Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (b. 1917, Silvanópolis, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil; d. July 28, 1998, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais) was a Brazilian physician and physiologist, a co-discoverer of bradykinin. 1917 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Minas Gerais is one of the states of Brazil, the second most populous in the federation. ... July 28 is the 209th day (210th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 156 days remaining. ... 1998 is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Belo Horizonte (a Portuguese name meaning beautiful horizon) is among the most important cities in Brazil. ... Bradykinin is a physiologically and pharmacologically active peptide of the kinin group of proteins, consisting of nine amino acids. ...

Beraldo graduated in medicine in 1942, having studied at the Federal University of Minas Gerais. He was also associate professor of physiology of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, and full professor and chairman of physiology of the Faculty of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (1962). Beraldo was also a fellow of the Rockefeller Foundation (1949) and of the British Council (1954), a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. Medicine is a branch of health science concerned with maintaining health and restoring it by treating disease. ... The University of São Paulo (Universidade de São Paulo, USP) is one of the three public universities funded by the State of São Paulo. ... The Rockefeller Foundation is a charitable organization that operates out of New York City. ... The British Council is a partly UK Government_funded cultural relations organisation and a registered charity in the UK. It aims to build mutually beneficial cultural and educational relationships between people in the UK and in other countries, and increase appreciation of the UKs creative ideas and achievements. ...

As a scientific leader, Beraldo was very important for the development of physiology in Brazil, and of the scientific establishment in general. He was a founding member of the Brazilian Association for Advancement of Science and its honorary president, of the Brazilian Society of Physiology

While in São Paulo, Beraldo was part of the pharmacological research team of the Instituto Biológico de São Paulo (Biological Institute of São Paulo), led by Dr. Maurício Rocha e Silva, which, in 1949, discovered bradykinin, a new autopharmacological principle which was released in the blood by the snake venom of the jararaca (lancehead), Bothrops jararaca. Beraldo had also an important role in demonstrating that urinary kallikrein is of renal origin and not pancreatic, as it was thought, and that its oxytocic activity is a direct action, rather than through the intermediate formation of kinins. Landmark buildings Edifício Italia (at left) and Copan (curved façade at center), in São Paulo Downtown. ... Maurício Oscar da Rocha e Silva (b. ... Bradykinin is a physiologically and pharmacologically active peptide of the kinin group of proteins, consisting of nine amino acids. ... Superfamilies and Families Henophidia Aniliidae Anomochilidae Boidae Bolyeriidae Cylindrophiidae Loxocemidae Pythonidae Tropidophiidae Uropeltidae Xenopeltidae Typhlopoidea Anomalepididae Leptotyphlopidae Typhlopidae Xenophidia Acrochordidae Atractaspididae Colubridae Elapidae Hydrophiidae Viperidae Snakes are cold blooded legless reptiles closely related to lizards, which share the order Squamata. ... Venom - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... The kinin-kallikrein system or simply kinin system is a poorly delineated system of blood proteins that plays a role in inflammation, blood pressure control, coagulation and pain. ... Kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed The kidneys are bean-shaped excretory organs in vertebrates. ... The pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ that serves two functions: exocrine - it produces pancreatic juice containing digestive enzymes endocrine - it produces several important hormones Anatomy The pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ located posterior to the stomach on the posterior abdominal wall. ... Oxytocin is a nine amino acid peptide hormone synthesized in magnocellular neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. ...

Bibliography

• Beraldo, W.T. and Andrade, S.P.: Discovery of bradykinin and the kallikrein-kinin system. In: The Kinin System. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1997.
• Beraldo WT, Siqueira G, Heneine IF. Kallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor in rats. Acta Physiol Lat Am. 1974;24(5):460-3.
• Rocha e Silva M, Beraldo WT, Rosenfeld G. Bradykinin, a hypotensive and smooth muscle stimulating factor released from plasma globulin by snake venoms and by trypsin. Am J Physiol.. 1949;156:261-273.

External links

• Wilson Teixeira Beraldo (http://www.canalciencia.ibict.br/notaveis/resumo.php?id=63). Biography (In Portuguese)