Xenon hexafluoroplatinate is the description of the product obtained from the combination of platinum hexafluoride and xenon in an experiment that proved the chemical reactivity of the noble gases. Neil Bartlett at the University of British Columbia formulated the product as "Xe⁺[PtF₆]⁻", although subsequent work suggests that Bartlett's product was probably a mixture and did not in fact contain this specific salt. A chemical formula is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... The plimsoll symbol as used in shipping In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals exactly). ... Platinum hexafluoride is an extremely strong fluorinating agent. ... General Name, Symbol, Number xenon, Xe, 54 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 5, p Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 131. ... This article is about the chemical series. ... Neil Bartlett (born September 15, 1932) is an English-born American chemist. ... The University of British Columbia (UBC) is a Canadian public research university with campuses in Vancouver and Kelowna. ...

Preparation

"Xenon hexafluoroplatinate" is prepared from Xe and platinum hexafluoride (PtF₆) as gaseous solutions in SF₆. The reactants were combined at 77K and slowly warmed, presumably to allow for a controlled reaction. Platinum hexafluoride is an extremely strong fluorinating agent. ... Making a saline water solution by dissolving table salt (NaCl) in water This article is about chemical solutions. ... For other uses, see Kelvin (disambiguation). ...

Structure

The structure of "xenon hexafluoroplatinate" is likely not Xe⁺[PtF₆]⁻. The main problem with this formulation is "Xe⁺", which would be a radical and would dimerize or abstract an F atom to give XeF⁺. Thus, Bartlett discovered that Xe undergoes chemical reactions, but the nature of his initial mustard yellow product is complex.^[1] Further work indicates that Bartlett's product probably contained [XeF⁺][PtF₆]⁻, [XeF⁺][Pt₂F₁₁]⁻, [Xe₂F₃⁺][PtF₆⁻].^[2] The title "compound" is a salt, consisting of an octahedral anionic fluoride complex of platinum and various xenon cations.^[3] In chemistry, radicals (often referred to as free radicals) are atomic or molecular species with unpaired electrons on an otherwise open shell configuration. ... Sucrose, or common table sugar, is composed of glucose and fructose. ... General Name, Symbol, Number xenon, Xe, 54 Chemical series noble gases Group, Period, Block 18, 5, p Appearance colorless Standard atomic weight 131. ... An octahedron (plural: octahedra) is a polyhedron with eight faces. ... In chemistry, an anionic species is one that contains a full negative charge. ... Fluoride is the ionic form of fluorine. ... General Name, Symbol, Number platinum, Pt, 78 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 6, d Appearance grayish white Standard atomic weight 195. ...

It has been proposed that the platinum fluoride forms a negatively charged polymeric network with xenon or xenon fluoride cations held in its instices. A preparation of "XePtF₆" in HF solution results in a solid which has been characterized as a [PtF₅^-]_n polymeric network associated with XeF⁺. This result is evidence for such a polymeric structure of xenon hexafluoroplatinate.^[1] A polymer (from Greek: πολυ, polu, many; and μέρος, meros, part) is a substance composed of molecules with large molecular mass composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, connected by covalent chemical bonds. ... A cation is an ion with positive charge. ... Interstitials are a variety of crystallographic defects, i. ... Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound with the formula HF. Together with hydrofluoric acid, it is the principal industrial source of fluorine and hence the precursor to many important compounds including pharmaceuticals and polymers (e. ...

History

Main article: Noble gas compound

In 1962, Neil Bartlett discovered that a mixture of platinum hexafluoride gas and oxygen formed a red solid.^[4][5] The red solid turned out to be dioxygenyl hexafluoroplatinate, O₂⁺[PtF₆]^-. Bartlett later surmized that the ionization energies for O₂ molecule and Xe were similar. He then asked his colleagues to give him some xenon "so that he could try out some reactions",^{[citation needed]} whereupon he established that xenon indeed reacts with PtF₆. Although, as discussed above, the product was probably highly impure, Bartlett's discovery was the first proof that compounds could be prepared from a noble gas. His discovery illustrates that the discovery of new chemical methods often lead Initially to impure products. Since Bartlett's discovery, many well-defined compounds of xenon have been reported including XeF₂, XeF₄, and XeF₆. Noble gas compounds are chemical compounds that include an element from column 18 of the periodic table, the noble gases. ... Neil Bartlett (born September 15, 1932) is an English-born American chemist. ... Dioxygenyl ion IUPAC Name Molecular oxygen CAS Number 58238-79-2 Molecular formula O2 ... This article is about the chemical series. ... Xenon difluoride is a very powerful fluorinating agent, but it is one of the most stable xenon compounds. ... Xenon tetrafluoride, XeF4, is one of the few chemical compounds involving a noble gas. ... Xenon hexafluoride is the chemical compound with the formula XeF6. ...

References