NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Wing Chun

Wing Chun, occasionally romanized as Ving Tsun or "Wing Tsun" (literally "spring chant" and alternatively as "forever spring", or substituted with the character for "eternal springtime"^[1]) is a Chinese martial art that specializes in aggressive close-range combat. Wing Chun (Yong Chun) is a wuxia film made in Hong Kong in 1994. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... In violence and martial arts, Trapping refers both to a Combat Range and a type of technique to immobilize an opponent in such a way that they cannot get away and are still suceptible to very close range striking. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... Ng Mui (äº”æ¢…å¤§å¸«; pinyin: WÇ” MÃ©i DÃ ShÄ«; Yale Cantonese: Ng5 Mui4 Daai6 Si1) is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders â€” survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing Dynasty. ... Yip Man (è‘‰å• in pinyin: yÃ¨ wÃ¨n; in Jyutping: jip6 man6; alternative spelling Ip Man; also known as è‘‰ç¹¼å•; 1 October 1893-2 December 1972) was the first martial arts master (Chinese: Sifu) to teach the Chinese martial art of Wing Chun openly. ... Bruce Lee (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: ; Pinyin: LÇ XiÇŽolÃ³ng; Cantonese Yale: LÃ©ih SÃulÃ¹hng; November 27, 1940 â€“ July 20, 1973) was a Chinese-American martial artist, philosopher, instructor, and martial arts actor widely regarded as the most influential martial artist of the 20th century and a... Traditional Chinese characters refers to one of two standard sets of printed Chinese characters. ... Simplified Chinese character (Simplified Chinese: or ; traditional Chinese: or ; pinyin: or ) is one of two standard sets of Chinese characters of the contemporary Chinese written language. ... Map of eastern China and Taiwan, showing the historic distribution of Mandarin Chinese in light brown. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... This article is about all of the Cantonese (Yue) dialects. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ... Languages can be romanized in a variety of ways, as shown here with Mandarin Chinese In linguistics, romanization (or Latinization, also spelled romanisation or Latinisation) is the representation of a word or language with the Roman (Latin) alphabet, or a system for doing so, where the original word or language... WingTsunâ„¢, often shortened to WT, is a particular school of the Wing Chun style of Kung Fu developed by a student of Grandmaster Yip Man named Leung Ting. ... -1... â€œFightsâ€ redirects here. ...

The characters (永春) "forever spring" are also associated with some other southern Chinese martial arts, including Jee Shim Weng Chun (Yong Chun) and White Crane Weng Chun (Yong Chun).^[2]^[3]

History

The history of most martial arts, including Wing Chun, has historically been passed from teacher to student as an oral history rather than through written documentation, making it difficult to confirm or clarify the differing accounts of Wing Chun's creation. Some have sought to apply the methods of higher criticism to the oral histories of Wing Chun and other Chinese martial arts.^[4] Others have attempted to discern the origins of Wing Chun by determining the specific purpose of its techniques. Wing Chun starts to appear in independent third-party documentation during the era of the Wing Chun master Leung Jan, making the subsequent history of Wing Chun and its divergence into branches more amenable to documentary verification.-1... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The hundreds of different styles and schools of Chinese martial arts (ä¸åœ‹æ¦è¡“) are collectively called Kung Fu (åŠŸå¤«), Wushu (æ¦è¡“), Kuoshu (åœ‹è¡“), or Chuan Fa (æ‹³æ³•), depending on the persons or groups doing so. ... Kung fu or gongfu or gung fu (åŠŸå¤«, Pinyin: gÅngfu) is a Chinese term often used by speakers of the English language to refer to Chinese martial arts. ... WÇ”shÃ¹, in Simplified Chinese Wushu (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: wÇ”shÃ¹ ; Cantonese: mou5sÃ¶t6) literally means martial art. It is a more precise term than the widely used term kung fu, which can mean either martial art or skill: a craftsperson or artisan could be said to have... , Main gate of the Shaolin Monastery in Henan, China. ... This article is about the Wudang region of Hubei, China. ... Bodhidharma (or Tat Moh)(fl. ... Dong Haichuan (è‘£æµ·å·) was born on the 13th of October 1797 in Zhu village, Wen An County, Hebei Province, China and died on the 25th of October 1882 in Beijing. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is éœ (Huo) Huo Yuanjia (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) (c. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Wong. ... Wu Chuan-yu or Wu Quanyou å³å…¨ä½‘ (1834-1902) the founder of the Wu Style Tai Chi Chuan was from an aristocratic Manchurian family that was famous for its martial skills. ... Yang Lu-chan æ¥Šéœ²ç¦ª Yang Lu-chan or Yang Luchan, æ¥Šéœ²ç¦ª, also known as Yang Fu-kui æ¥Šç¦é (1799-1872), born in Kuang-ping (Guangping), was an influential teacher of the soft style martial art known Tai Chi Chuan in China during the second half of the... Hong Kong action cinema is the principal source of the Hong Kong film industrys global fame. ... Gun (staff) event at the 10th All China Games Wushu (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally martial arts), also known as modern wushu or contemporary wushu, is both an exhibition and a full-contact sport derived from traditional Chinese martial arts. ... WÇ”xiÃ¡ (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: , Mandarin IPA: , Cantonese Pinyin: mou5 hap6), literally meaning martial (arts) heroes, is a distinct quasi-fantasy sub-genre of the martial arts genre in literature, television and cinema. ... The history of Wing Chun, has historically been passed from teacher to student verbally rather than through documentation, making it difficult to confirm or clarify the differing accounts of Wing Chuns creation. ... For other uses, see History (disambiguation). ... Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... This article is about the historical discipline; see Oral tradition for the oral transmission of historical information. ... Historical criticism or Higher criticism is a branch of literary analysis that investigates the origins of a text: as applied in biblical studies it naturally investigates foremost the books of the Bible. ... -1... Leung Jan (æ¢è´Š) is perhaps the greatest Wing Chun kung fu practitioner that ever lived. ...

The common legend involves Yim Wing Chun (Wing Chun literally means beautiful springtime or everlasting spring). A young woman who has rebuffed the local warlord's marriage offer, and he says he'll rescind his proposal if she can beat him in a fight. She asks a local buddhist nun, Ng Mui, to teach her boxing, and the style they develop enables Yim Wing Chun to defeat the warlord and she marries her sweetheart and teaches him the style which he names after her. For other uses, see Legend (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

It should be noted that the system was developed during the Shaolin and Ming resistance movement against the Qing Dynasty and thus many legends about the creator of Wing Chun were spread to confuse the enemy, including the story of Yim Wing Chun, this may have contributed to why no one has been able to accurately determine the creator or creators of Wing Chun.^{[citation needed]}

Southern martial art

Wing Chun, together with Hung Gar and Choi Lei Fut are given the name "The Three Great Martial Art Schools of the South" because of their origin and popularity in Southern China. NÃ¡nquÃ¡n (Chinese: å—æ‹³; literally southern fist) refers to those Chinese martial arts that originate south of the Yangtze River, including Hung Kuen, Choy Lee Fut, and Wing Chun. ... Hung Gar, also known as Hung Kuen or Hung Ga, is a southern Chinese martial art associated with the Chinese folk hero Wong Fei Hung, who was a master of Hung Gar. ... Like other southern Chinese martial arts, Choy Lei Fut features Five Animal techniques based on the tiger, dragon, crane, leopard, and snake but is distinguished from other southern styles by long, swinging, circular movements and twisting body motions more indicative of northern styles. ...

Curriculum

Forms and san sik

Forms are meditative, solitary exercises which develop self-awareness, balance, relaxation and sensitivity. Forms also train the practitioner in the fundamental movement and the correct force generation of Wing Chun.

San Sik (translated as Separate Forms) are compact in structure. They can be loosely grouped into three broad categories: 1) focus on building body structure through basic punching, standing, turning, and stepping drills; 2) fundamental arm cycles and changes, firmly ingraining the cardinal tools for interception and adaptation; and 3) sensitivity training and combination techniques.

It is from the forms and san sik that all Wing Chun techniques are derived. Depending on lineage, the focus, content and intent of each form can have distinct differences which can therefore have far reaching implications. This also means that there are a few different ideas concerning what constitutes progression in the curriculum from form to form, so only a general description of overlap between different schools of thought is possible here.

The most commonly seen Wing Chun generally comprises six forms: three empty hand forms, one "wooden dummy" form, and two weapons forms.

Empty hand

Siu Nim Tao is a practice routine of Wing Chun, its first form. All the basic hand movements used in Wing Chun are contained in Siu Nim Tao, although the leg movements are reduced to their most elementary components during the opening of the stance at the beginning of the... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ... In martial arts, Chum Kiu (Traditional Chinese: 尋橋; Simplified Chinese: 寻桥; pinyin: xún qiáo; Jyutping: cam4 kiu4; Yale: chàhm kiùh; literally means bridge seeking) is the second form of Wing Chun. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ...

Wooden dummy

The Muk Yan Jong is a wooden dummy used in Chinese martial arts training. ... Pinyin, more formally called Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ), is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... The Yale romanizations are four systems created during World War II for use by United States military personnel. ... Mook Yun Jong (æœ¨äººæ¨ lit. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (609x768, 80 KB) Close up of the upper portion of the kung-fu Wooden Dummy or Mook Yan Chong. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (609x768, 80 KB) Close up of the upper portion of the kung-fu Wooden Dummy or Mook Yan Chong. ...

Forms

Both the Way Yan (Weng Chun) and Nguyễn Tế-Công branches use different curricula of empty hand forms. The Tam Yeung and Fung Sang lineages both trace their origins to Leung Jan's retirement to his native village of Gu Lao, where he taught a curriculum of San Sik.

The Siu Lien Tao (Little First Training) of Cho Ga Wing Chun is one long form that includes movements that are comparative to a combination of Siu Nim Tao, Chum Kiu, and Biu Jee of other families. The other major forms of the style are Sui Da ("Random Striking"), Chui Da ("Chase Striking"), Fa Kuen ("Variegated Fist"), Jin Jeung ("Arrow Palm"), Jin Kuen ("Arrow Fist"), Joy Kuen ("Drunken Fist"), Sup Saam Sao ("Thirteen Hands"), and Chi Sao Lung ("Sticking Hands Set").

Weapons

Once correct force generation in the open-handed forms is achieved, the student is ready to progress to weapons. With the open hand forms delivering force to the end of the finger tips, the idea is to be able to extend that force further to the end of a weapon as an extension of the body, using the same principles. A weapon is a tool used to kill or incapacitate a person or animal, or destroy a military target. ...

The Yuen Kay-San/Sum Nung branch also trains throwing darts (Biu). This article is about the Chinese Butterfly sword. ... Chinese Dao Knife or Sabre Dao (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tao1, knife) is a category of single-edge Chinese swords primarily used for slashing and chopping (sabres), often called a broadsword in English translation because some varieties have wide blades. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Jim Fung (Fung Chuen Keung é¦®å‚³å¼·;May 16, 1944 - March 18, 2007) Jim Fung was a practitioner and teacher of Wing Chun kung fu and founder of the International Wing Chun Academy. He had been training under his master, Tsui Seung Tin (å¾å°šç”°), since 1960. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Leung Ting (1947 - Present) is the founder and permanent president of the International WingTsun Association. ... Yuan Kay-shan (Chinese: é˜®å¥‡å±±; pinyin: RuÇŽn QÃ ShÄn; Cantonese: Yun1 Kei4 Saan1; also transliterated Yuen Kay-San) was a student of Fok Bo-Chuen (éœä¿å…¨; pinyin: HuÃ² BÇŽoquÃ¡n; Cantonese: Fok3 Bou2 Chyun4; also transliterated Kwok Bo-Chuen) in the discipline of Wing Chun. ... Shum Lung (Chinese: å²‘èƒ½; pinyin: CÃ©n NÃ©ng; Cantonese: Sam4 Nang4; also transliterated Sum Nung) was a student of Yuan Kay-shan (é˜®å¥‡å±±) in the discipline of Wing Chun. ...

Chi sao

Chi Sao (Chinese 黐手, Cantonese chi¹ sau², Mandarin chǐshǒu) or "sticking hands". Term for the principle, and drills used for the development of automatic reflexes upon contact and the idea of "sticking" to the opponent. In Wing Chun this is practiced through two practitioners maintaining contact with each other's forearms while executing techniques, thereby training each other to sense changes in body mechanics, pressure, momentum and "feel". This increased sensitivity gained from this drill helps a practitioner attack and counter an opponent's movements precisely, quickly and with the appropriate technique.

Chi Sao is similar to the hubud-lubad drills of Eskrima. It looks somewhat like the push hands training of T'ai Chi Ch'uan. Chi Sao is also taught in the Jeet Kune Do traditions, and uses modified versions of some of the component techniques such as the bong sao and jut sao. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses of the term, see Pushing Hands Pushing hands, (æŽ¨æ‰‹, Wade-Giles tui1 shou3, pinyin tuÄ« shÇ’u), is a name for two-person training routines practiced in internal Chinese martial arts such as Pa Kua Chang (Baguazhang), Hsing-i Chuan (Xingyiquan), Tai Chi Chuan... Tai chi chuan (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tai4 chi2 chÃ¼an2) is an internal Chinese martial art. ... Jeet Kune Do (Chinese: æˆªæ‹³é“ Cantonese: JitkyÃ¹ndou Pinyin: JiÃ©quÃ¡ndÃ o, lit. ...

Chi Sao additionally refers to the Luk Sao (methods of rolling hands) drills. Luk Sao participants push and "roll" their forearms against each other in a single circle while trying to remain relaxed. The aim is to feel forces, test resistances and find defensive gaps. Other branches do a version of this where each of the arms roll in small separate circles. Luk Sao is most notably taught within the Pan Nam branches where both the larger rolling drills and the method where each of the arms roll in small separate circles are taught.

In some branches (most notably the Yip Man and Jiu Wan branches) Chi Sao drills begin with one-armed sets (Dan Chi Sao) which help the novice student to get the feel of the exercise, each practitioner uses one hand from the same side as they face each other. Chi Sao is a sensitivity drill to obtain specific responses, it should not be confused with sparring/fighting, though it can be practised or expressed in a combat form for example, in MMA in the clinch Chi Sao can be expressed as well as used in other arts. Yip Man (è‘‰å• in pinyin: yÃ¨ wÃ¨n; in Jyutping: jip6 man6; alternative spelling Ip Man; also known as è‘‰ç¹¼å•; 1 October 1893-2 December 1972) was the first martial arts master (Chinese: Sifu) to teach the Chinese martial art of Wing Chun openly. ... For the fighting styles that combine different arts, see hybrid martial arts. ... To clinch is to hold tightly. ...

Chi gerk

"Chi gerk" (黐腳, sticking legs) comprises predefined leg sensitivity drills which are performed in a manner similar to Chi sao. Some lineages, notably (some sub-branches of) Yip Man, Pan Nam, and Jiu Wan, practice this exercise, but there is no general agreement as to its relevance in the system. Yip Man (è‘‰å• in pinyin: yÃ¨ wÃ¨n; in Jyutping: jip6 man6; alternative spelling Ip Man; also known as è‘‰ç¹¼å•; 1 October 1893-2 December 1972) was the first martial arts master (Chinese: Sifu) to teach the Chinese martial art of Wing Chun openly. ...

Kuen kuit

Some Wing Chun schools use wing chun kuen kuit (詠春拳訣 lit. Wing Chun Fist Formula mnemonic) in teaching the art. These are short, often sing-song, sayings or rhymes that encapsulate principles, strategies or combat responses. Their meanings are often derived from local slang. Some sayings may appear simple but gain greater lucidity and meaning during training. For other uses, see Mnemonic (disambiguation). ...

Principles

Tenets of Wing Chun include practicality, efficiency and economy of movement. Practitioners are sometimes encouraged to sense the energy behind their movements. The core philosophy becomes a useful guide to practitioners when modifying or refining the art.

Practicality

Wing Chun techniques emphasize practicality and efficiency to maintain its ideals on effectiveness. Strikes are intended to injure or disrupt the target. Efficiency in Wing Chun is based on the concept that the shortest distance between two points is a straight line. Likewise its primary targets all lie along the "centerline" of one's opponent. For the 1994 Hong Kong film, see Wing Chun (film). ...

Efficiency

Wing Chun believes in using the least amount of required force in any fighting situation. It believes properly, correct timed position and movement can and should be used to defeat their opponent. This is achieved through balance, body structure and relaxation. The Chinese saying "4 taels to move 1000 catties" (referring to an old Chinese measurement system) is appropriate here in describing how a small amount of force, correctly applied, can deflect a powerful attack. This article is about the physical quantity. ... A fight is an act to establish dominance over an opposition by causing harm by physical or mental damage. ... The tael (兩), PY: Liang, was part of the Chinese system of weights and currency. ... A catty (æ–¤) is a measurement of weight from the European colonial times in the far east, commonly found in wet markets and in supermarkets in Hong Kong. ...

Wing Chun uses deflection and counter-attack in the same motion or will intercept the opponent to nulify an attack, rather than blocking then attacking in two separate motions. Further on interception the punch can act as a block as a consequence of the structure and the position of the arm travelling along its triangular "power-line" pathway to the opponent's "Core". This means that the opponent's attack is automatically deflected by the arm-structure of the Wing Chun practitioner as the counter-punch is delivered.

The "structure" permits this deflection to occur is controlled through the correct focus of energy from the "core" to the "elbow". If the structure is not in place, the counter-attack/interception is likely to break down losing the "forwarding" power which may result in the deflection failing and allowing the attacking punch to make its target.

In addition to efficiency being understood as the "shortest distance to the opponent's core" (which relates specifically to the speed of attack/counter-attack), it is also important to understand the importance of energy efficiency within Wing Chun. A person using Wing Chun is said to be able to defeat a stronger person because they are able to use their structure effectively. Given this, it is essential in ensuring that the Wing Chun practitioner has a full understanding of structure which enables them to use the correct use of energy required - any deviation from their "structure" resulting in using muscles in the shoulders will cause injury to the practitioner and also result in fatigue very quickly. This deviation removes the Wing Chun practitioners advantage since their "structure" will no longer support the defence/attack and vice versa. So the conclusion of the fight between two wing chun practitioners will be determined by the opponent with the stronger arms, shoulders and chin. However, certain techniques can allow a weaker person to win even if the said person is at a big disadvantage. Strikes that are surprising (for example: a variation in high and low attacks) can throw the stronger opponent off-balance and expose gaps in defense.

Economy of movement

Most Wing Chun attacks take the straightest possible path to the target (usually a straight line) to break the opponent's structure. Wing Chun theory focuses on the opponent's centerline, an imaginary vertical line bisecting the opponent's vitals (throat, heart, stomach, groin). The Wing Chun punch, for example, is delivered centrally from the practitioner's chest rather than diagonally from the shoulders in the first two forms. This helps teach the centerline concept. In the later forms, the punch is delivered diagonally from the shoulder to the centerline. This is because the distance is shorter than bringing the hand from the shoulder, to the center of the chest, and then down the centerline at the opponent.

Characteristics

Balance, structure and stance

Wing Chun practitioners believe that the person with better body structure will win. A correct Wing Chun stance is like a piece of bamboo, firm but flexible, rooted but yielding. This structure is used to either deflect external forces or redirect them into the ground.

Balance is related to structure because a well-balanced body recovers quicker from stalled attacks and structure is maintained. Wing Chun trains the awareness of one's own body movement derived from muscular, tendon, and articular sources. Performing Wing Chun's forms such as Chum Kiu or the Wooden Dummy form greatly increase proprioception. Wing Chun favours a high, narrow stance with the elbows kept close to the body. Within the stance, arms are positioned across the vitals of the centerline. Shifting or turning within a stance is carried out variantly on the heels, balls, or middle (K1 or Kidney 1 point) of the foot depending on lineage. All attacks and counter-attacks are initiated from this firm, stable base. Wing Chun rarely compromises structure for more powerful attacks because this is believed to create defensive openings which may be exploited.

Structure is viewed as important, not only for reasons of defense, but also for attack. When the practitioner is effectively 'rooted', or aligned so as to be braced against the ground, the force of the hit is believed to be far more devastating. Additionally, the practice of 'settling' one's opponent to brace them more effectively against the ground aids in delivering as much force as possible to them.

Relaxation

Softness (via relaxation) and performing techniques in a relaxed manner, is fundamental to Wing Chun. Taijitu, the traditional symbol representing the forces of Yin and Yang. ...

Chi Sao (é»æ‰‹ literally, sticky arm) is a Wing Chun term for the principle, and drills based on the principle, of sticking to an opponent. ... Ng Mui (äº”æ¢…å¤§å¸«; pinyin: WÇ” MÃ©i DÃ ShÄ«; Yale Cantonese: Ng5 Mui4 Daai6 Si1) is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders â€” survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing Dynasty. ...

Centerline

While the existence of a "central axis" concept is unified in Wing Chun, the interpretation of the centerline concept itself is not. Many variations exist, with some lineages defining anywhere from a single "centerline" to multiple lines of interaction and definition. The most commonly seen interpretation emphasizes attack and defense along an imaginary vertical line drawn from the center of the practitioner's chest to the center of the enemy's chest. The human body's prime striking targets are considered to be on or near this line, including eyes, nose, throat, solar plexus and groin.

Wing Chun techniques are generally "closed", with the limbs drawn in to protect the central area and also to maintain balance. In most circumstances, the hands do not move beyond the vertical circle that is described by swinging the arms in front, with the hands crossed at the wrists. To reach outside this area, footwork is used. A large emphasis and time investment in training Chi Sao exercise emphasises positioning to dominate this centerline. The stance and guard all point at or through the center to concentrate physical and mental intent of the entire body to the one target.

Wing Chun practitioners attack within this central area to transmit force more effectively, since it targets the "core center" (or "mother line", another center defined in some lineages and referring to the vertical axis of the human body where the center of gravity lies). For example, striking an opponent's shoulder will twist the body, dispelling some of the force and weakening the strike. Striking closer to the center transmits more force directly into the body.

Punches

Because of the emphasis on the center line, the vertical fist straight punch is the most common strike in Wing Chun. However, the principle of simultaneous attack and defence suggests that all movements in the Siu Nim Tau with a forward execution flow into a strike if no effective resistance is met, without need for recomposure. Other explicit examples of punches can be found in the Chum Kiu and Bil Jee forms, articulating an uppercut and hook punch respectively.

The vertical punch is the most basic and fundamental in Wing Chun and is usually thrown with the elbow down and in front of the body. Depending on the lineage, the fist is held anywhere from vertical to horizontal (palm side up). The contact points also vary from the top two knuckles, to the middle two knuckles, to the bottom three knuckles. In some lineages of Wing Chun, the fist is swivelled at the wrist on point of impact so that the bottom three knuckles are thrust forward adding power to the punch while it is at maximum extension.

The punches may be thrown in quick succession in a 'straight blast' or 'chain punching'. When executed correctly, it can be used as a disorienting finisher but is often criticised for encouraging weaker punches that don't utilise the whole body. Wing Chun favours the vertical punch for several reasons:

Kicks

Kicks can be explicitly found in the Chum Kiu and Mook Jong forms, though some have made interpretations of small leg movements in the Siu Nim Tau and Bil Jee to contain information on kicking as well. Depending on lineage, a beginner is often introduced to basic kicking before learning the appropriate form. Traditionally, kicks are kept below the waist.This is characteristic of southern martial arts, in contrast to northern systems which utilise many high kicks.

Variations on a front kick are performed striking with the heel. The body may be square and the knee and foot are vertical on contact (Chum Kiu), or a pivot may be involved with the foot and knee on a plane at an angle (Mook Jong). At short distances this can become a knee. A roundhouse kick is performed striking with the shin in a similar manner to the Muay Thai version with most of the power coming from the body pivot. This kick is usually used as a finisher at closer range, targeting anywhere between the ribs and the back of the knee, this kick can also become a knee at close range. Other kicks include a stamping kick (Mook Jong) for very close range and a sweep performed with the heel in a circular fashion (Bil Jee). In Tae Kwon Do: A front kick, somewhat literarly translated from korean ap chagi, is widely regarded as the simplest kick of all. ... Thai-style roundhouse kicks used to attack low and high targets. ...

Every kick is both an attack and defence, with legs being used to check incoming kicks or to take the initiative in striking through before a more circular kick can land. Kicks are delivered in one movement directly from the stance without chambering/cocking.

Uncommitted techniques

Wing Chun techniques are uncommitted. This means that if the technique fails to connect, the practitioner's position or balance is less affected. If the attack fails, the practitioner is able to "flow" easily into a follow-up attack. All Wing Chun techniques permit this. Any punches or kicks can be strung together to form a "chain" of attacks. Chained vertical punches are a Wing Chun trademark.^{[citation needed]}

Trapping skills and sensitivity

The Wing Chun practitioner uses reflexes and sticking hands to probe for holes (openings) in the opponent's defense through touching. The practitioner controls an opponent by contacting through a block or a strike and maintaining contact or "sticking" to the opponent. If the opponent attempts to withdraw or redirect the hand, the practitioner follows, often using the motion to facilitate a trap or a strike. A common Wing Chun saying is "greet what arrives, escort what leaves and rush upon loss of contact", regarding the importance of trapping incoming force and advancing quickly when an opening is sensed.

Close range

Wing Chun teaches practitioners to advance quickly and strike at close range. While the Wing Chun forward kick can be considered a long range technique, many Wing Chun practitioners practice "entry techniques" - getting past an opponent's kicks and punches to bring him within range of Wing Chun's close range repertoire. This means that theoretically, if the correct techniques are applied, a shorter person with a shorter range can defeat a larger person by getting inside their range and attacking them close to their body.

Branches

The branches of Wing Chun are a student-teacher family tree within the chinese martial art Wing Chun. ...

See also

The branches of Wing Chun are a student-teacher family tree within the chinese martial art Wing Chun. ... WingTsun Kung Fu (alternatively Wing Tsun, or å’æ˜¥) is a branch of Wing Chun Kung Fu developed by Leung Ting. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Classical Wing Chun Kung Fu is the style of Wing Chun Kung Fu taught by Sifu Ian Protheroe and his students. ... -1... These are terms used in the Chinese martial art Wing Chun. ... Cantonese opera is one of the major categories in Chinese opera, originating in southern Chinas Cantonese culture. ... Ng Mui (äº”æ¢…å¤§å¸«; pinyin: WÇ” MÃ©i DÃ ShÄ«; Yale Cantonese: Ng5 Mui4 Daai6 Si1) is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders â€” survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing Dynasty. ... Jee Sin Sim See (Chinese: è‡³å–„ç¦ªå¸«; pinyin: ZhÃ¬ ShÃ n ChÃ¡n ShÄ«; Yale Cantonese: Ji3 Sin6 Sim3 Si1; literally Jee Sin, Chan teacher) is said to have been one of the legendary Five Elders, survivors of the destruction of the Shaolin Temple by the Qing Dynasty (1644â€“1912). ... Taijitu, the traditional symbol representing the forces of Yin and Yang. ... The Muk Yan Jong is a wooden dummy used in Chinese martial arts training. ...

References

Sources

External links

Hawaiian State Grappling Championships. ... BÄjÃquÃ¡n (Traditional Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; literally eight extremes fist; Japanese: , Hakkyokuken) is a Chinese martial art that features explosive, short range power and is famous for its elbow strikes. ... For other meanings of these words, see boxing (disambiguation) or boxer. ... Angkorian warriors as depicted on bas reliefs at Angkor Wat Bokator/Boxkator, or more formally, Labok Katao(which means wielding a wooden stick to fight lions) (áž›áŸ’áž”áž»áž€áŸ’áž€ážáŸ„), is an ancient Khmer martial art said to be the predecessor of all Southeast Asian kickboxing styles. ... Capoeira (IPA: ,Tupi-Guarani word for - clear area) is a Brazilian blend of martial art, game, and dance originated in Brazil during the 16th century Capoeira was created and developed by native Indians in Brazil and the slaves brought from Africa. ... This article is about the Fujian style of White Crane. ... For other uses, see Karate (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see kempo (disambiguation). ... Kicking to left side Kickboxing refers to sport-fighting using kicks and punches and sometimes throws and bows representing a certain martial art or can be practiced for general fitness, or as a full-contact sport. ... BAMA LETHWEI Lethwei or Lethawae (Read as Let-whae, but quickly) ; also known as Burmese Boxing and Myanmar Traditional Boxing, is a form of kickboxing which originated in Myanmar (Burma). ... For the drink with a similar-sounding name, see Mai Tai. ... Pradal Serey (; English: Khmer Boxing) is the name of the centuries old kickboxing martial arts of Cambodia. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Savate (pronounced ), also known as boxe franÃ§aise, French boxing, French Kickboxing or French Footfighting, is a French martial art which uses both the hands and feet as weapons and combines elements of western boxing with graceful kicking techniques. ... SIKARAN is a form of Philippine Martial Arts whose history dates back to the early 1500s before the Spaniards came, It is the art of foot-fighting where the farmers use their strong legs to drive the partners outside the designated line (pitak). ... This article is about a martial art forms practiced throughout the Malay Archipelago. ... Subak, (or Subakhi, Subak-chigi) is a Korean traditional martial art. ... Ever since 1669, when Huang Zongxi first described Chinese martial arts in terms of a Shaolin or external school versus a Wudang or internal school,[1] Shaolin has been used as a synonym for external Chinese martial arts regardless of whether or not the particular style in question has any... Taekyon, or Taekkyon is a traditional Korean martial art, probably stemming from Subak. ... Taekwondo (íƒœê¶Œë„; IPA: ) is a Korean martial art and Chinese combat sport. ... Taido ( èº°é“ / taidÅ ) is a Japanese martial arts or budo created in 1965 by Seiken Shukumine (1925 - 2001). ... WingTsunâ„¢, often shortened to WT, is a particular school of the Wing Chun style of Kung Fu developed by a student of Grandmaster Yip Man named Leung Ting. ... Like other southern Chinese martial arts, Choy Lei Fut features Five Animal techniques based on the tiger, dragon, crane, leopard, and snake but is distinguished from other southern styles by long, swinging, circular movements and twisting body motions more indicative of northern styles. ... For other uses, see Grapple. ... Aikido ) is a Japanese martial art developed by Morihei Ueshiba as a synthesis of his martial studies, philosophy, and religious beliefs. ... Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu (BJJ) is a martial art and combat sport that focuses on grappling and especially ground fighting with the goal of gaining a dominant position and using joint-locks and chokeholds to force an opponent to submit. ... Catch wrestling is a popular style of wrestling. ... This article needs to be wikified. ... This article is about the martial art and sport. ... Jujutsu ) , literally meaning the art of softness, is a Japanese martial art consisting primarily of grappling techniques. ... Kinomichi, calligraphy by Masamichi Noro Kinomichi æ°£ä¹‹é“ is a Martial art (budo æ¦é“ in Japanese ), founded by Masamichi Noro é‡Žå‘‚æ˜Œé“ in Paris, France, in 1979. ... Kurash is the native ancient type of upright jacket wrestling practiced in Uzbekistan. ... Mallayuddha (literally wrestling combat)[1] is the martial art of classical Indian wrestling. ... Mongolian wrestling is a traditional Mongolian sport that has existed in Mongolia for centuries. ... Varzesh-e Pahlavani (Persian varzeÅ¡-e pahlavÄnÄ« ÙˆØ±Ø²Ø´ Ù¾Ù‡Ù„ÙˆØ§Ù†ÛŒ) meaning the Sport of the Heroes, also known as Varzesh-e Bastani (Persian varzeÅ¡-e bÄstnÄ« ÙˆØ±Ø²Ø´ Ø¨Ø§Ø³ØªØ§Ù†ÛŒ), meaning the Sport of the Ancients, is a traditional discipline of gymnastics and wrestling of Iran, which was originally an academy of physical training for... Pehlwani Modern wrestling, or Pehlwani , is a synthesis of an indigenous Aryan form of wrestling that dates back at least to the 5th century BC [1] and a Persian form of wrestling brought into South Asia by the Mughals. ... Sambo (Russian: ) -- (also called Sombo in the US and sometimes written in all-caps) is a modern martial art, combat sport and self-defense system developed in the former Soviet Union, and recognized as an official sport by the USSR All-Union Sports Committee in 1938, presented by Anatoly Kharlampiev. ... Shuai jiao (Chinese: æ‘”è·¤ or æ‘”è§’; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shuai-chiao) is the modern Chinese term for Chinese and Mongolian wrestling. ... Image:Ssireum-1. ... For other uses, see Sumo (disambiguation). ... Ancient Greek wrestlers (Pankratiasts) Wrestling is the act of physical engagement between two unarmed persons, in which each wrestler strives to get an advantage over or control of their opponent. ... YaÄŸlÄ± GÃ¼reÅŸ (IPA:) is the Turkish national sport. ... For other uses, see Weapon (disambiguation). ... BattÅjutsu ) is a Japanese term meaning techniques for drawing a sword. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... This article is about the sport, which is distinguished from stage fencing and academic fencing (mensur). ... Gatka (Punjabi: , ) is a traditional Sikh martial art. ... Haidong Gumdo, also spelled Haedong Kumdo, is a name coined around 1982 and used for several Korean martial art organizations that use swords. ... HojÅjutsu (æ•ç¸„è¡“) or Nawajutsu, (ç¸„è¡“) is the traditional Japanese martial skill of restraining a person using cord or rope. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Iaido (居合道 iaidō), also sometimes called iaijutsu (居合術 iaijutsu) or battojutsu (抜刀術 battōjutsu) is the art of drawing the katana, cutting down the opponent, flipping blood from the blade, and then re-sheathing the katana in one fluid movement. ... JÅdÅ ), meaning the way of the jÅ, or jÅjutsu ) is a Japanese martial art using short staves called jÅ. The art is similar to bÅjutsu, and is strongly focused upon defense against the Japanese sword. ... Jogo do Pau. ... JÅ«kendÅ ) is the Japanese martial art of bayonet fighting. ... Juttejutsu is the Japanese martial art of using a jitte or jutte. ... Kendo ), or way of the sword, is the martial art of Japanese fencing. ... Kenjutsu ) is the Japanese martial art specializing in the use of the Japanese sword (katana). ... This article contains a trivia section. ... KyÅ«jutsu ) is the traditional Japanese martial art of wielding a bow. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Naginatajutsu (ãªãŽãªãŸè¡“, é•·åˆ€è¡“ or è–™åˆ€è¡“) is the Japanese Martial art of wielding the naginata, a weapon resembling the medieval European glaive. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Shurikenjutsu ) is a general term describing the traditional Japanese martial arts of throwing shuriken, which are small, hand-held weapons such as metal spikes (bo shuriken), circular plates of metal known as hira shuriken, and knives (tantÅ). Shuriken-jutsu was usually taught among the sogo-bugei, or comprehensive martial arts... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... SÅjutsu (æ§è¡“, sometimes incorrectly read as yarijutsu) is the art of fighting with the Japanese spear, yari (æ§). SÅjutsu is typically only a single component of curriculum in comprehensive Japanese koryu schools; for example Tenshin Shoden Katori Shinto-ryu includes spear fighting techniques. ... For the fighting styles that combine different arts, see hybrid martial arts. ... Hybrid martial arts (also known as hybrid fighting systems) refer to martial arts or fighting systems that incorporate techniques and theories from several particular martial arts. ... BÄguÃ zhÇŽng is one of the major internal (a. ... the Tiger Defense Bando or animal system is the ancient art of self-defense from Burma. ... Bartitsu is an eclectic martial art and self defence method originally developed in England during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. ... The Bujinkan (æ¦ç¥žé¤¨) is a martial arts organization practicing the art commonly referred to as Bujinkan BudÅ Taijutsu (æ¦ç¥žé¤¨æ¦é“ä½“è¡“). The art is widely considered to be the last legitimate ninpo, or ninja, martial art, particularly because of the influence of Togakure ryu. ... Daido Juku also known as Daidojuku and Kudo is a martial arts organization founded in 1981 by Azuma Takashi. ... Freestyle Fighting is a kind of martial art that incorporates various styles and forms of martial arts. ... This article is about Martial art. ... Hung Gar, also known as Hung Kuen or Hung Ga, is a southern Chinese martial art associated with the Chinese folk hero Wong Fei Hung, who was a master of Hung Gar. ... Hwa Rang Do is a Korean martial art that was created in its modern form by Joo Bang Lee and his brother, Joo Sang Lee. ... Jeet Kune Do (Chinese: æˆªæ‹³é“ Cantonese: JitkyÃ¹ndou Pinyin: JiÃ©quÃ¡ndÃ o, lit. ... Kajukenbo is a hybrid martial art that combines karate, judo, jujutsu, kenpo, and kung fu. ... Kalarippayattu (IPA: [kaÉaÉ¾ipËajatÉ¨Ì†], Malayalam: à´•à´³à´°à´¿à´ªà´¯à´±àµà´±àµ) is a Dravidian martial art practised in Kerala and contiguous parts of neighboring Tamil Nadu of Southern India. ... Krav Maga (Hebrew קרב מגע: contact combat) is a martial art, at first developed in Czechoslovakia in the 1930s. ... Kuk Sool Won is a Korean martial arts system founded by In Hyuk Suh in 1958. ... MCMAP logo The Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP) is a combat system developed by the United States Marine Corps to combine existing and new hand-to-hand and close combat techniques with morale and team-building functions and instruction in what the Marine Corps calls the Warrior Ethos.[1... Northern Praying Mantis (Chinese: ; pinyin: tÃ¡nglÃ¡ngquÃ¡n; literally praying mantis fist) is a style of Chinese martial arts, sometimes called Shandong Praying Mantis after its province of origin. ... This article is about a Japanese martial art. ... Pankration was an ancient sport introduced in the Greek Olympic games in 648 BC. Many historians believe that, although Pankration was not one of the first Olympic sports, it was likely the most popular. ... This article is about martial art forms practiced in Indonesia. ... The leitai of the 2004 China National Sanda Championships Sanshou (Chinese: æ•£æ‰‹, lit. ... Shidokan karate is sometimes described as the triathlon of Martial Arts, as it encompasses knockdown (otherwise known as bare knuckle) karate, Thai kick-boxing, and grappling. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... ISFA logo Shootfighting is a combat sport and martial art, with competitions governed by the International Shootfighting Association (ISFA). ... Shorinji Kempo (å°‘æž—å¯ºæ‹³æ³• ShÅrinji KenpÅ -- note that the World Shorinji Kempo Organization prefers the Romanization kempo to kenpo) is a martial art form of Kempo that was invented by Doshin So (å®— é“è‡£, 1911-1980) in 1947, who incorporated Japanese Zen Buddhism into the fighting style. ... For other uses, see Systema (disambiguation). ... Tai chi chuan (traditional Chinese: ; simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: tai4 chi2 chÃ¼an2) is an internal Chinese martial art. ... Vajra Mushti (or Vajra Mukti)/Diamond Fist is one of the oldest martial arts of India . ... Vovinam is a type of Vietnamese martial arts. ... Xingyiquan is one of the three major internal Chinese martial artsâ€”the other two being Tai Chi ChÃ¼an and Baguazhangâ€”and is characterised by aggressive, seemingly linear movements and explosive power. ...

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