Zinc selenide (ZnSe), is a light yellow binary solid compound. It is an intrinsic semiconductor with a band gap of about 2.7 eV at 25 °C. It has a standard enthalpy of formation of 177.6 kJ/mol at 25 °C. It adopts a Zincblende lattice structure with lattice constant a=566.8 picometers. A chemical formula (also called molecular formula) is a concise way of expressing information about the atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound. ... Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a chemical element or chemical compound. ... CAS registry numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures and alloys. ... Density (symbol: ρ - Greek: rho) is a measure of mass per unit of volume. ... In the physical sciences, a phase is a set of states of a macroscopic physical system that have relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (i. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Solution. ... Water has the chemical formula H2O, meaning that one molecule of water is composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. ... The melting point of a solid is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid. ... The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it can change its state from a liquid to a gas throughout the bulk of the liquid at a given pressure. ... The standard enthalpy of formation or standard heat of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of a substance in its standard state from its constituent elements in their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 1 atmosphere... In chemistry, the standard molar entropy is the entropy content of one mole of substance, under conditions of standard temperature and pressure. ... Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances (as amended) is the main source of European Union law concerning chemical safety. ... R-phrases are defined in Annex III of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Nature of special risks attributed to dangerous substances and preparations. ... S-phrases are defined in Annex IV of European Union Directive 67/548/EEC: Safety advice concerning dangerous substances and preparations. ... The refractive index of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed relative to vacuum. ... The dielectric constant εr (represented as or K in some cases) is defined as the ratio: where εs is the static permittivity of the material in question, and ε0 is the vacuum permittivity. ... Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopy or Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrophotometry (UV/ VIS) involves the spectroscopy of photons (spectrophotometry). ... IR spectrum of a thin film of liquid ethanol. ... Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy most commonly known as NMR Spectroscopy is the name given to the technique which exploits the magnetic properties of nuclei. ... It has been suggested that Mass spectrum be merged into this article or section. ... The flash point of a fuel is the lowest temperature at which it can form an ignitable mix with air. ... RTECS, also known as Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, is a database of toxicity information compiled from the open scientific literature that is available for charge. ... // An ion is an atom, group of atoms, or subatomic particle with a net electric charge. ... Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula ZnS. Zinc sulfide is a white to yellow colored powder or crystal. ... Zinc oxide is a chemical compound with formula ZnO. It is nearly insoluble in water but soluble in acids or alkalis. ... Zinc telluride (ZnTe) is an intrinsic semiconductor material with band gap of 2. ... // An ion is an atom, group of atoms, or subatomic particle with a net electric charge. ... Cadmium selenide (CdSe) is a solid compound of cadmium and selenium. ... Mercury selenide (HgSe) is a chemical compound of mercury and selenium. ... In chemistry, the standard state of a material is its state at 1 bar (100 kilopascals) and 25 degrees Celsius (298. ... General Name, Symbol, Number zinc, Zn, 30 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 12, 4, d Appearance bluish pale gray Atomic mass 65. ... SE redirects here. ... An intrinsic semiconductor is a material which has the conductivity of a semiconductor without the introduction of a deliberate dopant species. ... In solid state physics and related applied fields, the band gap is the energy difference between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band in insulators and semiconductors. ... An electronvolt (symbol: eV) is the amount of energy gained by a single unbound electron when it falls through an electrostatic potential difference of one volt. ... The standard enthalpy of formation of a compound is the change of enthalpy that accompanies the formation of 1 mole of that substance from its component elements, at their standard states (the most stable form of the element at 25 degrees Celsius and 100 kilopascals). ... Sphalerite sample Another sphalerite sample Sphalerite (ZnS) is a mineral that is the chief ore of zinc. ... Lattice constant, or a, defines the distance between atoms in crystal lattice. ... Picometre (American spelling: picometer) is an SI measure of length that is equal to 10−12 of a metre. ...

ZnSe rarely occurs in nature. It is found in the mineral stilleite named after Hans Stille. Minerals are natural compounds formed through geological processes. ... Stilleite is a mineral, Zinc selenide formula ZnSe. ... Hans Stille (October 8, 1876–December 26, 1966) was an influential German tectonic geologist. ...

Applications

• ZnSe is used to form II-VI light emitting diodes and diode lasers. It emits blue light. It can be doped n-type (e.g. with halogen elements) easily. P-type doping is more difficult, but can be achieved by introducing nitrogen.
• ZnSe doped with chromium (ZnSe:Cr) has been used as an infrared laser gain medium emitting at about 2.5 µm.
• It is used as an infrared optical material with a remarkably wide transmission wavelength range from 0.6 μm to 20 μm. The refractive index is about 2.67 at 550 nm (green) and about 2.40 at 10.6 µm (LWIR). ZnSe is sometimes called by the names Irtran-4 or Raytran as an infrared material (Raytran is a trade mark of the Raytheon company). Zinc selenide slowly reacts with atmospheric moisture, which leads to degradation of the optical surfaces when the lenses are exposed to humidity. Coated optics are available, with moisture sensitivity significantly diminished.
• ZnSe doped with tellurium (ZnSe(Te)) is a scintillator with emission peak at 640 nm, suitable for matching with photodiodes. It is used in x-ray and gamma ray detectors. ZnSe scintillators are significantly different from the ZnS ones.

Various light-emitting diodes (5 mm reds, 3 mm greens and yellows) A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits incoherent monochromatic light when electrically biased in the forward direction. ... A laser diode is a laser where the active medium is a semiconductor p-n junction similar to that found in a light-emitting diode. ... An N-type semiconductor is obtained by carrying out a process of doping, that is adding a certain type of atoms to the semiconductor in order to increase the number of free (in this case negative) charge carriers. ... The halogens are a chemical series. ... An N-type semiconductor is obtained by carrying out a process of doping, that is adding a certain type of atoms to the semiconductor in order to increase the number of free (in this case negative) charge carriers. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 14. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 51. ... Image of a small dog taken in mid-infrared (thermal) light (false color) Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than that of visible light, but shorter than that of microwave radiation. ... Within a laser, the active laser medium is the material that exhibits optical gain. ... The refractive index of a material is the factor by which the phase velocity of electromagnetic radiation is slowed relative to vacuum. ... Image of a small dog taken in mid-infrared (thermal) light (false color) Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than that of visible light, but shorter than that of microwave radiation. ... The Bass Red Triangle, was the first trademark registered in Britain in 1876. ... Raytheon Company NYSE: RTN is a major United States military contractor based in Waltham, Massachusetts. ... General Name, Symbol, Number tellurium, Te, 52 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 16, 5, p Appearance silvery lustrous gray Atomic mass 127. ... A scintillator is a device or substance that absorbs high energy (ionizing) electromagnetic or charged particle radiation then, in response, fluoresces photons at a characteristic Stokes-shifted (longer) wavelength, releasing the previously absorbed energy. ... A photodiode A photodiode is a semiconductor diode that functions as a photodetector. ... In the NATO phonetic alphabet, X-ray represents the letter X. An X-ray picture (radiograph) taken by Röntgen An X-ray is a form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength approximately in the range of 5 pm to 10 nanometers (corresponding to frequencies in the range 30 PHz... This article is about electromagnetic radiation. ... Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula ZnS. Zinc sulfide is a white to yellow colored powder or crystal. ...

Chemistry

ZnSe reacts with acids to form toxic hydrogen selenide gas. Flash point  ?°C R/S statement R: , , S: ? RTECS number X1050000 Supplementary data page Structure and properties n, εr, etc. ...

It is grown by chemical vapour deposition techniques including MOVPE. DC plasma (violet) enhances the growth of carbon nanotubes in this laboratory-scale PECVD apparatus. ... Metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) is a chemical vapour deposition method of epitaxial growth of materials, especially semiconductors from the pyrolysis of organic compounds containing the required chemical elements. ...

See also

• Zinc sulfide
• Zinc telluride
• Cadmium selenide

Zinc sulfide is a chemical compound with the formula ZnS. Zinc sulfide is a white to yellow colored powder or crystal. ... Zinc telluride (ZnTe) is an intrinsic semiconductor material with band gap of 2. ... Cadmium selenide (CdSe) is a solid compound of cadmium and selenium. ...

References

• Cr²⁺ excitation levels in ZnSe and ZnS, G. Grebe, G. Roussos and H.-J. Schulz, J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. vol. 9 pp. 4511-4516 (1976) DOI:10.1088/0022-3719/9/24/020

A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a permanent identifier (permalink) given to a World Wide Web file or other Internet document so that if its Internet address changes, users will be redirected to its new address. ...

External links

• National Compound Semiconductor Roadmap entry for ZnSe (Office of Naval Research)
• Band Gap at Veeco
• Princeton Scientific
• Notre Dame University Safety Data
• Oxford University Safety Data
• Stilleite at webmineral.com
• Reading University optical data