NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Xochicalco

Xochicalco is a pre-Columbian archeological site in the western part of the Morelos, Mexico. The name "Xochicalco" means "in the house of Flowers" in the Nahuatl language. The site is located 38 km southwest of Cuernavaca, about 76 miles by road from Mexico City, at 18°48′N, 99°17′W. The site is open to visitors all week, from 10am to 5pm, although access to the observatory is only allowed after noon. The apogee of Xochicalco came after the fall of Teotihuacán and it has been speculated that Xochicalco played a part in the fall of the Teotihuacano empire. The architecture and iconography shows affinities with both Teotihuacan and the Maya area and it is probable that the city of Teotihuacan was a multicultural city, although it also does seem to have had a connection to the Tlahuica culture. Today the villages closest to the ruins of Xochicalco such as Cuentepec and Tetlama in eastern Morelos speak Nahuatl. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Morelos is one of the constituent states of Mexico. ... Nahuatl ( [1] is a term applied to a group of related languages and dialects of the Aztecan [2] branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family, indigenous to central Mexico. ... Cuernavaca is the capital city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. ... Nickname: Ciudad de los Palacios Location of Mexico City in central Mexico Coordinates: Country Mexico Federal entity Federal District Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded (as Tenochtitlan) c. ... TeotihuacÃ¡n[1] (Nahuatl: place of those who have the road of the gods) was, at its height in the first half of the 1st millennium CE, the largest pre-Columbian city in the Americas. ... Mesoamerican architecture is the set of architectural traditions produced by pre-Columbian cultures and civilizations of Mesoamerica, traditions which are best known in the form of public, ceremonial and urban monumental buildings and structures. ... Look up Iconography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Matlatzinca is a name used to refer to different indigenous ethnic groups in the Toluca Valley in the state of Edo. ... Nahuatl ( [1] is a term applied to a group of related languages and dialects of the Aztecan [2] branch of the Uto-Aztecan language family, indigenous to central Mexico. ...

The site

The main ceremonial center is atop an artificially leveled hill, with remains of subsidiary buildings, mostly unexcavated, in the surrounding area.

The site was occupied by 200 BC, with the most notable architecture built between about 700 and 1000 AD. At its peak, the city may have had a population of up to 20,000 people. Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 250s BC 240s BC 230s BC 220s BC 210s BC - 200s BC - 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC Years: 205 BC 204 BC 203 BC 202 BC 201 BC - 200 BC - 199 BC 198 BC... // Events Saint Adamnan convinces 51 kings to adopt CÃ¡in AdomnÃ¡in defining the relationship between women and priests. ... Europe in 1000 The year 1000 of the Gregorian Calendar was the last year of the 10th century as well as the last year of the first millennium. ...

Monuments

Of special interest are sculptured reliefs on the sides of some buildings. The Temple of the Feathered Serpent has fine stylized depictions of that deity in a style which includes apparent influences of Teotihuacan and Maya art. It has been speculated that Xochicalco may have had a community of artists from other parts of Mesoamerica. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 Ã— 960 pixel, file size: 576 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) made by myself as tourist with digicam I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (1280 Ã— 960 pixel, file size: 576 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) made by myself as tourist with digicam I, the creator of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... It has been suggested that this article be split into multiple articles. ... Teotihuacan was the largest Pre-Columbian known city in the Americas, and the name Teotihuacan is used to refer to the civilization this city dominated, which at its greatest extent included most of Mesoamerica. ... 74. ... The cultural areas of Mesoamerica Mesoamerica or Meso-America (Spanish: MesoamÃ©rica) was a geographical culture area extending from central Honduras and northwestern Costa Rica on the south, and, in Mexico, from the Soto la Marina River in Tamaulipas and the Rio Fuerte in Sinaloa on the north. ...

Other monuments at the site include several other step-pyramid temples, palaces, three ball courts, sweat-baths, an unusual row of circular altars, and a cave with steps carved down into it. The site also has some free-standing sculptured stelae; others were removed from their original location and are now on display in the INAH museum in Mexico City and at the site museum. It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Ulama game. ... Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico A cave is a natural underground void large enough for a human to enter. ... The Mexican Institute Nacional de Antropología e Historia (National Institute of Anthropology and History known as INAH for its Spanish abbreviation) is the federal government bureau established in 1939 to guarantee the research, preservation, protection, and promotion of the prehistoric, archaeological, anthropological, historical, and paleontological heritage of Mexico. ...

Modern history of Xochicalco

The ruins were first described by explorer Antonio Alzate in 1777. Alexander von Humboldt published illustrations and a description of Xochicalco in 1810. Emperor Maximilian of Mexico visited the ruins. The Temple of the Feathered Serpent was restored by Mexican archeologist Leopoldo Batres in 1910. Major archeological excavations and further restorations were done in a project from the 1940s through the 1960s. Year 1777 (MDCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Saturday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... An 1859 portrait of Alexander von Humboldt by the artist Julius Schrader, showing Mount Chimborazo in the background. ... 1810 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Maximilian I, Emperor of Mexico, (July 6, 1832 - June 19, 1867) was a member of Austrias Imperial Habsburg family. ... 1910 (MCMX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Sunday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ...

Xochicalco is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a tourist destination. The site has a small museum. UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Tourists on OÊ»ahu, Hawaii Tourism is travel for predominantly recreational or leisure purposes, and also refers to the provision of services in support of this act. ...

External links

World Heritage Sites in Mexico

Agave Landscape of Tequila | Calakmul | Campeche | Chichen Itza | El Tajín | Franciscan Missions in the Sierra Gorda | Guanajuato and Adjacent Mines | Hospicio Cabañas, Guadalajara | Islands and Protected Areas of the Gulf of California | Luis Barragán House and Studio | Mexico City and Xochimilco | Monasteries of Popocatépetl | Morelia | Oaxaca and Monte Albán | Palenque | Paquimé, Casas Grandes | Puebla | Querétaro | Rock Paintings of Sierra de San Francisco | Sian Ka'an | Teotihuacán | Tlacotalpan | Uxmal | Whale Sanctuary of El Vizcaino | Xochicalco | Zacatecas Image File history File links Flag_of_Mexico. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ... Tequila is a municipality in the central part of the state of Jalisco, Mexico. ... Calakmul is the name of both a municipality and a major archeological site in the Mexican state of Campeche, in the central part of the Yucatán Peninsula. ... View of Campeche, showing Cathedral and part of old city fortifications Campeche is a city of Mexico located at 19Â°85â€² N 90Â°53â€² W, on the shore of the Gulf of Mexico. ... Temple of the Warriors Chichen Itza is the largest of the Pre-Columbian archaeological sites in Yucat n, Mexico. ... El TajÃn is a Pre-Columbian archaeological site near the city of Papantla, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. ... The Franciscan Missions of the Sierra Gorda, QuerÃ©taro, Mexico were declared a World Heritage Site by the UNESCO in 2003. ... A view of downtown Guanajuato from one of its many hills. ... Chapel of Hospicio CabaÃ±as The Hospicio CabaÃ±as in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico is one of the oldest and largest hospital complexes in Spanish America and a World Heritage Site. ... Nickname: Ciudad de los Palacios Location of Mexico City in central Mexico Coordinates: Country Mexico Federal entity Federal District Boroughs The 16 delegaciones Founded (as Tenochtitlan) c. ... Xochimilco IPA: (Nahuatl xÃ³chitl = flower; milli = cultivated field) is one of the sixteen delegaciones within Mexican Federal District. ... There are several monasteries near the PopocatÃ©petl volcano in central Mexico which were built in the 16th-century by members of the Franciscan, Dominican and Augustinian orders. ... Aqueduct in Morelia Morelia is the capital of the Mexican state of MichoacÃ¡n. ... For current news on the Oaxaca Teachers Strike of 2006 see: 2006 Oaxaca protests Oaxaca is the name of both a state in Mexico and that states capital city. ... Monte AlbÃ¡n is a large archeological site in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. ... The Palace, Ruins of Palenque Palenque is a Maya archeological site near the Usumacinta River in the Mexican state of Chiapas, located at about 130 km south of Ciudad del Carmen (see map). ... Casas Grandes (Great Houses), a small village in Mexico, in the state of Chihuahua, situated on the Casas Grandes or San Miguel river, about 35 m. ... Nickname: Location of Puebla in central Mexico Coordinates: Country Mexico State Puebla Founded 1531 Government - Mayor Enrique Doger (PRI) Area - City 546 kmÂ² (211 sq mi) Elevation 2,175 m (7,136 ft) Population (2005) - City 1,485,941 - Density 5,741/kmÂ² (14,869. ... Latitude 20. ... The Rock Paintings of Sierra de San Francisco is the name of the prehistoric rock art found in the Sierra de San francisco region of Baja California, Mexico. ... Sian Kaan is a biosphere reserve in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. ... TeotihuacÃ¡n[1] (Nahuatl: place of those who have the road of the gods) was, at its height in the first half of the 1st millennium CE, the largest pre-Columbian city in the Americas. ... The municipality of Tlacotalpan is located in the eastern coastal region of the Mexican state of Veracruz, at 18°37 N, 95°40 W. The municipalitys total surface area is 646. ... Panorama of Uxmal Uxmal (, ) is a large Pre-Columbian ruined city of the Maya civilization in the state of YucatÃ¡n, Mexico. ... Zacatecas is a city in Mexico, the capital of the state of Zacatecas. ...

Contents

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Monuments

Modern history of Xochicalco

External links

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