreeding is breeding between close relatives, whether plant or animal. ... It has been suggested that dominant allele be merged into this article or section. ... IT is a new species. ... “Illusionist” redirects here. ... A congenital disorder is any medical condition that is present at birth. ...

Nevertheless, there are several hundred white tigers in captivity worldwide, and their numbers are on the increase. There are about 100 white tigers in India. The modern population includes both pure Bengals and hybrid Bengal–Siberians, but it is unclear whether the recessive gene for white came from any of the Siberian ancestors, or only from Bengals.

Another genetic condition makes the stripes of the tiger very pale. White tigers with this condition are called snow-white.

White tigers drinking.

ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1598x1554, 418 KB) Photographer: Shuan Lo from Singapore Title: ０４年９月新馬遊 - 313 Description: 白老虎！ Taken on: 2004-09-10 16:43:16 Original source: Flickr. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (1598x1554, 418 KB) Photographer: Shuan Lo from Singapore Title: ０４年９月新馬遊 - 313 Description: 白老虎！ Taken on: 2004-09-10 16:43:16 Original source: Flickr. ...

Captive White Bengal Tiger Founders

Mohan

Mohan is the founding father of the captive bred white tigers of Rewa^[3]. He was captured as a cub in 1951 when maharaja Shri Martand Singh of Rewa and his hunting party in Bandhavgarh found a tigress with four 9-month-old cubs, one of which was white. All except the white cub were shot, which was captured and housed in the unused palace at Govindgarh. The maharaja named him Mohan, which roughly translates as "Enchanter", one of the many forms of the diety Krishna. Bandhavgarh National Park (Devanagari: बांधवगढ राष्ट्रीय उद्दान) is located in Umaria district of Madhya Pradesh state in India. ... See Govindgarh for disambiguation , Govindgarh is a town and a nagar panchayat in Rewa district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. ... This article is about the Hindu deity. ...

The Maharaja had previously shot a white tiger in 1948, and his father had kept a male white tiger in captivity from 1915 to 1920. This white tiger, which was larger than average like most white tigers, was known to have a white male sibling, which continued to live in the wild. After the death of the captive animal it was mounted and presented to the Emperor King George V, as a token of loyalty.^[1] This specimen is now in the British Museum. There was a white tiger in the menagerie in Exeter Change in London in 1820, which was examined by the famous French anatomist Georges Cuvier, and described in his "Animal Kingdom" as having faint stripes only visible from certain angles of refraction. George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was the first British monarch belonging to the House of Windsor, which he created from the British branch of the German House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. ... London museum | name = British Museum | image = British Museum from NE 2. ... The Exter Exchange (or Exeter Change) was a building on the north side of the Strand in London, with an arcade extending part-way across the carriageway. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Human heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... Georges Cuvier Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769–May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist and zoologist. ...

In 1953, Mohan was bred to a normal-coloured wild tigress called Begum ("royal consort"), and they produced two male orange cubs on September 7. In 1955 they had a litter of two males and two females on April 10 (which included a male named Sampson and a female named Radha). On July 10, 1956 they again had a litter of two males and two females, which included a male named Sultan who went to Ahmedabad Zoo, and a female named Vindhya who went to Delhi Zoo and was bred to an unrelated male named Suraj.^[4] These early breeding experiments failed to yield a single white cub.^[1] A maharaja who was a cousin of the Maharaja of Rewa observed "Rewa was frustrated. I told him the answer-incest of course!"^[5] Mohan was then bred to his daughter Radha (who carried the white gene inherited from him) and they produced a number of white cubs, including a litter of four on October 30, 1958, which included a male named Raja, and three females named Rani, Mohini, and Sukishi. These four were the first white tigers born in captivity.^[1] Raja and Rani went to the New Delhi Zoo, and Mohini was bought by the German-American billionaire John Kluge^[6] for $10,000, for the Smithsonian National Zoological Park, as a gift to the children of America, in 1960. Sukeshi remained at Govindgarh Palace, where she was born, in a harem courtyard, as a mate for Mohan. is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 100th day of the year (101st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 191st day of the year (192nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... A car from 1956 Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 303rd day of the year (304th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... John Werner Kluge (born September 21, 1914) is an entrepreneur who was born in Chemnitz, Germany, best known as a television industry mogul in the United States. ... The Smithsonian National Zoological Park, commonly known as the National Zoo or Washington Zoo, is a zoo located in Washington, D.C. It is accredited by the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American...

The Government of India made a deal with the Maharaja, under the terms of which Raja and Rani would go to the New Delhi Zoo for free. In exchange the Maharaja's white tiger breeding would be subsidized and he would receive a share of their cubs. He wanted Rs 100,000 for them. Technically Sukeshi was also the property of the New Delhi Zoo, and in a sense India had nationalized the captive white tigers of Rewa. The Parliament of India used to hear reports on the progress of the white tigers, and Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and U Nu of Burma participated in public christening ceremonies for white cubs at New Delhi Zoo. President Tito of Yugoslavia visited New Delhi Zoo and asked for white tigers for Belgrade Zoo, but was refused^[7] . A white tiger named Dalip from New Delhi Zoo represented India in two international expositions in Budapest and Osaka. The government of West Bengal bought two white males, named Niladari and Himadri, from the Maharaja for the Alipore Zoological Gardens (Calcutta Zoo), and an orange female named Malini, from the same litter of three born in 1960, accompanied them there. The Alipore Zoo in Kolkata, recovered the purchase price of the white tigers within six months by charging extra to see them. Calcutta Zoo had a fine specimen of a white tiger in 1920. Six zoos acquired white tigers from the Maharaja of Rewa including the Bristol Zoo in England (a brother and sister pair named Champak and Chameli on June 22, 1963)^[8][1] and the Crandon Park Zoo (which closed around 1983, and moved out of Crandon Park to the site of the Miami MetroZoo) in Miami acquired a white tigress in 1968. Bristol Zoo's pair, born in 1962, came from another litter of four, all white, but two (one female and one male) didn't survive. By 1966 the Bombay Zoo had a white tigress named Lakshmi, born in 1964, from the Maharaja. The Calcutta Zoo sold a white tigress named Sefali to Gauhati Zoo and sent a second white tiger there on loan. By 1976 the Lucknow Zoo also had a white tiger which was a gift from New Delhi Zoo. A white tigress named Nandni, who was born in New Delhi Zoo in 1971, went to Hyderabad Zoo.^[4] Zoos with white tigers constituted a most exclusive club and the white tigers themselves represented a single extended family. The Maharaja was negotiating the sale of a white male, named Virat, as late as 1976, when he died of enteritis. Virat was a son of Mohan and Sukeshi and the maharaja put him on the market after attempting to breed him to Sukeshi,^[1] which would have raised the inbreeding coefficient. The Government of India (Hindi: भारत सरकार [1]Bhārat Sarkār), officially referred to as the Union Government, and commonly as Central Government, was established by the Constitution of India, and is the governing authority of a federal union of 28 states and 7 union territories, collectively called the Republic of... Sansad Bhavan, The Parliament of India The Parliament of India (or Sansad) is bicameral. ... The Prime Minister of India is, in practice, the most powerful person in the Government of India. ... A young Indira Nehru and Mahatma Gandhi, during one of the latters fasts Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindi: ) (19 November 1917 - October 31, 1984) She was the Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms from 1966 to 1977 and for a fourth term from 1980 until her assassination in... Prime Minister U Nu U Nu (otherwise known as Thakin Nu; May 25, 1907 - February 14, 1995) was a Burmese nationalist and political figure. ... Josip Broz Tito (Cyrillic: Јосип Броз Тито, May 7, 1892 [May 25th according to official birth certificate] – May 4, 1980) was the leader of the Second Yugoslavia, which lasted from 1943 until 1991. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in the Latin alphabet, Југославија in Cyrillic; English: South Slavia, or literary The Land of South Slavs) describes three political entities that existed one at a time on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century. ... For other uses, see Belgrade (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Budapest (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Osaka (disambiguation). ... , West Bengal (Bengali: পশ্চিমবঙ্গ Poshchimbôŋgo) is a state in eastern India. ... The Alipore Zoological Gardens (also informally called the Alipore Zoo, Calcutta Zoo or Kolkata Zoo) is Indias oldest formally stated zoological park (as opposed to royal and British menageries) and a big tourist attraction in Kolkata, West Bengal. ... , “Calcutta” redirects here. ... Bristol Zoo is a major UK tourist attraction in the city of Bristol in Southwest England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Crandon Park is a park owned and operated by Miami-Dade County, Florida. ... Crandon Park is a park owned and operated by Miami-Dade County, Florida. ... Miami MetroZoo is the largest zoological garden in South Florida. ... Miami redirects here. ... Enteritis is the inflammation of the small intestine (inflammation of the large intestine is termed colitis). ...

India imposed an export ban on white tigers in 1960,^{[9][10][11][12]} , in an effort to preserve a monopoly, probably because Anglo-Indian naturalist Edward Pritchard Gee recommended that Govindgarh Palace, and it's white tiger inhabitants, be made a "national trust", which didn't happen. After the export ban was imposed the Maharaja threatened to release all of his white tigers into the Rewa forest, and so he was given dispensation to sell two more pairs abroad, to offset his costs^[13]. Mohini was only allowed to leave India because US President Dwight D. Eisenhower intervened personally with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, to ask for the release of the United States government's white tiger. A white sister of Mohini's was brought to New Delhi the year before to show the President, who was no stranger to white tigers. Circus owner Clyde Beatty also bought a white tiger from the Maharaja in 1960, for $10,000 in a deal facilitated by the Smithsonian National Zoological Park director T.H. Reed, which had to be cancelled because of the export ban^[14], which made Mohini even more valuable. She was estimated to be worth $28,000. Dr. Reed had travelled to India to escort Mohini to Washington. Years later the Bristol Zoo needed a new breeding male and traded a white female to New Delhi Zoo for a white tiger named Roop, who had been named by U Nu, the Prime Minister of Burma.^[1] He was the son of Raja by his own mother and half sister- Radha, born in New Delhi. Radha, and many other tigers from Govindgarh including Sukeshi, were later transferred to New Delhi. Begum went to live at Ahmedabad Zoo and was bred to her son Sultan. They produced twelve cubs in four litters between 1958 and 1961.^[4] Bristol Zoo later transferred two male white tigers to Dudley Zoo. In 1951 the Maharaja placed ads in The New York Times and The Times of London, and wrote to Gerald Iles, the director of the Belle Vue Zoo in Manchester^[15], and probably others, offering to sell his captured white tiger cub. He wanted the princely sum of $28,000 for Mohan. The Maharaja was prevented by law from converting rupees into American dollars, and wanted the money to buy a speed boat.^[16][17] Edward Pritchard Gee (E. P. Gee) (1904-1968) was a tea-planter and an amateur naturalist in Assam, India. ... Dwight David Eisenhower, born David Dwight Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969), nicknamed Ike, was a five-star General in the United States Army and U.S. politician, who served as the thirty-fourth President of the United States (1953–1961). ... Jawaharlal Nehru (Hindi: , IPA: , from Persian Javâher-e Laal, meaning Red Jewel) (November 14, 1889 – May 27, 1964) was a political leader of the Indian National Congress, a pivotal figure in the Indian independence movement and the first Prime Minister of Independent India. ... Clyde Beatty (born June 10, 1903 in Bainbridge, Ohio, USA; died July 19, 1965) was a big game hunter who became famous as a lion tamer and animal trainer. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Dudley Zoo is located within the grounds of Dudley Castle in the town of Dudley which is part of the Black Country in the West Midlands, United Kingdom. ... For other meanings of the term, see Belle Vue. ... This article is about the City of Manchester in England. ...

Mohan died in 1970, aged almost 20, and was laid to rest with Hindu rites as the palace staff observed official mourning. He was the last recorded white tiger born in the wild. The last white tiger reported in the wild was shot in 1958.^[1] The Maharaja of Rewa turned Mohan's native forest into the Bandhavgarh National Park, because he couldn't control the poaching. Today Bandhavgarh has the largest tiger population of any national park in India. Visitors can stay at the White Tiger Lodge, which is the local version of Tiger Tops in Royal Chitwan in Nepal. Pushpraj Singh, the reigning Maharaja of Rewa, is asking students to sign a petition to ask the President of India to return at least two white tigers to Govindgarh Palace, as a tourist attraction.^[18] This article discusses the adherents of Hinduism. ... The President of India (Hindi: Rashtrapati) is the head of state and first citizen of India and the Supreme Commander of the Indian armed forces. ...

Mohini

Mohini, a daughter of Mohan, was officially presented to President Eisenhower by John W. Kluge, in a ceremony on the White House lawn, on December 5, 1960, and went to live at the Lion House, in the National Zoo, in Rock Creek Park.^[19][20] T.H. Reed, the director of the National Zoo, gave this description of Mohini: "Her stripes were black, shading into brown, but her main coat was eggshell white instead of the normal rufous orange. Exotic coloring and magnificent physique made her a tiger without peer. For a two year old kitten she had tremendous growth-almost 190 pounds, three feet tall at the shoulders, and eight feet from nose to tail."^[6] White tigers are larger and heavier than regular orange tigers. The average length of a white tiger at birth is 53 cm, compared to 50 cm for a normal orange cub. Shoulder height is 17 cm (normal 12 cm), weight 1.37 kg (normal 1.25 kg). Dalip and Krishna, two white tigers at New Delhi Zoo, weighed 139 kg and 120 kg respectively, at two years of age. Ram and Jim, two normal colored tigers at the same zoo, weighed 106 kg and 119 kg, at the same age. Raja, the white tiger, had a shoulder height of 100 cm, at ten years of age, while Suraj, an orange tiger, had a shoulder height of only 90 cm, at 12 years of age, according to New Delhi Zoo director K.S. Sankhala. Ratna and Vindhya, orange tigresses "from the white race", who carried the white gene as a recessive (both were fathered by Mohan), were higher at the shoulder than average, measuring 87 and 88 cm, compared to a normal orange tigress named Asharfi, who measured 82 cm at the shoulder.^[1] President Eisenhower was also given a rare Pygmy Hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis), a male named Totota (see also Billy (pygmy hippo)), by William Tubman, President of Liberia, in 1960, and a 14 month old baby male African elephant (Loxodonta africana), named Zimbo in 1959 by the director of the Vincennes Zoo in Paris, on behalf of the French community. For other uses, see White House (disambiguation). ... is the 339th day of the year (340th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Rock Creek Park is an urban natural area with public park facilities which bisects Washington, D.C. East of the park, except for a few enclaves, the city has a decidedly urban character. ... Binomial name (Morton, 1849)[2] Range map[1] Subspecies C. l. ... A likely descendant of Billy lounges at the Louisville Zoo. ... William Vacanarat Shadrach Tubman (November 29, 1895 – July 23, 1971) was President of Liberia from 1944 until his death in 1971. ... The following is a list of Presidents of the Republic of Liberia, made up of the 24 heads of state in the history of Liberia. ... Distribution of Loxodonta africana (2007) Species Loxodonta adaurora (extinct) Loxodonta africana Loxodonta cyclotis African elephants are the two species of elephants in the genus Loxodonta, one of the two existing genera in Elephantidae. ... This article is about the capital of France. ...

After arriving in the United States, Mohini spent 1 night in the Bronx Zoo, and was then exhibited for three days in the Philadelphia Zoo, before travelling on to Washington.^[6] Her name is the feminine of Mohan, and translates as "Enchantress". She was her father's namesake. She was a great attraction, and the zoo wanted to breed more white tigers. At the time, no more white tigers were being allowed out of India, so Mohini was mated to Sampson, her uncle and half brother, who was sent from Ahmedabad Zoo in 1963. (It seems probable that financial considerations may have also precluded Washington from acquiring a second white tiger as a mate for Mohini.) The Bronx Zoo is a world-famous zoo located within the Bronx Park, in the Bronx borough of New York City. ... The Philadelphia Zoo, located in Fairmount Park on the west bank of the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia, was the first zoo in the United States. ...

After Sampson's death in 1966, at age 11 of kidney failure, Mohini was bred to her son Ramana, who was then the only male white gene carrier available. This resulted in the birth of a white daughter named Rewati on April 13, 1969^[21] and a white son named Moni on Feb. 8, 1970. Moni died of a neurological disorder in 1971 at 16 months. Moni was to have undertaken a fund raising tour for Project Tiger. He was born in a litter of five, which included two white males and three orange females. One was stillborn and the mother crushed the others after three days. Rewati had an orange male littermate which died after two days. Ramana was born on July 1, 1964 and had two litter mates-a white male named Rajkumar, who was the first white tiger born in a zoo, and an orange female named Ramani. Both died of feline distemper despite having been vaccinated, at ten months age. Rajkumar had a particularly nasty disposition. All of Mohini's cubs were named by the Indian Ambassador. Renal failure or kidney failure is a situation in which the kidneys fail to function adequately. ... Neurology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system. ... Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation project initiated in India in 1972 to protect the Bengal Tigers. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ... Feline panleukopenia, more commonly known as feline distemper, is a viral infection affecting cats caused by feline parvovirus, a close relative of canine parvovirus. ...

The birth of Mohini's first litter was televised in a national special. Mohini's orange daughter Kesari was born in 1966 with an orange female who was stillborn. After Moni died in 1971 the National Zoo tried to acquire an orange tiger named Ram from Trivendrum Zoo, in southern India, as a mate for Mohini^[22]. Ram was her first cousin, a grandson of Mohan, and there was a 50% chance that he carried white genes. 25% of Ram's genes came from Mohan and 25% from Begum. 25% of Mohini's genes were from Begum and 75% from Mohan. Ram was a son of Vindhya and Suraj born on 23 IV 1965 at New Delhi Zoo, the same Ram discussed earlier. Two sisters of Ram, born on 22 Feb. 1967, went to the Romanshorn Zoo in Switzerland. In 1973 an Indochinese Tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) named Poona, who was born at the Woodland Park Zoo in Seattle in 1962, was sent to Washington from the Brookfield Zoo and bred to Mohini^[23] and Kesari.^[24] (Poona would have been regarded as a Bengal tiger for the first two years of his life because the Indo-Chinese subspecies was not recognized until 1968.) Mohini did not conceive. Kesari produced six orange cubs, an extraordinary number, especially for a first litter, but only one survived, a female named Marvina. Kesari handed Marvina over to her keepers and kept the other five. Marvina was mistaken for male, and named Marvin which was changed to Marvina when it was discovered that he was a she. Washington Zoo keeper Art Cooper, who hand reared Marvina, observed that white tigers were the most obstinate cats in the zoo, and said that Marvina had a typical white tiger personality.^[25] (Poona also fathered litters by two other tigresses in Brookfield.) In 1974 Marvina, Ramana, and Kesari were sent to the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden, and Rewati and Mohini went to the Brookfield Zoo, to be boarded during renovations in Washington, until 1976. On June 20, 1974 while at the Cincinnati Zoo Ramana and Kesari produced a litter of three white and one orange cub, including a white male named Ranjit, two white females named Bharat and Priya, and an orange male named Peela. Devra Kleiman of the National Zoo said that she was well aware of the white gene and specifically told Cincinnati not to breed from any of these tigers-Ramana, Kesari, or Marvina. Cincinnati countered that although Ramana and Kesari had failed to breed in Washington they did so almost as soon as they arrived in Cincinnati. , Thiruvananthapuram   (Malayalam: തിരുവനന്തപുരം TiruvanÅ­ntapuraṁ), also known as Trivandrum, is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala and the headquarters of the Thiruvananthapuram District. ... Romanshorn is a town on the southern side of Lake Constance in the Canton of Thurgau, Switzerland. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris corbetti Mazák, 1968 Distribution map The Indochinese tiger or Corbetts tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) is a subspecies of tiger found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. ... Woodland Park Zoo, which occupies the western half of Seattles (USA) Woodland Park, near Green Lake, began as a small menagerie on the Woodland Park estate of Guy C. Phinney, Canadian-born lumber mill owner and real estate developer. ... City nickname Emerald City City bird Great Blue Heron City flower Dahlia City mottos The City of Flowers The City of Goodwill City song Seattle, the Peerless City Mayor Greg Nickels County King County Area   - Total   - Land   - Water   - % water 369. ... The Brookfield Zoo is a zoo located in the Chicago suburb of Brookfield, Illinois. ... Located in Cincinnati, Ohio, the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Gardens is the second oldest zoo in the United States, opened in 1875. ... is the 171st day of the year (172nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1974 (MCMLXXIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the 1974 Gregorian calendar. ... Cincinnati redirects here. ...

As a fringe benefit of inbreeding the four cubs were pure-Bengal tigers, and they were the last registered Bengal tigers born in the United States. Ranjit, Bharat, Priya, Peela, and Rewati had inbreeding coefficients of 0.406.^[26] Ramana died in 1974 of a kidney infection and became a father for the last time posthumously. A white half sister of Mohini's bred from Mohan and his white daughter Sukishi born on March 26, 1966, named Gomti^[4] and later renamed Princess, lived in the Crandon Park Zoo in Miami for about a year before she died of a viral infection. She arrived in Miami on January 13, 1968. She was so inbred that both her mother and grandmother were also her half sisters, and her father, Mohan, was also her grandfather and great grandfather. She was half sister and niece to Mohini. Mohan had fathered three generations of his family. Crandon Park is a park owned and operated by Miami-Dade County, Florida. ... is the 13th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Miami mayor Chuck Hall met the 22-month-old 350 lbs. white tigress at the airport and rode with her to the zoo. He wanted to call her Maya, the name suggested by the Maharaja, which translates as Princess. Ralph S. Scott, who paid $35,000 for her and gave her to the Zoological Society of Florida, preferred the name Princess.^[27][28] It was Ralph S. Scott, a famous big game hunter, who suggested to John W. Kluge that he buy a white tiger for the children of America. He had seen the white tigers in Govindgarh Palace while tiger hunting in India.^[6] The government of India wanted Princess to be the last white tiger exported from the country. A male white tiger, named Ravi, acquired by Ralph S. Scott for the Crandon Park Zoo died at Kanpur railway station en route from India in 1967. He was a son of Raja and Rani, making him Princess's triple first cousin, born in New Delhi, and sold by the Maharaja of Rewa. Mohini died in 1979. The skins and skulls of Mohini and Moni are in the Smithsonian, but are not on display. , Kanpur   (Hindi: कानपुर, Urdu: کان پور, spelled as Cawnpore before 1948) is one of the most populous cities in the north Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. ... The Smithsonian Institution Building or Castle on the National Mall serves as the Institutions headquarters. ...

An orange brother of Mohini's named Ramesh lived in the Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes (Paris Zoo), and was bred to an unrelated tigress, but none of the offspring survived to reproduce. Ramesh was born in Govindgarh Palace and had an orange female littermate, named Ratna who went to New Delhi Zoo, had a white male littermate named Ramu.^[4] They were the fourth and last litter of Mohan and Radha. Ratna was paired with a wild caught male named Jim, at New Delhi Zoo, and produced three litters. Each cub would have had a 50% chance of inheriting the white gene from Ratna. Jim was captured in the Rewa forest, so they thought there was a chance he carried white genes. He had been somebody's pet, but after he ate a cat he was given to New Delhi Zoo. Jim used to appear leaping into his pond, at New Delhi Zoo, in the opening of one of Gerald Durrell's TV shows. E.P. Gee mentioned, in his book "The Wildlife Of India", that Bristol Zoo wanted to acquire one of the cubs of Mohan and Begum, as a mate for one of its white tigers, Champak or Chameli, to lessen the degree of inbreeding, as the US National Zoo had done through the acquisition of Sampson. In 1987 Ranjit, Bharat, Priya, and Peela were sold to the International Animal Exchange. Ranjit, Priya, and Peela went to the IAE's facility in Grand Prairie, Texas. The phenomenon of spontaneous ovulation in a tiger was first observed by Devra Kleiman, in one of the white tigresses at the National Zoo, which meant that it was possible to breed tigers by artificial insemination. The Ménagerie du Jardin des Plantes belonging to the botanical garden Jardin des Plantes is the first and thus the oldest civil zoological garden in the world which still exists. ... Gerald Durrell – founder of the Jersey Zoo and pioneer of captive breeding The Gerald Durrell Memorial VHS cover, with a self portrait Gerald (Gerry) Malcolm Durrell OBE (January 7, 1925 – January 30, 1995) was a naturalist, zookeeper, conservationist, author, and television presenter. ... Grand Prairie is a city in Dallas County (USA), with a significant overlap into Tarrant County, and a minor overlap into Ellis County. ... Ovulation is the process in the menstrual cycle by which a mature ovarian follicle ruptures and discharges an ovum (also known as an oocyte, female gamete, or casually, an egg) that participates in reproduction. ... AIH redirects here. ...

Tony

Tony, born in July of 1972 in Peru, Indiana, was the founder of many American white tiger lines, especially those used in circuses.^[29] His grandfather was a registered Siberian tiger, named Kubla, who was born at the Como Park, Zoo, and Conservatory in Saint Paul, Minnesota. His parents were born in the wild and believed to be brother and sister. He was bred to a Bengal tigress named Susie, from a west coast zoo, at the Great Plains Zoo in Sioux Falls in South Dakota. Susie was once owned by Clyde Beatty. Two of their cubs (Rajah and Sheba II) were bred together in a brother–sister mating, by self-styled "Baron" Julius Von Uhl, then a trainer with the Shrine Circus, who lived in Peru, Indiana. Julius Von Uhl came to America in 1956 from Hungary after the revolution. One of the results of his tiger breeding was Tony. Tony therefore carried mixed blood^[30] and was responsible for introducing Siberian genes into previously pure Bengal line of white tigers in North America. He may also be the source of a gene for stripelessness. Tigers of mixed or unknown ancestry are called generics, or even "trash tigers", by zoo people. 97% of tiger genomes are in private hands.^[31] Kubla was also bred to an Amur tigress named Katrina, who was born at the Rotterdam Zoo, and passed through the hands of two American zoos before joining Kubla and Susie at the Great Plains Zoo (see International Tiger Studbook). Kubla and Katrina have living pure-Amur descendants which may include a line of white tigers, that are claimed as pure-Amurs, which originated out of Center Hill, Florida. These white tigers are not registered Amur tigers. Peru is a city in Miami County, Indiana, United States. ... The Como Park Zoo and Marjorie McNeely Conservatory (or just Como Zoo and Conservatory) are located in Como Park at 1225 Estabrook Drive, Saint Paul, Minnesota. ... For an overview of the Twin Cities metropolitan area, see Minneapolis-Saint Paul. ... Nickname: Motto: Gateway to the Plains Location in Minnehaha County and the state of South Dakota Counties (metropolitan area) Government  - Mayor Dave Munson Area  - City 178. ... Official language(s) English Capital Pierre Largest city Sioux Falls Area  Ranked 17th  - Total 77,116[1] sq mi (199,905 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 380 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... Clyde Beatty (born June 10, 1903 in Bainbridge, Ohio, USA; died July 19, 1965) was a big game hunter who became famous as a lion tamer and animal trainer. ... North America North America is a continent [1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Nickname: Motto: Sterker door strijd (Stronger through Struggle) Location of Rotterdam Coordinates: , Country Province Government  - Mayor Ivo Opstelten  - Aldermen Jeannette Baljeu Hamit Karakus Orhan Kaya Lucas Bolsius Jantine Kriens Dominic Schrijer Roelf de Boer Leonard Geluk Area [1]  - Total 319 km² (123. ... Center Hill is a city located in Sumter County, Florida. ...

In 1973 there were four white tigers in the United States: Mohini and her daughter Rewati in Washington D.C., Tony, and his first cousin named Bagheera,a female born on July 8, 1972 in a litter of two white cubs, including a male which didn't survive, in the Hawthorn Circus of John F. Cuneo Jr. Bagheera's mother, Sheba III, was a sister of Tony's mother, Sheba II. Bagheera's father was either her registered Amur uncle and preferred mate, named Ural, or one of two of her brothers, named Prince and Saber, who were also brothers to Tony's parents, which would make their offspring quadruple first cousins.^[32] Sheba III lived to be 26, an astonishing age for a tiger. (This may be the tiger world record for longevity. 20 is extremely old for a tiger.)

Most of Sheba III's litters did not include white cubs, but at least 50% of her orange cubs would have been white gene carriers, since they could have inherited the gene from their mother, and if both parents were heterozygotes 66%, or two out of three, of their orange cubs are likely to have been carriers. Prince was castrated before Sheba III conceived another white cub, a male named Frosty, born on Feb. 25, 1975, in a litter which included two orange females and one orange male.^[32] Frosty severely mauled trainer Wade Burck.^[33] It seems odd that a tiger which may have been fathering such valuable cubs (Prince) would have been neutered. Saber was never observed trying to mate, so perhaps Ural, also called Genghis, did sire one or more of Sheba III's white cubs, which would have been three quarters Siberian had this been the case. It is possible for tigers from the same litter to have different fathers. It's also possible that any or all three tigers-Ural, Prince, and Saber, carried the white gene. Castration (also referred as: gelding, neutering, orchiectomy, orchidectomy, and oophorectomy) is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testes or a female loses the functions of the ovaries. ...

Tony was purchased by John F. Cuneo Jr., owner of the Hawthorn Circus Corp. of Grayslake, Illinois^[34] , in February 1975 for $20,000 in Detroit, and later bred with orange tigresses, named Rani and Baby, who were his first cousins, in the Hawthorn Circus, resulting in more white offspring. Tony's parents, Raja and Sheba, produced two more white cubs at the Baltimore County Fair on June 27, 1976.^[35] The cubs were a white male, named "Baltimore County Fair", a white female named "Snowball", and an orange male.^[36] Snowball's name was later changed to "Maharani", and all three cubs were sold to the Ringling Bros. Barnum & Bailey Circus in Washington D.C.. Maharani died in 1984. Tony was sent on breeding loan to the Cincinnati Zoo in 1976, to be bred to Rewati from the US National Zoo. However, Tony and Rewati did not breed, so he was bred to Mohini's orange daughter Kesari instead, resulting in a litter of four white and one orange cub June 27, 1976, the same day that eight year old Sheba had her white cubs in Baltimore, Maryland. It is an astounding coincidence that both tigresses gave birth to white cubs on the exact same day. On that one day America's white tiger population nearly doubled from 8 to 14. Kesari's 1976 litter represented a mixture of the two unrelated strains. Grayslakes Fire Station, Historical Society (formerly Grayslakes First Village Hall), and Water Tower. ... is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... P. T. Barnum (July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891), American showman is best remembered for his entertaining hoaxes and for founding the circus that eventually became Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Baltimore redirects here. ...

All of the white cubs from Kesari's 1976 litter by Tony were cross-eyed, as were Rewati and Bagheera. The Cincinnati Zoo retained a brother and sister pair from the litter, named Bhim and Sumita, and their orange sister Kamala. Two white males returned to the Hawthorn Circus with Tony as John Cuneo's share from the breeding loan. John Cuneo also asked the Bristol Zoo to trade some white tigers, to diversify the gene pool, but the Bristol Zoo declined, perhaps not wishing to exchange pure-Bengals for mongrels. Tony, Bagheera, and Frosty lived for years with a troop of Hawthorn Circus tigers stationed at Marineland and Game Farm, in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. Because of selective breeding only a few of the oldest white tigers in the Hawthorn Circus today are cross eyed. Bhim and Sumita became the world record parents of white cubs. In 1976 there were 39 white tigers-7 in New Delhi, 7 in Kolkata, one in Guwahati, one in Lucknow, one in Hyderabad, 8 in Bristol, Cincinnati Zoo had 2, Washington had 5, John Cuneo had 5, and Julius Von Uhl had 2. The Maharaja of Rewa retired from the white tiger business in 1976. He later abdicated in favor of his son so that he could run for the family seat in parliament and became an MP. There is a white tiger cub on the shield of the coat of arms of the Maharajas of Rewa. A 1967 flyer for Marineland, using the older name Marineland and Game Farm Marineland is a themed amusement and animal exhibition park in the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. ... Skyline of Niagara Falls, Canada, as seen from Niagara Falls State Park across the river. ... Strabismus (from Greek: στραβισμός strabismos, from στραβίζειν strabizein to squint, from στραβός strabos squinting, squint-eyed[1]) is a condition in which the eyes are not properly aligned with each other. ... , Guwahati is a major city in eastern India, often considered as the gateway to the North-East Region (NER) of the country and is the largest city within the region. ... , Lucknow ( , Hindi: लखनऊ, Urdu: لکھنؤ, ) is the capital city of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state of India. ... , For other uses, see Hyderabad. ... This article is about the English city. ...

Over 70 white tigers have been born at the Cincinnati Zoo, which is no longer in the white tiger business. The Cincinnati Zoo sold white tigers for $60,000 each. Siegfried & Roy bought a litter of three white cubs from the Cincinnati Zoo, which were offspring of Bhim and Sumita, for around $125,000. Prior to 1974 the Cincinnati Zoo wanted to acquire a white tiger, but no zoo would sell at any price. By the 1980s the Cincinnati Zoo was the world's leading purveyor of white tigers. After 1976 at least one more white tiger born at the Cincinnati Zoo was cross eyed, a cub from Bhim and Sumita's first litter. Crossed eyes may be reduced or eliminated through selective breeding, as it has been in Siamese cats. Critics refer to white tiger breeding as "proliferation", and the Cincinnati Zoo was derided as a "white tiger mill". Selective breeding in domesticated animals is the process of developing a cultivated breed over time. ... The Siamese is one of the first distinctly recognised breeds of Oriental cat. ...

The Henry Doorly Zoo in Omaha, Nebraska bought Tony's parents and orange sister Obie (born in 1975) in 1978, and bred more white tigers. Kesari also went to live at Omaha Zoo, but didn't have any more cubs. Some of Tony's white siblings born in Omaha proved to be sterile. Obie was paired with Ranjit from the National Zoo, and their cubs like those of Tony and Kesari, included non inbred white tigers. A white tiger named Chester, who was a son of Ranjit and Obie, born at the Omaha Zoo, fathered the first test tube tigers, and then became the first white tiger in Australia when he was sent to the Taronga Zoo in Sydney. His brother, Panghur Ban, was the National Zoo's last white tiger. A white tiger named Rajiv, a son of Bhim, became the first white tiger in Africa, when he was sent to Pretoria Zoo in exchange for a king cheetah.^[37] The Henry Doorly Zoo is a zoo in Omaha, Nebraska. ... “Omaha” redirects here. ... Omaha is the name of some places in the United States: *Omaha, Nebraska (the most familiar one) Omaha, Georgia Omaha, Illinois Omaha, Texas It is also the name of a Native American tribe, after which the city in Nebraska is named; see Omaha (tribe). ... Giraffes in front of Sydneys skyline. ... This article is about the metropolitan area in Australia. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... This article is about the animal. ...

In 1983 Rewati was paired with Ika, from Kesari's 1976 litter, at the Columbus Zoo^[38]. By this time he was a three legged amputee retired from circus performance, put out to pasture to breed. Ika killed Rewati in the act of mating^[39]. Ika was then mated with a white tigress named Taj, who was a grand daughter of his brothers Ranjit and Bhim, and fathered white cubs in Columbus. Ika and Taj had a cross eyed daughter named Lilly, who appeared on Late Night with David Letterman with Jack Hanna in 1986, as her mother Taj had done years earlier. Ika was also bred to Taj's orange mother Dolly, a daughter of Bhim and an unrelated orange tigress named Kimanthi, in Columbus. Taj's father, Duke, was a son of Ranjit from an outcross to an unrelated orange tigress. Isson, a white grandson of Kesari, was also dispatched to Columbus on breeding loan from the Hawthorn Circus, of Grayslake, Illinois, which eventually had 80 white tigers. In 1984 five white tiger cubs were stolen from the Hawthorn Circus in Portland, Oregon, and two died. The tigers were touring with the Ringling Bros. Barnum & Bailey Circus. The culprit was a veterinarian who was sentenced to one year in prison and six months in a halfway house.^[40] Late Night with David Letterman was a nightly hour-long comedy talk show on NBC hosted by David Letterman. ... Monkeys on the Interstate, 1989, by Jack Hanna Jack Hanna (b. ... P. T. Barnum (July 5, 1810 – April 7, 1891), American showman is best remembered for his entertaining hoaxes and for founding the circus that eventually became Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus. ...

In 1980 a white cub was born in the Racine Zoological Gardens in Wisconsin, from a father-daughter mating. The father, named Bucky, killed the white cub. The mother, named Bonnie, was later bred with an orange littermate of Tony named "Chequila", who belonged to James Witchey of Ravenna, Ohio, who bought him from Dick Hartman of South Lebanon, Ohio, when he was four or five years of age. Chequila proved to be a white gene carrier and fathered at least one white cub in the Racine Zoo. It is not known whether Bucky, who came from the Indianapolis Zoo, and his daughter Bonnie were related to any of the established strains of white tigers. The Racine Zoo, situated on 32 acres on the shore of beautiful Lake Michigan, is home to more than 70 species of animals. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Ravenna is a city in Portage County, Ohio, United States. ... South Lebanon is a village located in the central part of Warren County, Ohio in southwestern Ohio in Union and Hamilton Townships. ... The Indianapolis Zoo first opened to the public in 1964. ...

In 2007 a white tiger was born at Safari Game Park in Bandon, Oregon. The tiger, Sultan, is, as of October 2007, publicly exhibited where children and adults can play with it and hold it an the mother is also at the game park. Bandon (IPA: ) is a city in Coos County, Oregon, United States, on the south side of the mouth of the Coquille River. ...

Orissa White Tigers

Three white tigers were also born in the NandanKanan in Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India in 1980. Their parents were an orange father–daughter pair called Deepak and Ganga, who were not related to Mohan or any other captive white tiger – one of their wild-caught ancestors would have carried the recessive white gene, and it showed up when Deepak was mated to his daughter. Deepak's sister also turned out to be a white gene carrier. These white tigers are therefore referred to as the Orissa strain, as opposed to the Rewa strain, of white tigers founded by Mohan ^[41]. NandanKanan is a premier zoological park of Orissa, India. ... , Bhubaneswar   (Oriya: ଭୁବେନଶ୍ବର, Hindi: भुवनेश्वर, in Sanskrit and Oriya/oDiA, The Lord of the Universe) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of state of Orissa, India. ... , Orissa   (Oriya: ଓଡ଼ିଶା), is a state situated on the east coast of India. ...

When the surprise birth of three white cubs occurred there was a white tigress already living at the zoo, named Diana, from New Delhi Zoo. One of the three was later bred to her creating another blend of two unrelated strains of white tigers. This lineage resulted in several white tigers in NandanKanan Zoo. Today the NandanKanan Zoo has the largest collection of white tigers in India. The Cincinnati Zoo acquired two female white tigers from the NandanKanan, in the hopes of establishing a line of pure-Bengal white tigers in America, but they never got a male, and didn't receive authorization from the Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA)'s Species Survival Plan (SSP) to breed them. The AZA has recommended that white tigers be "bred to extinction", which is to say, not bred at all and allowed to die out, because they consume space and resources needed for endangered orange tigers. The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (formerly the American Zoo and Aquarium Association), or AZA is a nonprofit organization dedicated to the advancement of zoos and aquariums in the areas of conservation, education, science, and recreation. ... The Species Survival Plan helps endangered animals find zoos to live in. ...

White tigers are freaks and have no value to conservation. It has been suggested that as few as 1 in 10,000 tigers in the wild was white. The white tiger is a domesticated breed. White tigers are curiosities which hardly warrant a footnote in any serious treatise on tigers, and although many AZA member zoos still keep them, as an attraction to generate revenue, almost none breed them. K.S. Sankhala once asked Sally Walker of the Zoo Outreach Organisation, of Tamil Nadu, India, "Why do foreigners hate our white tigers so much?" The Zoo Outreach Organisation used to publish studbooks for white tigers, which were compiled by A.K. Roychoudhury of the Bose Institute in Calcutta, and subsidized by the Humane Society of India. The Columbus Zoo had also hoped to breed pure-Bengal white tigers, but were unable to obtain a white registered Bengal mate for Rewati from India. Zoo Outreach Organisation (ZOO) started off as an NGO primarily focusing on training Zoo staff and bettering the circumstances of captive animals in Indian zoos. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... Bose Institute is a premium research institute in the fields of Physics, Chemistry, Botany, Microbiology, Biochemistry, Biophysics, plant Molecular & Cellular Genetics, Animal Physiology, Immunotechnology and Environmental science. ...

There were also surprise births of white tigers in the Asian Circus, in India, to parents not known to have been white gene carriers, or heterozygotes, and not known to have any relationship to any other white tiger strains. There was a white cub born at Mysore Zoo from orange parents descended from Deepak's sister. On August 29, 1979 a white tigress named Seema was dispatched to Kanpur Zoo to be bred to Badal, a tiger who was a fourth generation descendant of Mohan and Begum. The pair did not breed so it was decided to pair Seema with one of two wild caught, notorious man eaters, either Sheru or Titu, from the Jim Corbett National Park. Seema and Sheru produced a white cub which didn't stay white. Mysore Zoo is one of the oldest and most popular zoos in Southern India. ... is the 241st day of the year (242nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... A herd of Indian wild elephants at Corbett National Park. ...

There have been other cases of white tiger, white lion, and white panther cubs being born, and then changing to normal color. White tigers which were a mixture of the Rewa and Orissa strains, born at the NandanKanan Zoo, were non inbred. A white tiger from out of the Orissa strain found it's way to the Western Plains Zoo in Australia. Australia's Dreamworld, on the Gold Coast, wanted to breed this tiger to one of their white tigers from the United States, acquired from Croatian-American tiger trainer Josip Marcan, who was a trainer with the Hawthorn Circus and had also worked as a veterinarian at the Frankfurt Zoo. The Western Plains Zoo rejected the idea. This article is about the band, for the big cats see White lion. ... The white panther is the common name for a white specimen of several species of cat. ... Western Plains Zoo is a large zoo near Dubbo, New South Wales. ... Dreamworld is a theme park situated on the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia. ... Gold Coast redirects here. ...

Stripeless (Snow White) Tigers

This nearly stripeless tiger is on display at The Mirage in Las Vegas, Nevada

An additional genetic condition can remove most of the striping of a white tiger, making the animal almost pure white. One such specimen was exhibited at Exeter Change in England in 1820 and described by Georges Cuvier as "A white variety of Tiger is sometimes seen, with the stripes very opaque, and not to be observed except in certain angles of light."^[42]. Naturalist Richard Lydekker said that, "a white tiger, in which the fur was of a creamy tint, with the usual stripes faintly visible in certain parts, was exhibited at the old menagerie at Exeter Change about the year 1820."^[43] Hamilton Smith said, "A wholly white tiger, with the stripe-pattern visible only under reflected light, like the pattern of a white tabby cat, was exhibited in the Exeter Change Menagerie in 1820.", and John George Wood stated that, "a creamy white, with the ordinary tigerine stripes so faintly marked that they were only visible in certain lights." Edwin Henry Landseer also drew this tigress in 1824. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,560 × 1,920 pixels, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (2,560 × 1,920 pixels, file size: 1. ... For the band, see The Mirage (band) The Mirage is a 3,044 room hotel and casino resort located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada (though like most hotels on the Strip, it uses a Las Vegas mailing address). ... For further information, see Las Vegas metropolitan area and Las Vegas Strip. ... Richard Lydekker (1849 - April 16, 1915) was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history. ... John George Wood (1827 - 1889), writer on natural history, son of a surgeon, born in London, and educated at home and at Oxford, where he worked for some time in the anatomical museum. ... Monarch of the Glen by Sir Edwin Landseer, 1851: the image was widely distributed in steel engravings Sir Edwin Henry Landseer, RA (b. ...

The modern strain of snow white tigers came from repeated brother–sister matings of Bhim and Sumita at Cincinnati zoo. The gene involved possibly came from the Siberian tiger, via their part-Siberian ancestor Tony. Continued inbreeding appears to have caused a recessive gene for stripelessness to show up. About one fourth of Bhim and Sumita's offspring were stripeless. Their striped white offspring, which have been sold to zoos around the world, may also carry the stripeless gene.

Because Tony is present in many white tiger pedigrees, the gene may also be present in other captive white tigers. As a result, stripeless whites have occurred in zoos as far afield as the Czech Republic, Spain and Mexico. Stage magicians Siegfried & Roy were the first to attempt to breed selectively for stripelessness; they own snow white Bengal tigers taken from Cincinnati Zoo (Tsumura, Mantra, Mirage and Akbar-Kabul) and Guadalajara, Mexico (Vishnu and Jahan), and a stripeless Siberian tiger called Apollo. Located in Cincinnati, Ohio, the Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden is the second-oldest zoo in the United States, opened in 1875. ... Coordinates: , Country State Foundation 1542 Government  - Mayor Alfonso Petersen Farah ( PAN) Area  - City 187. ...

In 2004, a blue-eyed, stripeless white tiger was born at a wildlife refuge in Alicante, Spain. Its parents are normal orange Bengals. The cub was named Artico ("Arctic"). Stripeless white tigers were thought to be sterile until Siegfried & Roy's stripeless white tigress Sitarra, a daughter of Bhim and Sumita, gave birth. Another variation which came out of the white strains are unusually light orange tigers called golden tabby tigers. These may be orange tigers which carry the stripeless white gene as a recessive. Some white tigers in India have been very dark nearly reverting to the orange colour Location Coordinates : Time zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer : CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Alacant (Catalan) Spanish name Alicante Postal code 03000 - 03016 Website www. ...

Genetics & albinism

A white tiger in captivity at Wrocław zoo. The presence of stripes indicate it is not a true albino.

Contrary to popular belief, white tigers are not albinos; true albino tigers would have no stripes. The stripeless white tigers known today only have very pale stripes. There is, in fact, no evidence of true albinisms in modern tigers. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 580 pixelsFull resolution (1632 × 1183 pixel, file size: 262 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A white tiger, taken at Wroclaw zoo. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 580 pixelsFull resolution (1632 × 1183 pixel, file size: 262 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) A white tiger, taken at Wroclaw zoo. ... Motto: Miasto spotkaÅ„ (the meeting place) Coordinates: , Country Poland Voivodeship Lower Silesian Powiat city county Gmina WrocÅ‚aw Established 10th century City Rights 1262 Government  - Mayor RafaÅ‚ Dutkiewicz Area  - City 292. ... Albino redirects here. ...

Part of the confusion is due to the misidentification of the so-called chinchilla gene (for white) as an allele of the albino series (publications prior to the 1980s refer to it as an albino gene). The mutation is recessive to normal color, which means that two orange tigers carrying the mutant gene may produce white offspring, and white tigers bred together will produce only white cubs. The stripe color varies due to the influence and interaction of other genes. For the hard rock band, see Allele (band). ...

While the inhibitor ("chinchilla") gene affects the color of the hair shaft, there is a separate "wide-band" gene affecting the distance between the dark bands of colour on agouti hairs.^[44] An orange tiger who inherits two copies of this wide-band gene becomes a golden tabby; a white who inherits two copies becomes almost or completely stripeless. Inbreeding allows the effect of recessive genes to show up, hence the ground and stripe colour variations among white tigers. Agouti signalling peptide, also referred to as Agouti, is a peptide which acts as an antagonist at melanocortin receptors, specifically, MC1. ... A golden tabby tiger at the Buffalo Zoo This page refers to the golden tabby tiger. ...

As early as 1907, naturalist Richard Lydeker doubted the existence of albino tigers.^[45] However, we do have a report of true albinism: in 1922, two pink-eyed albino young were shot along with their mother at Mica Camp, Tisri, in the Cooch Behar district, according to Victor N Narayan in a ”Miscellaneous Note” in the Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. The albinos were described as sickly-looking sub-adults, with extended necks and pink eyes. , Cooch Behar (Bengali : কোচবিহার) is a district of the state of West Bengal, India, as well as the name of the town which gives its name to the district. ... The Bombay Natural History Society is the largest organisation engaged in conservation research in the Indian subcontinent. ...

Outside of India white tigers have been prone to crossed eyes^[46] (strabismus) due to incorrectly routed visual pathways in the brain. When stressed or confused all white tigers cross their eyes, according to tiger trainer Andy Goldfarb. Strabismus is associated with white tigers of mixed Bengal/Siberian ancestry. The only pure-Bengal white tiger reported to be cross eyed was Mohini's daughter Rewati. Strabismus is directly linked to the white gene and is not a separate consequence of inbreeding.^[47][48][49] The school is very cool. Siamese cats and albinos of every species which has been studied all exhibit the same visual pathway abnormality found in white tigers. Siamese cats are also sometimes cross eyed, as are some albino ferrets. The visual pathway abnormality was first documented in white tigers in the brain of Moni, after he died, although his eyes were in normal alignment. There is a disruption in the optic chiasm. The examination of Moni's brain suggested the disruption may less severe in white tigers than it is in Siamese cats. Because of the visual pathway abnormality, by which some of the optic nerves are routed to the wrong side of the brain, some white cubs have a problem with spatial orientation, and bump into things, until they learn to compensate. Some compensate by crossing their eyes. The visual system is the part of the nervous system which allows organisms to see. ... This article is about the mammal. ... Visual pathway with optic chiasm circled The optic chiasm (from the Greek χλαζειν to mark with an X, after the letter Χ chi) is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross, those parts of the right eye which see things on the right side being connected to the... This article is about the anatomical structure. ...

White tigers, Siamese cats, and Himalayan rabbits have enzymes in their fur which react to temperature causing them to grow darker in cold.^[50] They produce a mutated form of tyrosinase, an enzyme used in the production of melanin, which only functions at certain temperatures. This is why Siamese cats and Himalayan rabbits are darker on their faces, ears, legs, and tails, where the cold penetrates more easily. K.S. Sankhala, who was director of the New Delhi Zoo in the 1960s, observed that white tigers were always whiter in Rewa, even when they were born in New Delhi and returned there. "In spite of living in a dusty courtyard they were always snow white."^[1] A weakened immune system is directly linked to reduced pigmentation in white tigers. White tigers react strangely to anesthesia^[51] due to their inability to produce normal tyrosinase, a trait shared with albinos, according to zoo veterinarian David Taylor. He was treating a pair of white tigers from the Cincinnati Zoo at Fritz Wurm's safari park in Stukenbrock, Germany, for salmonella.^[52] Rabbit breeds are notably different varieties of domestic rabbit created through selective breeding or natural selection. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM, surrounded by the space-filling model of the protein. ... Tyrosinase (monophenol monooxygenase) (EC 1. ... Broadly, melanin is any of the polyacetylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole blacks and browns or their mixed copolymers. ... A scanning electron microscope image of a single neutrophil (yellow), engulfing anthrax bacteria (orange). ... Anesthesia or anaesthesia (see spelling differences) has traditionally meant the condition of having the perception of pain and other sensations blocked. ... Look up veterinarian in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... David Taylor became the first veterinarian to specialise solely in exotic animals. ... Species S. enterica This article is about the bacteria. ...

Mohini was checked for Chédiak-Higashi syndrome in 1960, but the results were inconclusive.^[53][54] This condition is similar to albino mutations and causes bluish lightening of the fur color, crossed eyes, and prolonged bleeding after surgery or in the event of injury, the blood is slow to coagulate, in domestic cats. There has never been a case of a white tiger having Chédiak-Higashi syndrome. There has been a single case of a white tiger having central retinal degeneration, which could be related to reduced pigmentation in the eye, reported from the Milwaukee County Zoo.^[55][56] The white tiger was a male on loan from the Cincinnati Zoo. Chédiak-Higashi syndrome is a rare childhood autosomal recessive disorder that affects multiple systems of the body, which arises from a mutation that causes silvery hair. ... Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) is a genetic disease of the retina that occurs bilaterally and is seen in certain breeds of dogs. ...

Inbreeding depression

White tiger at the ZooParc de Beauval in France

Because of the extreme rarity of the white tiger allele in the wild^[1], the breeding pool was limited to the small number of white tigers in captivity. According to Kailash Sankhala the last white tiger ever seen in the wild was shot in 1958. Inbreeding between these tigers often leads to defects ^[57]. Due to the high market value for white tigers, unscrupulous breeders will still inbreed white tigers to ensure the offspring also exhibit the recessive gene. Some animal rights activists have called for a halt to the breeding of white tigers altogether. Rewati had a crooked spine, shortened limbs, and crossed eyes, and her reproductive cycle was irregular, making her a poor candidate for breeding. This may be why the National Zoo did not elect to breed her with Poona, while he was on breeding loan to Washington in 1973. It is probably due to the rarity and demand for white tigers that Rewati was later bred by Robert Baudy, in Center Hill, Florida, to an unrelated orange Amur tiger, but did not conceive. A white Amur tiger may have been born at Center Hill, and given rise to a strain of white Amur tigers. The white tiger pictured on the right is at the ZooParc de Beauval in France, and came from Center Hill. Robert Baudy realized that his tigers had white genes when a tiger he sold to Marwell Zoo in England developed white spots, and bred them accordingly. He sold a white tiger to Mike Tyson. Rewati also lived at the Bronx Zoo for several years and they may have attempted to breed her. She appeared on the covers of the April 1970 National Geographic and the June 22, 1973 issue of Science. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,600 × 1,200 pixels, file size: 300 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to fr. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution‎ (1,600 × 1,200 pixels, file size: 300 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) (All user names refer to fr. ... ZooParc de Bauval is a toursit attraction in Central France. ... Animal liberation redirects here. ... A life cycle is a period involving one generation of an organism through means of reproduction, whether through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction. ... ZooParc de Bauval is a toursit attraction in Central France. ... Marwell Zoo is situated in Hampshire, England, near Winchester. ... Michael Gerard Tyson (born June 30, 1966) is a former American world heavyweight boxing champion and is the youngest man to have won a world heavyweight title. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ...

It has been possible to expand the white gene pool by outcrossing white tigers with unrelated orange tigers and then using the cubs to produce more white tigers. Ranjit, Bharat, Priya, and Bhim were all outcrossed; in some instances to more than one tiger. Bharat was bred to an unrelated orange tiger named Jack, from San Francisco Zoo, and had an orange daughter named Kanchana. Bharat and Priya were also bred with an unrelated orange tiger from Knoxville Zoo, and Ranjit was bred to this tiger's sister, also from Knoxville Zoo. Bhim fathered several litters by an unrelated orange tigress named Kimanthi, at the Cincinnati Zoo. Ranjit had several mates at the Omaha Zoo.^[58] The last descendants of Bristol Zoo's white tigers were a group of orange tigers from outcrosses, which were bought by a Pakistani senator and shipped to Pakistan. Rajiv, Pretoria Zoo's white tiger, who was born in the Cincinnati Zoo and became the first white tiger in Africa when he was traded for a king cheetah, was also outcrossed and sired at least two litters of orange cubs at Pretoria Zoo. Outcrossing isn't necessarily done with the intent of producing more white cubs by resuming inbreeding further down the line. The National Zoo no longer keeps any Bengal tigers and has shifted its focus to endangered Sumatran tigers. The Cincinnati Zoo has more recently bred endangered Indochinese Tigers. The drawbacks of outcrossing are the loss of a generation and the production of surplus cubs which may become "castoffs", and be discarded after they have been used to propagate the next generation of white tigers. Knoxville Zoo is an zoo located in Knoxville, TN. The Knoxville Zoo has more than 800 animals and has had success breeding animals, especially Red Pandas and White Rhinos. ...

White tiger at the Miami Zoo

Today white tigers are so numerous that many are in sanctuaries for unwanted tigers. The Lowery Park Zoo in Tampa, Florida has four white tigers from Center Hill, which are "rescue tigers", and may also be pure-Amur tigers. White tigers and white lions have been used in canned hunts, and there are white tigers being bred in Asian tiger farms, to be slaughtered like pigs, for their body parts. In the United States white tigers are in the hands of many shady profit-motivated private owners and breeders, and white tigers have been sold to drug lords. In 2005 the Border Patrol siezed two white tiger cubs which were in a pick up truck on the Texas-Mexican border. ^[59] White tigers have been relegated from royal palace to roadside zoo in 56 years. The white tiger pictured at right at the Miami Zoo was born in the Hawthorn Circus and is a subspecific hybrid (Panthera tigris tigris x altaica). Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1356x1023, 514 KB) White Tiger, Miami Zoo, unknown Subspecies. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1356x1023, 514 KB) White Tiger, Miami Zoo, unknown Subspecies. ... Tampa redirects here. ... Center Hill can refer to: Center Hill, Florida Center Hill Lake This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... A canned hunt is essentially a trophy hunt where the customer is guaranteed a kill by the simple expedient of the hosts pre-capturing the animal, and releasing it into an area where the hunter can take a shot at it, such as in a fenced-in area. ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... A drug lord or drug baron is the term used to describe a person who controls a sizable network of persons involved in the illegal drugs trade. ...

Perhaps the mongrelization of white tigers has been a mixed blessing, since although the introduction of Amur genes into the white strain has further delegitimized white tigers for zoo conservation purposes, it's possible that hybrid vigor has counteracted inbreeding depression and created healthier bloodlines. Outcrossing is a way of bringing fresh blood into the white strain. The new Delhi Zoo loaned out white tigers to various zoos in India for outcrossing, and the government had to impose a whip to force zoos to return either the white tigers or their orange offspring. Heterosis is increased strength of different characteristics in hybrids; the possibility to obtain a better individual by combining the virtues of its parents. ...

Siegfried & Roy did at least one outcross. In the mid 1980s they offered to collaborate with the Indian government in the creation of a healthier strain of white tigers. The Indian government was reportedly studying the offer, but may not have wished to have their white tigers mongrelized like those in America. In India there was a moratorium on breeding white tigers after cubs were born at New Delhi Zoo with arched backs and clubbed feet necessitating euthanasia. At one point the Cincinnati Zoo was the only zoo in the world breeding them. The New Delhi Zoo decided to try again reasoning that if Cleopatra could be born healthy and normal as the product of three generations of brother to sister unions then so might white tigers. (Cleopatra's parents were not brother and sister.)Mice have been bred brother to sister for 150 generations without ill effect, and are therefore 99.999% genetically identical. Hybrid white tigers appear to be healthier than white subspecific purebreds and an analogy can be made with purebred vs. mongrel dogs.^[60]India is committed to keeping their white tigers purebred. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

In the mid 1980s Siegfried & Roy owned 10% of the world's white tigers. In the 1980s Siegfried & Roy were escorting two big, dark striped, white tiger cubs to their new home at Phantasialand, in Bruhl, Germany, when the white tigers and their truck were briefly stolen in New York City, when the driver stopped for coffee. The white tigers made their debut in Germany at a ceremony attended by the United States Ambassador. Fritz Wurm's safari park in Germany bought a pair of white tigers from the Cincinnati Zoo, and Joan Collins attended the opening of the golden domed white tiger pavilion, at the safari park in Stukenbrock, Germany. Other genetic problems include shortened tendons of the forelegs, club foot , kidney problems, arched or crooked backbone and twisted neck. Reduced fertility and miscarriages, noted by ”tiger man” Kailash Sankhala, in pure-Bengal white tigers, were attributed to inbreeding depression.^[1]There have also been congenital cataracts reported from the Cincinnati Zoo^[61]and Parkinson's disease in India.^[62][63] Some of the white tigers born to North American lines have bulldog faces with a snub nose, jutting jaw, domed head and wide-set eyes with an indentation between the eyes. However, some of these traits have also been linked to poor diet. The white gene is recessive, and therefore must be inherited from both parents, to produce a white tiger. Inbreeding is a conscious strategy to promote homozygosity in white tigers. Instead of carrying white genes which give them their white coat, they carry orange genes that are "switched off." Deep in Africa Phantasialand is an amusement park in Brühl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany that attracts approximately 2 million visitors annually. ... Brühl is a city in Germany, located 20 km south of Cologne, in the Rhein-Erft-Kreis. ... New York, New York and NYC redirect here. ... Joan Henrietta Collins OBE (born May 23, 1933) is a Golden Globe Award winning English actress and bestselling author. ... Club foot. ... Kailash Sankhala (1925 - 1994) was a renowned naturalist and conservationist of India. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into inbreeding. ...

Historical records

White tiger sleeping at the Audubon Zoo in New Orleans, Louisiana.

In Rewa hunters' diaries recorded 9 white tigers in the fifty years prior to 1960. The Journal of The Bombay Natural History Society reported 17 white tigers shot between 1907 and 1933, and E.P. Gee collected accounts of 35 white tigers from the wild up to 1959. Some white tigers in the wild had reddish stripes. While the modern population descends from Rewan tigers, white tigers may have been recorded as far afield as China and Korea, Nepal, Burma, the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra and Java. Historically, white tigers may have been reported in northern China, in the geographic range of the Siberian tiger, and perhaps in the Indochinese, Sumatran and Javan subspecies, but not among South China, Caspian (Panthera tigris virgata) or Bali Tigers. Korean and Manchurian tigers were previously recognized as separate subspecies (Panthera tigris coreensis and Panthera tigris longipilis or amurensis), but they are now regarded part of the Amur tiger subspecies (Siberian) named for the Amur river. Arthur Locke writing in "The Tigers Of Trengganu" (1954) mentions white tigers, but it's unclear whether he means specifically in Trengganu, in the Malay Peninsula, or elsewhere in Asia, in which case there may be no record of white tigers ever existing in the Malay Peninsula. The Malayan Tiger (Panthera tigris malayensis or Panthera tigris jacksoni) was only recognized as a subspecies separate from the Indochinese (Panthera tigris corbetti) in 2004, and the Indochinese as a subspecies separate from the Bengal in 1968. White tigers were reported from Burma, now called Myanmar, but since the Irrawaddy River (Ayeyarwady since 1998) is the theoretical dividing line between the range of the Bengal and Indochinese tiger, it is uncertain whether there were also white Indochinese tigers or white Malayan tigers. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... The Audubon Zoo is a zoo located in New Orleans and is part of the Audubon Nature Institute. ... New Orleans is the largest city in the state of Louisiana, United States of America. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about the Korean civilization. ... The Malay Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Tanah Melayu) is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. ... Sumatra (also spelled Sumatera) is the sixth largest island in the world (approximately 470,000 km²) and is the largest island entirely in Indonesia (two larger islands, Borneo and New Guinea, are partially in Indonesia). ... This article is about the Java island. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris amoyensis (Hilzheimer, 1905) South China Tiger range The South China Tiger or South Chinese Tiger (Panthera tigris amoyensis), also known as the Chinese, Amoy, or Xiamen tiger, is a subspecies of tiger native to the forests of Southern China. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris virgata (Illiger, 1815) Distribution of caspian tigers in 1900 (red) Synonyms P. tigris lecoqi (China) Color-enhanced photo of a captive specimen (possibly the same individual as above) The Caspian tiger or Persian tiger (Panthera tigris virgata) was the westernmost subspecies of tiger, found in Iran... Trinomial name Panthera tigris balica (Schwarz, 1912) The Bali tiger (Panthera tigris balica), also called the Balinese tiger, is an extinct subspecies of tiger found solely on the small Indonesian island of Bali. ... The Amur (Russian: Амур) (Simplified Chinese: 黑龙江; Traditional Chinese: 黑龍江; Hēilóng Jiāng, literally meaning Black Dragon River) (Mongolian: Хара-Мурэн, Khara-Muren or Black River) (Manchu: Sahaliyan Ula, literal meaning Black... Map of Terengganu in Peninsular Malaysia Terengganu (Jawi:ترنجانو, formerly spelled Trengganu) is a state of Malaysia. ... The Malay Peninsula (Malay: Semenanjung Tanah Melayu) is a major peninsula located in Southeast Asia. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris jacksoni Luo et al. ... The Ayeyarwady River or Irrawaddy River (Burmese: ; MLCTS: ) is a river that flows through Burma (Myanmar). ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris corbetti Mazák, 1968 Distribution map The Indochinese tiger or Corbetts tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) is a subspecies of tiger found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. ... Trinomial name Panthera tigris corbetti Mazák, 1968 Distribution map The Indochinese tiger or Corbetts tiger (Panthera tigris corbetti) is a subspecies of tiger found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. ...

In some regions, the animal forms part of local tradition. In China, it was revered as the god of the West, Baihu. In South Korea, a white tiger will sometimes be represented on the taegeuk emblem on the flag – the symbolising evil, opposite the green dragon for good. In Indian superstition, the white tiger was the incarnation of a Hindu deity, and anyone who killed it would die within a year. Sumatran and Javan royalty claimed descent from white tigers, and the animals were regarded as the reincarnations of royalty. In Java the white tiger was associated with the vanished Hindu kingdoms and with ghosts and spirits. It was also the icon guardian of the seventeenth century court. The White Tiger (Chinese: ; pinyin: Bái HÇ”) is one of the Four Symbols of the Chinese constellations. ... The forms of Kukkiwon WTF Taekwondo used to create a foundation for the teaching of Taekwondo. ... Taegukgi and Taegeukgi redirects here. ... For other uses, see Dragon (disambiguation). ...

White tigers with dark stripes were recorded in the wild in India during the Mughal Empire (1556–1605). A painting from 1590 of Akbar while hunting near Gwalior depicts four tigers, two of which appear white. As many as 17 instances of white tigers were recorded in India between 1907 and 1933 in several separate locations: Orissa, Bilaspur, Sohagpur and Rewa. Capital Delhi / Agra Language(s) Persian (initially also Chagatai, Turkish; later also Urdu) Government Monarchy Emperor  - 1526-1530 Babur  - 1530–1539 and after restoration 1555–1556 Humayun  - 1556–1605 Akbar  - 1605–1627 Jahangir  - 1628–1658 Shah Jahan  - 1659–1707 Aurangzeb History  - Established April 21, 1526  - Ended September 21, 1857 Area... For other uses, see Akbar (disambiguation). ... , Gwalior   is a city in Madhya Pradesh in India. ... , See Bilaspur for disambiguation Bilaspur is known as the Dhaan Ka Katora, which means Rice Bowl in Hindi, of the Chhattisgarh region in the Bilaspur District, India. ... Sohagpur is a town and a nagar panchayat in Hoshangabad district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. ... Rewa District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. ...

Between 1892 and 1922, white tigers were routinely shot in India in places such as Orissa, Upper Assam, Bilaspur, Cooch Behar and Pune. Pollock (1900) reported white tigers from Burma and the Jynteah hills of Meghalaya. In the 1920s and 30s, fifteen white tigers were killed in Bihar, and more were shot in other regions.^[64] On 22 January 1939, the Prime Minister of Nepal shot a white tiger at Barda camp in Terai, Nepal. The last observed wild white tiger was shot in 1958, and the mutation is considered extinct in the wild^[1]. There have been rumors of white tigers in the wild in India since then, but none have been considered credible. , Assam (  ) (Assamese: অসম Ôxôm) is a north eastern state of India with its capital at Dispur, a suburb of the city Guwahati. ... , Pune (IPA: , Marathi: पुणे) is a city located in the western Indian state of Maharashtra. ... , Meghalaya   is a small state in north-eastern India. ... For other uses, see Bihar (disambiguation). ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The position of Prime Minister of Nepal was created in 1799. ... The Terai, or Tarai (i. ...

Popular culture

Trivia sections are discouraged under Wikipedia guidelines. The article could be improved by integrating relevant items and removing inappropriate ones.

• Swedish rock band Kent featured a white tiger on the cover of their best-selling album Vapen & ammunition in 2002. This was a tribute to the band's home town Eskilstuna; the zoo in town had white tigers as its main attraction.
• The Beast Wars character Tigatron transformed into a white tiger.
• White Tiger is the name of several comic-book superheroes.
• Bengali from ThunderCats was an anthropomorphic white tiger.
• In Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, after being given the powers of the White Ranger, Tommy Oliver assumed command of the White Tigerzord.
• In Power Rangers: Wild Force, Alyssa Enrilé's Wild zord was a white tiger.
• The Japanese Super Sentai series which the Power Rangers series are based off of have used White Tiger themed mecha. Most notably are the sentai footage of the Mythical Chi Beast Won Tiger from Gosei Sentai Dairanger and GaoTiger of the Power Animals from Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger which the MMPR and Wild Force Footage is based on.
• In the Warcraft universe the Night Elves's mount is a frostsaber which is similar to a white bengal tiger. A hunter can tame a frostsaber or other white tigers in World of Warcraft.
• In The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, White Tigers are seen fighting for the White Witch.
• In Dexter's Laboratory, White Tiger is one of the Justice Friends.
• In Zoo Tycoon, players are able to adopt White Bengal Tigers.
• In Beyblade, one of the Beyblader teams is called the White Tigers. One of the former members and main characters, Ray Kon has a white tiger bitbeast named Driger.
• In the famous magic shows of Siegfried & Roy white tigers were used in some of the acts.
• In Ronin Warriors, Ryu's pet/fighting partner named "White Blaze" (Byauken in the original) was a white striped tiger.

Image File history File links Broom_icon. ... Kent is a Swedish rock band founded in Eskilstuna/Torshälla in 1990, with the name Coca-Cola Kids, later Jones & Giftet (Jones & the Poison), and Havsänglar (Angel sharks, literally Sea angels). ... Vapen & ammunition (Swedish for Weapons & Ammunition) is a 2002 album by the Swedish band Kent. ... Eskilstuna River and Gamla Stan (Old Town) Klosters church of Eskilstuna. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Tigatron Tigatron is a Transformer character from Beast Wars. ... Angela Del Toro, the fourth, and current White Tiger, art by George Perez White Tiger is the identity used by several fictional characters in Marvel Comics. ... ThunderCats was an American animated television series developed and produced by Rankin/Bass Productions, debuting in 1985 based on the characters created by Tobin Ted Wolf. ... Mighty Morphin Power Rangers (MMPR) is an American live-action television series, created for the American market, based on the sixteenth installment of the Japanese Super Sentai franchise, KyōryÅ« Sentai Zyuranger. ... The White Power Ranger The White Ranger is a designation given to several characters in Power Rangers. ... Dr. Thomas Tommy Oliver is a fictional character from the universe of the American childrens television franchise Power Rangers. ... The Zords used in the television series Mighty Morphin Power Rangers are themed after prehistoric, mythical, and modern animals. ... Power Rangers: Wild Force is considered to be the tenth incarnation of the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers series, despite the fact that it is only the ninth unique incarnation (The original Mighty Morphin Power Rangers ran for three seasons, while Mighty Morphin Alien Rangers is widely considered to be part... Alyssa Enrilé is a character from Power Rangers: Wild Force. ... The official logo of the Super Sentai Series introduced in 2000 during the run of Mirai Sentai Timeranger The Super Sentai Series ) is the name given to the long running Japanese superhero team genre of shows produced by Toei Company Ltd. ... This article is about the term used in science fiction, anime, and manga. ... The Dairangers are a group of fictional characters who are the protagonists of the Super Sentai series, Gosei Sentai Dairanger. ... Gosei Sentai Dairanger ) translated into English as Five-Star Squadron Dairanger,[1] is a Japanese tokusatsu television series. ... The Power Animals ) are a group of fictional creatures from the Super Sentai series Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger. ... Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger ), translated into English as 100-Beast Squadron Gaoranger[1][2], was TOEI Company Limiteds 25th production of the Super Sentai television series. ... “The world of Warcraft” redirects here. ... World of Warcraft (commonly abbreviated as WoW) is a massive multiplayer online role-playing game (MMORPG) developed by Blizzard Entertainment and is the fourth game in the Warcraft series, excluding expansion packs and the cancelled Warcraft Adventures: Lord of the Clans. ... Jadis, the White Witch is the key villain of The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, the first published book in C. S. Lewiss Chronicles of Narnia series, and the second chronologically. ... Dexters Laboratory (Dexters Lab for short) is an American animated television series created by Genndy Tartakovsky. ... This is the article on the video game. ... Original run 8 January 2001 – 24 December 2001 No. ... The White Tigers are a fictional team of Beybladers in the anime series Beyblade. ... Ray Kon, known in the Japanese version as Rei Kon (金李, Japanese: Kon Rei, Chinese Pinyin: JÄ«n Lǐ), is a fictional character from the anime and manga series of Beyblade. ... A sculpture of Siegfried & Roy with one of their beloved white lions near the Mirage hotel on the Las Vegas Strip Siegfried & Roy are two gay German-American entertainers who worked on the Las Vegas Strip, USA. Their long running show of magic and illusion was famous for working with... Ronin Warriors ) is the English version of the Japanese anime television series Yoroiden-Samurai Troopers (Legendary Armor Samurai Troopers). ...

References

• Park, Edwards "Around The Mall And Beyond." Smithsonian September 1979
• Reed, Elizabeth C., "White Tiger In My House." National Geographic May 1970
• "Genetic abnormality of the visual pathways in a "white" tiger" R.W. Guillery and J.H. Kaas Science June 22, 1973
• "Cross-eyed tigers" Scientific American 229:43 August 1973
• "Now He's The Cat's Meow" Dan Geringer Sports Illustrated Vol. 65 No. 3 July 21, 1986
• "Here Kitty Kitty: Cincinnati Zoo Breeds Five Rare White Tigers" People Weekly 21:97-9 January 23, 1984
• "White Tiger: An Indian Maharaja Is Trying To Sell His Rare Cub To A U.S. Zoo." Life 31:69 October 15, 1951
• "White Tiger From India" Life 49: 47-8 December 19, 1960
• "Grrr! Ownership of a rare white tiger disputed." The Detroit News February 11, 1975 Section A pg. 3;
• Sankhala, Kailash, "Tiger !: The story of the Indian tiger/Kailash Sankhala New York Simon & Schuster c1977. (see above references)
• Bernays, M.E., Smith, Rie "Convergent strabismus in a white tiger." Australian Vet. J. Vol. 77, No. 3, March 1999;
• "Indian rajah offers to sell rare white cub", N.Y. Times and London Times ads June 22, 1951;
• "White tiger exports banned, India, N.Y. Times D. 4, 1960 12:2;
• "'White' Tigress Arrives by Air On Way to Zoo in Washington." N.Y. Times Dec. 1, 1960 pg. 37 L+;
• "Eisenhower Is Wary as He meets a 'White' Tiger." N.Y. Times Dec. 6, 1960 pg. 47 L+;
• Husain, Dawar "Breeding And Hand-Rearing Of White Tiger Cubs Panthera tigris At Delhi Zoo." The International Zoo Yearbook Vol VI 1966
• Bruning, Fred, "Hall Has A White Tiger by the Handle." The Miami Herald Jan. 14, 1968;
• "Lady Is A Tiger." The Miami Herald Jan. 19, 1968; "First White Tiger In Africa" & "How To Breed A White Tiger." Zoon No. 29, 1988-4; "Rare Tigers Born At Fair." The New York Times June 28, 1976;
• Roychoudhury, A.K., The Indian White Tiger Studbook (1989);
• "2 tiger cubs, rare Siberian, born at fair" The Baltimore Sun, Monday, June 28, 1976 page C.1;
• "President Gets White Tiger for National Zoo" The Philadelphia Inquirer Tuesday Morning Dec. 6, 1960
• "Death of white tiger" Washington Post July 9, 1971 pgs. B1, B5
• Greenberg, Robert I, "White Tigress Visits Zoo for 3 Days And Monkeys See Red" The Philadelphia Inquirer Saturday Morning Dec. 3, 1960
• "White Tiger At Zoo For Three-Day Visit" The Evening Bulletin, Philadelphia, Friday Dec. 2, 1960
• "He's Not Enchanted: Eisenhower Accepts Tigress-Distantly" The Bulletin, Philadelphia, Dec. 6, 1960
• "20 year old Mohini Rewa put to death at National Zoo" Washington Post April 3, 1979 pg. B1
• D.C. born white tiger killed by mate in Columbus (Ohio) zoo" Washington Post July 8, 1983 pg. B3
• Greed, R.E., "White Tigers, Panthera tigris, At Bristol Zoo" The International Zoo Yearbook Vol. V 1965
• Sankhala, Kailash "Breeding Behavior of The Tiger Panthera tigris In Rajasthan" International Zoo Yearbook Vol. VII 1967 pg. 133
• "White Bengal tiger imported for Longleat safari park" The London Times March 22, 1989 pg. 3d
• "White tigers at Bristol Zoo" The London Times August 17, 1963 pg. 8b.
• "Siberian tiger cubs born at Como Zoo" The New York Times July 23, 1958 pg. 40:2
• Hanna, Jack "Monkeys On The Interstate" Doubleday Dell Publishing Group Inc. 666 Fifth Ave. New York New York 10103 1989 pgs. 206-209, 211, 216-217
• Maruska, Edward J., 33. "White Tiger Phantom or Freak?", Part VI White Tiger Politics, Tigers of The World The Biology, Biopolitics, Management, and Conservation of an Endangered, Speices Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey USA 1987
• Roychoudhury, A.K., 34. "White Tigers and Their Conservation" White Tiger Politics 1987
• Simmons, Lee G., 35. "White Tigers The Realities" White Tiger Politics 1987
• Latinen, Catherine, 36. "White Tigers and Species Survival Plans" White Tiger Politics 1987
• Isaac, J., 1984 Tiger Tale. Geo 6 (August) 82-86
• Gee, E.P., 1964 "The White Tigers" Animals 3:282-286
• Gee, E.P., 1964 "The Wildlife of India" London: Collins.
• Stracey, P.D., "Tigers" London: Barker; New York: Golden P., 1968
• Mazak, Vratislav, Der Tiger, Wittenberg Lutherstadt: Ziemensen, 1983
• Perry, Richard, The World of the Tiger, New York: Atheneum 1965 (c. 1964)
• Gee, E.P., "Albinism And Partial Albinism In Tigers", Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 1959, Vol. 56, pgs. 581-587
• Van Nostrand, Mary L., "Mohan The Ghost Tiger of Rewa", Zoonooz May 1984 pgs. 4-7
• Sunquist, Fiona "The Secret Of The White Tiger" National Geographic World Dec. 2000 pg. 26
• "Verdict upheld in cubs case", The Baton Rouge Advocate, Nov. 16, 1986 (story concerning the theft of five white tiger cubs by a veterinarian from the Hawthorn Circus in 1984. Two died. The cubs were taken to Louisiana.)
• "Rewati", Columbus ZooViews, Autumn 1981

Kailash Sankhala (1925 - 1994) was a renowned naturalist and conservationist of India. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ... Clyde Beatty (born June 10, 1903 in Bainbridge, Ohio, USA; died July 19, 1965) was a big game hunter who became famous as a lion tamer and animal trainer. ... It has been suggested that The Crime Club be merged into this article or section. ... Georges Cuvier Baron Georges Léopold Chrétien Frédéric Dagobert Cuvier (August 23, 1769–May 13, 1832) was a French naturalist and zoologist. ... Richard Lydekker (1849 - April 16, 1915) was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history. ... Butterworth-Heinemann was a UK-based international publishing company specialized in professional information and learning materials for higher education and professional training, in printed and electronic forms. ... Richard Lydekker (1849 - April 16, 1915) was an English naturalist, geologist and writer of numerous books on natural history. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Smithsonian is a monthly magazine published by the Smithsonian Institution of the United States in Washington, DC External link Smithsonian webpage Categories: Smithsonian Institution | United States magazines | Stub ... David Taylor became the first veterinarian to specialise solely in exotic animals. ... Headquartered in the legendary Flatiron Building in New York City, St. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ... Science is the journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). ... is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... Scientific American is a popular-science magazine, published (first weekly and later monthly) since August 28, 1845, making it the oldest continuously published magazine in the United States. ... The first issue of Sports Illustrated, August 16, 1954, showing Milwaukee Braves star Eddie Mathews at bat in Milwaukee County Stadium. ... is the 202nd day of the year (203rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 23rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Philippe Halsmans famous portrait of Marilyn Monroe Life generally refers to two American magazines: A humor and general interest magazine published from 1883 to 1936; A publication created by Time founder Henry Luce in 1936, with a strong emphasis on photojournalism. ... is the 288th day of the year (289th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 353rd day of the year (354th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 42nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• Heterozygous tiger
• Outbreeding depression
• Hybrid

Heterozygous Tigers are the worlds rarest tiger (next to the Maltese Tiger). ... Outbreeding depression This phenomenon can occur in two ways. ... This article is about a biological term. ...

External links

• Exotic Catz.com
• White Tigers (with genealogy charts)
• White tigers
• Indian Tiger Welfare Society
• International Exotic Feline sanctuary