The Yorkshire dialect refers to the varieties of English used in the northern English county of Yorkshire. These varieties are often referred to as Broad Yorkshire or Tyke. ^[1] The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... A county is generally a sub-unit of regional self-government within a sovereign jurisdiction. ... Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England. ...

In 2007, Ian McMillan published a book named Collins Chelp and Chunter: a Guide to the Tyke Tongue. This was a compilation of words that are used in the Yorkshire dialect as well as a few pieces of Yorkshire humour and illustrations. Many words are pinned down to specific areas of Yorkshire, or to specific towns or villages; one word is even ascribed to Grange Moor, a small village between Barnsley and Huddersfield. There is also The Yorkshire Dictionary, edited by Arnold Kellett, which is more comprehensive and contains several words that have fallen out of everyday use in Yorkshire. The Yorkshire Dialect Society exists to promote use of the dialect in both humour and in serious linguistics; there is also an East Riding Dialect Society. Ian McMillan is a British poet, journalist, playwright and broadcaster. ... Curiositykc 15:34, 9 September 2007 (UTC) For other uses, see Barnsley (disambiguation). ... , Huddersfield is a large town within the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, in West Yorkshire, England, near the confluence of the River Colne and the River Holme. ...

Geographic distribution

There is much variation in this region, some very local; the Survey of English Dialects identified many different accents in Yorkshire. On a large scale, there are differences between a Dales dialect and a Scarborough dialect – both of which can be, in turn, very hard for outsiders to understand. Even relatively close places, for example, Leeds and Harrogate, a mere 13 miles apart, have distinct accents and even dialects, with Leeds accents tending to be very deep and gruff, compared to the generally posh Harrogate accent. Natives will usually have little difficulty in identifying that a speaker is from a different, though close, town (for example "Dee" ("thee") and "Dah" ("tha"), see below). Another example is the accent differences across Yorkshire over the pronunciation of the same dialect word for the narrow passage between terraced houses ("Jennel", "Jinnel", "Ginnel"), and the pronunciation of "over" ("ovver", "o'er"). One source of confusion is how a floo-er would be a flower and a term of affection in the north and east ridings, but a floor in the West Riding. When it is used as a term of affection, people from the West Riding are often confused at how someone is being called a floor. The Survey of English Dialects was undertaken between 1950 and 1961 under the direction of Professor Harold Orton of the English department of the University of Leeds. ... , Harrogate is a large town in North Yorkshire, England. ...

The Yorkshire Dialect Society draws a border roughly at the River Wharfe between two main zones. The area to the south-west of the river is more influenced by Mercian dialect whilst that to the north-east is more influenced by Northumbrian dialect. This distinction was first made by A.J. Ellis in On Early English Pronunciation. It was approved of by Joseph Wright, the founder of the Yorkshire Dialect Society and the author of the English Dialect Dictionary. In the S.E.D., the dialect analysts Rohrer, Sheard and Stead mapped a precise boundary by visiting several villages.^[2] The River Wharfe is a river in Yorkshire, England. ... The Kingdom of Mercia at its greatest extent (7th to 9th centuries) is shown in green, with the original core area (6th century) given a darker tint. ... Section from Shepherds map of the British Isles about 802 AD showing the kingdom of Northumbria Northumbria is primarily the name of a petty kingdom of Angles which was formed in Great Britain at the beginning of the 7th century, from two smaller kingdoms of Bernicia and Diera, and... Alexander John Ellis (or Alexander Sharpe) (1814 - 1890) was an English philologist. ... Joseph Wright may refer to: Joseph Wright of Derby (1734 — 1797), English painter. ... English Dialect Dictionary (EDD) is a dictionary of English language dialects, compiled by Joseph Wright. ...

The East Riding dialect has a lot of similarities with the Danish language[3]. The West Riding is less pure in its influence, also containing elements of Icelandic, Norman and Saxon. However, many of the things that have sharply divided the two areas have now passed out of use. For example, it would be very rare to hear someone from the East Riding say "down south" as doon sooth anymore, just as it would be rare for someone from the West Riding to say "eat meat" as eyt meyt anymore.

Also in certain respects, the Middlesbrough and South Tees accent is a form of Yorkshire accent that hinters on a cross between North Yorkshire and Durham; however, much to the amusement and sometimes frustration of locals, it is often confused for Geordie, usually by people in the South of England. Middlesborough redirects here. ... This article is about the people and dialect of Tyneside. ...

Studies have shown that accents in the West Riding (that is, mostly, modern West and South Yorkshire) are well-liked by the country and are associated with common sense, loyalty and reliability. In response to this, call centres have been increasingly located in this area.^[3] A very large collections call centre in Lakeland, FL. A call centre or call center (see spelling differences) is a centralised office used for the purpose of receiving and transmitting a large volume of requests by telephone. ...

Other northern English dialects include Northern English is a group of dialects of the English language. ...

• Geordie (spoken in Newcastle upon Tyne)
• Pitmatic (spoken in Durham and Northumberland)
• Scouse (spoken in Liverpool)
• Mackem (spoken in Sunderland)
• Lancashire dialect and accent, which varies across the county.

This article is about the people and dialect of Tyneside. ... Pitmatic (originally pitmatical) is a dialect of English used in the counties of Northumberland and Durham. ... This article is about the accent. ... Look up Mackem in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Lancashire Dialect and Accent refers to the vernacular speech in the historic county of Lancashire excluding that of Liverpool. ...

Accent (pronunciation)

Some features of Yorkshire accents are general features of northern English accents. Many of these are listed in the northern English accents section on the English English page. For example Yorkshire speakers have short IPA: [a] in words like bath, grass, chance as opposed to the long [ɑː] of Received Pronunciation (RP). Yorkshire accents tend to substitute /ʊ/ for RP /ʌ/, making pairs of words like put and putt homophones. English English is a term that has been applied to the English language as spoken in England. ... English English is a term that has been applied to the English language as spoken in England. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

Most Yorkshire accents are non-rhotic, but rhotic accents do exist in some areas that border with Lancashire. Much of the East Riding is partially rhotic: a final r on a word, as in letter, hour, quarter would be pronounced in a rhotic manner, but an r mid-way through a word, as in start, yard, burn would be pronounced in a non-rhotic manner.^[4] English pronunciation is divided into two main accent groups, the rhotic and the non-rhotic, depending on when the letter r (equivalent to Greek rho) is pronounced. ... Lancashire is a non-metropolitan county of historic origin in the North West of England, bounded to the west by the Irish Sea. ...

Other features of pronunciation include:

Vowels

• A final y is normally said as [i], although the Sheffield area is more likely to use [ɛ].
• In some areas, especially in the southern half of Yorkshire, there is a tendency to pronounce the phoneme /aʊ/ (as in mouth) as a monophthong [aː], often represented with "ah", hence "dahn" for down, "sahth" for south. In these areas, the words out and art may be indistinguishable. ^[5]
• Words such as car, far, art, park, etc. have an [aː] sound, except in the few rhotic areas of Yorkshire.
• The phoneme /aɪ/ (as in price) may also become a monophthong, [ɑː] or [aː]. For example, five becomes [fɑːv], price becomes [prɑːs]. This is most common in the East Riding; it becomes less and less common as you go further west in Yorkshire.
• Many Yorkshire accents have an extra vowel phoneme compared with other accents such as RP, pronounced as a diphthong [ɛɪ], used in words with eigh in the spelling, such as eight and weight, which is then pronounced differently from wait. See Wait-weight merger vowels. Some words with igh in the spelling, like night, can be pronounced with /iː/ (as in fleece) instead of /aɪ/ (as in price).
• In some Yorkshire accents, the word right can also be pronounced with the same [ɛɪ] as weight, similar to an RP pronunciation of rate.^[6] The word write is usually pronounced as in RP, however. Fight can also be pronounced to rhyme with weight.
• Another group of words where [ɛɪ] may turn up in some accents is in words with ea in the spelling derived from a Middle English /ɛ/ lengthened by Middle English open syllable lengthening, such as eat, meat and speak. In some accents, the three words meet, meat and team, which all have the same vowel /ɪi/ in RP, may have three different vowels, [iː], [ɛɪ] and [ɪə] respectively.^[7]
• The vowel in words like face, space, taste (in RP a diphthong [eɪ]) is usually pronounced either as a dipthong /eə/ or as a monophthong /eː/, with the former being more common and the latter being confined to areas south of Leeds. Words with ake at the end may be pronounced with /ɛ/ (as in dress), as in "tek", "mek", and "sek" for take, make, and sake. The traditional Yorkshire pronunciations were tak, mak, sak but these are now considered archaic.
• Words with the RP vowel /əʊ/, as in goat, may have a variety of different sounds. In traditional accents, diphthongs including [oi], [ɔu], [ɔə] and [uə] are used and in south Yorkshire particularly, words such as coal and hole may be pronounced as rhyming with coil ^[8]. Other common sounds include a long back monophthong [ɔː] and, in a recent trend, a fronted monophthong [ɵː] (which can sound close to the vowel of RP nurse). The latter is said to originate amongst females in Hull^[9]; it has only developed in the last decade, yet it has now spread as far as Bradford. (Watt and Tillotson 2001)
• Amongst the "broadest" speech, the Old English long oo in words such as book, cook, look can still be heard. This is more likely to be heard the further west that you go in Yorkshire, and it is fairly widespread in Lancashire.
• In both the West Riding and in the city of York, the vowel /uː/, as in goose, can be realised as a diphthong [ʊu]. ^[10]
• The West Riding to the south of Leeds and Bradford shares one feature with much of the east of England. Past participle endings which are pronounced /ɪz/ and /ɪd/ (with the vowel of kit) in RP may be pronounced with a schwa, /ə/. As these accents are mostly non-rhotic, this means that the plural of badge can sound like the plural of badger and the plural of box can sound like the plural of boxer.
• In Hull, Middlesbrough and other parts of the east coast, the sound in "word", "heard", "nurse", etc. is pronounced in much the same way, with an extended 'e' sound (e.g imagine elongating the vowel part of 'wed' to sound 'word').
• In the Barnsley area, there are some words where an /a/ becomes an /e/. For example, have is pronounced ev and master and is pronounced mester.

In human language, a phoneme is the theoretical representation of a sound. ... A monophthong (in Greek μονόφθογγος = single note) is a pure vowel sound, one whose articulation at both beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position of articulation; compare diphthong. ... In human language, a phoneme is the theoretical representation of a sound. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... In phonetics, a diphthong (also gliding vowel) (Greek δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally with two sounds, or with two tones) is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ... // H-dropping is a colloquial term used to describe the omission of initial in words like house, heat, and hangover in many dialects of English, such as Cockney and Estuary English. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Middle English is the name given by historical linguistics to the diverse forms of the English language spoken between the Norman invasion of 1066 and the mid-to-late 15th century, when the Chancery Standard, a form of London-based English, began to become widespread, a process aided by the... English is a West Germanic language that originated from the Anglo-Frisian dialects brought to Britain by Germanic settlers and Roman auxiliary troops from various parts of what is now northwest Germany and the Northern Netherlands. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... In phonetics, a diphthong (also gliding vowel) (Greek δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally with two sounds, or with two tones) is a monosyllabic vowel combination involving a quick but smooth movement from one vowel to another, often interpreted by listeners as a single vowel sound or phoneme. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Hull or Kingston upon Hull is a British city situated on the north bank of the Humber estuary. ... For other uses, see Bradford (disambiguation). ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

Consonants

• In some areas, an originally voiced consonant followed by a voiceless one can be pronounced as voiceless. For example, Bradford may be pronounced [bɹatfəd], with [t] (although more likely with a glottal stop, [ʔ]) instead of the expected [d]. ^[11]
• As with many other dialects in the surrounding areas, middle and final /ng/ sound in for example Thing, Sing, Singer, Finger are often replaced or followed by a strong /k/ sound.
• As in most of England, the younger generation presents an increasing tendency to use a glottal stop for all non-initial /t/ sounds, excepting those in consonant clusters. e.g [bɒʔl] for bottle, [saʔ] for sat. This is replacing the diversity that once existed in pronouncing such words. Within West Yorkshire alone, the S.E.D. found that the word "getting" was pronounced as "gerring" or "ge'in" in Leeds, "gItting" in Thornhill and "ge:ting" in Golcar. Yorkshire accents have converged in this respect.
• Sheffield pronunication of "th" tends somewhat towards [d]. This pronunciation, particularly in the second person pronouns "dee" and "dah" (for thee and thou/thy) has led to Sheffielders being given the nickname "dee dahs" (cf. "thee tha") by people from nearby Rotherham and Barnsley. However, the pronunciation is now very rare and had already began to die out by the time of the 1950s Survey of English Dialects^[12].
• The swallowing of /k/, /p/ and /t/ is associated more with the north-east of England, but it can also be heard in the Barnsley area.^[13]
• Many people pronounce the th sound as a v, ie "bruvver" instead of "brother".

This article does not cite any references or sources. ... See also Glottalic consonant Glottalization is the complete or partial closure of the glottis during the articulation of another sound. ... The city of Sheffield has a large multi-cultural population and had an estimated population of 516,100 in 2004. ... The Survey of English Dialects was undertaken between 1950 and 1961 under the direction of Professor Harold Orton of the English department of the University of Leeds. ...

Further information

These features can be found in the English Accents and Dialects collection on the British Library Collect Britain website. This website features samples of Yorkshire (and elsewhere in England) speech in wma format, with annotations on phonology with X-SAMPA phonetic transcriptions, lexis and grammar. British Library main building, London The British Library (BL) is the national library of the United Kingdom. ... The Extended SAM Phonetic Alphabet (X-SAMPA) is a variant of SAMPA developed in 1995 by John C. Wells, professor of phonetics at the University of London. ...

See also Wells (1982), section 4.4.

Vocabulary and grammar

Yorkshire dialect shares many features with other English dialects used in northern England or in Scotland (e.g. "Aye" for "Yes").

Examples of vocabulary and grammar more specific to Yorkshire dialects include

• Definite article reduction: shortening of the to a form without a vowel, often written t`. "Down the pub" is pronounced "down t` pub", where the t` represents a sound more like a glottal stop than a true t sound. That is, the phrase sounds like "downt <very brief pause> pub", where the t of downt is completely or very nearly absent. Giving the t` a full t sound ("down <brief pause> terpub") or omitting it entirely ("down pub") are mistakes commonly, and often deliberately, made by someone affecting a Yorkshire accent, or more usually a "comedy generic northern" accent. "Down to the pub" uses two t`s, each pronounced as above ("Down <t`> ter <t`> pub"). Phoneticists will understand that in the above examples, er represents schwa. In South Yorkshire, particularly in the Dearne Valley, the word "the" is often omitted entirely, "Down pub" would be widely understood as a complete sentence. This is particularly true around the village of Wath-upon-dearne. See this overview and a more detailed page on the Yorkshire Dialect website, and also Jones (2002).
• The use of owt and nowt (derived from Middle English aught and naught, but never pronounced /ɔːt/ and /nɔːt/ as those spellings might suggest) for "anything" or "nothing"; as well as "summat" for "something" /səmət/ derived from Middle English some-aught; also heard in rural parts of the USA, such as in the Appalachians.
• Nouns describing units of value, weight, distance, height and sometimes volumes of liquid have no plural marker. For example, "ten pounds" becomes "ten pound"; "five miles" becomes "five mile".
• Location descriptions gain an extra of. For example, "off the streets" becomes "off of the streets"; "alongside the table" becomes "alongside of the table".
• The word us is often used in place of me or in the place of our (e.g. we should put us names on us property), also common is to use the sound ahs in place of us and ah in place of our (e.g. we should put ahs name on ah property). (Compare the German "uns" or "unsere" meaning "us" or "our".)
• Use of the singular second-person pronoun thou (often written tha) and thee.
• In the West Riding, all cases of the past tense of to be is were: "I were wearing t'red coat, but he were wearing t'green one". In some areas, was is rather pronounced as "wuh". The East Riding does the opposite and makes all cases into was.
• In the North and West Ridings, "there are" often becomes "there is", often said 'thuz' in the West.
• Some areas abbreviate "I am not" to I aren't rather than the usual I'm not. This is common around York. In the screenplay of Rita, Sue and Bob Too, it was used frequently, so it is likely to have once been used in Bradford also.
• While is often used in the sense of until (e.g. unless we go at a fair lick, we'll not be home while seven.) "Stay here while it shuts" might cause a non-local to think that they should stay there during its shutting, when the order really means that they should only stay until it shuts. "Wait while lights flash" is seen on British road signs at railway level crossings (railroad grade crossings); the potential for misunderstanding is obvious.
• In common with many other dialects, aye is frequently used for yes.
• Generally in cities such as Sheffield and Leeds, love is a term used by anyone, said to anyone in any situation and in some environments it is used on the end of almost every sentence which is addressing someone (e.g. "That'll be three pounds please love").
• The word daft has a slightly different connotation in parts of Yorkshire. In most of Britain, its usage corresponds to "silly", but it is often used to mean "unintelligent" in Yorkshire.
• The word self may become sen, e.g. yourself becomes thy sen. The north-west of Yorkshire is more likely to use sel, e.g. thysel.
• Remnants from the Vikings include the verb laik, to play. The younger generation tend to abbreviate this to lek, however.

Definite Article Reduction (DAR) is the term used in recent linguistic work to refer to the use of vowel-less forms of the definite article in northern dialects of England. ... The IPA symbol for the Schwa In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa can mean: An unstressed and toneless neutral vowel sound in any language, often but not necessarily a mid-central vowel. ... Rita, Sue and Bob Too is a British film directed by Alan Clarke about two Yorkshire schoolgirls who have a sexual fling with a married man. ...

Yorkshire dialect and accent in popular culture

Many films demonstrate Yorkshire accents, although this source needs to be used with care: the film industry is notorious for using "generic Northern" accents, or confusing Lancashire and Yorkshire. In the best examples, characters will even use Yorkshire dialect — often as a somewhat simplistic device to establish their (lower) social class. Good films for hearing Yorkshire accents are Kes, filmed around Barnsley with local actors; the 1997 film The Full Monty, featuring Sheffield , which is a mix of Derbyshire and mild Yorkshire accents (lead actor [[Robert Carlyle is not from Sheffield, but is well known for working hard at getting his accent right - but he slips up occasionally in this film); and the 1998 film Little Voice, featuring a Scarborough accent (though Jane Horrocks is well known for her Lancashire accent). // Kes is a British film from 1969 by director Ken Loach and producer Tony Garnett. ... Curiositykc 15:34, 9 September 2007 (UTC) For other uses, see Barnsley (disambiguation). ... This article is about the film. ... Little Voice is a 1998 British film directed by Mark Herman, and adapted from Jim Cartwrights play The Rise and Fall of Little Voice. ...

In television, the sitcom Last of the Summer Wine, filmed in Holmfirth, has the many characters using local language forms. All Creatures Great and Small was set entirely in the Yorkshire Dales and many of the characters, especially the local farmers, speak with this accent. The Chuckle Brothers speak with an accent that southerners find much easier to understand and that can be found around Rotherham. Similarly, some programmes misrepresent it (or at least do not claim to be very local). The 1996 film Brassed Off was filmed in Grimethorpe, yet the accents are not representative. The soap Emmerdale is set around Otley ("Hotten"), but the accent heard in the soap does not reflect local trends accurately. Last of the Summer Wine (Originally The Last of the Summer Wine in the pilot episode), is a BBC sitcom written by Roy Clarke. ... Holmfirth is a small town located in the Holme Valley parish, in the Kirklees district of West Yorkshire, England. ... All Creatures Great and Small was the title given to a compilation volume first published in 1972 comprising James Herriots first two novels, If Only They Could Talk and It Shouldnt Happen to a Vet, which were considered too short to publish individually in the U.S. market. ... The Chuckle Brothers, Barry Elliot (born 24 December 1944) and Paul Elliot (born 18 October 1947) are British comedians. ... There is also a Rotherham, New Zealand , Rotherham is a town in South Yorkshire, England. ... Brassed Off (1996) is a British film written and directed by Mark Herman. ... Grimethorpe is a large village which is part of the metropolitan borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. ... For the 1994 debut album by The Cardigans, see Emmerdale (album). ... Otley on a market day, looking up Kirkgate with The Chevin in the background Otley is a town in northern England by the River Wharfe. ...

Ted Hughes originated from Mytholmroyd, close to the border with Lancashire, and spent much of his childhood in Mexborough, South Yorkshire. He spoke with one of the rhotic Yorkshire accents. 1 Aspinall Street, Mytholmroyd, West Yorkshire, where Ted Hughes was born. ... Statistics Population: 4,200 Ordnance Survey OS grid reference: SE012260 Administration District: Calderdale Region: Yorkshire and the Humber Constituent country: England Sovereign state: United Kingdom Other Ceremonial county: West Yorkshire Historic county: Yorkshire (West Riding) Services Police force: West Yorkshire Ambulance: Yorkshire Post office and telephone Post town: HEBDEN BRIDGE... Mexborough is a town on the north bank of the River Don west of its confluence with the River Dearne, in the Metropolitan Borough of Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. ... South Yorkshire is a metropolitan and ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber Government Office Region of England, in the United Kingdom. ...

Within the British Isles, the accent tends to have strong associations with common sense, so exaggerated Dales accents are occasionally heard in British comedy when "plain speaking" is called for. The Yorkshire Dales (also known as the Dales) is the name given to an upland area, in Northern England. ...

• Blackadder — In the third season episode 'Amy and Amiability', the episode's eponymous heroine Amy Hardwood's father (played by Lancastrian Warren Clarke) plays a stereotypical Eighteenth Century Yorkshire mill owner complete with Dales accent.
• Red Dwarf — In the fourth season episode 'DNA', the android Kryten's third spare head develops a broad Dales accent and stereotypical demeanor after it succumbs to 'droid rot'. As the episode's plot concerns the android being transmogrified into a human, Spare Head 3 is the straight-talking voice of hard reality, reminding Kryten that he 'came into this world as a Mechanoid, and a Mechanoid you'll always be' as a mild parody of typically British drama concerning class mobility and the common perception of a Dales accent being a solidly working-class one.
• Monty Python's Flying Circus — The only Python from Yorkshire is Michael Palin, from Sheffield in South Yorkshire, but in "plain speaking / hard times" sketches, a Yorkshire Accent is almost obligatory ("We lived in a hole in t' road, ate gravel" etc.; "Trouble at t' Mill. One of t' crossbeam's gone out of skew on t' treadle.").
• Battlestar Galactica (2004) — In the third season episode 'Dirty Hands', Dr. Gaius Baltar's native accent on agrarian Aerelon is spoken as a Yorkshire accent, which he abandons after teaching himself an inner colonies' accent as a child.
• Wallace of Wallace and Gromit has a Yorkshire accent.
• Star Trek: The Next Generation – In episode 156 & 157 Gambit, Captain Jean-Luc Picard, played by Yorkshireman Patrick Stewart, bears a distinct Huddersfield accent.

Alex Turner, vocalist of Arctic Monkeys, sings in a Sheffield South Yorkshire accent. He and his bandmates are from High Green, an upper working class suburb of Sheffield. For other uses, see Blackadder (disambiguation). ... Amy and Amiability is an episode of the BBC sitcom Blackadder. ... Warren Clarke (b. ... A factory (previously manufactory) is a large industrial building where goods or products are manufactured. ... This article is about the British sitcom. ... This is an episode list for the British science fiction sitcom Red Dwarf. ... This article is about the Red Dwarf character. ... An android is an artificially created robotic being that resembles a human being usually both in appearance and behavior. ... In contemporary usage, a parody (or lampoon) is a work that imitates another work in order to ridicule, ironically comment on, or poke some affectionate fun at the work itself, the subject of the work, the author or fictional voice of the parody, or another subject. ... This article is about the television series. ... Michael Edward Palin, CBE (born 5 May 1943) is an English comedian, actor, writer and television presenter best known for being one of the members of the comedy group Monty Python and for his travel documentaries. ... This article is about the 2004 television series. ... Dirty Hands is the sixteenth episode of the third season from the science fiction television series, Battlestar Galactica. ... Gaius Baltar is a fictional character in the re-imagined Battlestar Galactica. ... The flag of the Twelve Colonies in the reimagined series The Twelve Colonies of Man or Twelve Colonies of Kobol constitute the main human civilization in the fictional universe of the original 1978 science fiction film and television series Battlestar Galactica, and in the subsequent miniseries (2003) and series reimagining... Gromit redirects here. ... The title as it appeared in most episodes opening credits. ... Jean-Luc Picard is a fictional Star Trek character portrayed by Patrick Stewart. ... This article is about the actor. ... Alex Turner (born 1986) is the lead singer, guitarist and songwriter for Sheffield-based indie band Arctic Monkeys. ... In music a singer or vocalist is a type of musician who sings, i. ... Arctic Monkeys are a Mercury Prize winning English indie rock band from High Green, a suburb of Sheffield. ... South Yorkshire is a metropolitan and ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber Government Office Region of England, in the United Kingdom. ... High Green is the northernmost suburb of Sheffield, England and is often referred to as the Florence of the North (of Sheffield). This pleasant, welcoming area is one of the nicer areas Sheffield has to offer. ... “Suburbia” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Sheffield (disambiguation). ...

References

• Alexander, D. (2001). Orreight mi ol'. Sheffield: ALD. ISBN 1-901587-18-5. A book about the traditional Sheffield dialect.
• Jones, M. J. (2002). The origin of Definite Article Reduction in northern English dialects: evidence from dialect allomorphy. English Language and Linguistics 6.2: 325-345.
• Wakelin, M. F. (1977). English Dialects: An Introduction, , Revised Edition, London: The Athlone Press.
• Watt, D. and Tillotson, J. (2001). A spectrographic analysis of vowel fronting in Bradford English. English World-Wide 22:2, pp 269-302. Available at [4]
• Wells, J. C. (1982). Accents of English 2: The British Isles. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-28540-2.

2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance to the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see BBC (disambiguation). ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 5th October (Serbia). ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... is the 5th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... // Weak vowel merger The weak vowel merger (or Lennon-Lenin merger) is a phonemic merger of (schwa) with unstressed (sometimes written as ) in certain dialects of English. ... For other uses, see Sheffield (disambiguation). ...

Books written in Yorkshire Dialect

• Yorkshire ditties (Series 1) by John Hartley – {link}
• Yorkshire ditties (Series 2) by John Hartley – {link}
• Yorkshire tales (Series 3) by John Hartley – {link}
• Yorkshire Dialect Poems (1673-1915) and traditional poems by Frederic William Moorman – {link}
• Songs of the Ridings by Frederic William Moorman – {link}
• "A Kind of Loving" and "Joby" by Stan Barstow. (specifically that of Dewsbury and Ossett)
• Most of the dialogue in "GB84" by David Peace.
• A Kestrel for a Knave later turned into the film Kes.
• The Secret Garden (parts of) by Frances Hodgson Burnett
• Wuthering Heights (parts of) by Emily Brontë (note that this is very old-fashioned Haworth dialect)

John Hartley (1839-1915) was an English poet who worked in the Yorkshire dialect. ... John Hartley (1839-1915) was an English poet who worked in the Yorkshire dialect. ... John Hartley (1839-1915) was an English poet who worked in the Yorkshire dialect. ... Frederic William Moorman (1872 - 1919) Was a professor of English at Leeds university. ... Frederic William Moorman (1872 - 1919) Was a professor of English at Leeds university. ... A Kestrel for a Knave is a book by Barry Hines, published in 1968. ... // Kes is a British film from 1969 by director Ken Loach and producer Tony Garnett. ... Frances Hodgson Burnett Frances Burnetts blue plaque in central London Frances Hodgson Burnett, (November 24, 1849 - October 29, 1924) was an English playwright and author. ... For other uses, see Wuthering Heights (disambiguation). ... Emily Jane Brontë (pronounced ); (July 30, 1818 – December 19, 1848) was a British novelist and poet, now best remembered for her only novel Wuthering Heights, a classic of English literature. ...

In-depth studies of individual dialects in Yorkshire

• K.M. Petyt, Emily Bronte and the Haworth Dialect
• Joseph Wright, A Grammar of the Dialect of Windhill
• Hans Tidholm, The Dialect of Egton in North Yorkshire
• David Battye, Sheffield Dialect

Several nineteenth century books are kept in specialist libraries. Haworth, Main Street Haworth, Main Street For alternate meanings see Haworth (disambiguation) Haworth is a small village and tourist attraction, in the English county of West Yorkshire, best known for its association with the Brontë sisters. ... Joseph Wright may refer to: Joseph Wright of Derby (1734 — 1797), English painter. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ...

See also

• Yorkshire colloquialisms

All Creatures Great And Small by James Herriot Yorkshire colloquialisms, (sometimes referred to as Yorkshireisms), are colloquialisms or slang commonly spoken in Yorkshire, England. ...

Up And Down In The Dales, In the Heart Of The Dales, Head Over Heels In The Dales, by Gervase Phinn

External links

• Sounds Familiar? — Listen to examples of regional accents and dialects from across the UK on the British Library's 'Sounds Familiar' website
• English Accents and Dialects collection on the British Library Collect Britain website.
• Yorkshire Dialect website
• Yorkshire Dialect Society
• Chapter from a 1892 book on "Yorkshire Folk Talk". The descriptions focus on the dialect specifically of the East Riding
• Dialect Poems from the English regions
• Whoohoo Yorkshire Dialect Translator
• Guide to Yorkshire words given to international recruits to the Doncaster West N.H.S.

v • d • e Yorkshire
Counties of the Lieutenancies Act 1997	East Riding of Yorkshireʥ North Yorkshireʥ South Yorkshireʥ West Yorkshireʥ Cities, towns and villages British Library main building, London The British Library (BL) is the national library of the United Kingdom. ... This is a list of varieties of the English language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... English language skills of European Union citizens The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the two countries of the British Isles: the United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) and the Republic of Ireland. ... English English is a term that has been applied to the English language as spoken in England. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Estuary English is a name given to the form of English widely spoken in South East England, especially along the river Thames and its estuary. ... St Mary-le-Bow The term cockney is often used to refer to working-class people of London, particularly east London, and the slang used by these people. ... East Anglia - the easternmost area of England - was probably home to the first-ever form of language which can be called English. ... Traditionally, East Midlands English was spoken in those parts of Mercia lying East of Watling Street (the A5 London - Shrewsbury Road). ... West Midlands English is a group of dialects of the English language. ... The West Country dialects and West Country accents are generic terms applied to any of several English dialects and accents used by much of the indigenous population of the southwestern part of England, the area popularly known as the West Country. ... Northern English is a group of dialects of the English language. ... Lancashire Dialect and Accent refers to the vernacular speech in the historic county of Lancashire excluding that of Liverpool. ... This article is about the accent. ... Not to be confused with the Celtic Cumbric language Cumbria, in the extreme North West of England, is by no means unique in having a traditional local dialect, but the isolation of the area and its rich history mean that this is perhaps one of the most interesting rural dialects... Look up Mackem in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about the people and dialect of Tyneside. ... Scottish English is usually taken to mean the standard form of the English language used in Scotland, often termed Scottish Standard English[1][2]. It is the language normally used in formal, non-fiction written texts in Scotland. ... Glasgow patter or Glaswegian is a dialect shouted in and around Glasgow, Scotland. ... Highland English is the variety of Gaelic influenced Scottish English spoken in the Scottish Highlands. ... Welsh English, Anglo-Welsh, or Wenglish (see below) refers to the dialects of English spoken in Wales by Welsh people. ... Mid Ulster English (Ulster Anglo-Irish) is the dialect of most people in Ulster, including those in the two main cities. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Guernsey English is the dialect of English spoken by natives of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, distinguished by the fact that it has considerable influence from Dg̬rn̩siais, the variety of Norman indigenous to Guernsey. ... North American English is a collective term used for the varieties of the English language that are spoken in the United States and Canada. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Appalachian English is a common name for the Southern Midland dialect of American English. ... Baltimorese, sometimes phonetically written Bawlmerese or Ballimerese, is a dialect of American English which originated among the white blue-collar residents of working class South and Southeast Baltimore. ... The Boston accent is found not only in the city of Boston, Massachusetts itself but also much of eastern Massachusetts. ... Buffalo English, sometimes colloquially referred to as Buffalonian, is the unique variety of English used in and around Buffalo, New York. ... California English is a dialect of the English language spoken in the U.S. state of California. ... Chicano English is a dialect of American English used by Chicanos (persons of Mexican descent in America). ... Acadiana, the tradtitional Cajun homeland and the stronghold of both the Cajun French and English dialects. ... Note: This page or section contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... It has been suggested that Vermont English be merged into this article or section. ... For a small state, New Jersey is dialectally quite diverse, with two regions of the state overlapping with other dialect areas, New York and Philadelphia, and several autochthonous dialects. ... The New York dialect of the English language is spoken by most European Americans who were raised in New York City and much of its metropolitan area including the lower Hudson Valley, western Long Island, and in northeastern New Jersey. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Northeast Pennsylvania English is the local dialect of American English spoken in northeastern Pennsylvania, specifically in the Wyoming Valley area, which includes Wilkes-Barre and Scranton. ... The Inland North Dialect of American English was the standard Midwestern speech that was the basis for General American in the mid-20th Century, though it has been recently modified by the northern cities vowel shift. ... Pacific Northwest English is a dialect of the English language spoken in the Pacific Northwest. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... City Hall The Philadelphia Dialect is the accent of English spoken in Philadelphia and extending into Philadelphias suburbs in the Delaware Valley and southern New Jersey. ... Pittsburgh English, popularly known as Pittsburghese, is the dialect of American English spoken by many residents of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA and surrounding Western Pennsylvania. ... // Southern American English as defined by the monophthongization of to before obstruents (Labov, Ash, and Boberg 2006:126). ... Tidewater Accent is a American English accent. ... Utah English, sometimes humorously referred to as Utahnics, is a dialect of the English language spoken in the U.S. state of Utah. ... Yat refers to a unique collection of dialects of English spoken in New Orleans, Louisiana. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Dictionary of Newfoundland English Newfoundland English is a name for several dialects of English found in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, often regarded as the most distinctive dialect of English in Canada. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... The West/Central Canadian English dialect is one of the largest and most homogeneous dialect areas in North America. ... Caribbean English is a broad term for the dialects of the English language spoken in the Caribbean, most countries on the Caribbean coast of Central America, and Guyana. ... Trinidadian English or Trinidad and Tobago Standard English is a dialect of English used in Trinidad and Tobago. ... For the James L. Brooks motion picture, see Spanglish (film). ... Australian Aboriginal English (AAE) is a term referring to the various varieties of the English language used by Indigenous Australians. ... Torres Strait English is a dialect of the English language spoken by the Torres Strait Islanders of north Queensland, Australia. ... An example of Engrish on a sign in Sasebo, Japan. ... Sri Lankan English (SLE) is the English language as spoken in Sri Lanka. ... Tinglish (also Thenglish or Thailish) is the imperfect form of English produced by native Thai speakers due to language interference from the first language. ... South African English is a dialect of English spoken in South Africa and in neighbouring countries with a large number of Anglo-Africans living in them, such as Botswana, Namibia, and Zimbabwe. ... Look up Appendix:Basic English word list in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... International English is the concept of the English language as a global means of communication in numerous dialects, and the movement towards an international standard for the language. ... Globish is a portmanteau neologism of the words Global and English. ... For the region within the United States, see: Mid-Atlantic States Mid-Atlantic English describes a version of the English language which is neither predominantly American or British in usage. ... Plain English focuses on being a flexible and efficient writing style that readers can understand in one reading. ... Disambiguation: see also simple English Simplified English is a controlled language originally developed for aerospace industry maintenance manuals. ... Special English is a simplified version of the English language first used on October 19, 1959 and presently employed by the United States broadcasting service Voice of America in daily broadcasts. ... Standard English is a nebulous term generally used to denote a form of the English language that is thought to be normative for educated users. ... This is one of a series of articles about the differences between American English and British English, which, for the purposes of these articles, are defined as follows: American English (AmE) is the form of English used in the United States. ... E-Prime, short for English Prime, is a modification of the English language that prohibits the use of the verb to be in all its forms. ... Image File history File links Yorkshire_rose. ... Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England. ... The Ceremonial counties of England are areas of England that are appointed a Lord-Lieutenant, and are defined by the government with reference to the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England. ... The East Riding of Yorkshire is a local government district with unitary authority status, and a ceremonial county of England. ... North Yorkshire is a non-metropolitan or shire county, located in the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, and a ceremonial county in that region and also partly in North East England. ... South Yorkshire is a metropolitan and ceremonial county in the Yorkshire and the Humber Government Office Region of England, in the United Kingdom. ... Coat of Arms of South Yorkshire West Yorkshire is a metropolitan county within the Yorkshire and the Humber region of England, that has a population of 2. ... This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the historic English county of Yorkshire. ...
History	History • History of local government • East Riding • North Riding • West Riding Yorkshire is a traditional county of England, centred on the county town of York, and was traditionally split into three Ridings. ... The East Riding of Yorkshire is a local government district with unitary authority status, and a ceremonial county of England. ... The North Riding of Yorkshire is one of the three traditional subdivisions of Yorkshire, northern England, United Kingdom. ... The West Riding as an administrative county prior to its abolition in 1974. ...
Culture and heritage	Culture • Dialect and accent • On Ilkla Moor Baht 'at • People • Flags and symbols • White Rose • Yorkshire Day The culture of Yorkshire has evolved over the countys long history, taking influences from various sets of cultures who have controlled the land throughout its history including the Celts (Brigantes and Parisii), Romans, Angles, Vikings, Normans and much more. ... The White Rose of York (Rosa alba) is the symbol of the House of York and latterly of Yorkshire. ... Yorkshire Day is celebrated on August 1 to promote the English county of Yorkshire as a good place to be born, to live, to work in and to visit. ...