NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Xia (Sixteen Kingdoms)

This article is part of the Sixteen Kingdoms series.
16 Kingdoms
Cheng Han
Han Zhao
Later Zhao
Former Liang
Later Liang
Western Liang
Northern Liang
Southern Liang
Former Qin
Later Qin
Western Qin
Former Yan
Later Yan
Northern Yan
Southern Yan
Xia
Not included in the 16 Kingdoms
Ran Wei
Western Shu
Western Yan
Duan
Yuwen
Chouchi
Wei (Dingling)
Dai

The Tiefu (Simplified Chinese character: 铁弗, Traditional Chinese character: 鐵弗, pinyin: Tiěfú) was a pre-state Xiongnu tribe during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. Its chieftain Liu Bobo established the state of Xia in 407 and changed his family name into Helian. Although the Xia only lasted up to 431, its capital Tongwan was certainly a heavily fortified and state-of-the-art city that would serve as a frontier garrison until the Song Dynasty. Its ruins was discovered in Qing Dynasty and can still be seen in present-day Inner Mongolia. The Sixteen Kingdoms, or less commonly the Sixteen States, were a collection of numerous short-lived sovereignities in the China proper and neighboring areas from AD 304 to 439 after the retreat of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) to South China and before the establishment of the Northern Dynasties. ... The Cheng Han (Simplified Chinese character: 成汉, Traditional Chinese character: 成漢, pinyin Chénghàn) (303 or 304-347) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Han Zhao (Simplified Chinese script: æ±‰èµµ, Traditional Chinese script: æ¼¢è¶™, pinyin: HÃ nzhÃ o) (304-329) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Chinese Jin Dynasty (265-420). ... The Later Zhao (Simplified Chinese character: 后赵, Traditional Chinese character: 後趙, Hanyu pinyin Hòuzhào) (319-351) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Former Liang (Chinese character: 前凉, Hanyu pinyin Qián Liáng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Later Liang (Simplified Chinese character: 后凉, Traditional Chinese character: 後凉, Hanyu pinyin Hòu Liáng) (320-376) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Western Liang (Chinese character: 西凉, Hanyu pinyin Xī Liáng) (400-421) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Northern Liang (Chinese character: åŒ—å‡‰, Hanyu pinyin BÄ•i LiÃ¡ng) (397-439) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Southern Liang (Chinese character: 南凉, Hanyu pinyin Nánliáng) (397-414) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Former Qin (Chinese character: 前秦, Hanyu pinyin Qiánqín) (351-394) was a state of the Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Later Qin (Simplified Chinese character: åŽç§¦, Traditional Chinese character: å¾Œç§¦, pinyin HÃ²uqÃn) (384-417) was a state of Qiang ethnicity of the Sixteen Kingdoms during the Jin Dynasty (265-420) in China. ... The Western Qin (Simplified Chinese character: 西秦, Traditional Chinese character: 西秦, pinyin Xīqín (385-400, 409-431)) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Former Yan (Simplified Chinese character: 前燕, Traditional Chinese character: 前燕, pinyin Qiányàn) (337-370) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Later Yan (Simplified Chinese character: 后燕, Traditional Chinese character: 後燕, pinyin Hòuyàn) (384-407 or 409) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Northern Yan (Simplified Chinese character: 北燕, Traditional Chinese character: 北燕, pinyin Bĕiyàn) (407 or 409-436) was a state of Han Chinese during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Southern Yan (Simplified Chinese character: 南燕, Traditional Chinese character: 南燕, pinyin Nányàn) (398-410) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... Ran Min (Simplified Chinese character: å†‰é—µ; Chinese character: å†‰é–”, pinyin: RÇŽn MÇn) was a Han Chinese military leader during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... Qiao Zong (d. ... The Western Yan (Simplified Chinese character: 西燕, Traditional Chinese character: 西燕, pinyin Xīyàn) (384-394) was a state of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Duan (Simplified Chinese character: 段, Traditional Chinese character: 段, pinyin Duàn) was a pre-state tribe of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... The Yuwen (Simplified Chinese character: 宇文, Traditional Chinese character: 宇文, pinyin Yǔwén) was a pre-state tribe of Xianbei and Hun ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... Related Topics Di Wu Hu List of past Chinese ethnic groups ... Wei (Chinese: é; pinyin: WÃ¨i) was a state of Dingling ethnicity that existed during Chinas Sixteen Kingdoms period -- specifically, from 388 to 392. ... Dai (Chinese character: ä»£, pinyin: DÃ i) was a state of the Tuoba clan of Xianbei ethnicity during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: ç®€ä½“å—; Traditional Chinese: ç°¡é«”å—; pinyin: jiÇŽntÇzÃ¬; also called ç®€åŒ–å—/ç°¡åŒ–å—, jiÇŽnhuÃ zÃ¬) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: æ±‰è¯æ‹¼éŸ³; Traditional Chinese: æ¼¢èªžæ‹¼éŸ³; Pinyin: , lit. ... A state is an organized political community, occupying a territory, and possessing internal and external sovereignty, which successfully claims the monopoly of the use of force. ... A Xiongnu belt buckle. ... Viewed historically or developmentally, a tribe consists of a social formation existing before the development of, or outside of, states. ... The Sixteen Kingdoms, or less commonly the Sixteen States, were a collection of numerous short-lived sovereignities in the China proper and neighboring areas from AD 304 to 439 after the retreat of the Jin Dynasty (265-420) to South China and before the establishment of the Northern Dynasties. ... // Events Gunderic becomes king of the Vandals and the Alans after the death of his father Godgisel Gratianus of Britain is assassinated and Constantine III takes his place at the head of the mutinous Roman garrison in Britain. ... Events June - Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene creed is declared to be complete. ... The Song Dynasty (Chinese: å®‹æœ) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... The Qing Dynasty (Manchu: daicing gurun; Chinese: æ¸…æœ; pinyin: qÄ«ng chÃ¡o; Wade-Giles: ching chao), sometimes known as the Manchu Dynasty, was a dynasty founded by the Manchu clan Aisin Gioro, in what is today northeast China, expanded into China proper and the surrounding territories of Inner... Inner Mongolia (Mongolian: ᠥᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠣᠨᠺᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠺᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ r Mongghul-un bertegen Jasaqu Orun; Chinese: 内蒙古自治区; Hanyu Pinyin: N i Měnggǔ Z qū) is an Autonomous Region of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

All rulers of the Xia declared themselves "emperors". Wang (King) and Huangdi (Emperor) The King or Wang (王 wang2) was the title of the Chinese head of state from the Zhou dynasty until the Qin dynasty. ...

Chieftains of the Tiefu and rulers of the Xia

Temple names	Posthumous names	Family names and given name	Durations of reigns	Era names and their according durations
Chinese convention: use family name and given name
Chieftains of the Tiefu
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉去卑 Liú Qùbēi	260 - 272	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉誥升爰 Liú Gàoshēngyuán	272 - 309	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉虎 Liú Hǔ	309 - 341	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉務恒 Liú Wùhéng	341-356	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉閼陋頭 Liú èlòutóu	356-358	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉悉勿祈 Liú Xīwùqí	358-359	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉衛辰 Liú Wèichén	359-391	Did not exist
Did not exist	Did not exist	劉勃勃 Liú Bóbó	391-407	Did not exist
Rulers of the Xia
Shizu (世祖 Shìzǔ)	Wulie (武烈 Wǔliè)	赫連勃勃 Hèlián Bóbó	407-425	Longsheng (龍升 Lóngshēng) 407-413 Fengxiang (鳳翔 Fèngxiáng) 413-418 Changwu (昌武 Chāngwǔ) 418-419 Zhenxing (真興 Zhēnxīng) 419-425
Did not exist	Did not exist	赫連昌 Hèlián Chāng	425-428	Chengguang (承光 Chéngguāng) 425-428
Did not exist	Did not exist	赫連定 Hèlián Dìng	428-431	Shengguang (勝光 Shèngguāng) 428-431

Temple names (Traditional Chinese: å»Ÿè™Ÿ Simplified Chinese: åº™å· Pinyin: miÃ o hÃ o;), are commonly used when naming most Chinese, Vietnamese (such dynasties as Tran,Anterior LÃª and Nguyen Dynasty) and most Korean rulers of the Goryeo and Joseon Dynasties. ... A posthumous name (Traditional Chinese: è«¡è™Ÿ/è¬šè™Ÿ Simplified Chinese: è°¥å·; Pinyin: shÃ¬ hÃ o; Romaji: shigÅ/tsuigÅ; Revised Romanization of Korean: siho) is a honorary name given to royalty in some cultures posthumously, that is, after the persons death. ... A Chinese surname, also called a clan name or family name (姓, pinyin: x ng; or 氏, shi), is one of the over seven hundred family names used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups. ... Chinese personal names follow a number of conventions different from those of Western personal names. ... See also: ERA (disambiguation page). ... Events Valerian I captured by the Persian king Shapur I; Gallienus becomes sole Roman emperor. ... Events Roman emperor Aurelian reconquers the kingdom of Palmyra (Egypt and large parts of Asia Minor), forcing queen Zenobia to flee to Parthia. ... Events Roman emperor Aurelian reconquers the kingdom of Palmyra (Egypt and large parts of Asia Minor), forcing queen Zenobia to flee to Parthia. ... Events The Spanish provinces revolt from the control of Maxentius, acknowledging Constantine as their Emperor Pope Marcellus I is banished from Rome, as is his successor Eusebius later that year Shapur II becomes king of Persia. ... Events The Spanish provinces revolt from the control of Maxentius, acknowledging Constantine as their Emperor Pope Marcellus I is banished from Rome, as is his successor Eusebius later that year Shapur II becomes king of Persia. ... Events The Council of Encaenia is held in Antioch. ... Events The Council of Encaenia is held in Antioch. ... Events February 8 - Roman authorities make an attempt to arrest Athanasius on the accusation of supporting the usurper Magnentius. ... Events February 8 - Roman authorities make an attempt to arrest Athanasius on the accusation of supporting the usurper Magnentius. ... Events Earthquake in Nicaea. ... Events Earthquake in Nicaea. ... Events Battle of Amida: Shapur II of Persia conquers Amida from the Romans. ... Events Battle of Amida: Shapur II of Persia conquers Amida from the Romans. ... Events All non-Christian temples in the Roman Empire are closed Quintus Aurelius Symmachus is urban prefect in Rome, and petitions Theodosius I to re-open the pagan temples. ... Events All non-Christian temples in the Roman Empire are closed Quintus Aurelius Symmachus is urban prefect in Rome, and petitions Theodosius I to re-open the pagan temples. ... // Events Gunderic becomes king of the Vandals and the Alans after the death of his father Godgisel Gratianus of Britain is assassinated and Constantine III takes his place at the head of the mutinous Roman garrison in Britain. ... Xia details several meanings in the Chinese language and the History of China: The season of summer (å¤) Xia (philosophy) is a Chinese philosophy similar (but not identical) to the chivalrous code of European knights. ... // Events Gunderic becomes king of the Vandals and the Alans after the death of his father Godgisel Gratianus of Britain is assassinated and Constantine III takes his place at the head of the mutinous Roman garrison in Britain. ... Events October 23 -Valentinian III becomes western Roman emperor. ... // Events Gunderic becomes king of the Vandals and the Alans after the death of his father Godgisel Gratianus of Britain is assassinated and Constantine III takes his place at the head of the mutinous Roman garrison in Britain. ... Events May 8 - Honorius signs an edict providing tax relief for the provinces of Italy that have been plundered by the Visigoths. ... Events May 8 - Honorius signs an edict providing tax relief for the provinces of Italy that have been plundered by the Visigoths. ... // Events December 28 - Boniface succeeds Zosimus as Pope Council of Carthage - discussion of Biblical canon Births Deaths December 26 - Pope Zosimus In Other Fields 418 is the area code for telephone numbers in the Quebec City region of the province of Quebec of Canada. ... // Events December 28 - Boniface succeeds Zosimus as Pope Council of Carthage - discussion of Biblical canon Births Deaths December 26 - Pope Zosimus In Other Fields 418 is the area code for telephone numbers in the Quebec City region of the province of Quebec of Canada. ... This article is about the year 419. ... This article is about the year 419. ... Events October 23 -Valentinian III becomes western Roman emperor. ... Events October 23 -Valentinian III becomes western Roman emperor. ... Events April 10 - Nestorius is made Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Events October 23 -Valentinian III becomes western Roman emperor. ... Events April 10 - Nestorius is made Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Events April 10 - Nestorius is made Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Events June - Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene creed is declared to be complete. ... Events April 10 - Nestorius is made Patriarch of Constantinople. ... Events June - Council of Ephesus: Nestorianism is rejected, the Nicene creed is declared to be complete. ...

Chieftains of the Tiefu and rulers of the Xia GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");

See also

Chieftains of the Tiefu and rulers of the Xia