Zaynab's name in Arabic Calligraphy

Zaynab bint Ali (Arabic: زينب بنت علي ) (Urdu: زينب بنت على ) was the daughter of the 4th Caliph, the first Shi'a imam, Ali, and granddaughter of Muhammad. Image File history File links Zaynab_Script. ... Image File history File links Zaynab_Script. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... The phrase Zaban-e Urdu-e Mualla written in Urdu Urdu () is an Indo-European language of the Indo-Aryan family that developed under Persian, Turkish, Arabic, Hindi, and Sanskrit influence in South Asia during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire (1200-1800). ... Caliph is the title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... The Shia Imam is considered by the Shia sect of Islam to be the rightful successor to Muhammad, and is similar to the Caliph in Sunni Islam only with regards to the aspect of political leadership. ... For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation). ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ...

Early life

Zaynab was the third child of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Fatima Zahra. She was born in Medina on the 5th of Jumada al-awwal (although some traditions say she was born on the 1st of Shaban) (of the Muslim Calendar). Zaynab was named by Muhammad after her eldest aunt, then deceased. Zaynab lost her mother when she was only seven years old. She grew extremely close to her full brothers, Hassan and Husayn. Ali ibn Abu Talib (Arabic: علي بن أبي طالب translit: ‘Alī ibn Abu Ṭālib Persian: علی پسر ابو طالب) ‎ (599 – 661) is an early Islamic leader. ... This article is about Muhammads daughter. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Jumada al-awwal ( جمادى الأول )is the fifth month in the Islamic calendar. ... Shaaban (Arabic: شعبان ) is the eighth month of the Islamic calendar. ... Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ... This article is about Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib (626 – 680). ...

Marriage

When Zaynab came of age, she was married to her cousin Abdullah ibn Ja'far, a nephew of Ali, in a simple ceremony. Although Zaynab's husband was a man of means, the couple is said to have lived a modest life. Much of their wealth was devoted to charity. Abdullah was sometimes called "the sea of munificence" or "the cloud of munificence". ^{[citation needed]} Abdullah ibn Jafar was the son of Jafar ibn Abu Talib and the nephew of Ali. ...

The marriage of Zaynab did not diminish her strong attachment to her family. Ali also felt a great affection for his daughter and son-in-law and when he became caliph and moved the capital from Medina to Kufa, Zaynab and Abdullah joined him. Zaynab bore four sons - Ali, Aun, Muhammad, and Abbas - and one daughter, Umm Kulthum. Caliph is the title for the Islamic leader of the Ummah, or community of Islam. ... Kufa (الكوفة al-Kufa in Arabic) is a city in Iraq, about 170 km south of Baghdad, and 10 km northeast of Najaf. ... Aun ibn Abdullah was the son of Abdullah ibn Jafar and Zainab bint Ali. ... Mohammad ibn Abdullah was the son of Abdullah ibn Jafar and Zainab bint Ali. ... Umm Kulthum (Arabic: أم كلثوم other English spellings include: Om Kalthoum, Oum Kalsoum, Oum Kalthum, Omm Kolsoum, Umm Kolthoum, Um Kalthoom) (c. ...

Zaynab and Karbala

Zaynab mourns Husayn

At the death of the Mu'awiyah I, Husayn set out from Medina to Kufa to claim the leadership of the Muslim community. Zaynab accompanied him, as did most of his household. After Husayn's death at the Battle of Karbala, Zaynab was taken prisoner by the army of Yazid I, Mu'awiyah's son and successor. Zainab and the other survivors of Husayn's expedition, most of them women and children, were marched to Damascus, Yazid's capital, where they were held prisoner. Tradition says that Zaynab, already in anguish due to the death of her brother Husayn and her sons Aun and Muhammad, was forced to march unveiled. This was an extreme indignity to inflict on a high-ranking Muslim woman, the granddaughter of Muhammad. Image File history File links Zaynab_Karbala. ... Image File history File links Zaynab_Karbala. ... Muawiyah I ( 602 - May 6, 680), early Muslim leader and founder of the great Umayyad Dynasty of caliphs. ... Combatants Umayyads Banu Hashim Commanders Umar ibn Saad Husayn ibn Ali Strength around 30,000 72 or 145 [1] Casualties 88 (al-Tabari) 72 (al-Tabari) The Battle of Karbala took place on Muharram 10, 61 AH (October 9 or 10, 680 CE) (Persian: ‎) [2] [3] in Karbala, in... Yazid Ibn Muawiyah Ibn Abu Sufyan (July 23, 645 - 683) (Arabic: يزيد بن معاوية بن أبي سفيان) was the second Caliph of the Umayyad dynasty of Caliphs. ... Damascus at sunset Damascus ( translit: Also commonly: الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ...

Eventually Yazid released his captives and allowed them to return to Medina. It is said that Zaynab did not long survive the return, and died circa 682 CE. The anniversary of her death is said to be either the 11th or 21st of Jamadi uth-thani, the 24th of Safar, or the 16th of Dhu'l-Hijjah.

Lectures of Zainab

Lecture in Kufa

On Muharram 11 (October 11, 680 CE)^{[1] [2]}, all captives including all women and children were loaded onto camels without neither saddle nor sunshade and were moved toward Kufa. And when they approached Kufa, its people gathered to see them. Some women of Kufa gathered veils for them upon knowing that they are relatives of Muhammad. ^[3] Muharram (Arabic: محرم ) is the first month of the Islamic calendar. ... For other persons named Muhammad, see Muhammad (name). ...

Zainab bint Ali pointed at the people to be quiet. Everybody halted and kept silent. Then she addressed the people of Kufa:

"The praise is exclusively attributed to Allah. And greetings to my father (grand father), Muhammad, and to his pure and benevolent family. And then, Oh people of Kufa! Oh deceitful and reneger people! Do you weep? So let tears not be dried and let groans not be finished. ... Beware, such a bad preparation you have made for yourself that Allah became furious of you and you will be at punishment forever. Do you weep and cry? Yeah, by Allah, do weep numerously and do laugh less! Since you brought its shame and fault on yourself and you will not be able to cleanse it forever. ..." ^[4]

Lecture in Damascus

Yazid I recited the blasphemous poetic verses of Abdullah bin Zab'ari Sahmi which he had composed while he was an unbeliever and also added some poetic verses of his own and said openly that he wanted to take revenge upon the descendants of Muhammad because Muhammad and his companions had killed his polytheist ancestors. ^[5] Zaynab, the daughter of Ali rose and began speaking. Yazid Ibn Muawiyah Ibn Abu Sufyan (July 23, 645 - 683) (Arabic: يزيد بن معاوية بن أبي سفيان) was the second Caliph of the Umayyad dynasty of Caliphs. ...

Shrine of Zaynab

Shrine of Zaynab bint Ali at Damascus, Syria

Several cities boast shrines said to be built over Zaynab's grave. One shrine is located in Damascus, Syria ^[6]. There is also a shrine to Zaynab in Cairo, Egypt. ^{[7] [8]} Other traditions say that she was buried in Medina. Image File history File links Shrine_Zaynab. ... Image File history File links Shrine_Zaynab. ... Eastern Orthodox shrine Buddhist shrine just outside Wat Phnom. ... Damascus at sunset Damascus ( translit: Also commonly: الشام ash-Shām) is the largest city of Syria and is also the capital. ... Nickname: Al Qahirah (The Triumphant City) Cairos location in Egypt Coordinates: Governor Dr. Abdul Azim Wazir Area    - City 210 km²  - Metro 1,492 km² Population (2005)  - City 7,438,376  - Density 35,420/km²  - Urban 10,834,495  - Metro 15,200,000 Time zone EET (UTC+2)  - Summer (DST...

Zaynab's shrine in Damascus is a pilgrimage site for Shi'a Muslim pilgrims. The Shi'a revere Zaynab and tell many stories detailing her love of Husayn and her defiance of Yazid. Shia Islam ( Arabic شيعى follower; English has traditionally used Shiite or Shiite) is the second largest Islamic denomination; some 20-25% of all Muslims are said to follow a Shia tradition. ...

Zaynab is also commemorated with a holiday: in Shi'a-majority Iran (Persia), Zaynab's birthday is celebrated as the nurse's day.

Titles of Zaynab

Shia give many titles of praise to Zaynab:

• Aabida
• Aalima
• Aaqila
• Al-Baqiya
• Alima Ghair Al-Mualama
• Al-Ismat Al-Sughra
• Al-Razia Bi-Al-Qadar Al-Qaza
• Al-Shujaa
• Aminatul Allah
• An-Naeema
• Aqeela Banu Hashim
• Aqeelatul Khadr Al-Risalahe
• Aqeelatul Quraish
• Fazila
• Kamila
• Mazlooma Karbala
• Mehbobatul Mustafa
• Muhadissa
• Mukhbira
• Naib Al-Zahra
• Namoos Al-Kubra
• Quratul Ain Al-Murtaza
• Razeea
• Sabira
• Sadeeqa Al-Sughra
• Sadi Al-Wilaya
• Saneya Zahra
• Shafiqat Al-Hasan ibn Ali
• Shareekatul Husayn
• Ummul Masiab
• Waheeda
• Waleeyatul Allah Al-Uzma
• Zahida
• Zaynab Kubra

Banū Hāshim (Arabic: بنو هاشم) was a clan in the Quraish tribe. ... Mustafa (also Mostafa) is a male Arabic given name that means the chosen one. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Al-Hasan ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib ()‎ (c. ... Husayn ibn Ali ibn Abu Talib (c. ...

See also

• Sahaba
• Battle of Karbala
• Arba'een
• Ahl Al-Bayt

In Islam, the SÌ£aḥābah (Arabic: ‎ companions) were the companions of Muhammad. ... Combatants Umayyads Banu Hashim Commanders Umar ibn Saad Husayn ibn Ali Strength around 30,000 72 or 145 [1] Casualties 88 (al-Tabari) 72 (al-Tabari) The Battle of Karbala took place on Muharram 10, 61 AH (October 9 or 10, 680 CE) (Persian: ‎) [2] [3] in Karbala, in... Arbaeen (اربعين, Arabic forty) is a Shia religious holiday that occurs forty days after Aashura, the commemoration of the martyrdom by beheading of Husayn bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. ... Ahl al-Bayt (Arabic: ‎) is a phrase meaning People of the House, or family. ...

References

1. ^ http://www.phys.uu.nl/~vgent/islam/islam_tabcal.htm
2. ^ http://www.rabiah.com/convert/
3. ^ Lohouf (Arabic: اللهوف‎), By Sayyid ibn Tawoos (Arabic: سید ابن طاووس‎)., Tradition No. 227, 228, 229, 230
4. ^ الحمد لله و الصلوة علی ابی محمد و آله الطیبین الاخیار. اما بعد یا اهل الکوفة! یا اهل الختل و الغدر! اتبکون؟ فلا رقات الدمعة و لا هدات الرنة ... الا ساء ما قدمت لکم انفسکم ان سخط الله علیکم و فی العذاب انتم خالدون. اتبکون و تنتحبون؟ ای والله فابکوا کثیرا و اضحکوا قلیلا فلقد ذهبتم بعارها و شنارها و لن ترحضوها بغسل بعدها ابدا. ... Lohouf (Arabic: اللهوف‎), By Sayyid ibn Tawoos (Arabic: سید ابن طاووس‎)., Tradition No. 233 to 241
5. ^ http://www.themadina.com/archives/year2001/1911.html
6. ^ http://www.al-islam.org/gallery/photos/zaynab1.gif
7. ^ http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/1999/456/travel.htm
8. ^ http://www.photographersdirect.com/buyers/stockphoto.asp?imageid=80024

Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ...

External links

Shi'a

• Biography
• Zaynab
• Speech said to have been given by Zaynab to Yazid