NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Yom Ha'atzma'ut

State of Israel

Land of Israel · Districts · Cities
Transport · Mediterranean
Dead Sea · Red Sea · Sea of Galilee
Jerusalem · Tel Aviv · Haifa Israeli Coat of Arms Original digital image can be found at the site of the Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs: http://www. ... Motto: none Anthem: Hatikvah Capital Jerusalem[1] Largest city Jerusalem Official language(s) Hebrew, Arabic Government President Prime Minister Parliamentary democracy Moshe Katsav Ehud Olmert Independence Declaration From the United Kingdom 14 May 1948 (05 Iyar 5708) Area - Total - Water (%) 20,770 kmÂ² (150th) 8,019 sq mi ~2% Population... Image File history File links Flag_of_Israel. ... This article concerns the concept of The Land of Israel (Hebrew: ××¨×¥ ×™×©×¨××œ Eretz Yisrael) in Jewish and Christian thought throughout the history from its Biblical sources to the present day. ... Map of the districts of Israel There are six main districts of Israel, known in Hebrew as mehozot (×ž×—×•×–×•×ª; singular: mehoz) and fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (× ×¤×•×ª; singular: nafa). ... Cities in Israel, by district: // Northern District See also North District, Israel. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... The Jordan River flowing into the Dead Sea The Dead Sea (Arabic Ø§Ù„Ø¨ØØ± Ø§Ù„Ù…ÙŠØª, Hebrew ×™× ×”×ž×œ×—) is the lowest exposed point on the Earths surface. ... Location of the Red Sea Image:Red Seaimage. ... The Sea of Galilee with the Jordan River flowing out of it to the south and into the Dead Sea Kineret redirects here; for the Amgen drug having this tradename, see Anakinra The Sea of Galilee is Israels largest freshwater lake, approximately 53 kilometers (33 miles) in circumference, about... Jerusalem (; Hebrew: Yerushalayim; Arabic: al-Quds, Greek Î™ÎµÏÎ¿ÏƒÏŒÎ»Ï…Î¼Î±), the capital of Israel, is an ancient Middle Eastern city on the watershed between the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea at an elevation of 650-840 meters. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... Nickname: Red Haifa Official website: www. ...

History of Israel

Zionism · Timeline ·Aliyah · Herzl
Balfour · Mandate · 1947 UN Plan
Independence · Austerity · Refugees
This article discusses the history of the modern State of Israel, from its independence proclamation in 1948 to the present. ... For other meanings, please see Zionism (disambiguation) Poster promoting a film about Jewish settlement in Palestine, 1930s: Toward a New Life (in Romanian),The Promised Land (in Hungarian), in small (down) text is written First Palestinian sound movie 1844 Discourse on the Restoration of the Jews by Mordecai Noah, page... Timeline of Zionism in the modern era: 1861 - The Zion Society is formed in Frankfurt, Germany. ... Aliyah (Hebrew: ×¢×œ×™×™×”; ascent or going up) is a term widely used to mean Jewish immigration to the Land of Israel (and since its establishment in 1948, the State of Israel). ... Theodor Herzl, in his middle age. ... The Balfour Declaration was a letter dated November 2, 1917 from British Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour, to Lord Rothschild (Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild), a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation, a private Zionist organization. ... Map of the territory under the British Mandate of Palestine. ... On 29 November 1947 the United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine or United Nations General Assembly Resolution 181, a plan to resolve the Arab-Jewish conflict in the British Mandate of Palestine, was approved by the United Nations General Assembly, at the UN World Headquarters in New York. ... Main article: History of Israel Austerity in Israel: From 1949 to 1959, the state of Israel was, to a varying extent, under a regime of austerity (×¦× ×¢ tsena), during which rationing and similar measures were enforced. ...

Arab-Israeli conflict · Proposals

1948 War · 1949 Armistice · Suez War
Six-Day War · Attrition War
Yom Kippur War · Lebanon War
Peace treaties with: Egypt, Jordan
Combatants State of Israel Arab nations Arab-Israeli conflict series History Â· Views of the conflict Â· International law Â· Facts and figures Participants Israeli-Palestinian conflict Â· Arab League Â· Soviet Union / Russia Â· Israel and the United Nations Â· Iran-Israel relations Â· Israel-United States relations Peace treaties and proposals Israel-Egypt Â· Israel-Jordan The... Geneva Accord October 20, 2003 Road Map for Peace April 30, 2003 The Peoples Voice July 27, 2002 Elon Peace Plan 2002 ... The 1948 Arab-Israeli War is referred to as the War of Independence (Hebrew: ×ž×œ×—×ž×ª ×”×¢×¦×ž××•×ª) or as the War of Liberation (Hebrew: ×ž×œ×—×ž×ª ×”×©×—×¨×•×¨) by Israelis. ... The 1949 Armistice Agreements are a set of agreements signed during 1949 between Israel and its neighbors Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. ... Combatants Israel, France, United Kingdom Egypt Commanders Moshe Dayan (CoS of the IDF) General Sir Charles Keightley (C-in-C), Vice-Admiral Pierre Barjot (Deputy) Gamal Abdel Nasser Strength 45,000 British, 34,000 French, 175,000 Israeli 300,000 Egyptians Casualties 189 Israelis KIA, unknown number WIA, 16 British... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Sharif Zaid Ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 50,000 troops (264,000 including mobilized reservists); 197 combat aircraft Egypt 150,000 troops; Syria 75,000; Jordan... The War of Attrition was a limited war fought between Egypt and Israel from 1968 to 1970. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, (Jordan, Iraq) Commanders Moshe Dayan, David Elazar, Ariel Sharon, Shmuel Gonen, Benjamin Peled Saad El Shazly, Ahmad Ismail Ali Strength 415,000 troops; 1,500 tanks, 3,000 armored carriers; 945 artillery units 100 mm and up; 561 airplanes, 84 helicopters; 38 warships. ... Lebanon War (Hebrew: ×ž×œ×—×ž×ª ×œ×‘× ×•×Ÿ Milkhemet Levanon), also known as the 1982 Invasion of Lebanon or Operation Peace of the Galilee (×ž×‘×¦×¢ ×©×œ×•× ×”×’×œ×™×œ Mivtsa Shlom HaGalil in Hebrew), began June 6, 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces invaded southern Lebanon. ...

Israeli-Palestinian conflict

Timeline · Peace process · Peace camp
1st Intifada · Oslo · 2nd Intifada
Barrier · Disengagement Israel, the West Bank and Gaza Strip are at the center of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. ... This is an incomplete timeline of events in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. ... The UN Partition Plan Map of the State of Israel today The Peace process in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has taken shape over the years, despite the ongoing violence in the Middle East. ... The Israeli peace camp is a collection of political and non-political movements which desire to promote peace, mainly with the Arab neighbours of Israel (the Palestinians, Syria and Lebanon) and encourage co-existence with the Arab citizens of Israel. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... The Oslo Accords, officially called the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government Arrangements or Declaration of Principles (DOP), were finalized in Oslo, Norway on August 20, 1993, and subsequently officially signed at a public ceremony in Washington D.C. on September 13, 1993, with Mahmoud Abbas signing for the... The wreckage of a commuter bus in West Jerusalem after a suicide bombing on Tuesday, 18 June 2002. ... The barrier route as of May 2005. ... A map illustrating the four phases of the Gaza disengagement plan. ...

Economy

Science & Tech. · Companies · Tourism
This article does not cite its references or sources. ... . The top 10 Israeli companies by sales are: Teva Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd. ... Tourism in Israel includes a rich variety of historical and religious sites in the Holy Land, as well as modern beach resorts, archaeological tourism, heritage tourism and ecotourism. ...

Demographics · Culture

Judaism · Israeli Arabs · Kibbutz
Music · Archaeology · Universities
Hebrew · Literature · Israelis This article discusses the demographics of Israel. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Religion in Israel is unique in that Israel is the only country in which Judaism is the religion of the majority of citizens. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Kibbutz Dan, near Qiryat Shemona, in the Upper Galilee, 1990s A kibbutz (Hebrew: ×§×™×‘×•×¥; plural: kibbutzim: ×§×™×‘×•×¦×™×, gathering or together) is an Israeli collective community. ... Modern Israeli music is heavily influenced by its constituents, which include Palestinians (see Palestinian music) and Jewish immigrants (see Jewish music) from more than 120 countries around the world have brought their own musical traditions, making Israel a global melting pot. ... The archaeology of Israel is a national passion that also attracts considerable international interest on account of the regions Biblical links. ... There are eight official universities in Israel. ... Hebrew (×¢Ö´×‘Ö°×¨Ö´×™×ª â€˜Ivrit) is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Jewish communities around the world. ... Israeli literature is the literature of the people or State of Israel. ...

Laws · Politics

Law of Return · Jerusalem Law
Parties · Elections · PM · President
Knesset · Supreme Court · Courts The Basic Laws of Israel are a key component of Israels uncodified constitution. The State of Israel has no formal constitution. ... The State of Israel is a parliamentary democracy whose political system and main principles are set out in 11 Basic Laws. ... The Law of Return (×—×•×§ ×”×©×‘×•×ª) is Israeli legislation that allows Jews to settle in Israel and gain citizenship. ... The Jerusalem Law is a common name of Basic Law: Jerusalem, Capital of Israel passed by the Israeli Knesset on July 30, 1980 (17th Av, 5740). ... Political parties in Israel: Israels political system is based on proportional representation which allows for a multi-party system with numerous parties, in which a single party usually has no chance of gaining power by itself, forcing the parties to cooperate and form coalition governments. ... Elections in Israel gives information on election and election results in Israel. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... President of the State of Israel (Hebrew: × ×©×™× ×”×ž×“×™× ×”, Nasi Hamedina) is the head of state of Israel, but has a largely ceremonial, figurehead role with real power lying in the hands of the Prime Minister of Israel. ... The modern Knesset building, Israels parliament, in Jerusalem Though similar-sounding, Beit Knesset (×‘×™×ª ×›× ×¡×ª) literally means House of Assembly, and refers to a synagogue. ... Frontal view The Supreme Court (Hebrew: ×‘×™×ª ×”×ž×©×¤×˜ ×”×¢×œ×™×•×Ÿ, Beit Hamishpat Haelyon ) is at the head of the court system in the State of Israel. ... Judicial branch is an independent branch of the government which includes secular and religious courts. ...

Foreign affairs

UN · Intl. Law · Arab League Foreign relations of Israel deals with some of the following issues: In addition to seeking an end to hostilities with Arab forces, against which it has fought five wars since 1948, Israel has given high priority to gaining wide acceptance as a sovereign state with an important international role. ... Israel and the United Nations have had very mixed relations, since the states founding on May 14, 1948. ... Arguments about the applicability of various elements of international law underlie the debate around the Arab-Israeli conflict. ... From the time it was established in March 1945, the Arab League took an active role in the Arab-Israeli conflict. ...

Israeli Security Forces

Israel Defense Forces
Israeli Intelligence Community
Mossad · Shabak · Aman
Magav · Police · Prison Service The Israeli Security Forces (ISF) are several organizations collectively responsible for Israels security. ... The Israel Defense Forces are part of the Israeli Security Forces. ... The Israeli Intelligence Community (Hebrew: ×§×”×™×œ×ª ×”×ž×•×“×™×¢×™×Ÿ ×”×™×©×¨××œ×™×ª) is the designation given to the complex of organizations responsible for intelligence collection, dissemination, and research for the State of Israel. ... Official seal of the Mossad (helpÂ· info) (Hebrew: ×”×ž×•×¡×“ ×œ×ž×•×“×™×¢×™×Ÿ ×•×œ×ª×¤×§×™×“×™× ×ž×™×•×—×“×™×, Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations [1]) is an Israeli intelligence agency, often referred to as Mossad. ... Shabak emblem Defender who shall not be seen The Shabak (in Hebrew, ×©×‘×› (helpÂ· info)) an acronym of ShÃ©rÅ«t ha-BÄ«tÄhÅn ha-KlÄlÄ« ×©×™×¨×•×ª ×‘×™×˜×—×•×Ÿ ×›×œ×œ×™) known in English as the Shin Bet (which was how the Shabak was known in Israel in its early days) or the... Aman badge Aman (××ž×Ÿ) is the Hebrew abbreviation for the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) Directorate of Military Intelligence (××’×£ ×ž×•×“×™×¢×™×Ÿ), Israels central, overarching military inteligence. ... The Israel Border Police (Hebrew: ×ž×©×ž×¨ ×”×’×‘×•×œ, mishmar hagvul) is the combat branch of the Israeli Police. ... The Israel Prison Service (Hebrew: ×©×™×¨×•×ª ×‘×ª×™ ×”×¡×•×”×¨, Sherut Batei HaSohar), commonly known as SHABAS, is the Israeli prison service. ...

Portal:Israel

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Yom Ha'atzma'ut (Hebrew: יום העצמאות yom hā-‘aṣmā’ūṯ), Israeli Independence Day, commemorates the declaration of independence of Israel in 1948. Hebrew (×¢Ö´×‘Ö°×¨Ö´×™×ª â€˜Ivrit) is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family spoken by more than seven million people in Israel and Jewish communities around the world. ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

It falls on the 5th of the Jewish lunar month Iyar, celebrating the declaration of the state of Israel by David Ben-Gurion in Tel Aviv on May 14, 1948, and the end of the British Mandate in Israel. The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: ) or Jewish calendar is the annual calendar used in Judaism. ... Iyar (Standard Hebrew אִייָּר Iyyar, Tiberian Hebrew אִיָּר ʾIyyār: from Akkadian ayyaru Rosette; blossom) is the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year and the second month of the civil year on the Hebrew calendar. ... (October 16, 1886 â€“ December 1, 1973; Hebrew: ×“Ö¸Ö¼×•Ö´×“ ×‘Ö¶Ö¼×Ÿ ×’Ö¼×•Ö¼×¨Ö´×™Ö¼×•Ö¹×Ÿ) was the first Prime Minister of Israel. ... Tel-Aviv was founded on empty dunes north of the existing city of Jaffa. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ...

It is always preceded by Yom Hazikaron, the Israel fallen soldiers Remembrance Day on the 4th of Iyar. Yom Hazikaron - Memorial Day (Hebrew: ×™×•× ×”×–×›×¨×•×Ÿ ×œ×—×œ×œ×™ ×ž×¢×¨×›×•×ª ×™×©×¨××œ ×•× ×¤×’×¢×™ ×¤×¢×•×œ×•×ª ×”××™×‘×”, Israel Fallen Soldiers and Victims of Terrorism Remembrance Day) is an Israeli national holiday. ... Iyar (Standard Hebrew אִייָּר Iyyar, Tiberian Hebrew אִיָּר ʾIyyār: from Akkadian ayyaru Rosette; blossom) is the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year and the second month of the civil year on the Hebrew calendar. ...

An official ceremony is held every year on Mount Herzl on the eve of Yom Ha'atzma'ut. The ceremony include speeches from senior Israeli officials, an artistic part, a ritual march of soldiers carrying the Flag of Israel, forming elaborate structures (such as a Menorah, Magen David and a number which represents the age of Israel) and the lighting of twelve beacons (each for every one of the Tribes of Israel). Every year a dozen Israeli citizens, who made a significant contribution in a selected area, are invited to light the beacons. Tomb of Theodor Herzl at the top of Mount Herzl, Jerusalem, Israel. ... Flag ratio: 8:11 Another common colorization of the flag, using lighter blue. ... Yarmulke and Menorah from the Harry S Truman collection The menorah, one of Judaisms oldest symbols, is a seven-branched candelabrum or oil lamp. ... The Star of David The Star of David (Magen David or Mogen David in Hebrew, Shield of David, Solomons Seal, or Seal of Solomon) is a generally recognized symbol of Judaism and Jewish identity. ... The Twelve Tribes redirects here; for other uses, see The Twelve Tribes (disambiguation). ...

The Israel Prize is the most prestigious award handed out by the State of Israel. ...

Timing

Yom Ha'atzma'ut falls on the 5th day of Iyar ( ה' באייר) on the Hebrew calendar. But the festival is celebrated on the Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday closest to that date, so it could actually occur between 3rd and 6th of Iyar. The Gregorian date for the day in which Israel independence was proclaimed is May 14th, 1948 when David ben Gurion publicly read the Proclamation of the establishment of the State of Israel. Iyar (Standard Hebrew אִייָּר Iyyar, Tiberian Hebrew אִיָּר ʾIyyār: from Akkadian ayyaru Rosette; blossom) is the eighth month of the ecclesiastical year and the second month of the civil year on the Hebrew calendar. ... The Hebrew calendar (Hebrew: ) or Jewish calendar is the annual calendar used in Judaism. ... May 14 is the 134th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (135th in leap years). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... May 3 is the 123rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (124th in leap years). ... April 24 is the 114th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (115th in leap years). ... May 8 is the 128th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (129th in leap years). ... April 29 is the 119th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (120th in leap years). ...

New Israeli/Jewish holidays

Since the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, the country has established four new holidays.

These four days are national holidays in the State of Israel, and have since been accepted as religious holidays in general by the following groups: The Union of Orthodox Congregations and Rabbinical Council of America; The United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth (United Kingdom); The Chief Rabbinate of the State of Israel; All of Reform Judaism and Conservative Judaism; The Union for Traditional Judaism and the Reconstructionist movement. Yom HaShoah (×™×•× ×”×©×•××” yom hash-shoâ€™Äh), or Holocaust Remembrance Day, takes place on the 27th day of Nisan, in the Hebrew calendar. ... Yom Hazikaron - Memorial Day (Hebrew: ×™×•× ×”×–×›×¨×•×Ÿ ×œ×—×œ×œ×™ ×ž×¢×¨×›×•×ª ×™×©×¨××œ ×•× ×¤×’×¢×™ ×¤×¢×•×œ×•×ª ×”××™×‘×”, Israel Fallen Soldiers and Victims of Terrorism Remembrance Day) is an Israeli national holiday. ... Jerusalem Day 2004 at the Western_Wall Jerusalem Day - Yom Yerushalayim (Hebrew: *יום ירושלים - כח באייר) is an annual Israeli national holiday celebrated on Iyar 28. ... Combatants Israel Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Iraq Commanders Yitzhak Rabin, Moshe Dayan, Uzi Narkiss, Israel Tal, Ariel Sharon Abdel Hakim Amer, Abdul Munim Riad, Sharif Zaid Ibn Shaker, Hafez al-Assad Strength 50,000 troops (264,000 including mobilized reservists); 197 combat aircraft Egypt 150,000 troops; Syria 75,000; Jordan...

These four new days are not accepted as religious holidays by Hasidim and Haredim. These groups view these new days as Israeli national holidays. The specific ritual involved in observance of this day is a matter of development. The Chief Rabbinate along with many other religious authorities have declared that Yom Ha'atzma'ut is one of the Jewish holidays in which Hallel should be said. Alternatively, some fast and mark it as a day of mourning for all of the victims of Israeli wars and terrorism, as this was the day when the first Israeli war began. Some wear ashes and sackcloth as a sign of mouring and recite Selichos. Although many recite Hallel, and some read the Torah,say Pesukei D'Zimrah of Shabbat, and/or blow the Shofar on Yom Ha'atzma'ut, most Hasidim and Haredim do not. The Kibutz HaDati and Modern Orthodox religious movement in Israel have created a liturgy for the holiday, which sometimes includes the recitation of some psalms and the reading of a portion of the Prophets (Haftarah) on the holiday morning. The Conservative Movement instituted the reading of a Torah portion for the day. Hasidic Judaism (from the Hebrew: Chasidut ×—×¡×™×“×•×ª, meaning pious, from the Hebrew root word chesed ×—×¡×“ meaning loving kindness) is a Haredi Jewish religious movement. ... Haredi or Charedi Judaism, often referred to as Ultra-Orthodox Judaism, is the most theologically conservative form of Orthodox Judaism. ... A Jewish holiday or Jewish Festival is a day or series of days observed by Jews as holy or secular commemorations of important events in Jewish history. ... Hallel (Hebrew: הלל Praise [God]) is part of Judaisms prayers, a verbatim derivation from Psalms 113-118, which is used for praise and thanksgiving that is recited by observant Jews on Jewish holidays. ... Hallel (Hebrew: הלל Praise [God]) is part of Judaisms prayers, a verbatim derivation from Psalms 113-118, which is used for praise and thanksgiving that is recited by observant Jews on Jewish holidays. ... Torah () is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction, or law. It is the central and most important document of Judaism revered by Jews through the ages. ... A shofar in the Yemenite Jewish style. ... Modern Orthodox Judaism (or Modern Orthodox, also known as Modern Orthodoxy and sometimes abbreviated as MO) is a movement within Orthodox Judaism that attempts to synthesize traditional observance and values with the secular modern world. ... The haftarah (haftara, haphtara, haphtarah, Hebrew ×”×¤×˜×¨×”â€Ž; plural haftarot, haftaros, haphtarot, haphtaros) is a text selected from the books of Neviim (The Prophets) that is read publicly in the synagogue after the reading of the Torah on each Sabbath, as well as on Jewish festivals and fast days. ... Conservative Judaism, also known as Masorti Judaism, is a modern denomination of Judaism that arose in United States in the early 1900s. ... Torah () is a Hebrew word meaning teaching, instruction, or law. It is the central and most important document of Judaism revered by Jews through the ages. ...

The common tradition of many Israelis on this day is to meet for a "Mangal" (from the arabic word منقل meaning "stove")- roasting meat on an open grill, essentially a barbecue. In the evening, groups usually go to the streets to sing and dance. Children and teenagers often buy plastic hammers and foam spray cans (which are illegal) to hit on the hand and spray on bystanders. barbeques make nice food mmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmm!!! i like food so therefore i like barbeques! i also like men lol ...

Contents

Timing

New Israeli/Jewish holidays

See also

External links

Contents

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New Israeli/Jewish holidays

See also

External links

Timing