NationMaster - Encyclopedia: William Nicholson (Australian politician)

William Nicholson (27 February 1816 – 10 March 1865), Australian colonial politician, was the 3rd Premier of Victoria. He was known as the "father of the ballot", since he was responsible for the introduction of the secret ballot in Victoria. Image File history File links Williamnicholson. ... Image File history File links Williamnicholson. ... February 27 is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1816 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (70th in Leap years). ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... A politician is an individual involved in politics to the extent of holding or running for public office. ... List of Premiers of Victoria Before the 1890s there was no formal party system in Victoria. ... The Polling by William Hogarth (1755); Before the secret ballot was introduced voter intimidation was commonplace Wikisource has original text related to this article: A History of the Australian Ballot System in the United States The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voters choices are confidential. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Nicholson was born in 1816 in Whitehaven in Cumberland, the son of an Anglican farmer. He migrated to Australia in 1842, setting up business as a grocer in Melbourne. He was a successful businessman, and became the head of a merchant firm, W. Nicholson and Company. In 1848 Nicholson was elected to the Melbourne City Council, and served as Mayor of Melbourne 1850-51. He was a director of the Bank of Victoria and several other companies, and was Chairman of the Melbourne Chamber of Commerce 1859-60. In 1860 he was also the secretary of the Royal Society of Victoria. Location within the British Isles For the neighborhood in Memphis, Tennessee see Whitehaven, Memphis. ... Cumberland is one of the 39 traditional counties of England. ... The term Anglican describes those people and churches following the religious traditions of the Church of England, especially following the Reformation. ... 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Melbourne is the state capital and largest city in the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-largest city in Australia (after Sydney), with a population of approximately 3. ... 1848 is a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The arms of the City of Melbourne The flag of the City of Melbourne The City of Melbourne is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia. ... This is a list of the Mayors and Lord Mayors of the City of Melbourne Local Government Area, Melbourne, Australia. ... 1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... 1851 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ... The Royal Society of Victoria is the oldest learned society in the state of Victoria in Australia. ...

In 1852, Nicholson was elected to the Legislative Council for North Bourke. In 1853, Nicholson was a member of the committee which drafted the Constitution of Victoria. The Constitution was enacted in 1855, and on 18 December of that year, Nicholson moved and carried a motion which stated that any Victorian electoral act should include voting by secret ballot. This move was opposed by the government at the time, under Premier William Haines, and after the motion was passed, Haines resigned. 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... The Legislative Council, or upper house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Victoria, Australia. ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... 1855 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... The Polling by William Hogarth (1755); Before the secret ballot was introduced voter intimidation was commonplace Wikisource has original text related to this article: A History of the Australian Ballot System in the United States The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voters choices are confidential. ... This article is about the Australian politician. ...

Although it was actually Henry Chapman who devised the secret ballot motion, the fact that Nicholson moved it gained him the credit, and when Haines resigned he was invited by the Governor of Victoria Sir Charles Hotham to form a government, but he was unable to do so, and Haines became Premier again. List of Governors of Victoria See Governors of the Australian states for a description and history of the office of Governor. ... Captain Sir Charles Hotham, RN, KCB, was Governor of Victoria, Australia (22 May 1855 - 31 December 1855) Categories: People stubs ...

In 1856, Nicholson visited England, where he was congratulated for his work in establishing the secret ballot, which had been advocated by the Chartist movement there. The system was introduced in Victoria on 19 March 1856, and in South Australia on 2 April in the same year. It was later adopted by all the other colonies. The secret ballot was known as "the Victorian ballot" for the rest of the 19th century. 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Royal motto (French): Dieu et mon droit (Translated: God and my right) Englands location within the British Isles Languages English (de facto) Capital London de facto Largest city London Area â€“ Total Ranked 1st UK 130,395 kmÂ² Population â€“ Total (mid-2004) â€“ Total (2001 Census) â€“ Density Ranked 1st UK 50. ... A movement for social and political reform in the United Kingdom during the mid_19th century, Chartism gains its name from the Peoples Charter of 1838, which set out the main aims of the movement. ... March 19 is the 78th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (79th in leap years). ... 1856 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Motto: United for the Common Wealth Nickname: Festival State Other Australian states and territories Capital Adelaide Government Governor Premier Const. ... 2 April is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 273 days remaining. ...

Nicholson returned to Melbourne in 1858, and in 1859 was elected to the Legislative Assembly for the seat of Murray. Later that year, he shifted to Sandridge (now Port Melbourne), which he represented until 1864. When the conservative government of Premier John O'Shanassy was defeated in October 1859, Nicholson became Premier and Chief Secretary. 1858 (MDCCCLVIII) is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... The Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the parliament of Victoria in Australia. ... Port Melbourne is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Sir John OShanassy, KSG, CMG, KCMG (1818 â€“ 5 May 1883), Australian colonial politician, was the 2nd Premier of Victoria. ... 1859 is a common year starting on Saturday. ...

Much of Nicholson's premiership was spent trying to pass a bill which would have allowed small farmers to settle on the grazing lands appropriated by the squatters, but it encountered strong opposition from the Legislative Council, which was dominated by landowners. When the Council severely amended the bill there were riots outside Parliament House. This stiffened conservative resistance and the bill was eventually passed in a much weaker form, which the squatters easily evaded. This failure led to Nicholson's resignation in November 1860. To squat is to occupy an unoccupied or abandoned space or building that the individual does not own, rent, or otherwise have permission to use. ... Parliament House, Melbourne Parliament House, Melbourne, has been the seat of the Parliament of Victoria, Australia, since 1855, except for the years 1901 to 1928, when it was occupied by the Parliament of Australia. ... 1860 is the leap year starting on Sunday. ...

Nicholson did not hold office again. He had a severe illness in 1864, from which he never fully recovered, and he died in March 1865. He was survived by his wife Sarah and several children. Nicholson Street, a major north-south traffic artery in modern Melbourne, is named after him. 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Nicholson Street is a street in inner Melbourne. ...

References

Sir John OShanassy, KSG, CMG, KCMG (1818 â€“ 5 May 1883), Australian colonial politician, was the 2nd Premier of Victoria. ... List of Premiers of Victoria Before the 1890s there was no formal party system in Victoria. ... Richard Heales (1821 â€“ 19 June 1864), Australian colonial politician, was the 4th Premier of Victoria. ...

Categories: 1816 births | 1865 deaths | Premiers of Victoria | Mayors and Lord Mayors of Melbourne | Natives of Cumberland List of Premiers of Victoria Before the 1890s there was no formal party system in Victoria. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Victoria_(Australia). ... This article is about the Australian politician. ... Sir John OShanassy, KSG, CMG, KCMG (1818 â€“ 5 May 1883), Australian colonial politician, was the 2nd Premier of Victoria. ... Richard Heales (1821 â€“ 19 June 1864), Australian colonial politician, was the 4th Premier of Victoria. ... Sir James McCulloch (1819 - 31 January 1893), Australian colonial politician, was the 5th Premier of Victoria. ... Charles Sladen (28 August 1816 â€“ 22 February 1884), Australian colonial politician, was the 6th Premier of Victoria. ... John Alexander MacPherson (15 October 1833 - 17 February 1894), Australian colonial politician, was the 7th Premier of Victoria. ... Charles Gavan Duffy Sir Charles Gavan Duffy, KBE, KCMG (12 April 1816 - 9 February 1903) Irish nationalist and Australian colonial politician, was the 8th Premier of Victoria and one of the most colourful figures in Victorian political history. ... James Goodall Francis (9 January 1819 - 25 January 1884), Australian colonial politician, was the 9th Premier of Victoria. ... George Briscoe Kerferd (21 January 1831 - 31 December 1899), Australian colonial politician, was the 10th Premier of Victoria. ... Sir Graham Berry Graham Berry (28 August 1822 - 25 January 1904), Australian colonial politician, was the 11th Premier of Victoria. ... James Service James Service (27 November 1823 â€“ 12 April 1899), Australian colonial politician, was the 13th Premier of Victoria. ... Sir Bryan OLoghlen, Bt Sir Bryan OLoghlen (pronounced and sometimes spelled Brian OLochlen) (27 June 1828 - 31 October 1905), Australian colonial politician, was the 13th Premier of Victoria. ... Duncan Gillies Duncan Gillies (January 1834 â€“ 12 September 1903), Australian colonial politician, was the 14th Premier of Victoria. ... James Munro James Munro (7 January 1832 â€“ 25 February 1908), Australian colonial politician, was the 15th Premier of Victoria. ... William Shiels William Shiels (3 December 1848 â€“ 17 December 1904), Australian colonial politician, was the 16th Premier of Victoria. ... James Patterson James Brown Patterson (18 November 1833 â€“ 30 October 1895), Australian colonial politician, was the 17th Premier of Victoria. ... Sir George Turner (8 August 1851 - 12 August 1916), Australian politician, was Premier of Victoria and a member of the first federal ministry. ... McLEAN, ALLAN (1840-1911), politician, was born in the Highlands of Scotland, on 3 February 1840. ... Sir Alexander Peacock Sir Alexander James Peacock (11 June 1861 - 7 October 1933), Australian politician, was the 20th Premier of Victoria. ... William Hill Irvine (6 July 1858 - 20 August 1943), Australian politician and judge, was born in Newry in County Down, Ireland, into a Scottish-Presbyterian family. ... Sir Thomas Bent was the premier of the Australian state of Victoria from the 16th February 1904 to the 8th January 1909. ... John Murray (8 July 1851 - 4 May 1916), Australian politician, was the 23rd Premier of Victoria. ... William Alexander Watt (1871â€“1946), Australian political figure. ... George Elmslie George Alexander Elmslie (21 February 1861 - 11 May 1918), Australian politician, was the 25th Premier of Victoria, and the first Labor Premier. ... Sir John Bowser John Bowser (26 August 1856 - 10 June 1936), Australian politician, was the 26th Premier of Victoria. ... Sir Harry Lawson Sir Harry Sutherland Wightman Lawson (5 March 1875 - 12 June 1952), Australian politician, was the 27th Premier of Victoria. ... George Prendergast in 1894 George Michael Prendergast (6 May 1854 - 28 August 1937), Australian politician, was the 28th Premier of Victoria. ... John Allan John Allan (27 March 1866 - 22 February 1936), Australian politician, was the 29th Premier of Victoria. ... Ned Hogan Edmond John Ned Hogan (12 December 1883 - 23 August 1964), Australian politician, was the 30th Premier of Victoria. ... William Murray McPherson (17 September 1865 - 26 July 1932), Australian philanthropist and politician, was the 31st Premier of Victoria. ... Sir Stanley Argyle Stanley Seymour Argyle (4 December 1867 - 23 November 1940), Australian politician, was the 32nd Premier of Victoria. ... John Cain (19 January 1882 - 4 August 1957), Australian politician, was the 33rd Premier of Victoria, and was the first Australian Labor Party Leader to win a majority in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. ... At the end of September 1945, the Dunstan government was defeated in the Legislative Assembly, when it voted to refuse Supply to his administration. ... Hon Sir Henry Bolte Sir Henry Edward Bolte (20 May 1908 - 4 January 1990), Australian politician, was the longest serving Premier of the state of Victoria. ... Image:Ac. ... Hon Lindsay Thompson Lindsay Hamilton Simpson Thompson (born 15 October 1923), Australian politician, was Liberal Premier of the state of Victoria from 1981 to 1982. ... John Cain John Cain (born 26 April 1931), Australian politician, was Labor Premier of the state of Victoria from 1982 to 1990. ... Joan Kirner Joan Elizabeth Kirner (born 20 June 1938), Australian politician, was the first female Premier of Victoria. ... Hon Jeff Kennett Jeffrey Gibb Kennett AC (born 2 March 1948), Australian politician, was Premier of Victoria from 1992 to 1999. ... Steve Bracks (born October 15, 1954), Australian politician of Lebanese descent, has been Premier of Victoria since 1999. ...

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