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Encyclopedia > Yidgha language
Yidgha
Spoken in: Pakistan
Total speakers: 6,145 (2000)
Language family: Indo-European
 Indo-Iranian
  Iranian
   Eastern
    Southeastern
     Pamir
      Yidgha 
Writing system: None
Language codes
ISO 639-1: none
ISO 639-2: to be added
ISO/FDIS 639-3:

  Current distribution of Human Language Families Most languages are known to belong to language families. ... The Indo-European languages comprise a family of several hundred related languages and dialects [1], including most of the major languages of Europe, the Americas as well as many spoken in the Indian subcontinent (South Asia), the Iranian plateau (Southwest Asia), and Central Asia. ... The Indo-Iranian language group constitutes the easternmost extant branch of the Indo-European family of languages. ... The Eastern Iranian languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages emerging in Middle Iranian times (from ca. ... The Southeastern Iranian languages include some 11 (SIL estimate) languages and dialects spoken by about many people in Asia; this language family is a part of the Eastern Iranian language family. ... The Pamir languages of the Pamir Mountains of Central Asia are Shughni, Sarikoli, Yazgulyam, Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashimi, Wakhi, and Yidgha. ... Writing systems of the world today. ... ISO 639-1 is the first part of the ISO 639 international-standard language-code family. ... ISO 639-2:1998 Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 2: Alpha-3 code Twenty-two of the languages have two three-letter codes: a code for bibliographic use (ISO 639-2/B) a code for terminological use (ISO 639-2/T). ... ISO 639-3 is in process of development as an international standard for language codes. ...

The Yidgha language is a Pamir language spoken in the Upper Lutkuh Valley of Chitral, west of Garam Chishma in Pakistan. Yidgha is similar to the Munji language which is spoken on the Afghan side of the border. The Pamir languages of the Pamir Mountains of Central Asia are Shughni, Sarikoli, Yazgulyam, Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashimi, Wakhi, and Yidgha. ... Chitral Valley and Tirich Mir, 7,708 m (25,289 ft) Chitral, or Chitrāl (Urdu: چترال), is the name of a town , valley, river, district, and former princely state in the former Malakand Division of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... The Munji language, also Munjani language, is a Pamir language spoken in Badakshan in Afghanistan. ...


The Garam Chashma area became important during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan because the Soviets were unable to stop the flow of arms and men back and forth across the Dorah Pass that separates Chitral from Badakshan in Afghanistan. Almost the entire Munji speaking population of Afghanistan fled across the border to Chitral during the War in Afghanistan. A Soviet soldier on guard in Afghanistan in 1988. ... The Dorah Pass, also spelled and pronounced Durah Pass, connects Badakshan in Afghanistan with Chitral in Pakistan. ... Chitral Valley and Tirich Mir, 7,708 m (25,289 ft) Chitral, or Chitrāl (Urdu: چترال), is the name of a town , valley, river, district, and former princely state in the former Malakand Division of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Afghanistan and of Tajikistan. ... The Munji language, also Munjani language, is a Pamir language spoken in Badakshan in Afghanistan. ...


Pamir is a high plateau sometimes called "The roof of the world" that joins Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, China and India. Marco Polo is believed to have crossed the Pamir Mountains on his way to China. A photograph of Ismail Samani Peak (then known as Peak Communism) taken in 1989. ... Marco Polo (September 15, 1254 – January 8, 1324) was a Venetian trader and explorer who, together with his father Niccolò and his uncle Maffeo, was one of the first Westerners to travel the Silk Road to China (which was then called Cathay) and visited the Great Khan of the Mongol... A photograph of Ismail Samani Peak (then known as Peak Communism) taken in 1989. ...


The Yidgha Language has not been given study by serious linguists, except that it is mentioned by George Morgenstierne (1926) and Kendall Decker (1992).


The Norwegian Linguist Georg Morgenstierne wrote that Chitral is the area of the greatest linguistic diversity in the world. Although Khowar is the predominant language of Chitral, more than ten other languages are spoken here. These include Kalasha-mun, Palula, Dameli, Gawar-Bati, Nuristani, Yidgha, Burushaski, Gujar, Wakhi, Kyrgyz, Persian and Pashto. Since many of these languages have no written form, letters are usually written in Urdu or Persian. Chitral Valley and Tirich Mir, 7,708 m (25,289 ft) Chitral, or Chitrāl (Urdu: چترال), is the name of a town , valley, river, district, and former princely state in the former Malakand Division of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Khowar is classified as a Dardic Language. ... Kalasha-mun or simply Kalasha is an Indo-European language in the Indo-Iranian branch, further classified as a Dardic language in the Chitral Group. ... Palula, also known as Phalura and as Ashretiwar, is spoken by 7,000 to 15,000 people in Ashret and Biori Valleys, in the Chitral District of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Dameli is a language spoken by less than 5,000 people in the remote valley of Damil-Nisar, in the Chitral District of the Northwest Frontier Province of Pakistan. ... Gawar-Bati is known in Chitral as Aranduyiwar, because it is spoken in Village Arandu, which is the last village in the bottom of Chitral and is across the Kunar River from Berkot in Afghanistan. ... Nuristani languages form a language sub-family of the Indo-Iranian languages localized between the Iranian languages and the Indo-Aryan languages Ashkun language Kamviri language Kati language (Bashgali) Prasuni language (Wasi-Weri) Tregami language Waigali language (Kalasha-Ala) Categories: Language stubs | Indo-Iranian languages ... Burushaski (ISO/DIS 639-3 bsk) is a language isolate spoken by some 50,000-60,000 Burusho people in the Hunza, Nagar, Yasin, and parts of the Gilgit valleys in northern Pakistan and Kashmir. ... Migrants in one of the several migratory waves that brought Indo-Europeans into South-Asia. ... The Wakhi Tajiki language is an Iranian language in the subbranch of Southeastern Iranian languages (see Pamir languages). ... Kyrgyz or Kirghiz (Кыргыз тили) is a Northwestern Turkic language, and, together with Russian, an official language of Kyrgyzstan. ... Persian (local name: Fārsī or Pārsī ) is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, India, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ... Pashto (‎, IPA: also known as Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto, Pashtoe, Pashtu, Pushtu, Pushtoo, Pathan, Pukhto ‎, or Afghan language) is a language spoken by people living in western Pakistan and southeastern Afghanistan. ... (اردو), historically spelled Ordu, is an Indo-Aryan language of the Indo-Iranian branch, belonging to Indo-European family of languages. ... Persian (local name: Fārsī or Pārsī ) is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Pakistan, India, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...


Books

  • Decker, Kendall D. (1992) Languages of Chitral ISBN 969-8023-15-1 http://www.ethnologue.com/show_work.asp?id=32850
  • Morgenstierne, Georg (1926) Report on a Linguistic Mission to Afghanistan. Instituttet for Sammenlignende Kulturforskning, Serie C I-2. Oslo.
  • Khowar English Dictionary (by Mohammad Ismail Sloan, 1981) ISBN 0-923891-15-3 published in Pakistan, reprinted in 2006

Samuel Howard Sloan (b. ...

External links

  • Yidgha, A Language of Pakistan
  • Nuristan: Hidden Land of the Hindu Kush
  • History of Chitral
Iranian Languages
Eastern Iranian
Old Iranian † Avestan † | Scythian (Including Saka)† | Sogdian†
Middle-Iranian Bactrian† | Khwarezmian† | Khotanese† (possibly a Saka dialect) | Ossetic | Sacian†
Modern Iranian Bartangi | Hidukush Group | Ishkashmi | Karakoram Group | Khufi | Munji | Oroshori | New Ossetic | Parachi | Pashto | Roshani (Roshni) | Sanglechi | Sarikoli | Shughni | Wakhi | Vanji † | Waziri | Yaghnobi | Yidgha | Yazgulami | Zebaki
Western Iranian
Old Iranian † Median† | Old Persian (Aryan)†
Middle-Iranian † Parthian Pahlavi† | Sasanian Pahlavi†
Modern Iranian Alviri (Vidâri) | Ashtiani | Azari† | Baluchi | Bashkardi | Persian Dari | Dari (Zoroastrian) | Gilaki | Gorani | Harzani | Judeo-Persian | Kurdish Kurmanji | Laki | Luri | Bakhtiari Lori | Mazandarani | Ormuri | Sangsari | Parachi | New-Persian | Sorani (Kurdish) | Tajik | Taleshi | Tati | Vafsi | Zazaki
Extinct †

  Results from FactBites:
 
Pamir Languages - definition of Pamir Languages in Encyclopedia (246 words)
The Pamir languages of the Pamir Mountains of Central Asia are Shughni, Sarikoli, Yazgulyam, Munji, Sanglechi-Ishkashimi, Wakhi, and Yidgha.
The Shughni, Sarikoli and Yazgulyam languages belong to the Shugni-Yazgulami sub-branch.
The Munji language is closely related to Yidgha, and in 1992 there were around 2500 speakers in the Munjan and Mamalgha Valleys of northeastern Afghanistan.
Iranian languages - Wikipedia (784 words)
The Iranian language group is part of a larger Indo-Iranian language subfamily and accounts for some of the oldest-recorded Indo-European languages.
He then adds that Dari is the official language of the royal courts and the language of Khorasan and Balkh and eastern Iran; Parsi is the language of the Moobeds of Fars; Khuzi is the unofficial language of the royalty and comes from Khuzestan; and Seryani originates in Mesopotamia.
It is agreed that the current Turkic form of the Azeri language supplanted and replaced Pahlavi in Azerbaijan before the Safavid dynasty, perhaps starting with the arrival of Seljukian Turks, and during a gradual course.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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