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Encyclopedia > William Phips
Sir William Phips
William Phips
In office
May 16, 1692 – November 17, 1694
Preceded by Simon Bradstreet (as Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony)
Succeeded by William Stoughton
Born February 2, 1651
Woolwich, Maine
Died February 18, 1695
London, England

Sir William Phips (or Phipps) (February 2, 1651 – February 18, 1695) was a colonial governor of Massachusetts. Image File history File links SirWilliamPhips. ... The Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts is the executive magistrate of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. ... May 16 is the 136th day of the year (137th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events February 13 - Massacre of Glencoe March 1 - The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony with the charging of three women with witchcraft. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... Events February 6 - The colony Quilombo dos Palmares is destroyed. ... Simon Bradstreet (March 18, 1603–March 27, 1697) was a colonial magistrate, businessman and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. ... William Stoughton (30 September 1631 – 7 July 1701) acted as judge and prosecutor during the Salem Witch Trials. ... is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events January 1 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. ... Woolwich is a town located in Sagadahoc County, Maine. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem No official anthem - the United Kingdom anthem God Save the Queen is commonly used England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Unified  -  by Athelstan 927 AD  Area  -  Total 130... is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Events January 1 - Charles II crowned King of Scotland in Scone. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... Official language(s) English Capital Boston Largest city Boston Area  Ranked 44th  - Total 10,555 sq mi (27,360 km²)  - Width 183 miles (295 km)  - Length 113 miles (182 km)  - % water 13. ...

Contents

Military career

Phips was born at Woolwich, Maine, near the mouth of the Kennebec River, the twenty-sixth child in his family. He was a poor shepherd until he was eighteen, and then a ship carpenter's apprentice in Maine for four years. [1] He worked at his trade in Boston, Massachusetts for a year where he learned to read and write. With his wife's property he established a shipyard on the Sheepscot river in Maine, but soon abandoned it because of clashes with the Native Americans, in which the settlement was burned to ground after everyone escaped in a ship that had been built. In 1684-1686, with a commission from the British Crown, he searched vainly for a wrecked Spanish treasure ship of which he had heard while on a voyage to the Bahamas; he found this vessel in 1687, and from it recovered £300,000. Woolwich is a town located in Sagadahoc County, Maine. ... The course of the Kennebec River The Kennebec River is a river, 150 mi (240 km) long, in the state of Maine in the northeastern United States. ... Nickname: Location in Massachusetts, USA Coordinates: , Country United States State Massachusetts County Suffolk County Settled 1630 Incorporated (city) 1822 Government  - Governor Deval Patrick (D) Area  - City  89. ... Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ...


Of this amount much went to the Duke of Albemarle, who had fitted out the second expedition. Phips received £16,000 as his share, was knighted by James II, and was appointed sheriff of New England under Sir Edmund Andros. Poorly educated and ignorant of law, Phips could accomplish little, and returned to England. In 1689 he returned to Massachusetts, found a revolutionary government in control, and at once entered into the life of the colony. George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle by Sir Peter Lely, painted 1665–1666. ... James II of England (also known as James VII of Scotland; 14 October 1633 – 16 September 1701) became King of England, King of Scots, and King of Ireland on 6 February 1685, and Duke of Normandy on 31 December 1660. ... This article is about the region in the United States of America. ... Sir Edmund Andros Sir Edmund Andros (December 6, 1637 - February 24, 1714), was an early colonial governor in North America, and head of the short-lived Dominion of New England. ... Events Louis XIV of France passed the Code Noir, allowing the full use of slaves in the French colonies. ...


He joined Cotton Mather's, North Church in Boston, and was appointed by the General Court commander of an expedition against the French in Canada. The expedition sailed in April of 1690 and captured Port Royal, Nova Scotia. A much larger expedition led by Phips in July against Quebec and Montreal ended disastrously. Phips generously bought at their par value, in order to give them credit in the colony, many of the colony's bills issued to pay for the expedition. Cotton Mather (February 12, 1663 – February 13, 1728). ... Port Royal is a small rural community in the western part of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. ... Motto: Je me souviens (French: I remember) Capital Quebec City Largest city Montreal Official languages French Government - Lieutenant-Governor Pierre Duchesne - Premier Jean Charest (PLQ) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament - House seats 75 - Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area  Ranked 2nd - Total 1,542,056 km² (595... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (in unity, prosperity) Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Quebec Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - City 365. ... Combatants England France Commanders William Phips Louis de Buade de Frontenac Strength 2,300 regulars and militia 60 natives 6 field guns 34 warships 2,000 militia Casualties 30 dead 50 wounded Unknown The Battle of Quebec was fought in October, 1690 between English and French forces. ...


England

In the winter of 1690 he returned to England, vainly sought aid for another expedition against Canada, and urged, with Increase Mather, the colonial agent, a restoration of the colony's charter, annulled during the reign of Charles II. The Crown, at the suggestion of Mather, appointed him the first royal governor under the new charter. Events Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiters atmosphere. ... The Reverend Increase Mather (June 21, 1639 — August 23, 1723) was a major figure in the early history of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and Province of Massachusetts Bay (now the Federal state of Massachusetts). ... Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) was the King of England, Scotland, and Ireland. ...


Salem witch trials

On reaching Boston in May 1692, Phips found the colony in a disordered condition, and though honest, persevering and disinclined to further his own interests at the expense of the people, he was unfit for the difficult position. He appointed a special commission to try the witchcraft cases, but did nothing to stop the witchcraft mania, and suspended the sittings of the court only after great atrocities had been committed. 1876 illustration of the courtroom; the central figure is usually identified as Mary Walcott The Salem witch trials, which began in 1692 (also known as the Salem witch hunt and the Salem witchcraft episode), resulted in a number of convictions and executions for witchcraft in both Salem Village and Salem...


In defending the frontier he displayed great energy, but his policy of building forts was expensive and therefore unpopular. Having the manners of a 17th-century sea captain, he became involved in many quarrels, and engaged in a bitter controversy with Governor Benjamin Fletcher of New York. Numerous complaints to the home government resulted in his being summoned to England to answer charges. Benjamin Fletcher (1640-1703) was colonial governor of New York from 1692 to 1697. ... NY redirects here. ...


While in London awaiting trial, he died on February 18, 1695. He was buried in London in the yard of the Church of St. Mary Woolnoth. This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... February 18 is the 49th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ...


References

Sir William Phips in later life
Sir William Phips in later life

See Cotton Mather's Life of His Excellency Sir William Phips (London, 1697; republished in his Magnalia Christi Americana in 1702); Francis Bowen's "Life of Sir William Phips," in Jared Sparks's American Biography, 1st series, vol. vii. (New York, 1856); William Goold's "Sir William Phips," in Collections of the Maine Historical Society, series I, vol. ix. (Portland, 1887); Ernest Myrand's Sir William Phipps--devant Quebec (Quebec, 1893); Thomas Hutchinson's History of Massachusetts (2 vols, Boston; 3rd ed., 1795); and JG Palfrey's History of New England (5 vols., Boston, 1858-1890). Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Magnalia Christi Americana is a book written in 1702 by Cotton Mather. ... Francis Bowen (September 8, 1811 - January 22, 1890), was an American philosophical writer and educationalist. ... Jared Sparks (10 May 1789 - 14 March 1866) was a U.S. historian, educator, Unitarian minister, and president of Harvard University. ... Thomas Hutchinson (September 9, 1711 – June 3, 1780) was the American colonial governor of Massachusetts from 1771 to 1774 and a prominent Loyalist in the years before the American Revolutionary War. ... John Gorham Palfrey (May 2, 1796 - April 26, 1881), American historian, was born in Boston, Massachusetts. ...


External links

  • Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online
  • official Massachusetts Governor biography

References

  1. ^ Nash, Gary B. and Julie Roy Jeffrey. The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society. 5th ed. New York: Longman. 2001. 87.
  • This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.
Preceded by
Simon Bradstreet		 Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
May 16, 1692 - November 17, 1694		 Succeeded by
William Stoughton
v • d • e
Governors of Massachusetts
Colony Endecott • Winthrop • T. Dudley • Haynes • Vane • Winthrop • T. Dudley • Bellingham • Winthrop • Endecott • T. Dudley • Winthrop • Endecott • T. Dudley • Endecott • Bellingham • Endecott • Bellingham • Leverett • Bradstreet
Dominion J. Dudley • Andros • Bradstreet
Province W. Phips • Stoughton* • Coote • Stoughton* • Governor's Council* • J. Dudley • Governor's Council* • J. Dudley • Tailer* • Shute • Dummer* • Burnet • Dummer* • Tailer* • Belcher • Shirley • S. Phips* • Shirley • S. Phips* • Governor's Council* • Pownall • Hutchinson* • Bernard • Hutchinson • Gage
Commonwealth Hancock • Cushing* • Bowdoin • Hancock • Adams • Sumner • Gill* • Governor's Council* • Strong • Sullivan • Lincoln, Sr.* • Gore • Gerry • Strong • Brooks • Eustis • Morton* • Lincoln, Jr. • Davis • Armstrong* • Everett • Morton • Davis • Morton • Briggs • Boutwell • Clifford • E. Washburn • Gardner • Banks • Andrew • Bullock • Claflin • W. Washburn • Talbot* • Gaston • Rice • Talbot • Long • Butler • Robinson • Ames • Brackett • Russell • Greenhalge • Wolcott • Crane • Bates • Douglas • Guild • Draper • Foss • Walsh • McCall • Coolidge • Cox • Fuller • Allen • Ely • Curley • Hurley • Saltonstall • Tobin • Bradford • Dever • Herter • Furcolo • Volpe • Peabody • Volpe • Sargent • Dukakis • King • Dukakis • Weld • Cellucci • Swift* • Romney • Patrick
* denotes acting


 

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