Winchester, Virginia
Seal
Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia
Coordinates: 39°10′42″N 78°10′0″W / 39.17833, -78.16667
Country	United States
State	Virginia
Founded	1802
Government
- Mayor	Elizabeth Minor
Area
- City	9.3 sq mi (24.2 km²)
- Land	9.3 sq mi (24.2 km²)
- Water	0 sq mi (0 km²)
Elevation	725 ft (221 m)
Population (2005)
- City	25,119
- Density	2,526.7/sq mi (976.0/km²)
Time zone	EST (UTC-5)
- Summer (DST)	EDT (UTC-4)
Area code(s)	540
FIPS code	51-86720GR2
GNIS feature ID	1498552GR3
Website: http://www.winchesterva.gov/

Winchester is an independent city located in the state of Virginia. The population was 23,585 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Frederick County. It is also the principal city of and is included in the Winchester, Virginia-West Virginia (part) Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Winchester with surrounding Frederick county for statistical purposes. Winchester is the home of Shenandoah University. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 400 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (683 × 1024 pixel, file size: 576 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) View up Loudoun Street in Winchester, Virginia. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Adapted from Wikipedias VA county maps by Seth Ilys. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... 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This article is about the U.S. state. ... 2000 US Census logo The Twenty-Second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... A county seat is a term for an administrative center for a county, primarily used in the United States. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1743 Seat Winchester Area  - Total  - Water 1,076 km² (416 mi²) 3 km² (1 mi²) 0. ... Official language(s) English Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Area  Ranked 41st  - Total 24,244 sq mi (62,809 km²)  - Width 130 miles (210 km)  - Length 240 miles (385 km)  - % water 0. ... In the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has produced a formal definition of metropolitan areas, which are organized around county boundaries. ... Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. 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History

Native American history

Around 1000 A.D. early native population included Cacapon, Opequon, Shawnee and Tuscarora tribes. By the Middle Ages, the natural north-south conduit of the Great Appalachian Valley made Winchester a likely place for tribal warfare as bands of Catawba, Cherokee, Delaware, Iroquois, and Shawnee marauded the valley plains for hunting grounds. The first tribe with real control of the valley were the Susquehannocks, who were then raided and expelled by Iroquois around 1600. Supposedly the Iroquois allowed the Shawnee tribe to either village or establish transient campsites here at Shawnee Springs from about 1694 to the mid-1700s, overlapping with the arrival of early Quaker settlers and homesteaders. The father of the historical Shawnee chief Cornstalk had his court here. The Great Valley, also called the Great Appalachian Valley or Great Valley Region, is one of the major landform features of eastern North America. ... This article is about the Native American tribe. ... Cornstalk (1720?–November 10, 1777) was a prominent leader of the Shawnee people in the era of the American Revolution. ...

European exploration

French Jesuit expeditions first entered the valley as early as 1606 resulting in a crude map drawn in 1632 by Samuel Champlain, but the first confirmed exploration of the northern valley was by explorer John Lederer who viewed the valley from the current Fauquier and Warren County line on 26 August 1670. This was followed by more extensive exploration and mapping by Swiss explorer Louise Michel in 1705 and then Governor Alexander Spotswood in 1716. Alexander Spotswood c. ...

In the late 1720s Governor William Gooch promoted settlement by issuing large land grants and, subsequently Robert Carter, manager of the Lord Fairfax proprietorship, acquired 200,000 acres (800 km²). This combination of events directly precipitated an inrush of settlers from Pennsylvania and New York, made up of a blend of Quakers and various German and Scots-Irish homesteaders. William Gooch (21 October 1681-17 December 1751) born in Yarmouth, England; died in London; served as Governor of Virginia from 1727 through 1749. ... Scots-Irish (also called Ulster Scots) is a Scottish ethnic group that historically resided in Ireland which ultimately traces its roots back to settlers from Scotland, and to a lesser extent, England. ...

European settlement

The settlement of Winchester began as early as 1729, when Quakers like Abraham Hollingsworth migrated up the Great Valley along the Indian Path (later known as the Great Wagon Road) from Pennsylvania and began to homestead on old Shawnee campgrounds. The first German settler appears to be Jost Hite in 1732, who brought ten other families including some Scots-Irish. Though an Anglican colony, Governor William Gooch had a tolerant policy on religion, and throughout Virginia, the availability of land grants brought in many religious families, often given 50 acre plots through the sponsorship of fellow religious grant purchasers and speculators. As a result, the Winchester area became home to some of the oldest Presbyterian, Quaker, Lutheran and Anglican churches in the valley. The first Lutheran worship was established by Rev. John Casper Stoever Jr., and Alexander Ross established Hopewell Meeting for the Quakers. By 1736, the Opequon Presbyterian Church in Kernstown was built. A legal fight erupted in 1735 when Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax, came to Virginia to claim his land grant, which included "all the land in Virginia between the Rappahannock and the Potomac rivers", an old grant from King Charles II, and which overlapped and included Frederick county. The Great Wagon Road, which ran from Pennsylvania to Georgia, was one of the most heavily traveled major routes for settlers in all America. ... William Gooch (21 October 1681-17 December 1751) born in Yarmouth, England; died in London; served as Governor of Virginia from 1727 through 1749. ... Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron was born in 1692 at Leeds Castle in Kent, England and died at his seat at Greenway Court near White Post in Clarke County, Virginia on December 12, 1781. ...

Founding of Winchester

By 1738 these settlements became known as Frederick Town making it the oldest town west of the Appalachian Mountains. The county of Frederick was then carved out of Orange County, and the first government was created comprised of a County Court, as well as the Anglican Frederick Parish (for purposes of tax collection). Colonel James Wood, an immigrant from Winchester, England, was the first court clerk, laid out 26 half-acre (2,000 m²) lots around 1741, and constructed his own residence, Glen Burnie. Finally, the County Court held its first session in 11 November 1743, where James Wood served until 1760. Lord Fairfax, understanding that possession is 9/10ths of the law, built a home here (in present-day Clarke County) in 1748. By 1750 the Virginia House of Burgesses granted the fourth city charter in Virginia to Winchester as Frederick Town was now re-named after Colonel Wood's birthplace of the old Norman capital of England, Winchester. In 1754, Abraham Hollingsworth built the local residence called Abram's Delight, which served as the first local Quaker Meeting house. George Washington spent a good portion of his young life in Winchester helping survey the Fairfax land grant for Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax, as well as performing surveying work for Colonel Wood. In 1758 Colonel Wood added 158 lots to the west side of town, and then Thomas Fairfax contributed 173 more lots to the south and east. The Appalachian Mountains are a system of North American mountains running from Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada to Alabama in the United States, although the northernmost mainland portion ends at the Gaspe Peninsula of Quebec. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1743 Seat Winchester Area  - Total  - Water 1,076 km² (416 mi²) 3 km² (1 mi²) 0. ... Winchester is a historic city in southern England, with a population of around 40,000 within a 3 mile radius of its centre. ... George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)[1] led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and in 1789 was elected the first President of the United States of America. ...

French & Indian War

Colonel George Washington

General Edward Braddock's expeditionary march to Fort Duquesne crossed through this area in 1755 on the way to Fort Cumberland. George Washington, knowing the area well from his position as a surveyor for Lord Fairfax, accompanied General Braddock as his aide-de-camp. Resident Daniel Morgan also joined Braddock's Army on their march to Pennsylvania as a wagoner. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... General Edward Braddock General Edward Braddock (1695?– July 13, 1755) was a British soldier and commander-in-chief for North America during the actions at the start of the French and Indian War. ... Combatants France Indian Tribes Britain Commanders Liénard de Beaujeu † Jean-Daniel Dumas Charles de Langlade Edward Braddock † Strength 600 natives, 105 regulars, 147 militia 1,459 regulars and militia Casualties 23 killed, 16 wounded 456 killed, 521 wounded The Braddock expedition (also called Braddocks campaign) was a failed... 19th century illustration of Fort Duquesne, by Alfred Waud. ...

In 1756, on land granted by James Wood, Colonel George Washington designed and began constructing Fort Loudoun, which ultimately covered almost one acre (0.955-acre)in present-day downtown Winchester on North Loudoun Street. Fort Loudoun was occupied and manned with guns until the start of the Revolutionary War. During this era, a jail was built in Winchester, which occasionally held Quakers from many parts of Virginia who protested the French and Indian War and refused to pay taxes to the Anglican parish. While their cousins in Pennsylvania dominated political control, Virginia was an Anglican colony, and pacifism was not as well tolerated. Strong pacifism from Quakers combined with strong Virginia support during both this war and the next, led to long term stifling of Quaker population, causing Winchester to become more of a Quaker gateway to places further in the mid-west, until the Quaker population was a small minority by the mid 1800s.

During the war, in 1758, and at the age of 26, Colonel George Washington was elected as the representative of Frederick County to the House of Burgesses. Daniel Morgan later served as a ranger protecting the borderlands of Virginia against Indian raids, returning to Winchester in 1759. Following the war, from 1763 to 1774 Daniel Morgan served in Captain Ashby's company and defended Virginia against Pontiac's Conspiracy and Shawnee Indians in the Ohio valley. Patrick Henry before the House of Burgesses in an 1851 painting by Peter F. Rothermel The Virginia House of Burgesses formed, the first legislative body in colonial America. ...

Revolutionary War

Colonel Daniel Morgan

During the Revolutionary War, the Virginia House of Burgesses chose local resident and French and Indian War veteran Daniel Morgan to raise a company of militia to support General George Washington's efforts during the Siege of Boston. The 96 men of "Morgan's Sharpshooters", led by Morgan, assembled in Winchester on 14 July 1775 and marched to Boston in 21 days. Morgan, Wood, and others also performed various duties in holding captured prisoners of war, particularly Hessian soldiers. Download high resolution version (703x858, 79 KB)Daniel Morgan (portrait by Charles Willson Peale 1741-1827) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Download high resolution version (703x858, 79 KB)Daniel Morgan (portrait by Charles Willson Peale 1741-1827) This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Combatants France First Nations allies: Algonquin Lenape Wyandot Ojibwa Ottawa Shawnee Great Britain American Colonies Iroquois Confederacy Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) Casualties 3,000 killed, wounded or captured 10,040 killed, wounded or captured The French and... Daniel Morgan (July 6, 1736 – July 6, 1802) was an American pioneer, soldier, and United States Representative from Virginia. ...

Hessian soldiers were known for walking to the high ridge north and west of town and purchasing and eating apple pies from the Quakers. Thus, this ridge west of town became affectionately known as Apple Pie Ridge and the Ridge Road built before 1709 leading north from town was renamed Apple Pie Ridge Road. The local farmers found new business booming in feeding the Virginia Militia and fledgling volunteer American army, a task for which the town and valley would later be punished during the American Civil War. Following the war, the town's first newspapers, The Gazette and The Centinel, were established, and Daniel Morgan later served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives between 1797 and 1799. White Hall is a farming community in northern Frederick County, Virginia established in the late 1810s and located near the crossroads of Apple Pie Ridge Road (VA 739) with Green Spring and White Hall (VA 671) Roads, astride Apple Pie Ridge (922 feet/281 meters). ...

Civil War history

Main article: Winchester in the Civil War

Winchester and the surrounding area were the site of numerous fights during the American Civil War as both contending armies strove to control that portion of the Shenandoah Valley. Seven major battlefields are within the extent of the original Frederick County: Entry of General Banks Division, May, 1862 The city of Winchester, Virginia, and the surrounding area were the site of numerous fights during the American Civil War as both contending armies strove to control that portion of the Shenandoah Valley. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Canoeing on the Shenandoah River near Winchester, VA. The Shenandoah Valley region of western Virginia, from Winchester to Staunton, is bounded by the Blue Ridge mountains to the East and the Allegheny mountains to the West. ...

Within the City of Winchester:

• The First Battle of Kernstown, March 23, 1862
• The First Battle of Winchester, May 25, 1862
• The Second Battle of Winchester, June 13–15, 1863
• The Second Battle of Kernstown, July 24, 1864
• The Third Battle of Winchester, September 19, 1864

Nearby the City of Winchester: First Battle of Kernstown Conflict American Civil War Date March 23, 1862 Place Frederick County and Winchester, Virgina Result Union victory The First Battle of Kernstown took place on March 23, 1862 in Frederick County and Winchester, Virgina as part of Confederate Army General Thomas J. Jacksons Campaign through... is the 82nd day of the year (83rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about 1862 . ... First Battle of Winchester Conflict American Civil War Date May 25, 1862 Place Frederick County and Winchester Result Confederate victory The First Battle of Winchester was a battle of the American Civil War that took place on May 25, 1862 in and around Frederick County, Virginia and Winchester, Virginia. ... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about 1862 . ... Battle of Winchester II Conflict American Civil War Date June 13-15, 1863 Place Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Second Battle of Winchester took place from June 13– 15, 1863, in Frederick County and Winchester, Virginia, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign of the American... The Second Battle of Kernstown was fought on July 24, 1864, outside Winchester, Virginia, as part of the Valley Campaigns of 1864 in the American Civil War. ... is the 205th day of the year (206th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... The Battle of Opequon, also known as the Third Battle of Winchester, was a decisive victory for the Union army during the Valley Campaigns of 1864 in the American Civil War. ... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ...

• The Battle of Berryville, September 3–4, 1864
• The Battle of Belle Grove (or Cedar Creek), October 19, 1864

Winchester was a key strategic position for the Confederate States Army during the war. It was an important operational objective in Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's and Col. Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson's defense of the Shenandoah Valley in 1861, Jackson's Valley Campaign of 1862, the Gettysburg Campaign of 1863, and the Valley Campaigns of 1864. Including minor cavalry raids and patrols, and occasional reconnaissances by various forces, it is claimed that Winchester changed hands as many as 72 times, and 13 times in one day. Battles raged all along Main Street at different points in the war. Both Union General Sheridan and Stonewall Jackson located their headquarters just one block apart at various times. Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Colonel Joseph Thoburn Major General Joseph B. Kershaw Strength Corps Division Casualties 312 195 The Battle of Berryville was fought 3-4 September 1864 in Clarke County, Virginia. ... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders Horatio G. Wright Philip H. Sheridan Jubal A. Early Strength 31,945 21,000 Casualties 5,665 2,910 The Battle of Cedar Creek, or The Battle of Belle Grove, October 19, 1864, was one of the final, and most... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Some Confederate soldiers The Confederate States Army (CSA) was organized in February 1861 to defend the newly formed Confederate States of America from military action by the United States government. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Joseph E. Johnston Joseph Eggleston Johnston (February 3, 1807 – March 21, 1891) was a career U.S. Army officer and one of the most senior generals in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... For other uses of Stonewall Jackson, see Stonewall Jackson (disambiguation). ... Stonewall Jackson The Valley Campaign was Confederate General Thomas J. Stonewall Jacksons brilliant spring 1862 campaign through the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, during the American Civil War. ... Meade and Lee of Gettysburg Gettysburg Campaign (through July 3); cavalry movements shown with dashed lines. ... Eastern Theater operations in 1864 The Valley Campaigns of 1864 were American Civil War operations and battles that took place in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia from May to October, 1864. ... Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6, 1831 – August 5, 1888) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War. ...

Located at the north end of the upper Shenandoah Valley, Winchester was a base of operations for major Confederate invasions into the Northern United States, at times threatening the capital of Washington, D.C.. The town served as a central point for troops conducting major raids against the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and turnpike and telegraph paths along those routes and the Potomac River Valley. For instance, in 1861, Stonewall Jackson removed 56 locomotives and over 300 railroad cars, along with miles of track, from the B&O Railroad and ultimately closed down the B&O's main line for ten months. Much of the effort to transport this equipment by horse and carriage centered in Winchester. Regional definitions vary from source to source. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) was one of the oldest railroads in the United States, with an original line from the port of Baltimore, Maryland, west to the Ohio River at Wheeling and Parkersburg, West Virginia. ... Canal at Swains Lock The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, also known as the C&O Canal, operated from 1850 until 1924 parallel to the Potomac River in Maryland from Cumberland, Maryland to Washington, DC. The total length of the canal is about 184. ... The Potomac River flows into the Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States (USA). ...

During the war, Winchester suffered greatly under five major periods of Union occupation:

• The Occupation of Major General Nathaniel Banks - (March 12 to 25 May 1862, and 4 June to 2 September 1862)
• The Occupation of Major General Robert Milroy - (24 December 1862, to 15 June 1863)
• The Burning and Occupation of Major General Philip Sheridan - (19 September 1864, to 27 February 1865)
• The Occupation of Major General Winfield Scott Hancock - 27 February 1865, to 27 June 1865
• The Occupation of the First Military District of Major General John Schofield - (End of War to 26 January 1870)

During the Federal occupation of Winchester, many residents were exiled from town, personal property was stolen, citizens rendering medical assistance to wounded soldiers were shot and murdered, homes were illegally stolen, occupied and destroyed, a medical school was burned down, and the citizens of the Commonwealth were not allowed to vote on re-admittance to the Union under the reign of Major General Schofield. Major General Milroy was noted for his claim that "my will is absolute law" as he plundered Winchester, exiling women and imprisoning old men and boys. Major General Sheridan rampaged up the Valley from Winchester and destroyed "2,000 barns filled with grain and implements, not to mention other outbuildings, 70 mills filled with wheat and flour" and "numerous head of livestock," according to the Official Records. Not mentioned in the official records are the many private homes that were destroyed, and innocent women and children injured and killed. Unsurprisingly, several Winchester Unionists were noted for changing their sympathies after these occupations. Nathaniel Prentiss Banks (January 30, 1816–September 1, 1894), American politician and soldier, was born at Waltham, Massachusetts. ... is the 71st day of the year (72nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 145th day of the year (146th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about 1862 . ... is the 155th day of the year (156th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 245th day of the year (246th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about 1862 . ... Robert H. Milroy during the war Robert Huston Milroy (June 11, 1816 – March 29, 1890) was a lawyer, judge, and a Union Army general in the American Civil War, most noted for his defeat at the Second Battle of Winchester in 1863. ... is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about 1862 . ... is the 166th day of the year (167th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1863 (MDCCCLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Philip Henry Sheridan (March 6, 1831 – August 5, 1888) was a career U.S. Army officer and a Union general in the American Civil War. ... is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Winfield Scott Hancock (February 14, 1824 – February 9, 1886) was a career U.S. Army officer and the Democratic nominee for President of the United States in 1880. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ... This page may meet Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ... Portrait of John Schofield during the Civil War John McAllister Schofield (September 29, 1831 – March 4, 1906) was an American soldier who held major commands during the Civil War. ... is the 26th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1870 (MDCCCLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... The Official Records of the American Civil War or often more simply the Official Records or ORs, constitute a unique, authentic, and comprehensive collection of first-hand accounts, orders, reports, and correspondence drawn from War and Navy Department records of both Confederate and Union governments during the American Civil War. ...

In spite of Winchester's wartime hardships, a few residents made great contributions to the Confederate cause, such as Dr. Hunter McGuire, Chief Surgeon of the Second "Jackson's" Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, who laid foundations for the future Geneva conventions regarding the treatment of medical doctors during warfare. Winchester served as a major center for Confederate medical operations, particularly after the Battle of Sharpsburg in 1862 and the Battle of Gettysburg in 1863, and set the stage for advancements in the practice of medicine, internationally and during combat operations. Dr. Hunter Holmes McGuire (1835-1900) of Virginia, noted physician and educator Hunter Holmes McGuire, M.D. (October 11, 1835-September 19, 1900) was a physician, teacher, and orator. ... The Army of Northern Virginia was the primary military force of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War in the eastern theater. ... The Geneva Conventions consist of treaties formulated in Geneva, Switzerland that set the standards for international law for humanitarian concerns. ... Combatants United States of America Confederate States of America Commanders George B. McClellan Robert E. Lee Strength 87,000 45,000 Casualties 12,401 (2,108 killed, 9,540 wounded, 753 captured/missing) 10,316 (1,546 killed, 7,752 wounded, 1,018 captured/missing) The Battle of Antietam (also... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America Commanders George G. Meade Robert E. Lee Strength 93,921[1] 71,699[2] Casualties 23,055 (3,155 killed, 14,531 wounded, 5,369 captured/missing)[1] 23,231 (4,708 killed, 12,693 wounded, 5,830 captured/missing...

Among those who took part in battles at Winchester were future U.S. presidents McKinley and Hayes, who both were officers in the Union IX Corps. This article is about the 25th President of the United States; for other people named William McKinley, see William McKinley (disambiguation). ... Rutherford Birchard Hayes (October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American politician, lawyer, military leader and the nineteenth President of the United States (1877–1881). ... IX Corps (Ninth Corps) was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War that distinguished itself in combat in multiple theaters: the Carolinas, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississippi. ...

Today, Winchester provides a wealth of exploration and tourism for Civil War enthusiasts. Many remains of Civil War era forts are scattered around town, such as the remains of:

• Fort Jackson - (aka Fort Garibaldi, Main Fort, Fort Milroy, Battery No.2)
• Fort Alabama - (aka Star Fort, Battery No.3)
• Fort Collier - (aka Battery No.10)
• Louisiana Heights - (aka the combination of West Fort or Battery No.5 and Battery No. 6)
• Bower's Hill - (aka Battery No.1)

Jubal Early Drive snakes around south of downtown Winchester, along the central location for many of the battles.

20th century history

Winchester was the first city south of the Potomac River to install electric light. The Potomac River flows into the Chesapeake Bay, located along the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States (USA). ...

Winchester is the location of the bi-annual N-SSA national competition keeping the tradition of Civil War era firearms alive. The North-South Skirmish Association is an organization based mainly on the east coast of the United States; its goal is to keep alive the tradition of Civil War Era firearms and weapons. ...

Winchester was the home town of legendary country/pop music icon Patsy Cline. Patsy Cline (b. ...

Geography

Winchester is located at 39°10′42″N, 78°10′0″W (39.178355, -78.166771).^GR1 It is in the Shenandoah Valley, between the Blue Ridge and the Appalachian Mountains. Canoeing on the Shenandoah River near Winchester, VA. The Shenandoah Valley region of western Virginia, from Winchester to Staunton, is bounded by the Blue Ridge mountains to the East and the Allegheny mountains to the West. ... Blue Ridge Mountains, Shining Rock Wilderness Area Appalachian Mountain system The Blue Ridge is a mountain chain in the eastern United States, part of the Appalachian Mountains, forming their eastern front from Georgia to Pennsylvania. ... Appalachians in North Carolina The Appalachian Mountains (French: les Appalaches) are a vast system of mountains in eastern North America. ...

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 24.2 km² (9.3 mi²), all land. The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census as defined in Title ) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ...

Demographics

As of the census^GR2 of 2000, there were 23,585 people, 10,001 households, and 5,650 families residing in the city. The population density was 976.0/km² (2,526.7/mi²). There were 10,587 housing units at an average density of 438.1/km² (1,134.2/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 82.06% White, 10.47% African American, 0.24% Native American, 1.59% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 3.46% from other races, and 2.14% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.47% of the population. Image:1870 census Lindauer Weber 01. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... It has been suggested that Ethnicity (United States Census) be merged into this article or section. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ... The United States Census Bureau uses the federal governments definitions of race when performing a census. ...

There were 10,001 households out of which 25.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.5% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.5% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.93. The United States Census of year 2000, conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13. ... Marriage is an interpersonal relationship with governmental, social, or religious recognition, usually intimate and sexual, and often created as a contract, or through civil process. ...

In the city the population was spread out with 21.7% under the age of 18, 13.1% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $34,335, and the median income for a family was $44,675. Males had a median income of $30,013 versus $24,857 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,500. About 8.1% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over. The per capita income for a group of people may be defined as their total personal income, divided by the total population. ... Map of countries showing percentage of population who have an income below the national poverty line The poverty line is the level of income below which one cannot afford to purchase all the resources one requires to live. ...

Sites on the National Register of Historic Places

U.S. Highway 522 is a spur of U.S. Highway 22. ... United States Highway 11 is a north-south United States highway. ... United States Highway 50 is an east-west United States highway. ... Categories: Road stubs | United States Highway system | U.S. Highways in Florida ...

Gallery

Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 947 KB) Summary Photo Of Winchester Virginias City Hall. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (2304x1728, 693 KB) Summary This is a photo of Winchester, Va taken by Chris Moats(me) from the top of the old Hospital in Winchester. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2304 × 1728 pixel, file size: 1. ...

Interesting facts

Winchester is the location of the annual Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival, which has existed since 1924 and draws approximately 250,000 visitors to the area. The festival includes a carnival, the longest fireman's parade and the third longest grand feature parade in the U.S., several dances and parties, and a coronation where the Apple Blossom Queen is crowned. Local school systems and many businesses close the Friday of Apple Blossom weekend. The Shenandoah Apple Blossom festival is known for its many guest celebrities. ...

Winchester is home to the Winchester Royals of the Valley Baseball League. The Winchester Royals are a team in the northern division of the Valley Baseball League. ... The Valley Baseball League is an NCAA sanctioned baseball league in the Shenandoah Valley region of Virginia. ...

Winchester has more than 20 different "artistic" apples that are made of various materials including wood, rubber pipe, plaster, and paint. These apples were created in 2005 by occupants of the city, and were placed at a specific location at the artists' request after being auctioned of. For example, a bright red apple with a large stethoscope attached to it was placed beside a much-used entrance to the Winchester Medical Center.

The Winchester Medical Center was recently rated as one of the top 100 best hospitals in the U.S by Solucient. The Medical School is the oldest in Virginia. The first public school was also in Winchester.

Sister Cities

Winchester's sister city is Winchester, England, where the Virginia town gets its namesake. Winchester Cathedral as seen from the Cathedral Close Arms of Winchester City Council Winchester is a city in southern England, and the administrative capital of the county of Hampshire, with a population of around 35,000. ...

Famous Residents

• Patsy Cline, (1932–1963) country/pop music vocalist/icon
• Mark McFarland, NASCAR driver
• Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd, pioneering polar explorer
• Brigadier General James Wood, governor of Virginia, son of the founder of Winchester
• President and Lieutenant General George Washington, surveyor of the Fairfax Landgrant, first elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses from Winchester
• Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron, buried in Winchester
• Representative and Major General Daniel Morgan, Major General of the Virginia Milita in the Revolutionary War, buried at Mount Hebron Cemetery
• Lieutenant General Thomas J. Stonewall Jackson, while commanding the Valley District of the Army of Northern Virginia from Oct 1861–Dec 1862
• Mary Charlston Greenhow Lee, American Civil War diarist exiled by Gen. Philip Sheridan
• Willa Cather, Pulitzer Prize-winning novelist
• Brigadier General Turner Ashby, Confederate cavalry commander buried in Stonewall Cemetery
• Spotswood Poles, accomplished baseball player in the precursor to the Negro Leagues
• John Kirby, jazz musician in the Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame
• U.S. Solicitor General Holmes Conrad, under President Cleveland and Confederate cavalry Major in the American Civil War
• Hunter McGuire, M.D. (1835-1900), Chief Surgeon of the Second "Jackson's" Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia, famous for sparking the Confederate policy of returning captured Union surgeons in the American Civil War
• Senator and Commissioner James Murray Mason, grandson of George Mason and Commissioner of the Confederate States to Great Britain and France
• Betsy Pruitt founder of the first BirthMothers Day in 1998, in memory of her daughter, Lauren Elizabeth Olinger
• Joe Bageant, author, essayist, and blogger, (1946-)
• Devon McTavish, professional soccer player, plays for DC United
• Barton Chasler, Former Temple University Place Kicker, finshed career with WV Wesleyan as Number 16 punter in Nation.

Patsy Cline (b. ... Mark McFarland (b. ... Rear Admiral Richard Evelyn Byrd, USN (October 25, 1888 – March 11, 1957) was an pioneering polar explorer and famous aviator. ... James Wood (1747 - 1813) was a U.S. soldier and political figure. ... George Washington (February 22, 1732 – December 14, 1799)[1] led Americas Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), and in 1789 was elected the first President of the United States of America. ... Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron was born in 1692 at Leeds Castle in Kent, England and died at his seat at Greenway Court near White Post in Clarke County, Virginia on December 12, 1781. ... Daniel Morgan (July 6, 1736 – July 6, 1802) was an American pioneer, soldier, and United States Representative from Virginia. ... For other uses of Stonewall Jackson, see Stonewall Jackson (disambiguation). ... Turner Ashby (October 23, 1828 - June 6, 1862) was a Confederate cavalry commander, enlisting at rank of Capitan, then attaining rank of Colonel, and finally the rank of Brigadier General. ... Spottswood Poles (December 9, 1887 - September 12, 1962) was an American outfielder in baseballs Negro Leagues. ... Bud Fowler, the first professional black baseball player with one of his teams, Western of Keokuk, Iowa The Negro Leagues were American professional baseball leagues comprising predominantly African-American teams. ... John Kirby(born December 31, 1908 in Winchester, Virginia and died June 14, 1952 in Hollywood, California) was a jazz bassist who started with the trombome and had also played tuba. ... The Big Band and Jazz Hall of Fame is a non-profit organization founded in 1977 to promote greater awareness, knowledge, and appreciation of big band and jazz music.[1] The organization has inducted more than 200 individuals into its Hall of Fame, maintains an extensive biographical database, and aspires... Holmes Conrad was born January 31, 1840 in Winchester, Virginia. ... Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was the 22nd (1885–1889) and 24th (1893–1897) President of the United States, and the only President to serve two non-consecutive terms. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Dr. Hunter Holmes McGuire (1835-1900) of Virginia, noted physician and educator Hunter Holmes McGuire, M.D. (October 11, 1835-September 19, 1900) was a physician, teacher, and orator. ... James M. Mason James Murray Mason (November 3, 1798 - April 28, 1871) was a United States Representative and United States Senator from Virginia. ... Devon McTavish (born August 8, 1984 in Winchester, Virginia) is an American soccer player, who currently plays midfielder for D.C. United in Major League Soccer. ...

Points of interest

• Abram's Delight (1754)
• Adam Kurtz House
• Belle Grove Plantation (1797)
• Christ Church (1828)
• Douglas School (1927)
• Fair Mount (1809)
• George Washington's Office Museum (1755)
• Glen Burnie
• Handley Library (1913)
• Hexagon House (1871)
• John Handley High School (1923)
• Mount Hebron Cemetery (1844)
• Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
• Old Court House Civil War Museum (1840)
• Old Stone Church (1790)
• Old Town Winchester (1738)
• Opequon Presbyterian Church and Cemetery (1736)
• Red Lion Tavern (1783)
• Shenandoah Valley Military Academy (1764)
• Site of Historic Fort Loudoun (1756)
• Stonewall Cemetery (1866)
• Stonewall Jackson's Headquarters Museum (1861)
• Winchester National Cemetery (1866)

Belle Grove Plantation The Virginia Belle Grove Plantation is located in Middletown, Virginia. ... John Handley High School John Handley High School is a public high school located in the city of Winchester, Virginia. ... The Museum of the Shenandoah Valley, also known as the Glen Burnie Historic House and Gardens is a non-profit museum with historic house and gardens, located at 901 Amherst Street, Winchester, Virginia. ... The Colonel Lewis T. Moore house, which served as the Winchester Headquarters of Lt. ... Winchester National Cemetery is a United States National Cemetery located in the city of Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia. ...

External links

• Belle Grove Plantation
• City of Winchester
• Museum of the Shenandoah Valley
• Handley Regional Library
• Turner Ashby Camp
• Shenandoah Apple Blossom Festival
• Shenandoah Valley Area Forums
• Shenandoah Valley Town and City Info.
• TV3 Winchester (ABC Affiliate in Winchester)
• Winchester Restaurant Directory
• Winchester-Frederick County Chamber of Commerce
• Winchester Life Magazine
• WinchesterNews Online
• The Winchester Star

Coordinates: 39.178355° N 78.166771° W TV3 Winchester is an ABC affiliate serving the Winchester, Virginia area. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

	v • d • e Commonwealth of Virginia Richmond (capital)
Topics	Rivers | Governors | Colony | Rights | Homes | Colleges and universities | Counties | People Image File history File links Flag_of_Virginia. ... This article or section may be confusing or unclear for some readers, and should be edited to rectify this. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic dic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, site of first U.S. capital. ... This is a list of rivers in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... This is a list of Governors of Virginia since Virginia became a U.S. state following the American Revolutionary War. ... A map of the Colony of Virginia. ... The Virginia Declaration of Rights is a declaration by the Virginia Convention of Delegates of rights of individuals and a call for independence from Britain. ... Historic houses in Virginia is a link page for any stately home or historic house in Virginia. ... See Virginia state entry. ... The Commonwealth of Virginia is divided into 95 counties and 39 independent cities, which are considered county-equivalents for census puposes. ...
Regions	Allegheny Mountains | Atlantic Coastal Plain | Blue Ridge | Chesapeake Bay | Delmarva Peninsula | Eastern Shore | Hampton Roads | Middle Peninsula | Northern Neck | Northern Virginia | Piedmont | Ridge‑and‑valley Appalachians | Shenandoah Valley | South Hampton Roads | Southside | Southwest Virginia | Tennessee Valley | Tidewater | Tri-Cities | Virginia Peninsula This list of regions of the United States includes official (governmental) and non-official areas within the borders of the United States, not including U.S. states, the federal district of Washington, D.C. or standard subentities such as cities or counties. ... The Allegheny Mountain Range (also spelled Alleghany and Allegany) -- informally, the Alleghenies -- is part of the Appalachian Mountain Range of the eastern United States. ... The Atlantic Coastal Plain is the rather flat stretch of land that borders the Atlantic Ocean (including the Gulf of Mexico). ... Blue Ridge Mountains, Shining Rock Wilderness Area Appalachian Mountain system The Blue Ridge is a mountain chain in the eastern United States, part of the Appalachian Mountains, forming their eastern front from Georgia to Pennsylvania. ... The Chesapeake Bay - Landsat photo The Chesapeake Bay where the Susquehanna River empties into it. ... Delmarva Peninsula map The Delmarva Peninsula is a large peninsula on the East Coast of the United States, occupied by portions of three U.S. states: Delaware, Maryland, and Virginia. ... The Eastern Shore of Virginia is on the Atlantic Coast of the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... This view from space in July 1996 shows portions of each of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads which generally surround the harbor area of Hampton Roads, which framed by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel visible to the east (right), the Virginia Peninsula subregion to the north (top), and the... The Middle Peninsula is, as its name implies, the middle of three peninsulas on the western shore of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia. ... The Northern Neck is the northernmost of three peninsulas on the western shore of Chesapeake Bay in Virginia, USA. This peninsula is bounded by the Potomac River on the north and the Rappahannock River on the south. ... Map of Northern Virginia Northern Virginia (NoVA) consists of Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William counties and the independent cities of Alexandria, Falls Church, Fairfax, Manassas, and Manassas Park. ... The James River winds its way among piedmont hills in central Virginia. ... The Ridge-and-valley Appalachians are a belt within the Appalachian Mountains extending from northern New Jersey westward into Pennsylvania and southward into Maryland, West Virginia, and Virginia. ... Canoeing on the Shenandoah River near Winchester, VA. The Shenandoah Valley region of western Virginia, from Winchester to Staunton, is bounded by the Blue Ridge mountains to the East and the Allegheny mountains to the West. ... South Hampton Roads is a region located in the extreme southeastern portion of Virginia in the United States. ... Southside is the colloquial name given to a broad swath of southeastern and/or south-central Virginia, USA. The term Southside can be used in two senses: It can refer to the south side of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. ... Southwest Virginia at its greatest geographical definition Southwest Virginia is a mountainous region of Virginia in the westernmost part of the commonwealth. ... The Tennessee Valley is the drainage basin of the Tennessee River and is largely within the U.S. state of Tennessee. ... The Tidewater region of Virginia is the southeastern portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia, centered on Hampton Roads. ... The Tri-Cities of Virginia (also known as the Tri-City area or the Appomatox Basin) is an area in the Greater Richmond Region which includes the three independent cities of Petersburg, Colonial Heights, and Hopewell and portions of the adjoining counties of Chesterfield, Dinwiddie, and Prince George in south... The Virginia Peninsula is a peninsula in southeast Virginia, bounded by the York River, James River, Hampton Roads and Chesapeake Bay. ...
Metro areas	Alexandria | Arlington | Blacksburg | Bluefield | Bristol | Christiansburg | Charlottesville | Culpeper | Danville | Harrisonburg | Lynchburg | Martinsville | Newport News | Norfolk | Radford | Richmond | Roanoke | Staunton | Virginia Beach | Warrenton | Waynesboro | Winchester | Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA)s as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget as of June 2003 a List of U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) in Virginia as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget as of June, 2003. ... Map of Northern Virginia Northern Virginia (NoVA) consists of Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William counties and the independent cities of Alexandria, Falls Church, Fairfax, Manassas, and Manassas Park. ... Map of Northern Virginia Northern Virginia (NoVA) consists of Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun, and Prince William counties and the independent cities of Alexandria, Falls Church, Fairfax, Manassas, and Manassas Park. ... Blacksburgs location within Virgina Virginias location within the United States Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Montgomery Founded 1798 Government  - Mayor Ron Rordam Area  - Town  19. ... Nickname: Virginia’s Tallest Town Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Tazewell Government  - Mayor James Jones Area  - City  7. ... The Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol, TN-VA MSA is a U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB). ... Motto: Progressive Small Town Living at its Best Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Montgomery Incorporated November 10, 1792 Mayor Richard Ballengee Area    - City 36. ... Charlottesville is an independent city located within the confines of Albemarle County in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States, and named after Princess Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the wife of King George III of England. ... Culpeper is an incorporated town in Culpeper County, Virginia, United States. ... Nickname: River City, City of Churches Motto: A World Class Organization Country United States State Virginia County Independent City  - Mayor R. Wayne Williams, Jr. ... Nickname: Location in Virginia Coordinates: , County Independent City Founded 1737 Government  - Mayor Rodney Eagle[1] Area  - City 45. ... Lynchburg is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Martinsville is an independent city located within the confines of Henry County, Virginia. ... This view from space in July 1996 shows portions of each of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads which generally surround the harbor area of Hampton Roads, which framed by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel visible to the east (right), the Virginia Peninsula subregion to the north (top), and the... This view from space in July 1996 shows portions of each of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads which generally surround the harbor area of Hampton Roads, which framed by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel visible to the east (right), the Virginia Peninsula subregion to the north (top), and the... Radford is an independent city located in Virginia. ... Richmond-Petersburg is a region located in a central part of the state of Virginia in the United States. ... Nickname: Location in Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent city Government  - Mayor Nelson Harris Area  - City  43 sq mi (111. ... West Beverley Street in downtown Staunton Staunton (IPA: or STAN-tehn or STANT-en) is an independent city within the confines of Augusta County in the commonwealth of Virginia. ... This view from space in July 1996 shows portions of each of the Seven Cities of Hampton Roads which generally surround the harbor area of Hampton Roads, which framed by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel visible to the east (right), the Virginia Peninsula subregion to the north (top), and the... Street scene, Warrenton, Virginia, ca. ... Downtown Waynesboro showing Main Street, as well as the scar on the mountain prior to being seeded. ...
Counties	Accomack | Albemarle | Alleghany | Amelia | Amherst | Appomattox | Arlington | Augusta | Bath | Bedford | Bland | Botetourt | Brunswick | Buchanan | Buckingham | Campbell | Caroline | Carroll | Charles City | Charlotte | Chesterfield | Clarke | Craig | Culpeper | Cumberland | Dickenson | Dinwiddie | Essex | Fairfax | Fauquier | Floyd | Fluvanna | Franklin | Frederick | Giles | Gloucester | Goochland | Grayson | Greene | Greensville | Halifax | Hanover | Henrico | Henry | Highland | Isle of Wight | James City | King and Queen | King George | King William | Lancaster | Lee | Loudoun | Louisa | Lunenburg | Madison | Mathews | Mecklenburg | Middlesex | Montgomery | Nelson | New Kent | Northampton | Northumberland | Nottoway | Orange | Page | Patrick | Pittsylvania | Powhatan | Prince Edward | Prince George | Prince William | Pulaski | Rappahannock | Richmond | Roanoke | Rockbridge | Rockingham | Russell | Scott | Shenandoah | Smyth | Southampton | Spotsylvania | Stafford | Surry | Sussex | Tazewell | Warren | Washington | Westmoreland | Wise | Wythe | York The Commonwealth of Virginia is divided into 95 counties and 39 independent cities, which are considered county-equivalents for census puposes. ... Accomack County is a county located in the state of Virginia, USA. As of 2000, the population is 38,305. ... Albemarle County is a county located in the the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Alleghany County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Amelia County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Amherst County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Appomattox County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Arlington County is an urban county of about 203,000 residents in the Commonwealth of Virginia, in the U.S., directly across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. [1] Originally part of the District of Columbia, the land now comprising the county was retroceded to Virginia in a July... Augusta County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Bath County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Bedford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... Bland County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... Botetourt County, Virginia, from 1895 state map Botetourt County iis a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Brunswick County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Buchanan County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Buckingham County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Campbell County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Caroline County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Carroll County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1619 Seat Charles City Area  - Total  - Water 529 km² (204 mi²) 56 km² (21 mi²) 10. ... Charlotte County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Chesterfield County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1836 Seat Berryville Area  - Total  - Water 462 km² (178 mi²) 4 km² (2 mi²) 0. ... Craig County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Culpeper County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Dickenson County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Dinwiddie County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Essex County is a county located in the Middle Peninsula in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... Fairfax County is a county in Northern Virginia, in the United States. ... Fauquier County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Floyd County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Fluvanna County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Franklin County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1743 Seat Winchester Area  - Total  - Water 1,076 km² (416 mi²) 3 km² (1 mi²) 0. ... Giles County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Gloucester County is an historical Chesapeake county located on the Middle Peninsula of the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1727 Seat Goochland Area  - Total  - Water 751 km² (290 mi²) 14 km² (6 mi²) 1. ... Grayson County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Greene County is a county in central Virginia in the eastern United States. ... Greensville County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1752 Seat Halifax Area  - Total  - Water 2,149 km² (830 mi²) 27 km² (10 mi²) 1. ... Hanover County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Henrico County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... Henry County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Highland County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Isle of Wight County is a county located in the South Hampton Roads region of the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... James City County, Virginia as shown on 1895 map James City County (formally, the County of James City) is a county located on the Virginia Peninsula in the Hampton Roads region of the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... King and Queen County is a county located in the Middle Peninsula in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1720 Seat King George Area  - Total  - Water 486 km² (188 mi²) 20 km² (8 mi²) 4. ... King William County is a county located on the Middle Peninsula in the state of Virginia. ... Lancaster County is a county located on the Northern Neck in the state of Virginia. ... Lee County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Loudoun County (pronounced LOUD-un; IPA: ) is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States, and is part of the Washington Metropolitan Area. ... Louisa County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1746 Seat Lunenburg Area  - Total  - Water 1,120 km² (432 mi²) 2 km² (1 mi²) 0. ... Madison County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Mathews County is a county located on the Middle Peninsula in the state of Virginia. ... Mecklenburg County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Middlesex County is a county located on the Middle Peninsula in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... Montgomery County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Nelson County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... New Kent County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Northampton County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Northumberland County is a county located on the Northern Neck in the U.S. state of Virginia. ... Nottoway County is a county located in the state of Virginia, USA. As of 2000, the population is 15,725. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1734 Seat Orange Area  - Total  - Water 889 km² (343 mi²) 4 km² (2 mi²) 0. ... Page County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1791 Seat Stuart Area  - Total  - Water 1,258 km² (486 mi²) 7 km² (3 mi²) 0. ... Pittsylvania County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Powhatan County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Prince Edward County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed Seat Prince George Area  - Total  - Water 730 km² (282 mi²) 42 km² (16 mi²) 5. ... Prince William County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... Pulaski County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Rappahannock County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Richmond County is a county located on the Northern Neck in the state of Virginia. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Rockbridge County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1778 Seat Harrisonburg Area  - Total  - Water 2,210 km² (853 mi²) 6 km² (2 mi²) 0. ... Russell County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Scott County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Shenandoah County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1832 Seat Marion Area  - Total  - Water 1,171 km² (452 mi²) 1 km² (0 mi²) 0. ... Southampton County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... Spotsylvania County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Stafford County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Surry County is a county located in the South Hampton Roads region of the Commonwealth of Virginia, a state of the United States. ... Sussex County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed December 20, 1799 Seat Tazewell Area  - Total  - Water 1,347 km² (520 mi²) 0 km² (0 mi²) 0. ... Warren County is a county located in the U.S. state — officially, Commonwealth — of Virginia. ... Washington County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Westmoreland County is a county located in the Northern Neck of the state of Virginia. ... Wise County is a county located in the state of Virginia. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1790 Seat Wytheville Area  - Total  - Water 1,200 km² (463 mi²) 4 km² (1 mi²) 0. ... Location in the state of Virginia Formed 1634 Seat Yorktown Area  - Total  - Water 558 km² (216 mi²) 285 km² (110 mi²) 50. ...
Independent cities	Alexandria | Bedford | Bristol | Buena Vista | Charlottesville | Chesapeake | Colonial Heights | Covington | Danville | Emporia | Fairfax | Falls Church | Franklin | Fredericksburg | Galax | Hampton | Harrisonburg | Hopewell | Lexington | Lynchburg | Manassas | Manassas Park | Martinsville | Newport News | Norfolk | Norton | Petersburg | Poquoson | Portsmouth | Radford | Richmond | Roanoke | Salem | Staunton | Suffolk | Virginia Beach | Waynesboro | Williamsburg | Winchester An independent city is a city that does not form part of another general-purpose local government entity. ... Location in Virginia Coordinates: , Country State Founded 1718 Government  - Mayor William D. Euille Area  - City  15. ... Location in Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Mayor E. Thomas Messier Area    - City 17. ... Motto: A Good Place to Live Nickname: The Birthplace of Country Music Map Political Statistics County Independent city Mayor To Be Determined Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 34. ... Buena Vista, Virginia 6002 happy citizens and 3 old grouches Buena Vista, pronounced [ËŒbjunəˈvɪstÉ™] by locals, despite the correct Spanish pronunciation of [bwenaˈßista], is an independent city located within the confines of Rockbridge County in the state of Virginia. ... Charlottesville is an independent city located within the confines of Albemarle County in the Commonwealth of Virginia, United States, and named after Princess Sophia Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the wife of King George III of England. ... Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Founded 1963 Government  - Mayor Dalton S. Edge Area  - City  350. ... Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Incorporated 1948 Government  - Mayor John T. Wood Area  - City  7. ... Covington is an independent city within the confines of Alleghany County in the state of Virginia. ... Nickname: River City, City of Churches Motto: A World Class Organization Country United States State Virginia County Independent City  - Mayor R. Wayne Williams, Jr. ... Emporia is an independent city located within the confines of Greensville County in Virginia. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Founded 1805 Government  - Mayor Robert Lederer Area  - City  6. ... Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Founded 1875 Government  - Mayor Robin Gardner Area  - City  2. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City Incorporated March, 1876 Government  - Mayor James P. Councill Area  - City  8. ... Location in Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Independent City* Founded 1728 Incorporated 1781 Government  - Mayor Thomas Tomzak Area  - City  10. ... Galax is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Motto: Americas First Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: County Independent City Mayor Ross Kearney II Area    - City 352. ... Nickname: Location in Virginia Coordinates: , County Independent City Founded 1737 Government  - Mayor Rodney Eagle[1] Area  - City 45. ... Waterfront at City Point, Virginia (now Hopewell) in 1865 Hopewell is an independent city in the state of Virginia. ... Lexington is an independent city within the confines of Rockbridge County in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Lynchburg is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Manassas redirects here. ... Manassas Park is a city in Virginia. ... Martinsville is an independent city located within the confines of Henry County, Virginia. ... Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Incorporated 1896 Government  - Mayor Joe Frank Area  - City  119. ... Motto: Crescas (Latin for, Thou shalt grow. ... Norton is an independent city within the confines of Wise County in the state of Virginia. ... Nickname: Location in the State of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Independent city Founded December 17, 1748 Government  - Mayor Annie M. Mickens Area  - City  23. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent City Founded 1631 Government  - Mayor Gordon Heisel, Jr. ... Map Political Statistics Founded 1752 County Independent city Mayor Dr. James W. Holley III Geographic Statistics Area  - Total  - Land  - Water 120. ... Radford is an independent city located in Virginia. ... Nickname: Motto: Sic dic Itur Ad Astra (Thus do we reach the stars) Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent City Government  - Mayor L. Douglas Wilder (I) Area  - City 62. ... Nickname: Location in Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent city Government  - Mayor Nelson Harris Area  - City  43 sq mi (111. ... Salem is an independent city located in Virginia, bordered by the city of Roanoke and Roanoke County. ... West Beverley Street in downtown Staunton Staunton (IPA: or STAN-tehn or STANT-en) is an independent city within the confines of Augusta County in the commonwealth of Virginia. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country State County Independent City Founded 1742 Government  - Mayor Linda T. Johnson Area  - City  429. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ... Downtown Waynesboro showing Main Street, as well as the scar on the mountain prior to being seeded. ... Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia. ...
Towns	Abingdon | Blacksburg | Bluefield | Christiansburg | Culpeper | Front Royal | Herndon | Leesburg | Marion | Pulaski | Richlands | Warrenton | Wise | Wytheville | Vienna This is a complete list of towns in the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. ... Motto: Honor Pro Antiquis, Fides Pro Futuris Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: , Country United States State Virginia County Washington Founded 1776 Government  - Mayor Lois Humphreys Area  - City  8. ... Blacksburgs location within Virgina Virginias location within the United States Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Montgomery Founded 1798 Government  - Mayor Ron Rordam Area  - Town  19. ... Nickname: Virginia’s Tallest Town Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Tazewell Government  - Mayor James Jones Area  - City  7. ... Motto: Progressive Small Town Living at its Best Location in the Commonwealth of Virginia Coordinates: Country United States State Virginia County Montgomery Incorporated November 10, 1792 Mayor Richard Ballengee Area    - City 36. ... Culpeper is an incorporated town in Culpeper County, Virginia, United States. ... Front Royal is a town in Warren County, Virginia, United States. ... Coordinates: , State Virginia County Fairfax County, Virginia Settled 1858 Area  - City 4. ... Leesburg is a historic town and is the county seat of Loudoun County, Virginia, United States of America. ... Marion is a town in Smyth County, Virginia, United States. ... Pulaski is a town located in Pulaski County, Virginia. ... Richlands is a town located in Tazewell County, Virginia. ... Street scene, Warrenton, Virginia, ca. ... Wise is a town located in Wise County, Virginia. ... Wytheville is a town located in Wythe County, Virginia. ... Vienna is a town in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. ...