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A windjammer is a type of sailing ship with a large iron hull, usually used for cargo in the nineteenth century. They were the grandest of cargo sailing ships, with between three and five large masts and square sails, giving them a characteristic profile. They frequently displaced several thousand tons, and were cheaper than their wooden hulled counterparts for three main reasons: iron was stronger, and thus could enable larger ship sizes and considerable economies of scale, iron hulls took up less space and allowed for more cargo to be carried, and iron hulls were cheaper to maintain than an equivalent wooden hull. Traditional wooden cutter beating. ...
General Name, Symbol, Number iron, Fe, 26 Chemical series transition metal Group, Period, Block 8 (VIIIB), 4, d Density, Hardness 7874 kg/m3, 4. ...
A hull is the body or frame of a ship or boat. ...
Cargo is a term used to denotes goods or produce being transported generally for commercial gain, usually on a ship, plane, train or lorry. ...
Alternative meaning: Nineteenth Century (periodical) (18th century — 19th century — 20th century — more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 19th century was that century which lasted from 1801-1900 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar. ...
A mast is a pole which holds a sail of a boat, see mast (sailing). ...
A sail is a surface intended to generate thrust by being placed in a wind. ...
The word ton or tonne is derived from the Old English tunne, and ultimately from the Old French tonne, and referred originally to a large cask with a capacity of 252 wine gallons, which holds approximately 2100 pounds of water. ...
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Windjammers were only produced from the 1870s to the 1890s, as the steam engine outcompeted them economically, due to cheap coal. Steel hulls also replaced iron hulls at around the same time. The internal combustion engine forever sealed their fate. Sailing ships in general were expensive to operate, as they required a large crew and used up space for storing sails, and, like all sailing ships, depended on favorable wind conditions, making them unreliable. Companies would rather hire one crew and burn coal (offering reliability) than hire two crews (one to man each method of propulsion) and have minor savings in coal costs but retain its reliability. Events and Trends Technology Invention of the telephone (1876) and phonograph (1877) WTF Science Ludwig Boltzmanns statistical definition of thermodynamic entropy War, peace and politics Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) results in the collapse of the Second French Empire and in the formation of both the French Third Republic...
The 1890s were sometimes referred to as the Gay Nineties, under the then-current usage of the word gay which referred simply to merriment and frivolity, with no connotation of homosexuality as in current-day usage. ...
A steam engine is a heat engine that makes use of the thermal energy that exists in steam, converting it to mechanical work. ...
Coal is a fossil fuel extracted from the ground either by underground mining, open-pit mining or strip mining. ...
Steel framework Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, with carbon being the primary alloying material. ...
A colorized automobile engine An internal combustion engine is an engine that is powered by the expansion of hot combustion products of fuel directly acting within an engine. ...
Today, some aspects of a windjammer design are again appealing in light of the soaring costs of diesel fuel in shipping and the environmental impacts of burning such fuels. However, these ships would be a hybrid design, with sails lessening the fuel required by augmenting the diesel engine with sails, allowing the diesel engine to run at a more efficient rate. Though each design has drawbacks, the governments of Denmark, Germany, Japan, and the European Union have all funded research into such development projects. Using modern materials, fuel efficient designs, and modern computers, these ships could be more fuel efficient and economically feasible than modern cargo ships, and more economically viable and reliable than traditional windjammer designs. A flying kite design could also be useful for passenger ships, since they also pull the ship up and are anchored on the center of the craft, stabilizing the ship's structure, allowing it to rock back and forth less. Diesel is a product used as a fuel in a diesel engine invented by Rudolf Diesel, and perfected by Charles F. Kettering. ...
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Other Types
| Types of sailing vessels and rigs | | Bark | Barque | Barquentine | Bilander | Brig | Brig (Hermaphrodite) | Brigantine | Caravel | Carrack | Catamaran | Catboat | Clipper | Clipper (Dutch Clipper) | Cog | Cutter | Dhow | Fluyt | Fore & Aft Rig | Full Rigged Ship | Gaff Rig | Galleon | Gunter Rig | Hermaphrodite Brig | Junk | Ketch | Mersey Flat | Multihull | Nao | Norfolk Wherry | Pocket Cruiser | Proa | Schooner | Sloop | Smack | Snow | Square Rig | Tall ship | Thames Sailing Barge | Trimaran | Wherry | Wherry (Norfolk) | Windjammer | Xebec | Yacht | Yawl Wooden sailing boat Sailing is motion across a body of water in a sailing ship, or smaller boat, powered by wind. ...
In Norse mythology, see Ríg. ...
A barque, sometimes spelled bark, originally referred to a particular type of ship-rigged sailing vessel with a plain bluff bow and a full stern with windows. ...
A barque, sometimes spelled bark, originally referred to a particular type of ship-rigged sailing vessel with a plain bluff bow and a full stern with windows. ...
This article is about the ship. ...
A bilander, also spelled billander or belandre, was a small European merchant ship with two masts, used in the Netherlands for coast and canal traffic and occasionally seen in the North Sea but more frequently to be seen in the Mediterranean Sea. ...
In sailing, a brig is a vessel with two masts at least one of which is square rigged. ...
A hermaphrodite brig, or brig-schooner, is a type of two-masted sailing ship which has square sails on the foremast combined with a schooner rig on the mainmast (triangular topsail over a gaff mainsail). ...
In sailing, a brigantine is a vessel with two masts, at least one of which is square rigged. ...
A caravel is a small, highly maneuverable, three-masted ship used by the Spanish for long voyages of exploration beginning in the 15th century. ...
Categories: Stub | Ship types ...
Two Hobie catamarans, showing the typical Hobie raised platform joining the two hulls, and tall mast. ...
The occupied boats are catboats, but with a mast and boom rig A catboat (alternate spelling: cat boat), or a cat_rigged sailboat, is a sailing vessel characterized by a single mast carried well forward (, near the front of the boat). ...
For other uses, see Clipper (disambiguation). ...
While the majority of the clipper ships sailed under British and American flags, more then a hundred clippers were built in the Netherlands. ...
The earliest development seems to have been Celtic, though the cog was first noted in the Dutch city of Muiden in the 10th century. ...
For other meanings, see cutter (baseball), cutter (tool) and self-harm. ...
A dhow is a traditional boat design with one or more triangular sails, called lateens. ...
A fluyt or a flute (pronounced as flight) is a type of sailing ship originally designed as a dedicated cargo vessel. ...
A fore-and-aft rig is a sailing rig consisting mainly of sails that are set along the line of the keel rather than perpendicular to it. ...
A full rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a square rigged sailing vessel with three or more masts, all of them square rigged. ...
Gaff rig is a sailing rig in which the mainsail is a four-cornered fore-and-aft rigged sail controlled at its head by a spar called the gaff. ...
For the fictional unit of money called a galleon, see Money in Harry Potter. ...
In sailing, a gunter is a wire that leads from one end of a gaff to the other. ...
A hermaphrodite brig, or brig-schooner, is a type of two-masted sailing ship which has square sails on the foremast combined with a schooner rig on the mainmast (triangular topsail over a gaff mainsail). ...
The Junk is a Chinese sailing vessel. ...
Ketch on San Francisco Bay A ketch is a sailing craft with two masts: A main mast, and a mizzen mast aft of the main mast. ...
A Mersey flat is a two masted, doubled-ended barge with rounded bilges, carvel build and fully decked. ...
A multihull is a sailing ship with more than one hull. ...
Categories: Stub | Ship types ...
The Norfolk wherry is a black-sailed trader, type of boat on the Norfolk Broads and Suffolk Broads, now part of The Broads National Park, in Norfolk, England. ...
A Pocket Cruiser, Microcruiser or Pocket Yacht is a small sailboat with a cabin, whose length is at or under 20 feet (6 meters), with some examples as short as 10 to 12 feet in length (3 to 3. ...
A twin hulled vessel with unequal parallel hulls, superficially similar to an outrigger canoe. ...
Two-masted fishing schooner A schooner is a type of sailing ship characterized by the use of fore-and-aft sails on two or more masts. ...
Important notice: This article is about the modern civilian boat type. ...
See: To strike with an open palm, such as to smack a child. ...
This article is about snow, the merchant vessel. ...
Square rig is a generic type of sailing vessel in which the main horizontal spars are perpendicular to the keel of the ship. ...
Tall ship is a somewhat informal collective term for some kinds of sailing ships. ...
The distinctive sailing barges that were once a common sight on Londons River Thames, were commercial craft relying on sail power alone. ...
A trimaran is a multihull boat consisting of a main hull and two smaller outrigger hulls (amas), attached to the main hull with lateral struts (akas). ...
A wherry (meaning boat) is a boat used for carrying cargo on rivers and canals in England. ...
The Norfolk wherry is a black-sailed trader, type of boat on the Norfolk Broads and Suffolk Broads, now part of The Broads National Park, in Norfolk, England. ...
A xebec, also spelled xebeque, jabeque, sciabecco, zebec, chebec and chebeck, was a small, fast, three-masted (but originally two-masted) vessel of the 16th to 19th centuries used almost exclusively in the Mediterranean Sea, with a distinctive hull, which added a pronounced overhanging bow and stern, and rarely displacing...
A yacht was originally defined as a light, fast sailing vessel used to convey important persons. ...
A yawl is a two-masted sailing craft similar to a sloop or cutter but with an additional mizzen mast well aft of the main mast, often right on the transom. ...
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