A yeast artificial chromosome (short YAC) is a vector used to clone large DNA fragments (larger than 100 kb and up to 3000 kb). It is an artificially constructed chromosome and contains the telomeric, centromeric, and replication origin sequences needed for replication in yeast cells.Extremely useful as one can get eukaryotic protein products with posttranslational modifications. Traditionally in medicine, a vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but which spreads infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another. ... Cloning is the process of creating an identical copy of an original. ... The general structure of a section of DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid —usually in the form of a double helix— that contains the genetic instructions specifying the biological development of all cellular forms of life, and most viruses. ... Headline text this website sucks your mothers dickIn molecular biology, two nucleotides on opposite complementary DNA or RNA strands that are connected via hydrogen bonds are called a base pair (often abbreviated bp). ... Figure 1: Chromosome. ... A telomere is a region of highly repetitive DNA at the end of a chromosome similar to the plastic tips or Aglets on the end of a shoe lace. ... The centromere is a region of a eukaryotic chromosome where the kinetochore is assembled. ... The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a unique DNA sequence at which DNA replication is initiated. ... Yeasts are single-celled (unicellular) fungi, a few species of which are commonly used to leaven bread, ferment alcoholic beverages, and even drive experimental fuel cells. ...
Fragment of DNA from the human genome inserted into a yeast cell.
YACs are characteristically between 250,000 and 1 million base pairs in length.
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A major impediment in studying chromosome replication in eukaryotic cells was the inability to identify the origins of replication.
Artificialchromosomes are constructed by supplying the essential yeastchromosomal sequences -- a centromere, telomeres, selectable markers, and an origin of replication -- on two terminal fragments with the large fragment of human DNA in between.
We are also examining the replication of human genome inserts in yeastartificialchromosomes (YACs) and the basis for the failure of some regions of the human genome to be cloned in YACs.
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