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Zina (Arabic: الزناء) is extramarital sex in Islam. Islamic law prescribes punishments for Muslim men and women for the act of Zina. This is a sub-article of fiqh and Law and economics. ... Islamic politics is the profession of Muslim politicians. ... This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and Marriage. ... Islamic criminal jurisprudence is the Islamic criminal law. ... In Islamic Law, tazir (or tazir, Arabic تعزير) refers to punishment, usually corporal, that can be administered at the discretion of the judge, as opposed to the hudud (singular: hadd), the punishments for certain offenses that are fixed by the Quran or Hadith. ... Hudud ( Arabic , also transliterated hadud, hudood; plural for hadd, , limit, or restriction) is the word often used in Islamic social and legal literature for the bounds of acceptable behaviour and the punishments for serious crimes. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Blasphemy in Islam constitutes speaking ill of Muhammad, of any other prophet mentioned in the Quran, or of any Biblical prophets. ... Hirabah is the Arabic word for “piracy”, or “unlawful warfare”. Hirabah comes from the root hariba, which means “to become angry and enraged”. The noun harb (pl. ... Rajm is an Arabic term that means to stone. ... This page is a candidate to be copied to Wiktionary. ... Blood money is money paid as a fine to the next of kin of somebody who was killed intentionally (in Arabic: Qisas قصاص) or unintentionally (in Arabic: Diyat or Diyya ديت). Islam has not prescribed any specific amount for Diyat nor has it obligated to discriminate in this matter between a man... This is a sub-article to Islamic jurisprudence and etiquette. ... Islamic theological jurisprudence is the filed of Islamic jurisprudence specialized in theological issues. ... This is a sub-article to fiqh and Hygiene Hygiene in Islam is a prominent topic but one which non-Muslims are not very familiar with. ... Arabic ( or just ) is the largest living member of the Semitic language family in terms of speakers. ... It has been suggested that premarital sex be merged into this article or section. ... For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Sharia (Arabic: transliteration: ) is the dynamic body of Islamic religious law. ...

Islamic law considers this prohibition to be for the protection of men and women and for the respect of marriage. Zina is considered one of the greatest sins in Islam ^{[citation needed]}, whether it is before marriage or after marriage. In addition to the punishments rendered before death, sinners will be punished severely after death, unless purged of their sins by a punishment according to shari'a law.

Islamic law prescribe stoning as the punishment for adultery committed by a married person, while the punishment for unmarried adulterer is one hundred lashes or being exiled for 12 months. The source for the punishment of an unmarried adulterer is the Quran, while the sources for the punishment of the married adulterer is found in the ahadith. ^[1] Sharia (Arabic: transliteration: ) is the dynamic body of Islamic religious law. ... Rajm is an Arabic term that means to stone. ...

Conditions

Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi describes the following conditions traditionally held for the punishment to take place: It has been suggested that Introduction of Islam (book) be merged into this article or section. ...

• The accused, before the accusation, must be known as a practising Muslim.
• The accused must possess common sense. The accused must not have been in an intoxicated state of mind while the act was committed.
• The accused must be an adult.
• The accused must have committed adultery of his/her own free will.
• There must be four male witnesses (or pieces of evidence) to support the accusation (of sexual penetration).

Additional fulfillment of the following requirements is necessary for an execution: There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ...

• The accused must be free and not a slave.
• The accused must be married (according to Islamic Law), and must enjoy normal sexual relations with his/her spouse (and therefore have a legitimate means of satisfying his/her sexual desires) prior to committing adultery.
• The accused must not be pregnant or be responsible for breast feeding a child.

Sharia (Arabic شريعة also Sharia, Shariah or Syariah) is traditional Islamic law. ...

Qur'an

The Qur'an forbids extramarital sex and regards it as the worst of the forbidden acts.

Moreover, the Qur'an considers extramarital sex as one of the major sins besides polytheism and murder: Polytheism is belief in or worship of multiple gods or deities. ...

The punishment for Zina is explicitly stated in the Quran in verse ^{[Qur'an 24:2]}: The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: ;, literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Alcoran) is the central religious text of Islam. ...

Interpretations

Javed Ahmad Ghamidi, a well-known Pakistani Islamic scholar, has examined all hadith related to Rajm in his book Burhan. Based on principles of Islamic Jurisprudence, such as the one from Shatibi, who writes that Sunnah is either explanation of the Qur'an or addition to the Qur'an. If it is an explanation, then its status is secondary otherwise, it will only be considered addition if it is not discussed by the Qur'an.^[2][3] Ghamidi concludes that Quranic punishment for Zina in verse ^{[Qur'an 24:2]} does not leave a room for another interpretation.^[3] He also writes that stoning can only be prescribed for someone who rapes or habitually commits fornication as prostitutes, as it constitutes hirabah (maleficence in the land) and punishable accordingly.^[4] As it is attributed to Muhammad in following hadith: Javed Ahmad Ghamidi (Urdu: جاوید احمد غامدی) (b. ... Ulema (Arabic: علماء) is the community of legal scholars of Islam and the Sharia. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Sunnah(t) () literally means “trodden path”, and therefore, the sunnah of the prophet means “the way of the prophet”. Terminologically, the word ‘Sunnah’ in Sunni Islam means those religious actions that were instituted by Muhammad(PBUH) during the 23 years of his ministry and which Muslims initially received through consensus... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: ;, literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Alcoran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: ;, literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Alcoran) is the central religious text of Islam. ... Hirabah is the Arabic word for “piracy”, or “unlawful warfare”. Hirabah comes from the root hariba, which means “to become angry and enraged”. The noun harb (pl. ...

Acquire it from me, acquire it from me. The Almighty has revealed the directive about women who habitually commit fornication about which He had promised to reveal. If such criminals are unmarried or are the unsophisticated youth, then their punishment is a hundred stripes and exile and if they are widowers or are married, then their punishment is a hundred stripes and death by stoning. Sahih Muslim 1690

The former regulations (i.e. the steps taken for the punishment to occur) also make some Muslims believe, that the process' goal was to eventually abolish the physical penalties relating to acts of (fornication and) adultery, that were already present within many societies around the world when Islamic teachings first arose. According to this view, the principles are so rigorous in their search for evidence, that they create the near impossibility of being able to reach a verdict that goes against the suspect in any manner. [2] Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, ṣaḥīḥ muslim) is one of the Sunni Six Major Hadith collections , collected by Imam Muslim. ...

Punishments may go ahead despite a lack of the forementioned evidence if those guilty of adultery or premarital sex decided to admit to their sins, and then accepted the punishment. This would be an indication of honesty and piety and if the sinner repents and vows never to commit such an act of sin again (Tawba Nasuha), then their punishment of the lashes or the stoning would acquit them of the sin they had committed on the day of judgement. If confessed in sincerity, the punishment purges the offender of the sin in the hereafter so that his or her punishment on earth is less severe by comparison than that which he or she may receive in purgatory.

Hadith

There are many hadith that outline capital punishment as a penalty for adultery, including two of the following: This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ...

Imran b. Husain reported that a woman from Juhaina came to Muhammad and she had become pregnant because of adultery. She said: I am pregnant as a result of Zina. Muhammad said: "Go back, and come to me after the birth of the child". After giving birth, the woman came back to Muhammad, saying: "please purify me now". Next, Muhammad said, "Go and suckle your child, and come after the period of suckling is over." She came after the period of weaning and brought a piece of bread with her. She fed the child the piece of bread and said, "Oh Allah's Apostle, the child has been weaned." At that Muhammad pronounced judgment about her and she was stoned to death.

Reported by many companions that Ma'iz went before Muhammad in the Mosque and said, "I have committed adultery, please purify me." (In another report, Muhammad asked Ma'iz that the reports he heard about him are correct or not^[5]) Muhammad turned his face away from him and said "Woe to you, go back and pray to Allah for forgiveness." But the boy again came in front of Muhammad and repeated his desire for purification. The act was repeated three times, until Abu Bakr, sitting close by, told the Ma'iz to leave, as the fourth repetition of the plea would get him stoned. But the man persisted. Muhammad then turned to him and said "you might have kissed or caressed her or you might have looked at her with lust (and so assumed that you committed Zina)". Ma'iz replied in the negative. Allah's Apostle said "did you lie in bed with her?" Ma'iz replied in the affirmative. He then asked, "did you have sexual intercourse?" Ma'iz replied in the affirmative. Then Muhammad got quite uncomfortable, and asked "Did your male organ disappear in the female part?" Ma'iz replied in the affirmative. He then asked, once more, whether Ma'iz knew what Zina means. Ma'iz replied "yes, I have committed the same act a husband commits with his wife." Muhammad asked if he was married, and he replied "yes". Muhammad asked if he took any wine, and Ma'iz again replied in the negative. Muhammad then sent for an inquiry from the neighbors of Ma'iz, whether or not Ma'iz suffered from insanity. The replies all came in the negative. Muhammad then said, "had you kept it a secret, it would have been better for you." Muhammad then ordered Ma'iz to be stoned to death. During the stoning, Ma'iz cried out, "O people, take me back to the Holy Prophet, the people of my clan deluded me." When this was reported to Muhammad, he replied "Why did you not let him off, he might have repented, and Allah may have accepted it."

It is reported that the woman in the above case was not punished.^[6] This makes Ghamidi believe that it was a case of rape and Ma'iz was given the punishment of hirabah and not adultery.^[7][3]

For more examples, see Stoning to Death in the Hadith. In all traditions, stoning only occurred after one of the adulterers voluntary came to Muhammad and bore witness against him or herself. Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ... Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ... Abu Bakr As Siddiq (Arabic ابو بكر الصديق, alternative spellings, Abubakar, Abi Bakr, Abu Bakar) (c. ... Hirabah is the Arabic word for “piracy”, or “unlawful warfare”. Hirabah comes from the root hariba, which means “to become angry and enraged”. The noun harb (pl. ... Adultery is voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and a partner other than the lawful spouse. ... Muhammad in a new genre of Islamic calligraphy started in the 17th century by Hafiz Osman. ...

Notes

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ Imam Shatibi. Al-Muwafiqaat fi Usool al-Sharia, 5(4)
3. ^ ^{a b c} Javed Ahmad Ghamidi, Burhan, Al-Mawrid
4. ^ Javed Ahmed Ghamidi, Mizan, The Penal Law of Islam, Al-Mawrid
5. ^ Sahih Muslim, 1693
6. ^ Ibn Sa'd, The Book of the Major Classes, 4/324
7. ^ It is reported that on that day, Muhammad said to everyone: Didn't it happen that whenever we go out for Jihad, one of us is left behind, who is tempted by his sexuality like a goat? Listen! It is obligatory for me to punish such person in an examplary manner. Sahih Muslim 1694

There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Javed Ahmad Ghamidi (Urdu: جاوید احمد غامدی) (b. ... Al-Mawrid is an Islamic research institute in Lahore, Pakistan founded in 1983 and then re-established in 1991. ... Javed Ahmed Ghamidi (Urdu: جاوید احمد غامدی) (b. ... Not to be confused with Tafsir al-Mizan (a quranic tafsir). ... Al-Mawrid is an Islamic research institute in Lahore, Pakistan founded in 1983 and then re-established in 1991. ... Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, ṣaḥīḥ muslim) is one of the Sunni Six Major Hadith collections , collected by Imam Muslim. ... Ibn Sad (Arabic: ) (d 230 AH) [1] OR (168/784-230/845)[2] OR (died 852 CE [3]) was a Sunni Muslim scholar of Islam. ... The Book of The Major Classes (Arabic: Kitab Al-Tabaqat Al-Kabir) (ISBN B0007JAWMK) is a collection in two volumes about Islam, authored by Ibn Sad. ... For other uses, see Jihad (disambiguation). ... Sahih Muslim (Arabic: صحيح مسلم, ṣaḥīḥ muslim) is one of the Sunni Six Major Hadith collections , collected by Imam Muslim. ...

References

• Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi (2002). The Meaning of the Quran. Islamic Publications (PVT.) LTD. 

See also

• Honor killing
• Sex and the law
• Nikah urfi
• Rajm
• Hirabah

An honor killing is a murder, nearly exclusively of a woman, who has been perceived as having brought dishonor to her family. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Nikah urfi is a kind of marriage. ... Rajm is an Arabic term that means to stone. ... Hirabah is the Arabic word for “piracy”, or “unlawful warfare”. Hirabah comes from the root hariba, which means “to become angry and enraged”. The noun harb (pl. ...

External links

• Articles and Opinions: American Muslims need to speak out against violations of Islamic Shariah law (Asma Society)
• Islam Online Fatwa
• Stoning to Death - A Forge Principle
• Zina in Quran (Turkish)
• Poisonous Arrow - Zina
• Stoning to Death
• Punishment of Rajam