NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Workington

Coordinates: 54°38′11″N 3°33′18″W / 54.6365, -3.5549 Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Places known as Workington include: Workington — a town on the west coast of Cumbria, England Workington — a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 504 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (600 Ã— 714 pixel, file size: 352 KB, MIME type: image/png) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Red_pog2. ... Cumbria (IPA: ), is a shire county in the extreme North West of England. ... The British national grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references commonly used in Great Britain, different from using latitude or longitude. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... A modern compass card. ... The districts of England are a level of subnational division of England used for the purposes of local government. ... Allerdale is a local government district and borough in Cumbria, England. ... Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties are one of the four levels of English administrative division used for the purposes of local government. ... Cumbria (IPA: ), is a shire county in the extreme North West of England. ... The region, also known as Government Office Region, is currently the highest tier of local government subnational entity of England in the United Kingdom. ... North West England is one of the nine regions of England. ... Constituent countries is a phrase used, often by official institutions, in contexts in which a number of countries make up a larger entity or grouping, concerning these countries; thus the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has used the phrase in reference to the parts of former Yugoslavia... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This is an alphabetical list of the sovereign states of the world, including both de jure and de facto independent states. ... A post town is a required part of all UK postal addresses. ... UK postal codes are known as postcodes. ... The CA postcode area, also known as the Carlisle postcode area[2], is a group of postal districts around Alston, Appleby-in-Westmorland, Beckermet, Brampton, Carlisle, Cleator, Cleator Moor, Cockermouth, Egremont, Frizington, Holmrook, Keswick, Kirkby Stephen, Maryport, Moor Row, Penrith, Ravenglass, Seascale, St Bees, Whitehaven, Wigton and Workington in England. ... +44 redirects here. ... Cumbria Constabulary is the Home Office police force in England covering the county of Cumbria. ... A Fire Appliance belonging to the Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service The fire service in the United Kingdom has undergone dramatic changes since the beginning of the 21st century, a process that has been propelled by a devolution of central government powers, new legislation and a change to operational... The Cumbria Fire and Rescue Service is the county-wide, statutory emergency fire and rescue service for the Shire county of Cumbria, England. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... The North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust was formed on 1 July 2006 as part of Health Minister Lord Warners plans to reduce the number of NHS ambulance service trusts operating in the United Kingdom to 12. ... The United Kingdom House of Commons is made up of Members of Parliament (MPs). ... Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... This is a list of Members of the European Parliament for the United Kingdom in the 2004 to 2009 session, ordered by name. ... North West England is a constituency of the European Parliament. ... List of cities in the United Kingdom List of towns in England Lists of places within counties List of places in Bedfordshire List of places in Berkshire List of places in Buckinghamshire List of places in Cambridgeshire List of places in Cheshire List of places in Cleveland List of places... This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the county of Cumbria, England. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Workington is a town and port on the west coast of Cumbria, England at the mouth of the River Derwent. Lying within the borough of Allerdale, Workington is 32 miles (51.5 km) southwest ofCarlisle, 7 miles (11.3 km) northwest of Cockermouth, and 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Maryport. Cumbria (IPA: ), is a shire county in the extreme North West of England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... The Derwent is a river in the Lake District of the county of Cumbria in the north of England. ... Allerdale is a local government district and borough in Cumbria, England. ... For other uses, see Carlisle (disambiguation). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... , Maryport is a town within the Allerdale borough of Cumbria, England. ...

Historically a part of Cumberland, the area around Workington has long been a producer of coal, steel and high grade iron ore. The historic counties of England are ancient subdivisions of England. ... Cumberland is one of the 39 traditional counties of England. ... Coal Coal (IPA: ) is a fossil fuel formed in swamp ecosystems where plant remains were saved by water and mud from oxidization and biodegradation. ... For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation). ...

Workington is the seat of Allerdale Borough Council, which is one of three borough councils in Cumbria and has a population of around 35,000. Tony Cunningham is the local MP for the constituency of the same name that includes other towns in the hinterland of Workington . Allerdale is a local government district and borough in Cumbria, England. ... The District Councils (區議會 and formerly District Boards) are district organizations in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). ... Thomas Anthony Cunningham (born 16 September 1952, Workington) is Member of Parliament for Workington in the United Kingdom, and a member of the Labour Party. ... Workington is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ...

Workington is twinned with Selm in Germany and Val-de-Reuil in France. Selm is a town and a municipality in the district of Unna, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. ... Val-de-Reuil is a suburban city and commune located in the northwestern part of France. ...

History

Mary, Queen of Scots after the defeat of her forces at the Battle of Langside fled to England by crossing the Solway Firth, and landed in the vicinity of Workington . She spent her first night in England as an honoured guest in Workington Hall (commonly known locally as Curwen Hall), but was soon moved on to Carlisle Castle. Mary, Queen of Scots redirects here. ... The Battle of Langside was a battle fought on May 13, 1568 between the forces of Mary Queen of Scots and a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, Earl of Moray, her half-brother (who won the battle). ... Carlisle Castle is situated in the historic town of Carlisle, Cumbria in England. ...

Geography

Workington is bounded on the west by the Irish Sea and on the north by the Derwent Workington is made up of various districts, many of which are housing estates. These incude: Relief map of the Irish Sea. ... The Derwent is a river in the Lake District of the county of Cumbria in the north of England. ...

The Marsh and Quay, a large working class area of the town around the docks and a major part of the town's history was demolished in the early 1980s. Much of the former area of the Marsh is now covered by Clay Flatts industrial estate. , Salterbeck is an ex council housing estate on the South side of Workington, built during the 1930s on farmland for steelworkers and their families relocating to the area. ... Harrington can refer to: Places in the United Kingdom: Harrington, Cumbria Harrington, Lincolnshire Harrington, Northamptonshire Places in the United States: Harrington, Delaware Harrington, Maine Harrington, Washington Harrington Park, New Jersey Harrington Lake People: Earl of Harrington James Harrington Joey Harrington Other: Harrington jacket The Harrington computer font. ...

Image:Http://file028b.bebo.com/13/large/2007/04/25/11/3111598976a4202260825b870427553l.jpg

Economy

Iron

The Cumbria iron ore field lies to the south of Workington, and produced extremely high grade phosphorus-free haematite. The area had a long tradition of iron smelting, but this became particularly important with the invention of the Bessemer process by Sir Henry Bessemer, the first process for mass production of steel, which previously had been an expensive specialist product. For the first 25 years of the process, until Gilchrist and Thomas improved it, it required phosphorus-free haematite. With Cumbria as the world's premier source of this, and the local coalfield also available for steel production, the world's first large-scale steel works was opened in the Moss Bay area of the town. The Bessemer converter continued to work until 1977, the world's first and last commercially operating Bessemer converter. The Moss Bay steel works were themselves closed in 1982 by the Thatcher government, despite having received significant infrastructural investment and improvement almost immediately prior to the closure. The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of steel from a molten pig iron. ... Sir Henry Bessemer (January 19, 1813 - March 15, 1898), English engineer, was born at Charlton near Hitchin in Hertfordshire. ...

During World War II, a strategically vital electric steel furnace crucial to producing steel for aircraft engine ball bearings was relocated to Workington from Norway to prevent it falling into Axis hands. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Workington was the home of Distington Engineering Company (DEC) the engineering arm of British Steel Corporation (BSC), which specialised in the design of continuous casting equipment. DEC, known to the local people as "Chapel Bank" had an engineering design office, engineering workshops and a foundry, that at one time contained 6 of the 7 electric arc furnaces built in Workington. The 7th was situated at the Moss Bay plant of BSC. In the 1970s as BSC adapted to a more slipstreamed approach to the metals industry the engineering design company was separated from the workshops and foundry and re-designated as Distington Engineering Contracting. Employing some 200 people its primary purpose was the design, manufacture, installation and commissioning of continuous casting machines. British Steel was a large British steel producer, consisting of the assets of former private companies which had been nationalised, largely under Labour Party governments. ...

One offshoot of the steel industry was the production of steel railway rails. The rail plant in the 1980s and 1990s was ( ). Workington rails were widely exported and a common local phrase was that Workington rails 'held the world together'. Originally made from Bessemer steel, following the closure of the Moss Bay steel works (ending actual steel production in Workington), steel for the plant was brought by rail from Teeside. The plant was closed in August 2006, the final end for Workington's long and proud association with the steel works. (Although welding work on rails produced in the Scunthorpe rail plant, which took most of the work from the Workington site, continued at Workington for a few months after its official closure, as the Scunthorpe site proved initially incapable of performing this adequately).

The two industries Workington was built on, coal and steel, having vanished from the town, has led to Workington (as with the whole of West Cumbria) being something of an unemployment blackspot. Industries which exist in the town today include chemicals, cardboard, the docks (originally built by the United Steel Co. and with a seemingly continually shaky future), waste management and a relatively novel industry, recycling old computers for export, mainly to more impoverished countries. The town also contains the British Cattle Movement Services, a government agency set to oversee the U.K. beef and dairy industry following the BSE crisis in Britain. It is located in former steelworks offices. Many Workington residents are employed outside the town in the nuclear industry located in and around Sellafield, West Cumbria's dominant employment sector. None of the nuclear industry is located in Workington itself; much of it is based around Whitehaven. The Sellafield facility on the Cumbrian coast, United Kingdom Sellafield is the name of a nuclear site, close to the village and railway station of Seascale, operated by Sellafield Ltd, but owned since 1 April 2005 by the Nuclear Decommissioning Authority. ...

Workington formerly manufactured 'Railbus' and 'Sprinter' type commuter trains and Leyland National buses. The Leyland National was based on an Italian design, which included an air conditioning unit mounted in a pod on top of the roof of the bus at the rear. Adapting the design for Britain, Leyland replaced the air conditioning unit with a heating unit. However, as hot air rises, much of the heat generated by the heaters was wasted as it escaped out of the top (most vehicle heaters are located low down in the vehicle). This design flaw in the National bus became infamous in certain circles. The 'Railbus' trains were based on the National bus design, designed as a cheap stopgap by British Rail. This initiative led to Workington's brief history of train manufacturing, the buses already being built there. They are generally considered a poor design, and are very uncomfortable to ride especially on less-than-perfectly-smooth rail lines, as the carriages tend to jump about much more than most trains. This is due to the fact that they are not equipped with proper train bogies, but have two single axles per carriage (each train consists of two carriages), a cost-cutting design feature which when they have been worked on some lines has also caused problems with rounding tight-radius corners. Some industry experts have also raised significant doubts about their level of safety compared to other commuter train types, such as the Sprinter. The former bus plant, located in Lillyhall, is now a depot for the Eddie Stobart road haulage company.

Transport

Workington is linked by the A596 road to Maryport and (via the A595 road) to Whitehaven, and by the A66 road to Cockermouth, the M6 motorway, Penrith and County Durham. The town has bus connections to other towns and villages in West Cumbria, Penrith, Carlisle and Barrow-in-Furness, as well as the rail connection provided by the Cumbrian Coast Line to Carlisle and Barrow-in-Furness, with occasional through trains to Newcastle, Lancaster and Preston. The A596 is a highway in Cumbria, in northern England, that runs between Workington and a roundabout intersection just north of Wigton, where it becomes incorporated into the A595. ... , Maryport is a town within the Allerdale borough of Cumbria, England. ... The A595 is a primary route in Cumbria, in northern England that starts in Carlisle, and passes Whitehaven and Workington, and goes close to Cockermouth and Wigton. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The A66 is a major road in England. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Statistics Population: 14,756 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: NY515305 Administration District: Eden Shire county: Cumbria Region: North West England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Cumbria Historic county: Cumberland Services Police force: Cumbria Constabulary Fire and rescue: {{{Fire}}} Ambulance: North West Post office and telephone... County Durham is a county in north-east England. ... For other uses, see Carlisle (disambiguation). ... Barrow-in-Furness is a town in Cumbria, England. ... Workington Railway Station is a train station serving the town of Workington in Cumbria, England. ... The Cumbrian Coast Line runs from Carlisle to Barrow_in_Furness via Workington and Whitehaven. ... This article is about a city in the United Kingdom. ... Lancaster is a city within Lancashire, in North West England. ... This article is about Preston, Lancashire. ...

Sports

Workington has a non league and former professional football team, Workington Reds, currently playing in the Conference North. The local professional rugby league team are former Challenge Cup winners Workington Town, whilst there is also a professional speedway team, the Workington Comets. Workington A.F.C. are an English football club from Workington, Cumbria. ... The Football Conferences logo Conference North (often referred to as Nationwide North for sponsorship reasons) is a division of the Football Conference in England, taking its place immediately below the Conference National. ... Rugby league football (usually shortened to rugby league, football, league) is a full-contact team sport played with a prolate spheroid-shaped ball by two teams of thirteen on a rectangular grass field. ... The Challenge Cup (currently known as the Carnegie Challenge Cup for sponsorship reasons) is a knockout cup competition for rugby league clubs across Europe. ... Workington Town is a rugby league team playing in Workington in West Cumbria. ... Motorcycle speedway, normally referred to as Speedway, is a motorcycle sport that involves usually 4 and sometimes up to 6 riders competing over 4 laps of an oval circuit. ... Workington Comets is a speedway club based in Workington, Cumbria Their home ground is Derwent Park Stadium, which they share with Workington Town RLFC. Categories: | ...

Workington is home to a tradition known as "Uppies and Downies", a traditional version of football, dating to Medieval times. Workington in Cumbria is home to a tradition known as Uppies and Downies, a traditional version of football, dating to Medieval times and with roots in Celtic games, although the modern incarnation of Uppies and Downies was rejuvinated some time in the latter half of the 19th century. ... Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Middle Ages formed the middle period in a traditional schematic division of European history into three ages: the classical civilization of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, and modern times. ...

Speedway racing has been staged at three venues in the town. Before WWII racing was staged at Lonsdale Park. The sport did not return to the town until 1970 when it was introduced to Derwent Park. The team, known as The Comets, has operated off and on with varying degrees of success. In 1987 the track was a temporary home to the Glasgow Tigers who briefly became the Workington Tigers prior to withdrawal from the League. More recently a training track has been established at Northside. This venue has staged a public meeting in 2007.

Notable people

This article is about Preston, Lancashire. ... Mark John Frank Cueto (born December 26, 1979 in Workington, Cumbria) is an English international rugby union player. ... First international (also the worlds first) Scotland 4â€“1 England (27 March 1871) Largest win England 134â€“0 Romania (17 November 2001) Worst defeat Australia 76â€“0 England (6 June 1998) World Cup Appearances 6 (First in 1987) Best result Champions, 2003 The England national rugby union team represents... For other uses, see Rugby (disambiguation). ...

Regeneration

Workington has recently seen a massive town centre redevelopment plan in operation, which has demolished the former Co-op building and a former Tesco outlet [1] for a new shopping centre known as Washington Square, including a new car park. Work began three years ago, resulting in the opening of the £45 million pound centre in August 2006 where the main attraction has been a new Debenhams to cater for West Cumbria. Next, River Island, HMV and BB's Coffee and Muffins are other stores which have come to Workington for the first time. Workington is also getting a brand new Tesco Extra. It will be placed on the towns Cloffocks site, an important area of common recreational land for the town, causing significant controversy.

Retailers nearby, especially Marks and Spencer have been under threat, where the Workington store is proposing a new £2 million refit.

References

External links

Categories: Articles lacking sources from August 2007 | All articles lacking sources | Cleanup from August 2007 | All pages needing cleanup | Towns in Cumbria | Ports and harbours of Cumbria The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ... Cumbria (IPA: ), is a shire county in the extreme North West of England. ... The City of Carlisle is a local government district with city status in Cumbria, England. ... Allerdale is a local government district and borough in Cumbria, England. ... Barrow-in-Furness is a local government district and borough in the administrative county of Cumbria, and the historic County of Lancashire, England. ... for the constituency of the same name see Copeland (UK Parliament constituency) Copeland is a local government district and borough in western Cumbria, England. ... Eden is a local government district in Cumbria, England. ... South Lakeland is a local government district in Cumbria, England. ... Statistics Population: 1,128 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: NY716462 Administration District: Eden Shire county: Cumbria Region: North West England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Cumbria Historic county: Cumberland Services Police force: Cumbria Constabulary Ambulance service: North West Post office and telephone Post town: ALSTON... The view over Windermere from Ambleside. ... Appleby, fully Appleby-in-Westmorland, is a town in Northwest England. ... Aspatria is a town in Cumbria, England, and is between Maryport and Wigton, on the A596. ... Barrow-in-Furness is a town in Cumbria, England. ... For other towns with the same or similar names, see Bowness. ... Brampton is a small market town in Cumbria, England about 14 km east of Carlisle and 2 Roman miles south of Hadrians Wall. ... Broughtom-in-Furness is a small town in the Lake District National Park. ... For other uses, see Carlisle (disambiguation). ... Cleator Moor is a small town in the county of Cumbria, England. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Market Street, Dalton-in-Furness Dalton-in-Furness is a small town of approximately 11,000 people outside Barrow-in-Furness. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Grange-over-Sands is a town in Cumbria, England, and in the traditional county of Lancashire. ... Harrington is on the Cumbrian coast south of Workington and North of Whitehaven. ... For the 1832-1918 Parliamentary constituency, see Kendal (UK Parliament constituency). ... The Moot Hall in the centre of Keswick. ... Kirkby Lonsdale is a town in Cumbria, UK, on the River Lune. ... Location within the British Isles. ... Longtown is a town in northern Cumbria, United Kingdom, with a population of around 3,000. ... , Maryport is a town within the Allerdale borough of Cumbria, England. ... , Millom is a town on the estuary of the River Duddon in Cumbria, England, which, in Victorian Times, was merely a small hamlet by the name of Holborn Hill. ... Location within the British Isles Milnthorpe is a small market town in Westmorland (now Cumbria). ... Statistics Population: 14,756 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: NY515305 Administration District: Eden Shire county: Cumbria Region: North West England Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: Cumbria Historic county: Cumberland Services Police force: Cumbria Constabulary Fire and rescue: {{{Fire}}} Ambulance: North West Post office and telephone... Sedbergh (pronounced Sedber or even, by the locals, Sebber) is a small town in the county of Cumbria, traditionally part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. ... Silloth is a port in Cumbria, on the Solway Firth, 36 km west of Carlisle. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Wigton is a town in the county of Cumbria in England. ... Windermere is a town in Cumbria, England, in the historic county of Westmorland. ... This is a list of civil parishes in Cumbria, England. ...

Contents

History GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");