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YM2612, aka OPN2, is a six-channel sound synthesizer IC, or sound chip, produced by Yamaha. It belongs to a family of sound synthesizer chips produced by Yamaha that uses 'FM', or Frequency modulation synthesis to generate sounds, and is somewhat similar to the YM3812 (OPL2) and YMF262 (OPL3) FM ICs that were used in the popular AdLib and Creative Labs Sound Blaster soundcards for the PC. It was notably used in the Sega Mega Drive/Sega Genesis game console. SEM image of an integrated circuit showing defects in the aluminium layer deposition (shown in cyan). ...
A sound chip is an integrated circuit (i. ...
The Yamaha Corporation (ヤマãƒæ ªå¼ä¼šç¤¾; TYO: 7951 ) is a Japanese company with a large number of product areas. ...
Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of audio synthesis where the timbre of a simple waveform is changed by frequency modulating it with a modulating frequency that is also in the audio range, resulting in a more complex waveform and a different-sounding tone. ...
The Yamaha YM3812 also known as the OPL2 (OPL is an acronym for FM Operator Type-L) is a sound chip (i. ...
The Yamaha YMF262 also known as the OPL3 (OPL is an acronym for FM Operator Type-L), is an improved version of the sound chip Yamaha YM3812 (OPL2). ...
AdLib, Inc. ...
Creative Technology Ltd. ...
The Sound Blaster family of sound cards was for many years the de facto standard for audio on the IBM PC compatible system platform, before PC audio became commoditized, and backward-compatibility became less of a feature. ...
The Sega Mega Drive/Sega Genesis was a 16-bit video game console released by Sega in Japan (1988), Europe (1990) and most of the rest of the world as the Mega Drive. ...
The YM2612 has the following features:
- Six concurrent FM channels (voices)
- Four operators per channel
- Two interval timers
- An low frequency oscillator (LFO)
- Analogue stereo output (most other contemporary Yamaha FM chips require a separate external Digital-to-analog converter chip)
- For channel three and six, operator frequencies can be set independently, making dissonant harmonics possible. (Normally, they would have a simple relation like e.g. 1.5x or 2x relative to a common base frequency.)
- Channel six can also be used to play sampled sounds (PCM) instead of FM-based sounds
Each channel may be assigned to either left, right or both (centre) of the stereo output. A Programmable Interval Timer (PIT) provides one or more counters which trigger an interrupt when they reach their programmed count. ...
Low frequency oscillation, often abbreviated to LFO, is a term that predominantly refers to an audio technique specifically used in the production of electronic music. ...
In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D-to-A) is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or charges). ...
Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a digital representation of an analog signal where the magnitude of the signal is sampled regularly at uniform intervals, then quantized to a series of symbols in a digital (usually binary) code. ...
The special sixth channel can act as a Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) by means of the 'DAC Enable' register, this allows the chip to play 8-bit PCM sound samples. Enabling the DAC disables the FM for that channel. Data is written to the DAC via an 8-bit register. The YM2612 does not provide any timing or buffering of the PCM samples, so all frequency control and buffering must be done in software by the host processor. In electronics, a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D-to-A) is a device for converting a digital (usually binary) code to an analog signal (current, voltage or charges). ...
Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a digital representation of an analog signal where the magnitude of the signal is sampled regularly at uniform intervals, then quantized to a series of symbols in a digital (usually binary) code. ...
The synth patches used by the YM2612 in Mega Drive/Genesis games are compatible with certain members of the Yamaha DX/TX synthesizers, such as the Yamaha DX100.
See also
A sound chip is an integrated circuit (i. ...
This article is about the sound format. ...
Modern indoor gymnasium with pull-down basketball hoops Gym, a shortened form of gymnasium, refers to facilities intended for indoor sports or exercise. ...
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