Statue of Yue Fei, from the Yue Fei Mausoleum in Hangzhou. The four characters on his banner say, Huan wo he shan , or "Give back my rivers and mountains".

Yue Fei Memorial Hall

Yue Fei's mother writes jīng zhōng bào gúo on his back.

Yue Fei (Simplified Chinese: 岳飞; Traditional Chinese: 岳飛; Pinyin: Yuè Fēi, Zi: Pengju (Simplified Chinese: 鹏举; Traditional Chinese: 鵬舉; Pinyin: Péngjǔ), Posthumous name: Wumu (Simplified Chinese: 武穆; Traditional Chinese: 武穆; Pinyin: Wǔmù) (March 17^?, 1103 – January 27, 1142) was a Chinese patriot and nationalist military leader who fought for the Southern Song Dynasty against the Jurchen Jin Dynasty. He is best known for his uncanny ability to achieve military victory, his controversial interpretation of loyalty which contributed to the collapse of Song Dynasty, and widely credited for the creation of Xingyiquan. This image was created by brightening Image:Yue_fei. ... This image was created by brightening Image:Yue_fei. ... Hangzhou (Chinese: 杭州; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hang-chou) is a sub-provincial city in China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. ... Yue Fei Memorial Hall File links The following pages link to this file: West Lake Yue Fei Categories: GFDL images ... Yue Fei Memorial Hall File links The following pages link to this file: West Lake Yue Fei Categories: GFDL images ... Download high resolution version (1595x740, 333 KB)Painting of a subject from the legend of Yue Fei, in which his mother writes the characters jīng zhōng bào gúo (serve the country loyally) on his back before he left home. ... Download high resolution version (1595x740, 333 KB)Painting of a subject from the legend of Yue Fei, in which his mother writes the characters jīng zhōng bào gúo (serve the country loyally) on his back before he left home. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name, is an extra name that could be used in place of the given name. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... A posthumous name (Traditional Chinese: 諡號/謚號 Simplified Chinese: 谥号; Pinyin: shì hào; Romaji: shigō/tsuigō; Revised Romanization of Korean: siho) is a honorary name given to royalty in some cultures posthumously, that is, after the persons death. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in Leap years). ... Events April 27 - Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, goes into exile after falling out with Henry I of England Amadeus III becomes Count of Savoy Bohemund I of Antioch is released from imprisonment among the Turks The Scandinavian city of Lund becomes a see within the Roman Catholic Church Births February... January 27 is the 27th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events End of the reign of Emperor Sutoku, emperor of Japan Emperor Konoe ascends to the throne of Japan Henry the Lion becomes Duke of Saxony Births Farid od-Din Mohammad ebn Ebrahim Attar, Persian mystical poet (died 1220) Hugh III, Duke of Burgundy (died 1192) Bornin1142, a GameFAQs user... The Song Dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... The Jurchens (Chinese: 女真, pinyin: nǚzhēn) were a Tungusic people who inhabited parts of Manchuria and northern Korea until the seventeenth century, when they became the Manchus. ... The Jin Dynasty (金 pinyin: JÄ«n 1115-1234; Anchu in Jurchen), also known as the Jurchen dynasty, was founded by the Wanyan (完顏 Wányán) clan of the Jurchen, the ancestors of the Manchus who established the Qing Dynasty some 500 years later. ... The Song Dynasty (Chinese: 宋朝) was a ruling dynasty in China from 960-1279. ... Xingyiquan is one of the three major internal Chinese martial arts—the other two being Taijiquan and Baguazhang—and is characterised by aggressive, seemingly linear movements and explosive power. ...

Days after his birth, flooding of the Yellow River destroyed Yue Fei's village. His father drowned in the floods, but not before he had ensured the survival of his wife and son by floating them downstream in a jar. Yue Fei and his mother settled in Hebei province. Becoming proficient in warfare at an early age, Yue Fei as a young man narrowly escaped execution after killing the Prince of Liang in a martial arts tournament. He did not join the fight against the Jurchen invaders until he was 23. The Yellow River, (Chinese: 黃河; , Pinyin: Huáng Hé; Wade-Giles: Hwang-ho; literally, Yellow River), is 4,700 km long and is the second longest river in China, after the Yangtze. ... Hebei (Chinese: 河北; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

According to legend, Yue Fei's mother tattooed four characters (Simplified Chinese: 精忠报国; Traditional Chinese: 精忠報國; Pinyin: jīng zhōng bào guó) which mean "serve the country loyally" on his back before he left home. This statement was seen as a program for the remainder of his life. A tattoo is a design or marking made by the insertion of a pigment into punctures or cuts in the skin. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ...

As a valiant and tactically astute general, Yue Fei led many successful campaigns against the forces of the Jin Dynasty. Taking advantage of the difficulties which his opponents' cavalry experienced in the hilly terrain of Southern China, he was able to score victories although his troops were frequently outnumbered. His forces succeeded in regaining territory south of the Yangtze and Huai Rivers. The enemies even said "撼山易，撼岳家军难", meaning it was easy to push over a mountain, but difficult to push over Yue's army. He was also known for his strict discipline of his legions, forbidding them to pillage, even when facing the harshest of conditions. He was a role model for followers of Confucius' ideas and moral values, as well as being an accomplished martial artist and was very poetic. He even allegedly created his own fighting form with a spear, famously known to peasants as '岳家槍', and all soldiers trained in it. However, his attempt to recoup the northern lands lost by the Southern Song Dynasty was opposed by officials who believed further warfare would prove too costly. This desire is reflected in his most famous poem (Yue Fei was also a renowned poet) Manjiang Hong (Simplified Chinese: 满江红; Traditional Chinese: 滿江紅; Pinyin: mānjiānghóng), or Entirely Red River). Afternoon light on the jagged grey mountains rising from the Yangtze River gorge The Yangtze River or Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the third longest in the world after the Amazon in South America and the Nile in Africa. ... Huai He The Huai River (Chinese: 淮河; pinyin: ) is about mid-way between the Yellow River (Huang He) and the Yangtze River. ... Statue of Yue Fei at the Yue Fei Mausoleum in Hangzhou. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ...

In the middle of a long victorious campaign against the Jin, corrupt officials, the most famous being the traitor Qin Hui (1091 - 1155) (Simplified Chinese: 秦桧; Traditional Chinese: 秦檜; Pinyin: Qín Huì), persuaded Emperor Gaozong to recall Yue Fei to the capital. Yue Fei had been ready to attack the capital of the Jin Dynasty at the time. The emperor ordered Yue Fei to return twelve times in the form of twelve gold plaques. Instead of saving the empire by eliminating the threat from the Jin Dynasty, Yue Fei chose to submit to the conspiracy and returned to the capital, where he would be executed. Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... Emperor Gaozong (June 12, 1107 – November 9, 1187), born Zhao Gou, was the tenth emperor of the Song Dynasty of China, and the first emperor of the Southern Song. ...

Qin Hui could not find a reason to execute the captured Yue Fei and was about to release him. However, Qin Hui's wife made the suggestion that since the emperor held absolute power, Qin Hui having the authority of the emperor, needed no reason to execute Yue Fei. He and his son, Yue Yun (Traditional Chinese: 岳雲; Simplified Chinese: 岳云; Pinyin: Yuè Yún）, were sentenced to death and executed on charges that were not proven but instead "could be true" (Traditional Chinese: 莫須有; Simplified Chinese: 莫须有; Pinyin: mò xū yǒu, lit. "could be true"). The phrase has entered the Chinese language as an expression to refer to fabricated charges. It is for this reason that not only Qin Hui, but his wife also kneels before Yue Fei's tomb. Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ... Traditional Chinese characters are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Simplified Chinese characters (Simplified Chinese: 简体字; Traditional Chinese: 簡體字; pinyin: jiÇŽntǐzì; also called 简化字/簡化字, jiÇŽnhuàzì) are one of two standard character sets of printed contemporary Chinese written language. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: 汉语拼音; Traditional Chinese: 漢語拼音; Hanyu Pinyin: , lit. ...

Legend has it those who plotted to have Yue Fei executed were haunted by his ghost and driven to commit suicide.

Today, he is revered as one of the great symbols of patriotism and a national hero in China; Manjiang Hong is well-read and is known throughout China and Chinese people around the world, and his mausoleum in Hangzhou is well-visited. There are also two heavily mutilated statues of Qin Hui and his wife, topless, kneeling outside the temple as if begging for mercy. People in the past used to spit upon and kick them, until they were protected as part of the historic temple. Statue of Yue Fei at the Yue Fei Mausoleum in Hangzhou. ... Hangzhou (Chinese: 杭州; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Hang-chou) is a sub-provincial city in China, and the capital of Zhejiang province. ...

Also, to instill a sense of patriotism, the Chinese government required all primary school students to read and study at least one text about Yue Fei. Defense of the homeland is a commonplace of military patriotism: commemorating the students at the École Polytechnique, Paris, 1814 Patriotism denotes positive attitudes by individuals to their own civic or political community, to its culture, its members, and to its interests. ... This article is on the politics of Mainland China. ...

Several martial arts have been attributed to Yue Fei, including Eagle Claw, Xingyiquan, Fanziquan, and Chuojiao, among others. The traditional Chinese martial art known as Eagle Claw (Ying Jow Pai) is one of the oldest and most complex of the surviving Northern Shaolin kung fu systems. ... Xingyiquan is one of the three major internal Chinese martial arts—the other two being Taijiquan and Baguazhang—and is characterised by aggressive, seemingly linear movements and explosive power. ... Fānziquán (Chinese: 翻子拳; literally tumbling fist) is a Chinese martial art that emphasizes qínná, or joint-locking. ...

Yue Fei has been in 126 battles and won them all; this is perhaps the best military record in world history.

External links

• The Most Famous Tattoo in Chinese History - Jing Zhong Bao Guo