The XI Corps (Eleventh Corps) was a This article is about a military unit. For alternate meanings see Corps (disambiguation). A corps (a word that immigrated from the French language, but originating in the Latin corpus, corporis meaning body; plural same as singular) is a large military unit or formation. In many armies, it refers to a... corps of the The Union Army refers to the United States Army during the American Civil War. The Union Army is also known as the Northern Army, and the Federal Army. History of the Union Army Formation of the Union Army When the American Civil War began in April 1861, there were only... Union Army during the The American Civil War was fought in the United States from 1861 until 1865 between the United States – forces coming mostly from the 23 northern states of the Union – and the newly-formed Confederate States of America, which consisted of 11 southern states that had declared their secession... American Civil War, best remembered for its humiliating defeats at the battles of Battle of Chancellorsville Conflict American Civil War Date April 30 – May 6, 1863 Place Spotsylvania County Result Decisive Confederate victory The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War in 1863. Called Lees perfect battle, it pitted U.S. Major General Joseph Hookers... Chancellorsville and Battle of Gettysburg Conflict American Civil War Date July 1–3, 1863 Place Adams County Result Union victory The Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1– 3, 1863), fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign, was the largest battle ever conducted in... Gettysburg in 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events January January 1 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War. January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 - Ground is broken in Sacramento... 1863.

Formation and the Valley Campaign

On June 26 is the 177th day of the year (178th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 188 days remaining. Events 600-1899 684 - Benedict II becomes Pope. 1483 - Richard III becomes king of England. 1819 - The bicycle is patented. 1900-1999 1924 - American occupying forces leave the Dominican... June 26, Events January-March January 10 - End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Amasa Leland Stanford. January 30 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched. February 1 - Julia Ward Howes Battle Hymn of the Republic is published for the... 1862, Seal of the President of the United States, official impression The President of the United States is the head of state of the United States. Under the U.S. Constitution, the President is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Because... President Abraham Lincoln ( February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865), sometimes called Abe Lincoln and nicknamed Honest Abe, the Rail Splitter, and the Great Emancipateer, was the 16th ( 1861– 1865) President of the United States, and the first president from the Republican Party. Lincoln staunchly opposed the expansion of slavery... Abraham Lincoln ordered that "the troops of the Mountain Department, heretofore under command of General [ John C. Frémont John Charles Frémont ( January 21, 1813– July 13, 1890), birth name John Charles Fremon [Harvey, p.192], was an American military officer, explorer, and the first candidate of the United States Republican Party for the office of President of the United States... John C. Frémont ], shall constitute the First Army Corps, under the command of General Frémont." The corps thus formed was, for the most part, the same as the one afterwards known as the XI Corps, and within a short time it was officially designated as such. This order of President Lincoln was included in the one constituting Major General John Pope John Pope (March 18, 1822 – September 23, 1892) was a career Army officer and general in the American Civil War. Pope was born at Louisville, Kentucky, graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1842, and joined the Topographical Engineers. After serving in Florida and... John Pope's The Army of Virginia was organized as a major unit of the Union Army and operated briefly and unsuccessfully in 1862 in the American Civil War. It should not be confused with its principal opponent, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by Robert E. Lee. History The Army of... Army of Virginia, which was formed from the three commands of Frémont, Nathaniel Prentiss Banks (January 30, 1816–September 1, 1894), American politician and soldier, was born at Waltham, Massachusetts. He received only a common school education and at an early age began work as a bobbinboy in a cotton factory of which his father was superintendent. Subsequently he edited a... Nathaniel P. Banks, and General Irvin McDowell Irvin McDowell (October 15, 1818 - May 4, 1885) was an American military officer, famous for his participation in the American Civil War. Born in Franklin County, Ohio, McDowell graduated from West Point in 1838, and was posted to the 1st Artillery. He was a tactics instructor for... Irvin McDowell. Frémont's troops had seen considerable service in western State nickname: Old Dominion Other U.S. States Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Governor Mark R. Warner Official languages English Area 110,862 km² (35th)  - Land 102,642 km²  - Water 8,220 km² (7.4%) Population (2000)  - Population 7,196,750 (12th)  - Density... Virginia (modern State nickname: Mountain State Other U.S. States Capital Charleston Largest city Charleston Governor Joe Manchin Official languages None Area 62,809 km² (41st)  - Land 62,436 km²  - Water 376 km² (0.6%) Population (2000)  - Population 1,808,344 (37th)  - Density 29.0 /km... West Virginia), having fought hard in the The Valley Campaign was Confederate General Stonewall Jacksons brilliant campaign through the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia in 1862, during the American Civil War. While Major General George B. McClellans Army of the Potomac was attacking up the James River Peninsula, General Robert E. Lee sent Jackson into the Shenandoah... Valley Campaign against For the 1960s country music artist, see Stonewall Jackson (musician); for the submarine, see USS Stonewall Jackson (SSBN-634). Thomas Jonathan Stonewall Jackson (January 21, 1824–May 10, 1863) was an American teacher and soldier. He became a famous Confederate general during the American Civil War, and was killed... Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson at Battle of McDowell Conflict American Civil War Date May 8, 1862 Place Highland County, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Battle of McDowell, also known as the Battle of Sitlingtons Hill, took place on May 8, 1862 in Highland County, Virginia as part of Confederate Army General Thomas J. Jackson... McDowell and Battle of Cross Keys Conflict American Civil War Date June 8, 1862 Place Rockingham County, Virginia Result Confederate victory The Battle of Cross Keys took place on June 8, 1862 in Rockingham County, Virginia as part of Confederate Army General Thomas J. Jacksons Campaign through Shenandoah Valley, Virginia during... Cross Keys.

Major General Franz Sigel Franz Sigel ( November 18, 1824 – August 21, 1902) was a German military officer and immigrant to the United States who was a teacher, newspaperman, politician, and served as a Union general in the American Civil War. Sigel was born in Sinsheim, Germany. He graduated from Karlsruhe Military... Franz Sigel succeeded to Frémont's command on June 29 is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 185 days remaining. Events 1600-1899 1613 - The Globe Theatre burns to the ground. 1749 - New Governor, Charles de la Ralière Des Herbiers, arrives at Isle Royale (Cape Breton Island). 1786... June 29, Events January-March January 10 - End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Amasa Leland Stanford. January 30 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched. February 1 - Julia Ward Howes Battle Hymn of the Republic is published for the... 1862. The XI Corps was composed predominantly of The word German can mean: From or related to Germany or its predecessor states - see also the German language Germanic tribes Holy Roman Empire (843-1806) German Confederation (1815-1866) North German Confederation (1867 - 1871) German Empire (1871-1918) Weimar Republic (1919-1933) Nazi Germany (1933-1945) West Germany (1949... German immigrants. Many of these soldiers could speak little English beyond "I fights mit Sigel", which was their proud slogan. President Lincoln chose Sigel less for his military skills than his influence on this important political constituency. Sigel was in command at the First Battle of Bull Run Conflict American Civil War Date July 21, 1861 Place Fairfax County and Prince William County Result Confederate victory The First Battle of Bull Run, referred to as the First Battle of Manassas in the South, (July 21, 1861) was the first major land battle of... First Battle of Bull Run, where the corps encountered more hard fighting, losing 295 killed, 1,361 wounded, and 431 missing; total, 2,087. At this time the three divisions were commanded by Generals Robert C. Schenck, Adolph von Steinwehr, and Carl Schurz Carl Schurz (March 2, 1829–May 14, 1906) was a German revolutionist and American statesman and reformer. His wife Margaretta Schurz was instrumental in establishing the kindergarten system in the U.S. Schurz was born in Liblar (now Erftstadt), the son of a school teacher. He studied... Carl Schurz (all with German-speaking skills); there was also an independent brigade attached, under the command of Brig. Gen. Robert H. Milroy.

By General Orders No. 129, September 12 is the 255th day of the year (256th in leap years). There are 110 days remaining. Events 490 BC - Athens defeats Persia at the Battle of Marathon 1213 - Peter II of Aragon, the king of Aragon, died at the Battle of Muret. 1609 - Henry Hudson discovers the Hudson... September 12, Events January-March January 10 - End of term for John Gately Downey, 7th Governor of California. He is succeeded by Amasa Leland Stanford. January 30 - The first American ironclad warship, the USS Monitor is launched. February 1 - Julia Ward Howes Battle Hymn of the Republic is published for the... 1862, the corps's designation was changed to that of the XI Army Corps, a necessary change, as McDowell's command had resumed its original title of the I Corps. During the Maryland Campaign, and during the fall of 1862, the XI Corps remained in northern Virginia, in front of Aerial photo (looking NW) of the Washington Monument and the White House in Washington, DC. Washington, D.C., officially the District of Columbia (also known as D.C.; Washington; the Nations Capital; the District; and, historically, the Federal City) is the capital city and administrative district of the United... Washington, D.C., occupying various outposts in the vicinity of Centreville is an unincorporated place located in Fairfax County, Virginia. Recognized by the U.S. Census Bureau as a census designated place (CDP), the community had a total population of 48,661 as of the 2000 census. Geography Centreville is located at 38°5033 North, 77°2633 West... Centreville. In December, it marched to Fredericksburg, but was not present at the battle, after which it went into winter quarters at Stafford is a community of about 1600 people in the northern part of the U.S. state of Virginia, located 10 miles north of Fredericksburg. It is the county seat of Stafford County. The Marine Corps Base Quantico is located north of the community. Categories: US geography stubs | Stafford County... Stafford, Virginia.

Chancellorsville and Gettysburg

Major General Portrait of Oliver O. Howard by Mathew Brady, ca. 1860 General Oliver Otis Howard (1830 – 1909) was a one-armed American Civil War veteran who was involved in the post-Civil War battles against the Western Indian tribes. His most famous campaign was against the Nez Perce tribe, with... Oliver O. Howard replaced Sigel in command of the corps on April 2 is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 273 days remaining. Events 1453 - Mehmed II begins his siege of Constantinople (İstanbul), which would fall on May 29 1513 - Juan Ponce de Leon sets foot on Florida becoming the first... April 2, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events January January 1 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War. January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 - Ground is broken in Sacramento... 1863. (The reason for Sigel's relief is unclear. Some accounts cite failing health; others that he expressed his displeasure at the small size of his corps and asked to be relieved.)

General Howard commanded the corps at Battle of Chancellorsville Conflict American Civil War Date April 30 – May 6, 1863 Place Spotsylvania County Result Decisive Confederate victory The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major battle of the American Civil War in 1863. Called Lees perfect battle, it pitted U.S. Major General Joseph Hookers... Chancellorsville, May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). There are 244 days remaining. Events 300-1899 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. 1328 - Wars of Scottish Independence end: Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as... May 1– May 3 is the 123rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (124th in leap years). There are 242 days remaining. Events 1494 - Christopher Columbus discovers Jamaica. 1791 - The May Constitution of Poland (first modern constitution in Europe) is proclaimed by the Polish Diet. 1808 - Finnish War: Sweden loses... 3, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events January January 1 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War. January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 - Ground is broken in Sacramento... 1863, at which time it numbered 12,169 effectives, and was composed of the divisions of Generals Charles Devens (April 4, 1820–January 7, 1891) was an American lawyer, jurist and statesman. Born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, he graduated at Harvard College in 1838, and at the Harvard Law School in 1840, and was admitted to the bar in Franklin County, Massachusetts, where he practised from 1841... Charles Devens, von Steinwehr, and Schurz. It contained 27 regiments of infantry, of which 13 were German regiments. The men of the XI Corps were good soldiers, for the most part tried and veteran troops, but their leadership let them down. On May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). There are 244 days remaining. Events 300-1899 305 - Diocletian and Maximian retire from the office of Roman Emperor. 1328 - Wars of Scottish Independence end: Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton - England recognises Scotland as... May 1, For the author of Inherit the Wind and other works, see Robert Edwin Lee. Robert Edward Lee, as a U.S. Army Colonel before the war Robert Edward Lee (January 19, 1807–October 12, 1870) was a career army officer and the most successful general of the Confederate forces... Robert E. Lee and his top subordinate, "Stonewall" Jackson, came up with a risky, but daring, plan of attack. They would split their 40,000-man force at Chancellorsville, with Jackson taking his Second Corps of 28,000 men around to attack the Union right flank. On May 2 is the 122nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (123rd in leap years). There are 243 days remaining. Events 1194 - King Richard I of England gives Portsmouth its first Royal Charter. 1335 - Otto the Merry, Duke of Austria, becomes Duke of Carinthia 1568 - Mary I of... May 2, Jackson flawlessly executed his stealthy flanking march, whose target happened to be the unlucky XI Corps. The right flank of the Union line was not anchored to any geographic barrier, such as a river or mountain; the flank was "in the air". Although General Howard had been warned of For other meanings of confederate and confederacy, see confederacy (disambiguation) National Motto Deo Vindice (Latin: Under God our Vindicator) Official language English de facto nationwide Various European and Native American languages regionally Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9... Confederate movement across his front, he took no steps to prepare his command against Jackson's attack. When Jackson's corps struck at about 6 p.m., the XI Corps was completely unprepared, many of the men engaged in eating supper. The attack was a complete success and the high point of Jackson's military career, but it was an utter disaster for the XI Corps. Some of the brigades were able to change front to meet the attack, and made a gallant resistance for over an hour, seriously retarding the enemy's onset, after which they retired slowly and in good order. The loss of the corps at Chancellorsville was 217 killed, 1,218 wounded, and 972 captured or missing; total, 2,407.

At Battle of Gettysburg Conflict American Civil War Date July 1–3, 1863 Place Adams County Result Union victory The Battle of Gettysburg ( July 1– 3, 1863), fought in and around the town of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, as part of the Gettysburg Campaign, was the largest battle ever conducted in... Gettysburg the corps was still under the command of Howard; the divisions were under Generals Francis Barlow, Steinwehr, and Schurz, and contained 26 regiments of infantry and 5 batteries of artillery. The men of the Corps went into this battle with high anticipation and hopes that they could restore the reputation sullied at Chancellorsville. They arrived from south of town mid-day on July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. Events 1000-1899 1097 - Battle of Dorylaeum Crusaders under Bohemond of Taranto defeat a Turkish army under Qilich Arslan I. 1690 - Battle of the Boyne as reckoned under Julian... July 1, 1863 is a common year starting on Thursday. Events January January 1 - Abraham Lincoln delivers the Emancipation Proclamation during the second year of the American Civil War. January 1 - The first claim under the Homestead Act is made for a farm in Nebraska January 8 - Ground is broken in Sacramento... 1863, aware that the I Corps was already heavily engaged just to the west of town. General Howard deployed one division (von Steinwehr's) on the heights of Cemetery Hill is a small part of the battleground at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania that was distinguished because of its tactical value as having high ground over the city of Gettysburg. Categories: Stub | Adams County, Pennsylvania ... Cemetery Hill, as a reserve, and the other two divisions north of town. Howard briefly commanded the entire battle until the arrival of Portrait of Winfield S. Hancock during the Civil War Winfield Scott Hancock (February 14, 1824 - February 9, 1886) was born in Montgomery Square, Pennsylvania and named after the famous general Winfield Scott. Hancock would become a general himself, graduating West Point in 1844, and rising to the rank of major... Winfield S. Hancock.

The Confederate Second Corps under Richard Stoddert Ewell (February 8, 1817 - January 25, 1872) was a Confederate military officer during the American Civil War. Ewell was born in Georgetown, D.C.. He graduated from West Point in 1840, thirteenth in his class. He was commissioned in the First Dragoons, then became a First Lieutenant in... Richard S. Ewell arrived from the north with a devastating assault. Barlow's division was deployed on the right and he foolishly moved his force to a small hill (that is now known as Barlow's Knoll), causing a salient in the line that could be attacked from multiple directions. The division of the The name Jubal Early may refer to: Jubal Anderson Early - a Confederate General during the American Civil War Jubal Early - a character on the Firefly television series. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. If an article... Jubal Early took advantage of this and Barlow's division reeled back. Barlow himself was wounded and captured. The collapse of the corps right flank had a domino effect on its left and on the I Corps division to its left, resulting in a general retreat of Union forces through the town of Gettysburg to the safety of Cemetery Hill, losing many captured on the way. On the second day, the XI Corps participated in the gallant and successful defense of East Cemetery Hill against a second attack by Early. On the day before the battle of Gettysburg, the corps reported 10,576 officers and men for duty; its loss in that battle was 368 killed, 1,922 wounded, and 1,511 captured or missing; total, 3,801, out of less than 9,000 engaged.

Tennessee

Returning to Virginia after Gettysburg, on August 7 is the 219th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (220th in leap years), with 146 days remaining. There are 94 days in North Hemisphere summer, South Hemisphere winter. The Northern Hemisphere is considered to be halfway through the summer on August 7. Events 1600-1899 1679... August 7 the 1st Division (Alexander Schimmelfennig's) was permanently detached, having been ordered to Charleston is an American city located in Charleston County, South Carolina. The city was founded as Charlestown or Charles Towne, Carolina in 1670, and moved to its present location in 1690, when it had a population of 1200 and was the fifth largest city in North America. It adopted its... Charleston Harbor. On the September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years). There are 98 days remaining. Events 600-1899 622 - Muhammad completes his hegira from Mecca to Medina 1493 - Christopher Columbus departs on his second expedition to the New World 1664 - Netherlands surrenders New Amsterdam to England 1789... September 24, the 2nd and 3rd divisions (Steinwehr's and Schurz's) were ordered to State nickname: Volunteer State Other U.S. States Capital Nashville Largest city Memphis Governor Phil Bredesen Official languages English Area 109,247 km² (36th)  - Land 106,846 km²  - Water 2,400 km² (2.2%) Population (2000)  - Population 5,689,283 (16th)  - Density 53.29... Tennessee, together with the XII Corps. These two corps, numbering over 20,000 men, were transported, within a week, over 1,200 miles, and placed on the banks of the Tennessee River, at Bridgeport, without an accident or detention.

During the following month, on October 29 is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 63 days remaining. Events 437 - Valentinian III, Western Roman Emperor, marries Eudoxia, daughter of his cousin Theodosius II, Eastern Roman Emperor in Constantinople. This unifies the two branches of the House of... October 29, Howard's two divisions were ordered to the support of the XII Corps, in the midnight Battle of Wauhatchie, opening the supply lines to the besieged city of Chattanooga, Tennessee Chattanooga is the 4th largest city in Tennesseee, and the seat of Hamilton County 6, Tennessee in the United States of America. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 155,554. Located in Southeast Tennessee on the Tennessee River, near the border of... Chattanooga. Arriving there, Col. Orland Smith's Brigade of von Steinwehr's Division charged up a steep hill in the face of the enemy, receiving but not returning the fire, and drove James Longstreet James Longstreet (January 8, 1821 – January 2, 1904) was one of the foremost generals of the American Civil War, and later enjoyed a successful post-war career working for the government of his former enemies, as a diplomat and administrator. Early Life Longstreet was born in Edgefield... James Longstreet's veterans out of their entrenchments, using the bayonet alone. Some of the regiments in this affair suffered a severe loss, but their extraordinary gallantry won extravagant expressions of praise from various generals, high in rank, including General Ulysses Simpson Grant ( April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American Civil War general and the 18th ( 1869– 1877) president of the United States. Grant won many important battles, rose to become general-in-chief of all Union armies, and is credited with winning the war. But... Ulysses S. Grant. A part of the XI Corps was also actively engaged at The Battle of Missionary Ridge was a major battle of the American Civil War fought on November 25, 1863 in Chattanooga, Tennessee as part of the Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign. The Ridge runs basically north-south for several kilometers and varies in width from a few meters to over 200 meters... Missionary Ridge, where it cooperated with Portrait of William Tecumseh Sherman by Mathew Brady William Tecumseh Sherman (February 8, 1820 – February 14, 1891) was an American soldier, businessman, and author. He served as a general in the United States Army during the American Civil War (1861–1865), achieving both recognition for this outstanding command... William T. Sherman's forces on the left. After this battle it was ordered to East Tennessee for the relief of Alternate uses: Knoxville (disambiguation) Knoxville is a city located in Knox County, Tennessee, United States. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 173,890. It is the county seat of Knox County6, and is the third-largest city in the state of Tennessee. Its nickname... Knoxville, a campaign whose hardships and privations exceeded anything within the previous experience of the command.

In April, 1864, the two divisions of the XI Corps were broken up and transferred to the newly formed XX Corps. General Howard was transferred to the command of the The VI Corps (Sixth Corps) was a corps of the Union Army during the American Civil War. The corps was organized as the Sixth Provisional Corps on May 18, 1862, by uniting Major General William B. Franklins Division, which had just arrived on the Virginia Peninsula, with Maj. Gen... VI Corps, and, subsequently, was promoted to the command of the The Army of the Tennessee was a Union army in the American Civil War, named for the Tennessee River. It is not to be confused with the similarly named Army of Tennessee, which was a Confederate Army, named after the State of Tennessee. The Army of the Tennessee was formerly... Army of the Tennessee.

Command history

 * Corps assigned to the Union army in the west during the American Civil War, commanded at various times by Generals Robert Anderson, Don Carlos Buell, William S. Rosecrans, and George Thomas. The army won victories at the battles of Murfreesboro, Chattanooga, Franklin and Nashville, but was defeated at Chickamauga. It participated in the Grand... Army of the Cumberland; other entries assigned to the Generals Burnside, Hancock, Couch, Ferro, Patrick, Wilcox, Cochrane, Buford and others. Headquarters Army of the Potomac, November 10th 1862. The Army of the Potomac was the major Union Army in the Eastern Theatre of the American Civil War. History The Army of the Potomac was created in 1861, but was... Army of the Potomac

References

• Eicher, John H., & Eicher, David J.: Civil War High Commands, Stanford University Press, 2001, ISBN 0-8047-3641-3
• Fox, William F.: Regimental Losses in the American Civil War, Albany Publishing, 1889 (online text (http://www.civilwarhome.com/foxspref.htm))