Names
Simplified Chinese:	张飞
Traditional Chinese:	張飛
Pinyin:	Zhāng Fēi
Wade-Giles:	Chang Fei
Zi:	Yīdé (益德)
Alternative zi:	Yìdé (翼德)

This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhang.

Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a general of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period of China. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (309x657, 58 KB) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Zhang Fei ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The menstrual cycle is the periodic change in a womans body that occurs every month between puberty and menopause and that relates to reproduction. ... The menstrual cycle is the periodic change in a womans body that occurs every month between puberty and menopause and that relates to reproduction. ... Hanyu Pinyin (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: ), commonly called Pinyin, is the most common variant of Standard Mandarin romanization system in use. ... Wade-Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization (phonetic notation and transliteration) system for the Chinese language based on Mandarin. ... A Chinese style name, sometimes also known as a courtesy name, is an extra name that could be used in place of the given name. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A Chinese surname, family name (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) or clan name (氏; pinyin: shì), is one of the hundreds or thousands of family names that have been historically used by Han Chinese and Sinicized Chinese ethnic groups in mainland China, Taiwan, and among overseas Chinese communities. ... Zhang (Traditional Chinese: 張, Simplified Chinese: 张, pinyin: Zhāng, Wade-Giles: Chang, Yale: Jeung, Jyutping: Zoeng1, Hong Kong Government: Cheung) is among the most common Chinese surnames. ... Events June 26 - Roman Emperor Elagabalus adopts Alexander Severus as his heir. ... The Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shǔ) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ...

Zhang Fei was shown to have been a masterful general rather than simply a warrior. He treated his superiors with respect, but had little respect for his underlings.

Zhang Fei married Xiahou Yuan's daughter, who was captured by Zhang Fei's troop as she was out gathering firewoods. They had a total of two daughters, and the older daughter became the empresses of Shu Han after marrying Liu Shan with Zhuge Liang as the matchmaker. After Zhang Fei's eldest daughter had passed away due to natural causes, Zhuge Liang once again played the role of matchmaking, and Liu Shan married Zhang Fei's younger daughter, who thus succeeded her older daughter to become the empress of Shu Han. Xiahou Yuan (? – 219) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms Period in ancient China. ... Liu Chan (207 – 271) was the second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms era, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ... Matchmaking is any expert-run process of introducing people for the purposes of dating and mating, usually in the context of marriage. ...

Zhang Fei is best portrayed through his description and actions depicted in his Sanguo Zhi biography by Chen Shou. Some sources suggest that Zhang Fei was also an excellent painter. The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三国志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms, was the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms Period compiled by Chen Shou during the Jin Dynasty (265-420). ... Chen Shou (陳壽) (233-297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚) was the author of the Sanguo Zhi, a historical account of the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Painting by Rembrandt self-portrait Detail from Las Meninas by Diego Velazquez, in which the painter portrayed himself at work For the computer graphics program, see Corel Painter. ...

Zhang Fei was killed by his own men Zhang Da and Fan Qiang, while preparing his troops to attack the rival Kingdom of Wu, to avenge the death of Guan Yu. Zhang Da and Fan Qiang then surrendered to Wu. Zhang Da was a military officer of theThree Kingdoms state of Shu. ... The Three Kingdoms in 262, Eastern Wu is shown in green This article is about the Three Kingdoms state occupying modern southeastern China. ...

In fiction

In the historical novel Romance of Three Kingdoms, Zhang Fei is styled Yìdé (翼德) instead of Yīdé (益德). He was originally a butcher, then eventually became the second member of the Five Tiger Generals in the period of "Three Kingdoms". According to the legend, he was sworn blood brother of Liu Bei and Guan Yu, in an oath made in a Peach Garden. In the novel, he has an obsession with wine that affected his judgement from time to time; however, that is apparently an invention of Luo Guanzhong for the novel as Zhang Fei was not known as an alcoholic historically. A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, in which the time of the action predates the lifetime of the author. ... Romance of the Three Kingdoms (Chinese: 三國演義, 三国演义, pinyin: Sān Guó Yǎn Yì), written by Luo Guanzhong in the 14th century, is a classical Chinese historical novel about the turbulent period often referred to as the Three Kingdoms (AD 220... The Five Tiger Generals (五虎將) of the Kingdom of Shu during the period of Three Kingdoms in China were Guan Yu, Zhang Fei, Zhao Yun, Ma Chao, and Huang Zhong, named in honour of their contributions to the establishment of the kingdom. ... The Three Kingdoms period (Traditional Chinese: ; Simplified Chinese: ; pinyin: ) is a period in the history of China, part of an era of disunity called the Six Dynasties. ... Blood brother can refer to one of two things: two males related by birth, or two or more men not related by birth, who swear loyalty to one another. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu. ... The Oath of the Peach Garden (義重桃園 or 桃園三節義) was an oath by which the three fighters Liu Bei, Zhang Fei, and Guan Yu became sworn brothers in a ceremony amid peach blossom trees. ... Luo Guanzhong (Traditional Chinese: 羅貫中, Wade Giles: Lo Kuan-chung) was a 14th century Chinese author attributed with writing Romance of the Three Kingdoms and editing Outlaws of the Marsh, two of the most revered adventure epics in Chinese literature. ... King Alcohol and his Prime Minister circa 1820 Alcoholism is the consumption of or preoccupation with alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the alcoholics normal personal, family, social, or work life. ...

At the Battle of Changban, having let the exhausted Zhao Yun and the baby he was carrying through and facing an impending army of thousands, Zhang rode out alone on the Changban Bridge to hold off the pursuing army of Cao Cao. He glared and pointed his spear, saying, "I am Zhang Fei of Yan, and anyone can come and challenge me to fight to the death," which was so effective that it was said to have frightened and held off 10,000 troops and scared Xiahou Jie to death. None of the Wei army dared to proceed and even upon the arrival of Cao Cao himself they were still wavering. Cao, fearing an ambush devised by Zhuge Liang, eventually decided not to attack Zhang. Combatants Cao Cao Liu Bei Commanders Cao Cao Liu Bei Strength 5,000 elite cavalry 100,000 mostly unarmed people Casualties Unknown, minimal Unknown The Battle of Changban (Chinese: ; pinyin: ) took place at Changban (near the modern-day city of Dangyang in Hubei Province), China in the year 208. ... Zhao Yun (? - 229[1]) was an important military commander during the civil wars of the late Han Dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period of China. ... Cáo Cāo (155 – March 15, 220) was a regional warlord and the last Chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during its final years in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms era, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ...

However, Zhang was later rebuked by Liu Bei for ordering his soldiers to burn Changban Bridge so as to delay the pursuit of Cao's forces. Zhang Fei was unhappy about this, and Liu Bei was later proven right when Cao Cao was to guess correctly that Zhang Fei had burnt the bridge out of fear. Ironically, Zhang Fei had successfully pulled off a ruse against Cao Cao when he commanded his soldiers to attach logs to their horses so as to raise large dust clouds, creating the illusion that Zhang had a large ambush army with him. This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu. ...

Throughout the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhang is shown as exceedingly loyal and known for his strength and skill as a warrior, but also short tempered, which often got him into problems more times than not on the battlefield. Zhang's fierce sense of loyalty (and perhaps impetuousness) was demonstrated when Guan had left Cao to return to Liu - he had taken refuge when Cao under the condition that he would leave upon discovering his elder brother's whereabouts - and Zhang refused to believe that Guan had not defected to Cao already. Zhang fought with Guan in three fierce rounds, but the latter held back throughout, trying to explain to Zhang the truth. Thankfully, it was resolved without any bloodshed from the brothers. Zhang also had a son Zhang Bao, an equally competent general who served the Shu kingdom dutifully. Zhang Bao later personally executed Zhang Da and Fan Qiang, his father's assassins, when Sun Quan, the ruler of Wu, sent them both back to Shu Kingdom as a goodwill gift to negotiate for peace, as Liu Bei had personally led an army against Wu. Zhang Bao (å¼ è‹ž) was the oldest son of Shu Han general Zhang Fei. ... Sun Quan (孫權 pinyin: SÅ«n Quán) (182 - 252), son of Sun Jian, was the third ruler of the State of Wu and the founder of Kingdom of Wu, during the Three Kingdoms period, in China. ... The Kingdom of Wu (Chinese: 吳, pinyin: wú) refers to a historical nation and several states in a region of China. ... The Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shǔ) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. ...

Zhang Fei also appears on the Kunqu stage as a hualian. Particularly famous is the scene "The Swaying Reeds", in which he ambushes, humiliates and sets free Zhou Yu. Kunqu (崑曲; pinyin: KÅ«nqÇ”; Wade-Giles: kun-chü), also known as Kunju, Kun opera or Kunqu Opera, is the oldest extant form of Chinese opera. ... Hualien City (花蓮市) is the capital of Hualien County, Taiwan Province of the Republic of China. ... Zhou Yu (175 - 210) was a famous militarist and strategist of Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms period of China. ...

Zhang Fei had two daughters whom both married Liu Shan, the son of Liu Bei and the second ruler of Shu, who later surrendered to Wei. Liu Chan (207 – 271) was the second and last emperor of the Kingdom of Shu during the Three Kingdoms era in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu. ... The Kingdom of Shu (蜀 shǔ) (221 – 263) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty. ... The Kingdom of Wei (ch. ...

Modern references

Zhang Fei, as he appears in Dynasty Warriors 5.

Zhang Fei appears in the Koei video game series Dynasty Warriors. He is portrayed as a solid, muscular man, fond of alcohol and women. He is also portrayed as fiercely loyal to his oath brothers, Liu Bei and Guan Yu. Although a fierce warrior, he is somewhat short-tempered and unable to see the benefits of strategy and tactical warfare, preferring to simply cut his way through whomever crosses his path on the battlefield. He relies on Liu Bei and Guan Yu's level-headedness to steer him away from precarious situations, with one instance being when Zhang Fei scoffs at the idea of seeking the allegiance of Zhuge Liang to assist in repelling Cao Cao's encroaching forces. He enthusiastically proclaims that the trio's army could destroy Cao Cao's forces themselves, to which Guan Yu replies that it would take more than a direct battle to overcome their opponent's massive numbers, leaving Zhang disheartened but grounded. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (689x1000, 342 KB) Zhang Fei of Yan. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (689x1000, 342 KB) Zhang Fei of Yan. ... Dynasty Warriors 5 (真・三國無双4) is a Japanese beat em up video game and the fifth installment in the Dynasty Warriors series, developed by Omega Force and published by Koei, the game was released on the Playstation 2 and Xbox. ... Koeis Current Company Logo Koei Co. ... The Logo of Shin Sangoku Musou 4 (Dynasty Warriors 5) Dynasty Warriors ( 真・三國無双:Shin Sangokumusou in Japan; literally meaning True - Unrivaled (in the) Three Kingdoms) is a series of video games created by Koei based loosely around the Romance of the Three Kingdoms epic, and is a spinoff series of another... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Liu. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Guan (關) Guan Yu (關羽) (160–219) was a Chinese military general under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... This is a Chinese name; the family name is Zhuge (諸葛) Zhuge Liang (181 - 234) was one of the greatest Chinese strategists of the Three Kingdoms era, as well as a statesman, engineer, scholar, and inventor. ... Cáo Cāo (155 – March 15, 220) was a regional warlord and the last Chancellor of the Eastern Han Dynasty who rose to great power during its final years in ancient China. ...

Zhang forcefully and aggressively wields a large pike called the "Viper Blade" in battle. This weapon provides excellent coverage against large groupings of troops and inflicts heavy damage upon enemy officers, but is slow to wield and difficult to counterattack with. Compared to the myriad of other characters featured in Dynasty Warriors, Zhang's clothing appears modest and tattered, often comprised of torn sections, pieces of rope and bandannas, although later releases show Zhang in clothing more befitting of his status as a warrior general, such as leather and armoured breastplates. Zhang's "Musou Mode" (story mode) details his relationship with his brothers and his desire to live up to their expectations and gain their respect as a friend and warrior. He participates in many early battles alongside the pair and during the Battle of Chang Ban, single-handedly repels Cao Cao's officers and troops at the Chang Ban bridge, who cower and flee in fear of his battle prowess. Zhang also leads a unit of reinforcements to rescue Guan Yu during the ill-fated Battle of Fan Castle. Whilst Zhang arrives in time to rally and support the broken Shu Han forces and lead them to victory over Cao Ren and Lü Meng, he is unable to rescue Guan from Lü's ambush, which subsequently leads him to doubt his abilities. In every other character's "Musou Mode," Zhang is killed by his own men before the Battle of Yi Ling, but Zhang's own story ends with him as the last surviving member of the trio, having outlived both of his oath brothers and continuing his battle against the opposing forces. A modern recreation of a mid-17th century company of pikemen. ... The Battle of Changban 長板之伇 (208) was an event occurred in Changban during the Three Kingdoms period in China. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Cao Ren (168 – 223) was a military general under the powerful warlord Cao Cao during the late Eastern Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period in ancient China. ... Lü Meng (å‘‚è’™ 178 - 219) was a great general of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. ...

Trivia

• Legends say that on the night Zhang Fei was murdered by Zhang Da and Fan Qiang, his assassins found him sleeping with his eyes wide open and were about to abandon their plot, but his snoring revealed that he was indeed asleep. In modern China, when someone sleeps in caution or with half-opened eyes they are sometimes referred to as "Zhang Fei eyes".

• Zhang Fei enjoyed working in the garden. There are some trees he planted in Chengdu that exist to this day.

  (Chinese: ; Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Cheng-tu), located in southwest China, is the capital of the Sichuan province and a sub-provincial city. ...

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Zhang Fei

• Chen Shou (2002). San Guo Zhi. Yue Lu Shu She. ISBN 7-80665-198-5. 
• Luo Guanzhong (1986). San Guo Yan Yi. Yue Lu Shu She. ISBN 7-80520-013-0. 
• Lo Kuan-chung; tr. C.H. Brewitt-Taylor (2002). Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0-8048-3467-9. 

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