Xiao Tong (蕭統) (501-531), courtesy name Deshi (德施), formally Crown Prince Zhaoming (昭明太子, literally "the accomplished and understanding crown prince"), later further posthumously honored as Emperor Zhaoming (昭明皇帝), was a crown prince of the Chinese dynasty Liang Dynasty. He was Emperor Wu (Xiao Yan)'s oldest son, who predeceased his father. Events Qi He Di succeeds Qo Dong Hun Hou as ruler of the Chinese Qi Dynasty Pope Symmachus is accused of various crimes, but claims that the secular rulers have no authority over him. ... Events End of the reign of Northern Wei Chang Guang Wang, ruler of the Chinese Northern Wei Dynasty. ... Cha can also refer to a Latin American dance, also called the Cha-cha-cha. ... A Crown Prince or Crown Princess is the heir or heiress apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy. ... Liang Dynasty (also: Leung in Cantonese,) 梁朝 (502-557) was the third of Southern dynasties in China, followed by the Chen Dynasty. ... Emperor Wu of Liang (梁武帝) (464-549), personal name Xiao Yan (蕭衍), courtesy name Shuda (叔達), nickname Lianer (ç·´å…’), was the founding emperor of the Chinese dynasty Liang Dynasty. ...

Birth and childhood

Xiao Tong was born to Xiao Yan, then a Southern Qi general nearing final victory in a civil war against the cruel and violent emperor Xiao Baojuan (often known by his posthumously demoted title of Marquess of Donghun), in winter 501. He was born at Xiao Yan's power base of Xiangyang (襄陽, in modern Xiangfan, Hubei), to Xiao Yan's concubine Ding Lingguang (丁令光). (Xiao Yan's wife Chi Hui (郗徽) had died in 499, and from that point on he had only concubines and never made any of them his wife.) After Xiao Yan's victory later in 501, he forced Emperor He of Southern Qi, whom he had supported as a rival claimant to the Southern Qi throne, to yield the throne to him in 502, ending Southern Qi and starting Liang Dynasty (as its Emperor Wu). The officials requested that he make Xiao Tong, then an infant, the crown prince, and while Emperor Wu initially declined on account that the empire had not been pacified, he did so in winter 502, when Xiao Tong was only one year old. After Xiao Tong was created crown prince, his mother Consort Ding, while not made empress, was given a special status co-equal with her son. The Southern Qi Dynasty 齊朝 (479-502) was the second of the Southern dynasties in China, followed by the Liang Dynasty. ... Events Qi He Di succeeds Qo Dong Hun Hou as ruler of the Chinese Qi Dynasty Pope Symmachus is accused of various crimes, but claims that the secular rulers have no authority over him. ... Xiangfan (Simplified Chinese: 襄樊; Pinyin: ) is a prefecture-level city in Hubei province, Peoples Republic of China. ... Hubei (Chinese: 湖北; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hu-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hupeh) is a central province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... A swampy marsh area ... Events March 1 - Pope Symmachus makes Antipope Laurentius bishop of Nocera in Campania. ... Emperor He of Southern Qi ((南)齊和帝) (488-502), personal name Xiao Baorong (蕭寶融), courtesy name Zhizhao (智昭), was the last emperor of the Chinese dynasty Southern Qi. ... Events End of the Qi Dynasty and beginning of the Liang Dynasty in southern China. ... Emperor is also a Norwegian black metal band; see Emperor (band). ...

Xiao Tong was said to be intellilgent, kind, and obedient to his parents from his childhood. As per customs of the time, in 506, he was housed in the Yongfu Mansion (永福省), the residence for the crown prince, in his childhood, but he missed his parents, and so every few days or so Emperor Wu would spend several days at Yongfu Mansion. (Whether Consort Ding did the same is not recorded in history.) In 515, he went through his rite of passage and was declared an adult, and Emperor Wu bestowed him a crown. Events Byzantine Empire and Persia accept a peace agreement based on status quo. ... Events Births Deaths Northern Wei Xuan Wu Di, ruler of the Chinese Northern Wei Dynasty Euphemius, deposed Patriarch of Constantinople Categories: 515 ... Shan boy undergoing Poy Sang Long initiation A rite of passage is a ritual that marks a change in a persons social or sexual status. ...

As adult

As Emperor Wu was an avid Buddhist, Xiao Tong also became one, and he studied sutras intently, often inviting Buddhist monks to his palace to preach and to discuss Buddhist doctrines. After his rite of passage, Emperor Wu also began to gradually have him handle more and more matters of state, becoming less involved in the day-to-day operations of the empire. A replica of an ancient statue found among the ruins of a temple at Sarnath Buddhism is a philosophy based on the teachings of the Buddha, Siddhārtha Gautama, a prince of the Shakyas, whose lifetime is traditionally given as 566 to 486 BCE. It had subsequently been accepted by... Sūtra (sex) (Sanskrit) or Sutta (Pāli) literally means a rope or thread that holds things together, and more metaphorically refers to an aphorism (or line, rule, formula), or a collection of such aphorisms in the form of a manual. ...

In 522, Xiao Tong's uncle Xiao Dan (蕭憺) the Prince of Shixing died. By custom, a crown prince would not hold a mourning period for an uncle, but Xiao Tong believed this custom to be unfilial, and therefore requested the officials to further discuss the matter. After the official Liu Xiaochuo (劉孝綽) suggested that he hold an one-month mourning period, he agreed, and in fact made this a precedent for Liang Dynasty. Events Anicius Manlius Severinus Boëthius is imprisoned on charges of conspiring against Theoderic. ...

During this period, Xiao Tong compiled a compendium of ancient poetry and texts, which he referred to as Wenxuan (文選, "selected texts"), which was later known after his death, by his posthumous name, as the Zhaoming Wenxuan (昭明文選). It is a work of historical importance, as it preserved many ancient texts which otherwise might have been lost.

In 526, Consort Ding grew ill, and Xiao Tong spent his days attending to her without rest. She died in winter 526, and Xiao Tong was so saddened that he ate nothing. It was after Emperor Wu tried to console him by pointing out that he should not harm his body and that he still had his father that Xiao Tong began to take porridge, but he ate nothing further. He was described to be fairly obese until that point, but he lost a lot of weight during the mourning period for Consort Ding. Events May 20 - Syria and Antioch. ... Events May 20 - Syria and Antioch. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Death

The death of Consort Ding brought about a disasterous effect in Xiao Tong's relationship with his father, however. Xiao Tong sought out an appropriate place to bury Consort Ding, but while he was doing so, a land owner bribed the eunuch Yu Sanfu (俞三副) into convincing Emperor Wu that that piece of land would bring good fortune for the emperor, and so Emperor Wu bought the land and buried Consort Ding there. However, once Consort Ding was buried, a Taoist monk informed Xiao Tong that he believed that the land would bring ill fortune for Consort Ding's oldest son -- Xiao Tong. Xiao Tong therefore allowed the monk to bury a few items intended to dissolve the ill fortune, such as wax ducks, at the position reserved for the oldest son. Later on, when one of Xiao Tong's attendants, Bao Miaozhi (鮑邈之), was squeezed out of Xiao Tong's inner circles by another attendant, Wei Ya (魏雅), he, in resentment, reported to Emperor Wu that Wei had carried out sorcery on Xiao Tong's behalf. When Emperor Wu investigated, waxed ducks were found, and Emperor Wu became surprised and angry, and wanted to investigate further. He only stopped the investigation when he was advised to do so by the prime minister Xu Mian, executing only the Taoist monk who had suggested the burial of wax ducks. Xiao Tong became humiliated in the affair, and was never able to clear himself completely in his father's eyes. A eunuch is a castrated man; the term usually refers to those castrated in order to perform a specific social function, as was common in many societies of the past. ... For other uses of the words tao and dao, see Dao (disambiguation). ...

Xiao Tong died in 531. Even when he was very ill, because he was afraid to make Emperor Wu be concerned about him, he still personally wrote submissions to his father. After his death, Emperor Wu personally attended his wake and buried him at a tomb appropriate for an emperor. He also summoned Xiao Tong's oldest son, Xiao Huan (蕭歡) the Duke of Huarong back to the capital Jiankang, preparing to create Xiao Huan crown prince to replace his father. However, still resentful over the wax duck affair, he hesitated for days without carrying out the creation, and finally did not do so. Instead, against popular opinion, he created Xiao Tong's younger brother, also by Consort Ding, Xiao Gang crown prince. In 551, when Xiao Gang, then emperor (as Emperor Jianwen) but under control and virtual house arrest by the general Hou Jing, Hou, to try to show off his power, deposed Emperor Jianwen and made Xiao Tong's grandson Xiao Dong the Prince of Yuzhang emperor. It was then that Xiao Tong was posthumously honored an emperor. Events End of the reign of Northern Wei Chang Guang Wang, ruler of the Chinese Northern Wei Dynasty. ... Jiankang (建康城 in pinyin: Jiànkāng chéng), formerly known as Jianye (建業 Jiànyè) until Eastern Jin Dynasty (317 - 420), is an ancient city in China, located west of present-day Nanjing, in south Jiangning County (江寧縣 Jiāngníng Xi... Events Jordanes publishes The Origin and Deeds of the Goths. ... Hou Jing (侯景) (d. ...

Personal information

• Father
  • Emperor Wu of Liang
• Mother
  • Consort Ding Lingguang (丁令光) (485-526), posthumous name Mu
• Wife
  • Crown Princess Cai, the Crown Princess Jing, later posthumously honored as Empress Jing
• Major Concubines
  • Lady Gong, mother of Prince Cha and possibly Prince Yu
• Children
  • Xiao Huan (蕭歡), initially the Duke of Huarong, later Prince An of Yuzhang (created 531)
  • Xiao Yu (蕭譽), initially the Duke of Zhijiang (created 521), later Prince Wuhuan of Hedong (created 531, killed by Emperor Yuan of Liang 550)
  • Xiao Cha (蕭詧), initially the Duke of Qujiang, later the Prince of Yueyang (created 531), later Emperor Xuan of Western Liang
  • Xiao Pi (蕭譬), the Prince of Wuchang (created 531)
  • Xiao Jian (蕭鑒), the Prince of Yiyang (created 531)