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| | Communism | | History of communism
This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ...
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Schools of communism
Marxism · Leninism
Trotskyism · Maoism
Left communism
Council communism
Anarchist communism
Christian communism
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism (the forerunner of Communism) and is a branch in its own right (it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ...
Maoism or Mao Zedong Thought (Chinese: 毛泽东æ€æƒ³, pinyin: Máo ZédÅng SÄ«xiÇŽng), is a variant of Marxism-Leninism derived from the teachings of Mao Zedong (1893–1976). ...
Left Communism is a term describing a whole range of communist viewpoints which oppose the political ideas of the Bolsheviks from a position which is asserted to be more authentically Marxist and proletarian than the views held by the Communist International after its first two Congresses. ...
Council communism was a radical Left movement originating in Germany and the Netherlands in the 1920s. ...
Anarchist communism, also known as Communist anarchism, Anarcho-communism, or Libertarian communism, is a political ideology related to Libertarian socialism. ...
Christian communism is a form of religious communism centered around Christianity. ...
Communist parties
Communist International
World Communist Movement
International Communist Current
Communist Workers International
Fourth International In modern usage, a communist party is a political party which promotes communism, the sociopolitical philosophy based on Marxism. ...
The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ...
The International Communist Current is a centralised international left communist organisation with sections throughout the world. ...
The Communist Workers International (German: Kommunistische Arbeiter-Internationale, KAI), also known as the Fourth International, was a council communist international. ...
For the left communist Fourth International, see Communist Workers International. ...
Communist states
The Soviet Union
People's Republic of China
Cuba · Vietnam
Laos · North Korea
A Communist state is a term for a nation-state governed by a single political party which declares its allegiance to the principles of Marxism-Leninism. ...
Related subjects
Socialism
Titoism
Marxism-Leninism
Eurocommunism
Religious communism
New Left
Planned economy
Historical materialism
Anti-communism
Socialism is an ideology of a social and economic system in which the means of production are collectively owned and administered by all of society. ...
Titoism is a term describing political ideology named after Yugoslav leader, Josip Broz Tito, primarily used to describe the schism between the Soviet Union and Socialist Yugoslavia after the Second World War (see Cominform) when the Communist Party of Yugoslavia refused to take further dictates from Moscow. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various European communist parties to widen their appeal by embracing public sector middle-class workers, new social movements such as feminism and gay liberation, rejecting support of the Soviet Union, and expressing more clearly their fidelity to democratic institutions. ...
Religious communism is a term used by some Communists that claim that before communism became associated with atheism, the word communism was mainly used by religious groups. ...
The New Left is a term used in political discourse to refer to radical left-wing movements from the 1960s onwards. ...
A planned economy is an economic system in which decisions about the production, allocation and consumption of goods and services is planned ahead of time, in either a centralized or decentralized fashion. ...
Historical materialism (or what Marx himself called the materialist conception of history - materialistische Geschichtsauffassung) is a social theory and an approach to the study of history and sociology, normally considered the intellectual basis of Marxism. ...
Anti-communism is the opposition to communist ideology, organization, or government, on either an ideological or pragmatic basis. ...
| | The World Communist Movement is an informal community of certain Communist parties around the world that have fraternal relations with the Communist Party of Greece (KKE) or have fraternal relations with Communist and Workers Parties that have fraternal relations with the KKE. This would include all the Parties involved with the conferences hosted over the last few years by the KKE, and Parties not involved, but supporting them. In modern usage, a communist party is a political party which promotes communism, the sociopolitical philosophy based on Marxism. ...
The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the communist party in Greece. ...
The present-day WCM evolved out of the tradition of the Communist International, which was dissolved in 1943. Broadly, the components of the WCM come out of the pro-Soviet Communist tradition. The general principle has been that one country hosts only one WCM member party. Exceptions from this rule were West Germany and Spain, which had separated regional CPs in West Berlin and Catalonia respectively. The WCM does not consist of all parties claiming to be communist, and it excludes Trotskyist parties as well as many of the anti-revisonist Marxist-Leninist organizations (the latter generally refer to themselves as belonging to an uncentered International Communist Movement). The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ...
1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...
State motto (Russian): Пролетарии вÑех Ñтран, ÑоединÑйтеÑÑŒ! (Transliterated: Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes!) (Translated: Workers of the world, unite!) Capital Moscow Official language None; Russian (de facto) Government Federation of Socialist republics Area - Total - % water 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Approx. ...
Boroughs of West Berlin West Berlin was the name given to the western part of Berlin between 1949 and 1990. ...
Capital Barcelona Official languages Spanish and Catalan In Val dAran, also Aranese. ...
Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. ...
In the communist or Marxist-Leninist movement, an anti-revisionist is one who favors a strict Stalinist or Maoist interpretation of Marxist-Leninist ideology. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism; it is a branch of Marxism (and it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
However, the WCM has not been devoid of internal strife. Under the leadership of the Italian Communist Party, a eurocommunist countercurrent emerged. The eurocommunists did not however break away entirely from the WCM, but remained as a faction within. In some countries (such as Sweden, United Kingdom, Australia, Finland, Spain, etc.) where eurocommunists at some point emerged victorious in the internal debates within the national parties, orthodox pro-Soviet forces organized separate communist parties, leading to situations when more than one party from one country was being represented in the WCM. The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista dItalia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that bodys congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno. ...
Eurocommunism was an attempt in the 1970s by various European communist parties to widen their appeal by embracing middle-class themes, rejecting unquestioning support of the Soviet Union and express more clearly their fidelity to the democratic institutions. ...
The downfall of the Soviet Union caused a severe political crisis to most pro-Soviet communist parties around the world. There were, however, clear national and regional differences in how the movement developed in the post-1989 situation. 1989 (MCMLXXXIX in Roman) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
During the Cold War a series of international and regional conferences and the international magazine World Marxist Review could be seen as gathering points of the WCM. Today, the role of gathering the movement has to some extent been taken over by the Communist Party of Greece, which hosts an annual meeting of communist parties.
Western Europe During the Cold War years, CPs existed in all European countries, except for the ministates Andorra, Liechtenstein and the Vatican. In Iceland, communists had opted for participation in a broader party, the Alþýðubandalagið. Combatants {{{combatant1}}} {{{combatant2}}} Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties {{{casualties1}}} {{{casualties2}}} {{{notes}}} The Cold War was the protracted geostrategic, economic and ideological struggle that emerged after World War II between the global superpowers of the Soviet Union and the United States, supported by their respective and emerging alliance partners. ...
The Peoples Alliance (Icelandic: Alþýðubandalagið) was an electoral alliance in Iceland from 1956 to 1968 and a political party from 1968 to 1998. ...
In Southern Europe, CPs emerged as major political forces during these years. In Italy, San Marino and France CPs competed for government power in the electoral processes. In Spain, Portugal and Greece, CPs formed the backbone of resistance to the repressive right-wing dictatorships, and after the downfall of these regimes the CPs became an important part of the electoral politics of each country.
In northern Europe, CPs did not develop into mass parties like in the Mediterranean countries, with the exception of Finland. CPs were however represented in most national parliaments during 1970´s-1980´s. The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ...
In Western Europe, the position of the eurocommunists was the strongest. Practically all parties had either eurocommunist majorities or minorities. Some parties such as the French Communist Party and the Communist Party of Spain switched between eurocommunist and more orthodox positions. The Communist Party of Greece was divided in two factions. During a street protest in 2005 in Paris The French Communist Party (French: Parti communiste français or PCF) is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. ...
PCE symbol The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España or PCE) is the third largest political party of Spain. ...
The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the communist party in Greece. ...
The following parties could be identified as eurocommunist during the 1980s:
The following parties could be identified as belonging to the orthodox tendency: The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista dItalia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that bodys congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno. ...
The Left Party (Vänsterpartiet) is a political party in Sweden. ...
The Communist party of the Netherlands (CPN, in Dutch Communistische Partij Nederland) was a communist party of the Netherlands. ...
The Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) was a political party in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1920 to 1991. ...
The Communist Party of Austria (de: Kommunistische Partei Österreichs, or KPÖ) is a communist party from Austria. ...
The Communist Party of Finland (Finnish: Suomen kommunistinen puolue, Swedish: Finlands kommunistiska parti, abbreviated SKP) is a former political party endorsing communism in Finland. ...
Party logo | The Coalition of the Left, of Social Movements and Ecology (Shorter: Coalition or SYN from the Greek: Synaspismos, Συνασπισμός), initially, until 2004, called Coalition of Left and Progress, is a Greek political party of the radical - democratic left. ...
The San Marino Communist Party (Partito Comunista Sammarinese) is a political party in San Marino. ...
PCE symbol The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España or PCE) is the third largest political party of Spain. ...
The PSUC (Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya, Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia), was formed through the unification fo socialist and communist parties in Catalonia in 1936. ...
The following parties were orthodox break-away groups from parties where eurocommunists had gained the upper hand: Advertisement of the German Communist Party, Those who take nothing from the rich can give nothing to the poor. ...
Communist Party of Denmark (in Danish: Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti), a political party in Denmark, was founded as Venstresocialistiske Parti (Left Socialist Party) in 1919. ...
The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the communist party in Greece. ...
The Communist Party of Norway (Norges Kommunistiske Parti) is a political party in Norway without parliamentary representation. ...
PCPs official symbol, featuring the hammer and sickle and the Portuguese national colors, red and green. ...
After 1989, some of the Western European CPs changed the character of their parties, towards a non-communist direction. Others maintained their communist character. The parties that abandonned communism did however evolve in very different directions, with some moving towards social democracy (like in Italy), left socialist positions (like in Sweden, Finland) and some even turned into Greens (like in the Netherlands). The New Communist Party of Britain is a small communist political party in Britain. ...
The Communist Party of Britain is a small socialist party operating in the United Kingdom, although it chooses not to be active in Northern Ireland where the Communist Party of Ireland works. ...
Flamman group, an orthodox pro-Soviet section with Vänsterpartiet Kommunisterna (Left Party - the Communists) that emerged as an internal fraction when C.H. Hermansson took over as party leader and distanced the party from Moscow. ...
Suomen kommunistinen puolue (yhtenäisyys) (SKPy) [Communist Party of Finland (Unity)] was a Finnish political party. ...
PCC symbol Party of the Communists of Catalonia (in Catalan: Partit dels i les Comunistes de Catalunya) is a political party in Catalonia, Spain. ...
Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (in Spanish: Partido Comunista de los Pueblos de España), a communist political party in Spain. ...
Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ...
The color red and particularly the red flag are traditional symbols of Socialism. ...
CPs turned social democrats:
The above mentioned processes gave birth to two new parties, who retained the communist identity: The Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI) or Italian Communist Party emerged as Partito Comunista dItalia or Communist Party of Italy from a secession by the Leninist comunisti puri tendency from the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) during that bodys congress on 21 January 1921 at Livorno. ...
Left Democrats can mean: Democrats of the Left (Democratici di Sinistra) - a political party in Italy Left Democrats (Vänsterdemokraterna) - a minor political party in Sweden This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
The San Marino Communist Party (Partito Comunista Sammarinese) is a political party in San Marino. ...
The Party of Democrats (Italian: Partito dei Democratici) is a political party in San Marino, led by Claudio Felici. ...
CPs turned general left parties/movements: The Communist Refoundation Party (Italian: Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) is an Italian reformed communist party. ...
San Marino Communist Refoundation (Rifondazione Comunista Sammarinese), political party in San Marino. ...
CPs merged into broader coalitions: The Left Party (Vänsterpartiet) is a political party in Sweden. ...
The Communist Party of Finland (Finnish: Suomen kommunistinen puolue, Swedish: Finlands kommunistiska parti, abbreviated SKP) is a former political party endorsing communism in Finland. ...
The Left Alliance (Vasemmistoliitto in Finnish, Vänsterförbundet in Swedish) is a political party in Finland. ...
The Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) was a political party in the United Kingdom, which existed from 1920 to 1991. ...
In the United Kingdom the Communist Party of Great Britain reformed itself into a left-leaning political multi-issue grassroots campaign group/think-tank called Democratic Left in 1991 based around the CPGBs Manifesto for New Times (1990, Lawrence & Wishart). ...
(Communist members who refused to accept the merge established the New Communist Party of the Netherlands) Party logo The Coalition of the Left, of Movements and Ecology (Shorter: Coalition, Greek: Synaspismos, Συνασπισμός) is a Greek political party of the radical left. ...
The Communist party of the Netherlands (CPN, in Dutch Communistische Partij Nederland) was a communist party of the Netherlands. ...
GroenLinks (GL, GreenLeft) is a political party in the Netherlands. ...
New Communist Party of the Netherlands (Nieuwe Communistische Partij Nederland) was founded in 1989 by a group of CPN-members who refused to join the GroenLinks (Green Left) together with the rest of the CPN. NCPN is mainly based in the Groningen province, where there is a strong communist tradition. ...
CPs that maintained their communist character: Communist Party of Denmark (in Danish: Danmarks Kommunistiske Parti), a political party in Denmark, was founded as Venstresocialistiske Parti (Left Socialist Party) in 1919. ...
The Unity List (Enhedslisten or Ø), also called the Danish Red-Green Alliance, is a political party in Denmark. ...
The PSUC (Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya, Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia), was formed through the unification fo socialist and communist parties in Catalonia in 1936. ...
Logo of the Iniciativa per Catalunya Verds (IC-V) party. ...
Advertisement of the German Communist Party, Those who take nothing from the rich can give nothing to the poor. ...
Communist Party (in French: Parti Communiste) is a political party in Wallonia, Belgium. ...
Communist Party (in Flemish: Kommunistische Partij) is a political party in Flanders, Belgium. ...
The Communist Party of Ireland (CPI; Irish: Páirtà Cumannach na hÉireann) is a small all-Ireland Marxist party. ...
PCE symbol The Communist Party of Spain (Partido Comunista de España or PCE) is the third largest political party of Spain. ...
The Communist Party of Greece, better known by its acronym ΚΚΕ (Greek: Κομμουνιστικό Κόμμα Ελλάδας, Kommunistiko Komma Elladas), is the communist party in Greece. ...
PCPs official symbol, featuring the hammer and sickle and the Portuguese national colors, red and green. ...
The Progressive Party of Working People (AKEL) (Greek: ΑνοÏθωτικό Κόμμα ΕÏγαζόμενου ΛαοÏ) is a socialist party in Cyprus. ...
Flamman group, an orthodox pro-Soviet section with Vänsterpartiet Kommunisterna (Left Party - the Communists) that emerged as an internal fraction when C.H. Hermansson took over as party leader and distanced the party from Moscow. ...
The Communist Party of Norway (Norges Kommunistiske Parti) is a political party in Norway without parliamentary representation. ...
The Communist Party of Austria (de: Kommunistische Partei Österreichs, or KPÖ) is a communist party from Austria. ...
Central and Eastern Europe In all Central and Eastern European states, the governing CPs lost their position as leading parties in the post-1989 process, even though some were able to return to government after having transformed themselves.
In Albania, the Party of Labour of Albania had distanced themselves from the WCM much earlier on. The League of Communists of Yugoslavia (SKJ) had a peculiar role, but was for most of the time excluded from the WCM. Some eurocommunist parties maintained contacts with SKJ. The Albanian Party of Labour (Partia e Punës e Shqipërisë, PPSh) was the sole legal political party in Albania during communist rule (1946-1991). ...
The Communist Party of Yugoslavia (after 1952 the League of Communists of Yugoslavia) was the ruling party of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1945 until the 1991. ...
The different Central and Eastern European CPs evolved in different ways in the post-1989 situation. Only in one country, the Czech Republic, did the CP remain as a communist party. In Eastern Germany, the SED evolved into the Party of Democratic Socialism, a strongly leftist socialist party. In other countries, the CPs turned into social democratic parties. In response to this, new communist parties were formed which took the place of the old CPs in the WCM.
Transformations:
New groups taking part in the WCM after 1989: The Bulgarian Communist Party (Balgarska Komunisticeska Partija) was the ruling party of the Peoples Republic of Bulgaria from 1946 until 1990 when it ceased to be a Communist state. ...
The Bulgarian Socialist Party (Bulgarian: Balgarska SocialistiÄeska Partija or БългарÑка ÑоциалиÑтичеÑка партиÑ) (BSP or БСП) is a political party in Bulgaria and successor to the Bulgarian Communist Party. ...
The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, in Czech and in Slovak: Komunistická strana Československa (KSČ) was a political party in Czechoslovakia that existed between 1921 and 1992. ...
The Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (Czech: Komunistická strana Čech a Moravy) is a communist party in the Czech Republic. ...
The Party of the Democratic Left (Slovak: Strana demokratickej ľavice) is a political party in Slovakia. ...
The logo of the SED The Socialist Unity Party of Germany (German: Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, or SED) was the governing party of East Germany from its formation in 1949 until the elections of 1990. ...
Party of Democratic Socialism is a political party in India; see Party of Democratic Socialism (India) the former name of a German political party; see Left Party (Germany). ...
The Hungarian Socialist Workers Party (Magyar Szocialista Munkáspárt (MSZMP) in Hungarian) was the ruling communist party of Hungary during the Cold War between 1956 and 1989. ...
The Hungarian Socialist Party (Hungarian: Magyar Szocialista Párt, MSZP) is a socialist party in Hungary. ...
The Polish United Workers Party (PUWP; in Polish, Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza, PZPR), was the governing political party in communist-ruled Poland from its creation (through a fusion of the communist Polish Workers Party and the left wing of the Polish Socialist Party) in December 1948 until the regimes...
Democratic Left Alliance (Polish: Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej, SLD) is one of the main Polish social democratic political parties. ...
- several Bulgarian groups, including the Marxist Platform of the BSP
- Workers Party (Hungary)
- Partidul Socialist al Muncii (Socialist Party of Labour, Romania), which later split and one section fused with the social democrats. The group that maintained their marxist identity and continued to be a referrent of the WCM is today known as Partidul Alianta Socialista (Socialist Alliance Party)
- Communist Party of Slovakia
- New Communist Party of Yugoslavia
Note: if you are looking for Hungarian Workers Party (in Hungarian: Magyar Dolgozók Pártja), click the link. ...
Party Symbol Socialist Alliance Party (Partidul Alianţa Socialistă) is a political party in Romania. ...
Old party In the past, the Communist Party of Slovakia (Slovak: Komunistická strana Slovenska -- KSS) was a communist party in Slovakia. ...
Middle East Communist parties exist or have existed in practically all countries in the region, except Libya and some small Gulf countries. In countries like Syria, Iraq, Iran and Bahrain, the communists played a major part in national politics, and were at various times contenders for state power. In most countries, however, (including some of the ones mentioned above, such as Iraq) communists have suffered under severe government repression. Another problem for the Middle Eastern communists were the tight connections between the Soviet Union and various Arab governments, which often put local communists in awkward positions. In general, the communists in the region have been severely weakened.
In several countries, the referrents of the WCM grew out of the Arab Nationalist Movement rather than the ComIntern. This is the case of the Yemeni Socialist Party (no longer a Marxist party today however), the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, the Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman (today largely defunct) and the Communist Party of Saudi Arabia (today defunct). Arab Nationalist Movement (Harakat al-Qaumiyeen al-Arabi), a radical pan-Arab nationalist organization. ...
The Yemen Socialist Party (اليمن لاشتراكي اØزب, Hizb al-Ishtirakiya al-Yamaniya) is a political party in Yemen. ...
The Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (Arabic: الجبهة الديموقراطية لتØرير Ùلسطين, transliterated Al-Jabhah al-Dimuqratiyah Li-Tahrir Filastin) is a Palestinian Marxist-Leninist political and military organization. ...
The Popular Front for the Liberation of Oman (in Arabic: الجبهة الشعبية لتØرير عÙمان - al-Jabhah al-Shaabiyah li-TahrÄ«r Uman) a Marxist and Arab nationalist revolutionary organisation in the Sultanate of Oman. ...
UDYS symbol Communist Party in Saudi Arabia, political party in Saudi Arabia. ...
Remaining WCM components are:
The Palestine Communist Party has transformed itself into the Palestinian People's Party, but a minority left the party and retook the name PCP. National Liberation Front - Bahrain, is a communist party in Bahrain. ...
The Tudeh Party of Iran (f. ...
One of the oldest multisectarian parties in Lebanon, the Lebanese Communist Party (LCP) was formed in 1924 by a group of intellectuals. ...
The Syrian Communist Party evolved out of the Syrian-Lebanese Communist Party founded in 1924. ...
The Syrian Communist Party evolved out of the Syrian-Lebanese Communist Party founded in 1924. ...
Kurds are one of the Iranian peoples and speak Kurdish, a north-Western Iranian language related to Persian. ...
As a noun, Christian is an appellation and moniker deriving from the appellation Christ, which many people associate exclusively with Jesus of Nazareth. ...
The Communist Party of Israel (known as Maki, an acronym for Miflaga Komunistit Yisraelit) was formed in 1948 by the remnant of the Communist Party of Palestine within the borders of the new state of Israel. ...
The word Jew ( Hebrew: יהודי) is used in a wide number of ways, but generally refers to a follower of the Jewish faith, a child of a Jewish mother, or someone of Jewish descent with a connection to Jewish culture or ethnicity and often a combination of these attributes. ...
Hadash (חדש) is a left wing, largely Arab, anti-Zionist popular front group in Israel made up of the Communist Party of Israel and other left-leaning political groups. ...
The Palestine Communist Party was formed in 1919 from the remnants of Jewish organizations that had been decimated by British deportation of leftists and also included Arab members. ...
The Palestinian Peoples Party (PPP, in Arabic Øزب الشعب الÙلسطيني Hizb al-Shab al-Filastini), is a socialist political party in the Palestinian territories and among the Palestinian diaspora. ...
In the Maghreb countries, the CPs distanced themselves from their ideological origins. Parti de l'Avant-Garde Socialiste of Algeria became the Mouvement Démocratique et Social and the Tunisian Communist Party became the Mouvement de la Rénovation-Ettajdid. The Party of Progress and Socialism of Morocco has retained its name but is no longer a marxist-leninist party. The Maghreb (المغرب العربي ; sometimes also rendered Moghreb), meaning western in Arabic, is the region of the continent of Africa north of the Sahara desert and west of the Nile — specifically, the modern countries of Morocco, Western Sahara (annexed and occupied by Morocco), Algeria, Tunisia, Libya — and to a much lesser extent...
Parti de lAvant-Garde Socialiste (Socialist Vanguard Party) was founded in 1966. ...
Tunisian Communist Party (Arabic: Hizb al-Shuyi at-Tunisi, French: Parti Communiste Tunisien), political party in Tunisia. ...
The Movement for Renewal or Democratic Initiative Movement (Mouvement de la Rénovation-Ettajdid or Mouvement Initiative Démocratique) is a political party in Tunisia. ...
The Party of Progress and Socialism (French: Parti du Progrès et du Socialisme) is a political party in Morocco. ...
The Communist Party of Turkey (TKP) fused with the Turkish Workers Party (TIP) to form the United Communist Party of Turkey (TBKP). TBKP made an attempt to register itself as a legal party, which failed. The people around TBKP later merged with the Freedom and Solidarity Party. The Party of Socialist Power (SIP) was renamed as TKP and has been granted the legal right to that name. This TKP today represents Turkey in the WCM. There are however several contenders to the name TKP, such as the Ürün(Harvest) group (which was formed out of elements of the original TKP). The Communist Party of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Komünist Partisi (TKP)) is a political party in Turkey. ...
United Communist Party of Turkey (in Turkish: Türkiye Birlesik Komünist Partisi) was a political party in Turkey. ...
Freedom and Solidarity Party (Özgürlük ve Dayanışma Partisi (ÖDP)) is a socialist party of Turkey founded in 1996 as a merger of several left-wing currents. ...
aliceinlampyland 20:13, 25 October 2005 (UTC) Category: Possible copyright violations ...
Africa In sub-Saharan Africa there were only a handful of original Communist Parties, a prominent example being the Communist Party of South Africa (later reconstructed as the South African Communist Party), which was the only ComIntern section in the region. The South African Communist Party (SACP) was founded in 1921 as the Communist Party of South Africa. ...
SACP symbol South African Communist Party (SACP) is a political party in South Africa. ...
The French Communist Party established a small branch in Senegal in 1925, led by Roger Roche. The French cell did however disappear as it was unable to expand. It did not have any Senegalese members. In 1943 French communists started the Communist Study Groups (GEC), which gradually started attracting African intellectuals. Later PCF would, instead of attempting to aid the build-up of communist parties in the French African colonies, develop close relations to the African Democratic Rally (RDA). Many of the founders of RDA had their background in GEC and there was a strong Marxist current in RDA. In the French National Assembly, RDA MPs sat together with the PCF delegation. However, under the leadership of Félix Houphouët-Boigny RDA turned from militant agitations to a moderate pro-French stance, and the link with PCF was definitely broken by 1955. However, several of the former member parties of RDA, such as the Sudanese Union in Mali, Union of the Peoples of Cameroon and the Democratic Party of Guinea would continue on a socialist path. During a street protest in 2005 in Paris The French Communist Party (French: Parti communiste français or PCF) is a political party in France which advocates the principles of communism. ...
1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Roger Roche was a French political activist in Senegal. ...
1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...
Communist Study Groups (in French: Groupes dEtudes Communistes), was a communist group in colonial French West Africa. ...
The African Democratic Rally (in French: Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) was a political party in French West Africa, led by Félix Houphouët-Boigny. ...
The Palais Bourbon, front The French National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) is one of the two houses of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. ...
Félix Houphouët-Boigny (fÄlÄ“ks´ oofwÄ´-bwä´nye) (October 18, 1905 - December 7, 1993) was the first President of Côte dIvoire (1960 - 1993). ...
1955 (MCMLV in Roman) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Sudanese Union-African Democratic Rally (Union Soudanaise-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) is a Malian political party. ...
The Union of the Peoples of Cameroon (French: Union des Populations du Cameroun) is a political party in Cameroon. ...
The Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally (Parti Démocratique du Guinée-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain) is a political party in Guinea. ...
In 1957 the first communist party was founded in French West Africa, the African Independence Party (PAI). PAI was initially based in Senegal, but later expanded. It would come to play an important role in Burkina Faso during the time of Thomas Sankara through its mass front Patriotic League for Development. 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
French West Africa (Afrique occidentale française, or AOF) was a federation of eight French territories in Africa: Mauritania, Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), Guinea, Côte dIvoire, Niger, Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso) and Dahomey (now Benin). ...
African Independence Party (in French: Parti Africain de lIndépendance) a communist party in French West Africa (AOF). ...
Thomas Sankara Thomas Sankara (December 21, 1949 - October 15, 1987) was a charismatic left-leaning leader in West Africa. ...
Patriotic League for Development (Ligue patriotique pour le développement, LIPAD) was an open mass front of the African Independence Party (PAI) in Burkina Faso. ...
As the emerging national liberation movements started building closer political relations to the Soviet Union, several of these groups came to adopt a Leninist party model, even though they sometimes didn't formally adopt Marxism-Leninism as their ideological foundation. Many of these parties, which sometimes became the dominant party in their respective countries, would emerge as referents of the WCM. Prominent examples include the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) of Angola and the Mozambican Liberation Front (FRELIMO) of Mozambique. However, following the fall of the Soviet Bloc these parties disassociated themselves from the WCM, and oriented themselves towards social democracy. Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism (the forerunner of Communism) and is a branch in its own right (it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
The MPLA flag The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (Movimento Popular de Libertação de Angola) is an Angolan political party that has ruled the country since independence in 1975. ...
The Liberation Front of Mozambique (better known under its abbreveration FRELIMO, pronounced fray-LEE-moo; Portuguese: Frente de Libertação de Moçambique) is a political party that has ruled Mozambique since independence in 1975. ...
Social democracy is a political ideology emerging in the late 19th and early 20th centuries from supporters of Marxism who believed that the transition to a socialist society could be achieved through democratic evolutionary rather than revolutionary means. ...
Today, the South African Communist Party is by far the most prominent African component of the WCM. Other CPs include the Party of Independence and Labour in Senegal (the original PAI) and the Communist Party of Lesotho. The Party of Independence and Labour (Parti de lIndépendence et du Travail) is a communist political party in Senegal. ...
The Communist Party of Lesotho (Mokhatio oa Makomonisi a Lesotho) was a political party in Lesotho, founded on May 5, 1962. ...
East & South-East Asia Communist parties have been established throughout the Far East region, and played an important role in most countries. In 1918, the revolution was victorious in Mongolia. The Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) had emerged out of the socialist organization in 1920. The Communist Party of China was established in 1921, and the Communist Party of Japan (later Japanese Communist Party) was established in 1922. The Comintern delegated the Indonesian communist Tan Malaka to build up the Comintern sections in the South-East Asian region, but this work gave little fruit. In 1925, the South Seas Communist Party was formed out of CPC exile units in South-East Asia. SSCP functioned as a preliminary organization before national CPs were formed. In 1930, the Indochina Communist Party was formed under the leadership of Ho Chi Minh, and CPs were also formed in the Philippines, Siam, Malaya and Burma. 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ...
The Communist Party of Indonesia (in Bahasa Indonesia: Partai Komunis Indonesia, PKI) was a communist party in Indonesia. ...
1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ...
The Communist Party of China (CPC) or Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (Simplified Chinese: ä¸å›½å…±äº§å…š; Traditional Chinese: ä¸åœ‹å…±ç”£é»¨; Hanyu Pinyin: ) is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
The Japanese Communist Party (JCP) (日本共産党), in Japanese known as Nihon KyÅsan-tÅ is a political party of Japan based on communism. ...
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South Seas Communist Party (also called Nanyang Communist Party) was a communist party in South-East Asia established in 1925 when the Communist Party of China separated its exile branches in the region to make way for local communist parties. ...
Hồ Chà Minh Hồ Chà Minh (Chinese : 胡志明) (help· info) (May 19, 1890 – September 2, 1969) was a Vietnamese revolutionary and statesman, who later became Prime Minister (1946-1955) and President (1955-1969) of North Vietnam. ...
For the country formerly called Siam see Thailand SIAM is an acronym for Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. ...
The Federation of Malaya, or in Malay Persekutuan Tanah Melayu, was formed in 1948 from the British settlements of Penang and Malacca and the nine Malay states and replaced the Malayan Union. ...
During the Second World War, communists were engaged in anti-fascist resistance struggles against Japanese occupations. This gave Asian communists military experiences and an expanding political base. At the end of the War, communists were in a much stronger position than before. Revolutions were victorious in China, North Korea and North Vietnam. Armed struggles began in Malaysia and Burma. In Indonesia, the PKI became a mass party, with a membership of around two million. The Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRVN), or less commonly, Vietnamese Democratic Republic (Vietnamese: Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), also known as North Vietnam, was proclaimed by Ho Chi Minh in 1945 and was recognized by the Peoples Republic of China and the Soviet Union...
After the Sino-Soviet split, a large number of South-East Asian CPs followed the Communist Party of China. Several parties, such as in Mongolia, Vietnam and North Korea took an ambiguous stand toward the split in the beginning. These countries did however identify themselves more clearly with the Soviet side as the Sino-Soviet conflict developed, especially in the case of the Vietnamese party. The Communist Party of Japan distanced themselves from the Soviet Union and developed a close relationship with the eurocommunist parties. CPJ was the only major non-Western CP to follow eurocommunism. All people of the world unite, to overthrow American imperialism, to overthrow Soviet revisionism, to overthrow the reactionaries of all nations! (Chinese propaganda poster, 1969) — bold text corresponds to blackened characters The Sino-Soviet split was a major diplomatic conflict between the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of...
The Communist Party of China (CPC) or Chinese Communist Party (CCP) (Simplified Chinese: ä¸å›½å…±äº§å…š; Traditional Chinese: ä¸åœ‹å…±ç”£é»¨; Hanyu Pinyin: ) is the ruling political party of the Peoples Republic of China. ...
The Japanese Communist Party (JCP) (日本共産党), in Japanese known as Nihon KyÅsan-tÅ is a political party of Japan based on communism. ...
South Asia The Indian communist movement was born at a meeting in Tashkent in 1920. However, the Communist Party of India today considers December 26, 1925, as the founding date of the party. CPI was allowed full membership of the Communist International in 1934. Out of CPI, the Communist Party of Pakistan was born in 1948. CPP in its turn would later be divided and give birth to the Communist Party of East Pakistan (today Communist Party of Bangladesh). The Communist Party of Nepal was founded in Calcutta, India in 1949. The Communist Party of Sri Lanka was born in 1943, formed out of the pro-Soviet wing of the Lanka Sama Samaja Party. Tashkent Tashkent (Toshkent or Тошкент in Uzbek, Ташкент in Russian; its name translates from the Turkoman language to Stone City in English) is the current capital of Uzbekistan and also of Tashkent Province. ...
1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar) // Events January January 7 - Forces of Russian White admiral Kolchak surrender in Krasnoyarsk. ...
The Communist Party of India (CPI) is a political party in India. ...
1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ...
The first edition of Communist International, journal of the Comintern published in Moscow and Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) in May 1919. ...
1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Communist Party of Pakistan, a communist political party in Pakistan. ...
1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...
Poster of the CPB commemorating the 50th anniversary of its foundation (as part of the Communist Party of Pakistan The Communist Party of Bangladesh is a Communist party in Bangladesh. ...
The Communist Party of Nepal was founded in Calcutta, India, on April 29, 1949. ...
This article is on Calcutta/Kolkata, the city. ...
1949 (MCMXLIX) is a common year starting on Saturday. ...
CPSL May Day poster in Kandy CPSL Kandy provincial election candidate, CYF President Raja Uswetakeiyyawa Communist Youth Federation The Communist Party of Sri Lanka is a communist political party in Sri Lanka. ...
1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ...
The Lanka Sama Samaja Party (literally Ceylon Equal Society Party, in Sinhala: ලංක෠සම සමà·à¶¢ පක්ෂය, in Tamil: லஙà¯à®•à®¾ சமசமாஜக௠கடà¯à®šà®¿) is a trotskyist political party in Sri Lanka. ...
CPI was divided in 1964 when its left-wing created a separate party, the Communist Party of India (Marxist). CPI(M) was initially perceived as somewhat pro-Chinese, but is was never a full-fledged Maoist party. In 1967, the maoists broke away from CPI(M), later forming the Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist). These splits in the Indian communist movement created reprecussions in the neighbouring countries, especially Nepal and Bangladesh. For the Nintendo 64 emulator, see 1964 (Emulator). ...
The Communist Party of India (Marxist), or CPI(M), is a political party in India. ...
1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) was formed by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. ...
Latin America The oldest CP in the region is Partido Comunista de Chile, which was founded as Partido Obrero Socialista in 1912. The first group to be organized as a modern communist party was Partido Comunista de México, founded by the Indian revolutionary M.N. Roy. During the Cold War years, CPs existed in all countries in the region. Politics of Chile President of Chile Political parties in Chile Elections in Chile: Presidential: 1925 - 1927 - 1931 - 1932 - 1938 - 1941 - 1946 - 1952 - 1958 - 1964 - 1970 - 1989 - 1993 - 1999 - 2005 The Communist Party of Chile (Spanish: Partido Comunista de Chile) is a Chilean political party that advocates communism. ...
The Mexican Communist Party (Spanish: Partido Comunista Mexicano, PCM) was a communist party in Mexico. ...
Categories: Stub | Indian politicians | 1887 births | 1954 deaths ...
In Central America, the CPs of El Salvador, Guatemala and Honduras united with guevarist and other revolutionary organizations to form united revolutionary fronts. When these guerilla organizations turned political parties during the 1990s, the CPs fused with the new parties.
In Spanish-speaking South America, CPs remain active in all countries. In Ecuador, the CP had merged with the Socialist Party, but a group later resurrected the PCE.
In Brazil, the Partido Comunista Brasiliero became the Partido Popular Socialista and moved towards a more center-left position. The role of the PCB as the Brazilian referent has been taken over by a breakaway group from 1956, Partido Comunista do Brasil, and to a minor extent by a group that resurrected a party with the name Partido Comunista Brasiliero when the old one became PPS. The history of the Brazilian Communist Party (in Portuguese, Partido Comunista Brasileiro), best known by the abbreviation PCB, started with its foundation on March 25, 1922 in the city of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro. ...
The Communist Party of Brazil (in Portuguese Partido Comunista do Brasil), better known by its abreviation PCdoB, is a major political party in Brazil. ...
The Communist Party of Cuba (PCC) plays an important role in the WCM. PCC amalgated the earlier CP and WCM referent in Cuba, the Partido Socialista Popular. However, in its international relations in Latin America and the Caribbean, PCC often gives priority to broader leftist or guevarist national liberation movements rather than traditional pro-Soviet CPs. The Communist Party of Cuba (Spanish: Partido Comunista de Cuba, PCC) is the ruling party of Cuba. ...
North America The Communist Party USA suffered a split in 1992: moderates established the Committees of Correspondence as a non-Leninist democratic socialist caucus when the 1991 CPUSA convention failed to change the party's direction away from the Soviet model following the collapse of the Soviet Union. The group soon left the party and, in 2000, changed its name to the Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism. The CPUSA continues to exist as a Communist Party, and is actively maintaining links to the WCM. The Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) is one of several Marxist-Leninist groups in the United States. ...
Vladimir Lenin in 1920 Leninism is a political and economic theory which builds upon Marxism (the forerunner of Communism) and is a branch in its own right (it has been the dominant branch of Marxism in the world since the 1920s). ...
Democratic socialism is a political movement propagating the ideals of socialism within the framework of a parliamentary democracy. ...
1991 (MCMXCI in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The rise of Gorbachev Although reform stalled between 1964–1982, the generational shift gave new momentum for reform. ...
The Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism is a democratic socialist group in the United States which originated in 1992 as the Committees of Correspondence, a moderate, dissenting wing of the Communist Party USA. Named after the committees of correspondence of the American Revolution, the group was critical of...
The Communist Party of Canada voted to dissolve itself in 1991, but a minority faction refused to do so and relaunched itself as the Communist Party of Canada in 1992. The majority faction transformed itself into the Cecil-Ross Society, a progressive political foundation. The majority took most of the old party's assets. The minority party struggled to survive and was decertified by Elections Canada when it was unable to run a sufficient number of candiates in the 1993 election. However, the party fought the decertification, had it overturned in court, and has re-established itself as a functioning organization, although much smaller than the old CPC. The Communist Party of Canada is a communist political party in Canada. ...
1991 (MCMXCI in Roman) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...
The Cecil-Ross Society was a socialist educational foundation operated by the former majority of the Communist Party of Canada after they were forced to terminate their association with the party in 1992 in a political and legal dispute following the fall of the Soviet Union. ...
Elections Canada is the non-partisan agency of the Government of Canada responsible for the conduct of federal elections and referendums. ...
Popular vote map with bar graphs showing seat totals in the provinces and territories PC leader Kim Campbell. ...
Oceania The Communist Party of Australia took a eurocommunist position, which led to the formation of an orthodox break-away party, the Socialist Party of Australia. When the old CPA dissolved, SPA took the name CPA. This article is about the historical Communist Party of Australia, dissolved in 1991. ...
For the pre-1991 Communist Party of Australia, see Communist Party of Australia The Communist Party of Australia is a minor political party in Australia. ...
The Communist Party of New Zealand was the only one of the old "western" CPs that took the side of China in the Sino-Soviet split. This led to the formation of a pro-Soviet group, the Socialist Unity Party. The SUP has since dissolved and been replaced by the Socialist Party of Aotearoa (a group that broke away from SUP in 1990) in the WCM. The Communist Party of New Zealand was a Communist political party operating in New Zealand. ...
All people of the world unite, to overthrow American imperialism, to overthrow Soviet revisionism, to overthrow the reactionaries of all nations! (Chinese propaganda poster, 1969) — bold text corresponds to blackened characters The Sino-Soviet split was a major diplomatic conflict between the Soviet Union and the Peoples Republic of...
The Socialist Unity Party was one of the better-known communist parties in New Zealand. ...
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