For other car models also commercialized under the marque Yugo, see Zastava.

The Zastava Koral (known in the US simply as the Yugo) is a subcompact vehicle built by Zastava corporation. Automakers or automobile manufacturers are companies that design and manufacture automobiles. ... Zastava is a Serbian industrial conglomerate based in the city of Kragujevac, 86 miles (138 km) southeast of Belgrade. ... Car classification is a somewhat subjective subject, as many vehicles fall between classes or even outside all of them. ... The Nash Metropolitan of the 1950s was an early subcompact car. ... 1923 Ford Model T roadster 1950 Jaguar XK120 roadster This article is about the roadster car body style. ... Peugeot 306 Hatchback, with the hatch lifted and the parcel shelf tilted for access A hatchback is an automobile design, consisting of a passenger cabin which includes an integrated cargo space, accessed from behind by a hatch or flip-up window. ... Saab 900 Convertible Convertible can also refer to a convertible (security) A convertible (sometimes called cabriolet in British English) is a car body style with a folding or retracting roof. ... An automobile platform is a shared set of components common to a number of different automobiles. ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ... The Autobianchi A112 was an Italian automobile. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Internal combustion engine. ... Manual gearbox Gearbox redirects here. ... A manual transmission (also known as a stick shift, straight drive, or standard transmission) is a type of transmission used in automotive applications. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Curb weight or kerb weight is the total weight of an automobile with standard equipment, oil, lubricants, coolant, a full tank of fuel and not loaded with either passengers or cargo. ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ... The Fiat 127 was a supermini automobile produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1971 and 1987. ... The Autobianchi A112 was an Italian automobile. ... Maruti 800 is a 796 cc, 3 cylinder, 4 person car manufacted by Maruti Udyog in India. ... The Volkswagen Polo is a subcompact car/supermini manufactured by Volkswagen, sold mainly in Europe, but available in most export markets. ... A 1983 Fura The SEAT Fura is a rebadged version of a Fiat 127 developed by SEAT after the licence from Fiat expired. ... Automobile design or car design is the design of automobiles. ... Giorgetto Giugiaro Giorgetto Giugiaro (August 7, 1938) is an Italian car designer. ... Zastava is a Serbian industrial conglomerate based in the city of Kragujevac, 86 miles (138 km) southeast of Belgrade. ... Zastava is a Serbian industrial conglomerate based in the city of Kragujevac, 86 miles (138 km) southeast of Belgrade. ...

The car design is based on the mechanics of the Fiat 127 and Fiat 128, under licence from Fiat, and a modified Autobianchi A112 body style. The Yugo entered the United States by means of Malcolm Bricklin, who wanted to introduce a simple, low cost car to that market. The most American units sold in a year peaked at 45,000. ^[1] The Zastava Koral is still being sold in the former Yugoslavia with updated design. The Fiat 127 was a supermini automobile produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1971 and 1987. ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ... FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ... The Autobianchi A112 was an Italian automobile. ... Malcolm Bricklin (b. ...

Zastava Koral Info (Serbia)

• Trim Lines
  • Zastava Koral 1.1
  • Zastava Koral 1.3
  • Zastava Koral In 1.1
  • Zastava Koral In 1.3

Standard Features:

Koral Models: 1.1L or 1.3L engines, fan, cloth upholstery, glovebox, seatbelts, and more. (Possibly dual front airbags)

Koral In Models: Everything the Koral Models have plus a modernized interior and exterior.

Options include:

• Air Conditioning (Koral In)
• Radio (Koral In)

In 2006, the Zastava Koral In was crash tested at a German facility. Sources say the Koral In actually passed the tests thanks to airbags and other safety features. This could pave the way to export to the E.U. The European Union or EU is a supranational organisation of European countries, which currently has 25 member states. ...

Model names covered

"Go New, Go Yugo" UK Promotional Leaflet

In the lifetime of the model range the car has gone under a variety of different names: Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2471x3507, 3660 KB)Go New, Go Yugo UK Promotional Leaflet by now-defunct Zastava (GB) Ltd This is a copyrighted image that has been released by a company or organization to promote their work or product in the media, such as... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (2471x3507, 3660 KB)Go New, Go Yugo UK Promotional Leaflet by now-defunct Zastava (GB) Ltd This is a copyrighted image that has been released by a company or organization to promote their work or product in the media, such as...

The Zastava Koral is a subcompact automobile produced by the former Yugoslav and now Serbian manufacturer Zastava. The main factory is located in the city of Kragujevac in central Serbia. A subcompact car is a car in a vehicle size class smaller than a compact car, but larger than a microcar. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all South Slavic languages, Југославија in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... Zastava is a Serbian industrial conglomerate based in the city of Kragujevac, 86 miles (138 km) southeast of Belgrade. ... Location in Serbia General Information Mayor Veroljub Stevanović Party SDPO Land area 865 km² Population (2002 census) 211. ... Motto: none Anthem: Bože pravde (English: God of Justice) Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Formation and independence    - Formation of Serbia 814   - Formation of the Serbian Empire 1345   - Independence from the Ottoman Empire July 13, 1878...

History

Zastava was founded as an arms manufacturer in 1853. By the late 1930s the company had expanded into automobile production supplying Ford designed trucks to the Yugoslav Army. Vehicle production continued until 1941 when World War II reached Yugoslavia. Following the war Zastava was permitted to produce Jeeps under license from Willys-Overland until production was halted in the early 1950s. now. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all South Slavic languages, Југославија in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... Army (from French armée) can, in some countries, refer to any armed force. ... This article is becoming very long. ... Willys (pronounced will-eeze) was the brand name used by the United States automobile company Willys-Overland Motors, best known for its production of military and civilian Jeeps. ...

The first passenger models were produced on August 26, 1953 using designs licensed by Fiat of Turin. The first model designed by Zastava was a sedan called the Milletrecciento ("one thousand three hundred") powered by a 1300 cc engine. Some of the most successful models were those based on the Fiat 128 model, marketed under different names: Zastava 128, Zastava 311, Zastava Skala, et cetera. FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ... Turin (Italian: ; Piedmontese: Turin) is a major industrial city in north-western Italy, capital of the Piedmont region, located mainly on the west bank of the Po River. ... A cubic centimetre (cm3) is an SI derived unit of volume, equal to the volume of a cube with side length of 1 centimetre. ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ...

1992 Zastava Yugo Cabrio 1.3 EFI in front of the Bundeskanzleramt in Berlin, Germany

Zastava continued to produce vehicles for the Yugoslav and European markets until exports were limited by sanctions imposed by the United Nations in the 1990s. In 1984, automobile entrepreneur Malcolm Bricklin tested the U.S. market for Zastava vehicles, now branded as Yugo, in Verplanck, New York. As a result, in the summer of 1986, Yugo America began selling cars at a starting price of $3,990 for the entry-level GV ("Great Value") hatchback equipped with the 1100 cubic centimeter overhead-cam five-main-bearing engine and four-speed manual transmission. The similar GVL offered a more plush interior, but the sporty top-line GVX was powered by the beefier 1300 cc engine mated to a five-speed manual transmission, and included as standard equipment were a number of deluxe features such as a ground-effects package, alloy wheels and rallye lights. Image File history File links 800px-HPIM2583. ... Image File history File links 800px-HPIM2583. ... The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that aims at facilitating co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity. ... Malcolm Bricklin (b. ... Verplanck is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) located in the town of Cortlandt, Westchester County, New York. ...

By the late 1980s, US distributor Yugo America was in financial trouble, and American distribution was taken over by Zastava itself. The Yugo Cabrio convertible was introduced with many GVX features as standard equipment.

In the early 1990s the 1100 engine was dropped as the 1300 cc engine became the standard, and an automatic transmission was offered.

However, when the political instability in Yugoslavia intensified in early 1992, Zastava was forced to stop exports to the United States.

Zastava was hard hit during the late 1990s due to United Nations sanctions imposed during the Yugoslav civil war, and Yugo production suffered as a result. In 1999, during the Kosovo War, NATO aircraft deliberately bombed the Zastava car and truck factory, where the workers had set up a 24-hour watch, hoping that their physical presence in and around the premises would exempt it from destruction ^[2]. Nonetheless, NATO attacks killed and maimed dozens of employees. This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ... The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts (a civil war followed by an international war) in the southern Serbian province called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), part of the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... NATO 2002 Summit in Prague The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation[1] (NATO), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, the Atlantic Alliance or the Western Alliance, is an international organisation for collective security established in 1949, in support of the North Atlantic Treaty signed in Washington, DC, on 4 April 1949. ...

The site was repaired by the same factory workers in the years afterwards, and production continues today on the old site, in Kragujevac. Location in Serbia General Information Mayor Veroljub Stevanović Party SDPO Land area 865 km² Population (2002 census) 211. ...

Today there are various models available in the former Yugoslavia, including an agreement signed with Fiat for the production of the 2003 Fiat Punto model ^[3]. The Fiat Punto is a supermini produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat since 1994. ...

U.S. History

Introduced in the summer of 1986 at a price of less than $4000, the Yugo was by far the lowest-priced new car available in the USA at the time, and it sold very well at first. But by the early 1990s, the effects of United Nations sanctions on Yugoslavia forced Zastava to withdraw the car from the US market. The United Nations (UN) is an international organization that aims at facilitating co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, and social equity. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all South Slavic languages, Југославија in Serbian and Macedonian Cyrillic) is a term used for the three separate political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ...

In the United States, the Yugo soon developed a negative reputation among non-owners; defenders of the brand countered by arguing that major auto producers were collaborating with influential automotive media in efforts to eliminate competition.

At first, three models of Yugo were sold in the United States: the basic entry-level $3,900 GV (for "Great Value"), the nearly-identical GVL with minor trim and upholstery upgrades, and the race-inspired GVX with the 1300 cc engine, five-speed manual transmission and standard equipment including a plush interior, ground-effects package, alloy wheels and rally lights. The Cabrio convertible was introduced in 1988.

By 1990, the GV, GVL and the 1100 cc engine and four-speed manual transmission were replaced by a 1300 cc OHC engine and five-speed manual transmission, and an optional Renault-designed automatic transmission was offered. The standard model became the GV Plus.

Those familiar with the Fiat 127's prowess as an autocross racer meant that many a Yugo GV was modified with Abarth racing parts and sent to participate in SCCA-sanctioned events, notably in the organization's "Solo II" category. The Fiat 127 was a supermini automobile produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1971 and 1987. ... Autocross course with Mazda Miata Autocross is a form of motorsports that emphasizes safe, low-cost competition and active participation. ... Abarth was an Italian racing car maker founded by Carlo Abarth, of Austrian origins. ... The SCCA could be considered the grass-roots level of auto racing in the United States. ...

Malcolm Bricklin signed a deal with Zastava in 2002 to bring back Yugo to American shores with a model tentatively called the ZMW. Under Bricklin's direction, 'Zastava Motor Works USA' expected to sell 60,000 cars in 2003^[4]. However, Bricklin instead turned to marketing the Chery line of Chinese cars^[5]. The Chery Automotive Group is one of the fastest growing car companies in China. ...

Marketing

Then-unknown Ryan Stiles appearing in an advertisement.

The Yugo was rigorously marketed in the late 1980s as a car that would fit into everybody's life, providing basic economical and reliable transportation along the lines of the Volkswagen Beetle and the earlier Ford Model T. The car was promoted as a uniquely affordable new vehicle - providing an option for buyers who would otherwise have chosen a used vehicle - and as a reliable second car for wealthier buyers. A then-unknown Ryan Stiles also appeared in one ad. ^[6] The Yugo also carried the tagline "Everybody needs a Yugo sometime" ^[7]. This marketing appealed successfully to its target market of low-budget new car buyers people, as well as wealthier people looking for an affordable second or third car. ^[8] . A popular ad included the 39-90 campaign, a play on the $3,990 price of the car. Image File history File links Stilesyugoad. ... Image File history File links Stilesyugoad. ... Ryan Stiles Ryan Stiles ate mad shit in Desert Storm. ... The Volkswagen Type 1, more commonly known as the Beetle, Vocho, Bug or Käfer (German), is a compact car, produced by Volkswagen from 1938 until 2003. ... Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ... 1908 Ford Model T advertisement The Model T (colloquially known as the Tin Lizzie and the Flivver) was an automobile produced by Henry Fords Ford Motor Company from 1908 through 1928. ... Ryan Stiles Ryan Stiles ate mad shit in Desert Storm. ...

Past Models in the Koral Range

Two old Zastava Yugo Korals in Kosovo

Yugo 45 derivative models have included the Yugo 55, 60, 65, Koral, Ciao, Tempo, Cabrio, GV, GV Plus, GVX, and GVL. Yugos were based on the mechanics of the Fiat 128 with an Autobianchi A112-type body and were the evolution of previous Fiat models built under license. Yugo engines were fitted with a carburetor late into the 1980s, but fuel-injected models (starting with Koral 65) were introduced beginning with the GVX-EFI (Electronic fuel injection), which featured a 1300 cc engine designed by Porsche for Fiat. The fuel injection system was provided by BOSCH and had Multiport fuel injection with a three-way catalytic converter and "Lambda" sensor. Image File history File links Description: Two Yugo in their native country (picture taken in Priština, Kosovo). ... Image File history File links Description: Two Yugo in their native country (picture taken in Priština, Kosovo). ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ... The Autobianchi A112 was an Italian automobile. ... FIAT Group, or Fiat S.p. ... Stromberg side-draft carburetor The carburetor, carburettor, or carburetter (see spelling differences), also called carb (in North America) or carbie (chiefly in Australia) for short, is a device that mixes air and fuel for an internal-combustion engine. ... Fuel injection is a technology used in internal combustion engines to mix the fuel with air prior to combustion. ... Engine displacement is defined as the total volume of air/fuel mixture an engine can draw in during one complete engine cycle; it is normally stated in cubic centimetres, litres or cubic inches. ... Dr. Ing. ... Bosch is the colloquial short name for the German company Robert Bosch GmbH, as well as the last name of: Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516) - Dutch painter Robert Bosch (1861-1942) - German industrialist Carl Bosch (1874-1940) - German chemist and engineer Juan Bosch (1909-2001) - Dominican politician and writer Orlando Bosch... Fuel injection is a technology used in internal combustion engines to mix the fuel with air prior to combustion. ...

Current models

Zastava currently sells an updated version of the Yugo 45 model in Serbia, Montenegro, Croatia, Republic of Macedonia, Greece, Lebanon, Libya, Syria, Tunisia, Poland and Egypt. As well as all the Koral versions available, other models include the Florida and Skala. In October 2005, an agreement with Fiat was reached for production of the Fiat Punto by Zastava for Eastern European markets, which will be known as the Zastava 10. The Koral IN L, with a fuel injected 1.1 L Peugeot engine, met the European Union safety standards in a test supervised by the German Technischer Überwachungsverein (Technical Monitoring Association). This may pave the way for export to E.U. countries. Motto: none Anthem: Bože pravde (English: God of Justice) Capital Belgrade Largest city Belgrade Official language(s) Serbian1 Government Republic  - President Boris Tadić  - Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Formation and independence    - Formation of Serbia 814   - Formation of the Serbian Empire 1345   - Independence from the Ottoman Empire July 13, 1878... Motto: None Anthem: Oj, svijetla majska zoro Capital Podgorica Largest city Podgorica Official language(s) Serbian of the Ijekavian dialect1 Government Republic  - President Filip Vujanović  - Prime Minister Milo Đukanović Independence From Serbia and Montenegro   - Declared June 3, 2006   - Recognised June 8, 2006  Area    - Total 14,026 km² (159th)   5,414... Motto: (Transliteration: ) (English: ) Anthem: (Transliteration: ) (English: ) Capital Skopje Largest city Skopje Official language(s) Macedonian, Albanian1 Government Parliamentary republic  - President Branko Crvenkovski  - Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski Independence From Yugoslavia   - Declared September 8, 1991  Area    - Total 25,333 km² (148th)   (9,779 sq mi)   - Water (%) 1. ... The Fiat Punto is a supermini produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat since 1994. ... Eastern Europe is, by convention, a region defined geographically as that part of Europe covering the eastern part of the continent. ... Zastava 10 is a car produced in Kragujevac, Serbia. ... Peugeot is a major French car brand, part of PSA Peugeot Citroën. ... The TÃœV (short for Technischer Ãœberwachungsverein, technical monitoring association in english) is a German organization that tries to protect humans and environment against dangers of technical plants and mechanisms of all kinds. ... The constitutional treaty as signed in Rome on 29 October 2004 by representatives from all EU Member States The European Union (EU) is an intergovernmental and supranational union of 25 democratic member states. ...

Criticism and response

Along with other Central and Eastern Europe vehicles marketed in the West during the 20th century - such as Lada and Škoda - the Yugo was subjected to derision by critics who pointed to its use of old-generation Fiat technology and to alleged issues with build quality and reliability. Lada logo Lada is the trademark of AutoVAZ, a Russian car manufacturer. ... Å koda Auto ( (help· info)) is a Czech automobile manufacturer and one of the four oldest car producers in the world. ...

Defenders of the vehicle have counter-argued that the Yugo's reputation suffered due to an issue that also appeared with initially-inexpensive cars as the Chevrolet Chevette, Rambler, Crosley and others - dealers were finding that too many owners were considering inexpensive cars as "disposable", and were failing to perform basic maintenance such as oil changes. 1978 Chevrolet Chevette (with 1976 grille) and 1974 Cadillac Fleetwood Seventy-Five Brougham The Chevrolet Chevette was Chevrolets version of GMs worldwide T-car program of the 1970s also sold as Vauxhall Chevette, Opel Kadett Isuzu Gemini, Holden Gemini and Pontiac 1000. ... 1) An American car brand/model - see Rambler (car). ... Crosley station wagon The Crosley is an automobile manufactured by the Crosley Corporation and later by Crosley Motors Incorporated in the United States from 1939 to 1952. ...

As with all motor vehicles, Yugo's basic design requires a certain amount of regular maintenance. One critical issue specific to the Yugo was the need for regular replacement of the close-tolerance (known in the industry as an interference engine) engine's timing belt - every 40,000 miles. Though this requirement was stressed in owners' manuals, it was too frequently overlooked by owners. The factory also stresses the need for 89-octane fuels for the high-compression engines. Some Yugo owners have reported that regular oil changes and appropriate maintenance allow the cars to remain dependable and basically trouble-free. ^[9]

Owners of the Yugo and related models in the former Yugoslavia benefit from a ready supply of inexpensive spare parts due to general continuity in the car's design; local mechanics' ready familiarity with the Yugo also lowers the cost of ownership. Yugo owners in America can still generally find parts, and access to parts and service is assisted by design commonalities with the Fiat 127 and 128. The Fiat 127 was a supermini automobile produced by the Italian manufacturer Fiat between 1971 and 1987. ... The 128 was a subcompact automobile manufactured by the Italian manufacturer Fiat from 1969 to 1985. ...

1992 Zastava Yugo Cabrio 1.3 EFI in front of the Reichstag in Berlin, Germany

Image File history File links YugoCabrio. ... Image File history File links YugoCabrio. ...

Trivia

• Zastavas hold many racing records all over the world.^{[10][11] [12] [13]}
• Motor Trend magazine's comment on the cessation of Yugo exports to America was, It's a shame. America needs a car like the Yugo.
• Zastava Yugo's introductory advertising slogan Introducing the same old idea, compared the cars to Ford Model T and Volkswagen Beetle, other basic-transportation vehicles.
• Although Zastava's Yugo was voted Car Talk's worst car of the millennium, the poll results are questionable since it was taken years after exports ceased and it is unknown how many of those respondents had actually owned or even driven one.^[14]
• When it was first brought to America, the Zastava Yugo only cost $3,990 USD (Approximately $7,330 2006 USD). ^[15]
• When the Yugo first came out, many people placed orders before they ever saw one.^[16]
• Zastava employees report that Yugo cars destined for American export underwent much more-stringent quality-control procedures than domestic models.
• A Zastava Yugo was blown completely off the Mackinac Bridge in Michigan during a strong wind. High speed was to blame^[17].

Motor Trend is one of the oldest automotive magazines still publishing. ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ford Model T For the blues musician, see T-Model Ford. ... The Volkswagen Type 1, more commonly known as the Beetle, Vocho, Bug or Käfer (German), is a compact car, produced by Volkswagen from 1938 until 2003. ... Car Talk is a radio talk show broadcast weekly on National Public Radio stations throughout the United States and elsewhere. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... The Mackinac Bridge (pronounced MACK-in-aw, and affectionately known as the Mighty Mac or Big Mac), is a suspension bridge spanning the Straits of Mackinac to connect the non-contiguous upper and lower peninsulas of the U.S. state of Michigan. ... Official language(s) None (English, de-facto) Capital Lansing Largest city Detroit Area  Ranked 11th  - Total 97,990 sq mi (253,793 km²)  - Width 239 miles (385 km)  - Length 491 miles (790 km)  - % water 41. ...

Popular culture

Movies

• Dragnet - A 1987 movie with Tom Hanks and Dan Aykroyd. The Yugo in question was issued to the pair when they wrecked several other cars and the police department was reluctant to issue them anything more expensive.
• Drowning Mona - An explanation informs viewers that the setting (Verplanck, New York) was a test market for Yugos. The cars in the movie were provided by Apple Motors in Denver, Colorado.
• The Birdcage - Features a yellow Yugo Cabrio in Miami.
• Bowfinger - The main character produced a documentary called The Yugo Story.
• Die Hard: With a Vengeance - Bruce Willis is seen driving a yellow Yugo on the FDR Drive in NYC (Samuel L. Jackson was in the passenger seat).
• The Crow - A 1994 movie; in it, a Yugo meets its demise in a collision on a rainy night with a police car.
• The Nutty Professor - A 1996 movie remake; in it, the professor makes mention of intending to purchase a Yugo instead of a sports car with his company's money.
• Savior
• Domino (film)

Dragnet opening frame from the 1967 version. ... Thomas Jeffrey Tom Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is a two-time Academy Award-winning American actor, voice-over artist and movie producer who starred in family-friendly and screwball comedies before achieving notable success as a dramatic actor. ... Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated Canadian comedian, actor, screenwriter and musician. ... Drowning Mona DVD cover Drowning Mona is a 2000 US crime comedy starring Danny DeVito as Wyatt Rash, a local police chief from Verplanck, New York, who investigates a mysterious death of Mona Dearly (played by Bette Midler), a spiteful, loud-mouthed and around the town highly unpopular woman, who... Nickname: The Mile-High City Location of Denver in Colorado Coordinates: City-County Denver (coextensive) Founded November 22, 1858 Incorporated November 7, 1861 Mayor John Hickenlooper (D) Area    - City 401. ... Official language(s) English Capital Denver Largest city Denver Area  Ranked 8th  - Total 104,185 sq mi (269,837 km²)  - Width 280 miles (451 km)  - Length 380 miles (612 km)  - % water 0. ... The Birdcage is a 1996 movie (a re-make of La Cage aux Folles for Jewish-American audiences) which stars Robin Williams, Nathan Lane, Gene Hackman, Dianne Wiest, Dan Futterman, Calista Flockhart, Christine Baranski and Hank Azaria. ... The Middle Finger gesture (possibly offensive) The finger, as in giving someone the finger, known variously as the one-finger salute, the highway salute, flicking (someone) off, flipping (someone) off, flipping the bird, showing someone the middle finger, digital signalling, Thumbs up plus 2, or the Trudeau salute (in Canada... Die Hard: With a Vengeance, the third film in the Die Hard series starring Bruce Willis as policeman John McClane, adds Samuel L. Jackson as Zeus Carver, Willis reluctant partner. ... Bruce Willis (born March 19, 1955 as Walter Bruce Willis in Idar-Oberstein, West Germany) is an American actor and singer. ... Franklin Delano Roosevelt (January 30, 1882–April 12, 1945), 32nd President of the United States, the longest-serving holder of the office and the only man to be elected President more than twice, was one of the central figures of 20th century history. ... Nickname: Big Apple Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ... Samuel Leroy Jackson (born December 21, 1948) is an Academy Award-nominated American actor. ... The Crow is a comic book series created by James OBarr. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Savior refers to a person who helps people achieve Salvation. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Music

• Paul Shanklin has a song, In A Yugo, which pokes fun at a liberal couple who buy a Yugo to save gas, only to end up being killed by a produce truck when they swerve to miss a baby duck. The song is sung to the tune of In the Ghetto by Elvis Presley
• The punk band Left Wing Fascists has a song called I drive a Yugo on the album A Mother's Nightmare.
• In the Veggietale version of "Breakdown" (A song about a car falling apart by Relient K), Larry says he drives a yugo

Paul Shanklin is the creator of many of satirical bits used by Rush Limbaugh. ... Look up liberal on Wiktionary, the free dictionary Liberal may refer to: Politics: Liberalism American liberalism, a political trend in the USA Political progressivism, a political ideology that is for change, often associated with liberal movements Liberty, the condition of being free from control or restrictions Liberal Party, members of... Elvis Aron Presley (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977), often known simply as Elvis and also called The King of Rock n Roll or simply The King, was an American singer and actor. ... Left Wing Fascists is a band from the Tidewater region of Virginia. ... Relient K is a Christian rock band formed in 1998 in Canton, Ohio and named after guitarist Matt Hoopess Plymouth Reliant K car. ...

Novels

• Catalyst (by Laurie Halse Anderson)
• Florida Roadkill
• Needful Things
• The Stand (uncut version)

Laurie Halse Anderson (born 1961) writes for children and young adults. ... Cover of US paperback edition of Florida Roadkill Florida Roadkill is the first book in the unnamed series of books by Tim Dorsey which were centered on his character Serge Storms. ... Needful Things is a horror novel written by Stephen King in 1991. ... The Stand is an apocalyptic horror novel by Stephen King. ...

Television

• Saturday Night Live: SNL debuted a spoof television commercial in 1986 for an extremely cheap subcompact car called "Adobe," (a Renault Le Car in disguise) which according to the advertisement is literally made of clay and sells for only $179. The pitchman (played by Phil Hartman) prefaces the car's introduction by declaring, "These days, everyone's talking about the Hyundai, and the Yugo. Both nice cars, if you've got $3,000 or $4,000 to throw around."
• The Simpsons: Episode #9F07 (Mr. Plow) makes a reference to the Yugo. After totaling both family cars in a drunk driving incident, Homer Simpson makes his way to "Crazy Vaclav's Place of Automobiles" and test drives a subcompact car from a country that "no longer exists". Crazy Vaclav goes on to tell Homer that the car "gets 400 hectares to a tank of kerosene." As Homer attempts to start the car Crazy Vaclav shouts for Homer to "Put it in 'H'!", which is a reference to the Cyrillic alphabet used in the Serbian written language. In Serbian the word for 'Neutral' is 'Neutralan', which is written "Неутралан" with an H. Another reference occurs in episode #EABF01 (The Great Louse Detective) which indicates that Homer's pink sedan may be a Yugo. After discovering that he cannot drive whilst reading a magazine and crashing his pink sedan, he summons a tow truck. He informs the mechanic that he wants his car fixed "with quality GM Parts". The mechanic informs Homer that his car was "made in Croatia" from "old Soviet tanks". Visual cues suggest his car may be a Zastava 128, also known as Zastava Skala, Yugoslavian version of original Fiat 128 sedan, which was never sold in the U.S. Coincidentally, Sky One's live-action re-enactment of the Simpsons opening uses a brown Lada Riva as Homer's car.
• Whose Line Is It Anyway?: At the beginning of every episode Drew Carey makes a joke explaining that the points are useless. In one episode, he said "The points are as useless as a fully loaded, top of the line, Yugo."
• Yahoo! - the online Internet search engine ran a commercial during NASCAR races featuring a racing team using Yahoo! to get parts for their Yugo race car (making it jet propelled). Team Yugo gets to win the race.
• Midas - a U.S. automotive repair chain, did a commercial featuring a guy shouting "woo-hoo" whilst performing crazy stunts in a Yugo. As the car is about to crash into a lake the commercial cuts to the shop and the spokesman says "Yugo, what are you going to do?"
• Moonlighting (TV series): In one episode, David Addison (Bruce Willis) has to drive Yugo instead of 'Maddie' Hayes's (Cybill Shepherd) BMW.
• My Name is Earl - the car Earl siphons gas out of in "Something to Live For" is a Yugo.
• Malcolm in the Middle - Malcolm's principal drives a Yugo (in question) in very bad mechanical condition. ^[18]
• Home Improvement - When Mark is doing his science project, Tim brings out a box filled with foam balls to be used as planest, to which mark replies, "There aren't that many planets" Tim replied, "Sure there are" and named off car brands as planets. He grabbed a small ball out the box and said, "And this planet's Yugo. I think this planet was destroyed" and threw it behind him.
• Kentucky Fried Chicken - in a Summer 2006 commercial for their product, the "Ultimate Cheese Snacker", two men are sitting in a 1986 Yugo GV stopped at a toll gate and, consequently, blocking traffic from moving through the gate. The men are not able to pass through the toll gate because the passenger says that he has "used all of his (the driver's) change for the new 99 cent Ultimate Cheese Snacker."

Saturday Night Live (SNL) is a weekly late night 90-minute American comedy-variety show based in New York City which has been broadcast by NBC nearly every Saturday night since its debut on October 11, 1975. ... In contemporary usage, a parody is a work that imitates another work in order to ridicule, ironically comment on, or poke affectionate fun at the work itself, the subject of the work, the author or fictional voice of the parody, or another subject. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Renault 5. ... Phil Hartman (Birthname: Philip Edward Hartmann) (September 24, 1948 – May 28, 1998) was a Canadian-born American graphic artist, writer, actor, voice artist, and comedian // Biography Philip Edward Hartmann was born in Brantford, Ontario, Canada to Rupert and Doris Hartmann; the family was of German Catholic descent. ... The Hyundai Motor Company (HMC) (KSE: 005380, LSE: HYUD), a division of the Hyundai Kia Automotive Group, is South Koreas largest car maker. ... The Simpsons is an Emmy and Peabody Award-winning American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Network, becoming one of the first hits for the network, and is one of the most successful television shows ever produced. ... Mr. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Serbian language is one of the standard versions of the Štokavian dialect, used primarily in Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and by Serbs everywhere. ... En (Н, н) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, representing the consonant /n/. It looks exactly like the Latin capital letter H. Categories: Cyrillic letters | Writing system stubs ... The Great Louse Detective is the sixth episode of The Simpsons fourteenth season. ... General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM), also known as GM, is an American automobile maker with worldwide operations and brands including Buick, Cadillac, Chevrolet, GMC, Holden, Hummer, Opel, Pontiac, Saturn, Saab and Vauxhall. ... Soviet redirects here. ... Sky One is British Sky Broadcastings flagship entertainment channel in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. ... Lada Riva. ... Whose Line Is It Anyway? (sometimes abbreviated to Whose Line?), is an improvisational comedy show. ... Drew Carey Drew Allison Carey (born May 23, 1958 in Cleveland, Ohio, USA) is an American actor and comedian recognizable by his crew cut and black-rimmed glasses. ... Yahoo! - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... The National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) is the largest sanctioning body of motorsports in the United States. ... Moonlighting is a television series that first aired on ABC in the United States from 1985 to 1989 with a total of 66 episodes. ... My Name Is Earl is an Emmy Award-winning American sitcom created by Greg Garcia. ... siphon principle A siphon (also spelled syphon) is a continuous tube that allows liquid to drain from a reservoir through an intermediate point that is higher than the reservoir, the up-slope flow being driven only by hydrostatic pressure without any need for pumping. ... Earls having car trouble, and sees it as a sign to make up for Sucked gas out of a hose. When he gives the man he stole all the gas from, he finds that Philo is suicidal. ... Malcolm in the Middle is an American situation comedy created by Linwood Boomer for the Fox Network. ... For the renovation process, see Home improvement. ... A portrait of Col. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NStfUnmU9PE&search=Yugo
2. ^ http://www.agitprop.org.au/stopnato/19991217zastnasy.php
3. ^ http://english.eastday.com/eastday/englishedition/business/userobject1ai1474719.html
4. ^ http://www.forbes.com/2002/04/23/0423yugo.html "Yugo Redux", Forbes Magazine
5. ^ http://www.detnews.com/2005/autosinsider/0501/02/A01-47455.htm "First Chinese cars to hit U.S. shores"
6. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znyK0R81z4Y&search=Yugo
7. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-VV9NOBYDC4&search=Yugo
8. ^ PETERS, E (2004): Automotive Atrocities: The Cars We Love to Hate. Motorbooks International.
9. ^ http://www.inet.hr/~bpauric/eindex.htm
10. ^ http://groups.yahoo.com/group/yugounitedgvowners2/ Yugo GV United Owners (a forum for Yugo Racing Enthusiasts)
11. ^ http://users.otenet.gr/~makthes29/ Athens Yugo Racing Team
12. ^ http://rrteam.k2.net/ Route Racing Team
13. ^ http://www.geocities.com/nikolic_lj_dragan/Racing/Yugo55/Yugo55.htm Another Zastava Yugo Racing Team
14. ^ http://www.cartalk.com/content/features/Worst-Cars/results5.html
15. ^ PETERS, E: Idem
16. ^ Ibid
17. ^ http://info.detnews.com/history/story/index.cfm?id=156&category=locations
18. ^ Malcolm in the Middle Episode 90, production code: 06-03-505, Malcolm Films Reese

• GEORGANO, Nick (1985): The complete encyclopaedia of motorcars: 1885 to Present. George Rainbird Publishing. ISBN 0-11-702319-1.
• Automobil Revue - Revue Automobile Yearbooks

External links

Official websites

• Zastava Serbia website
• Zastava Bosnia site
• Zastava information site (in Serbian only, English version "coming soon")

Owner's and Fan clubs

• Yugo Fan Club - Official
• Comprehensive Zastava Yugo page
• Czech classic Zastava Owner's Club (in Czech only, comprehensive photo gallery)
• German classic Zastava Owner's Club (in German)

Miscellaneous

• Photographs of the Zastava Factory after NATO bombing
• Recreation: Autos: Makes and Models: Yugo from the Open Directory Project website

The Open Directory Project (ODP), also known as DMoz (from Directory. ...

See also

• Zastava
  • Zastava Florida (also known as Yugo Sana)
  • Zastava Skala (also known as Zastava 101)
  • Zastava 10
  • Zastava 750