Zog I, Skanderbeg III of Albania (born Ahmet Zogolli, later changed to Ahmet Zogu) (October 8, 1895 – April 9, 1961) was King of Albania from 1928 to 1939. He was previously Prime Minister of Albania between 1922 and 1924 and President of Albania between 1925 and 1928. October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (282nd in leap years). ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... The modern state Albania has twice been a monarchy. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full year calendar). ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar). ... List of Presidents of Albania Ahmet Zogu (1925-1928) Ramiz Alia (1991-1992) Sali Berisha (1992-1997) Rexhep Meidani (1997-2002) Alfred Moisiu (2002-Present) See also Albania Kings of Albania Prime Ministers of Albania Princes of Albania External links Presidency of Albania (official site) Categories: Lists of office-holders... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ...

King Zog of Albania. ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full year calendar). ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Countess Geraldine Margit Virginia Olga Maria Apponyi de Nagy-Apponyi (6 August 1915 - 22 October 2002) was briefly Queen Geraldina of the Albanians. ... Leka Zogu (born April 5, 1939), by monarchists called King Leka I, is the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine. ... King Zog of Albania King Zog (October 8, 1895–April 9, 1961) was an Albanian politician and the first king of Albania from 1928 to 1939. ... Xhemal Pasha Zogu (or Jamal Pasha,or Jamal Pasha Zogolli) was the Heridety governor of Mati, Born 1860 in Mati at Burgajet Castle, the 3th son of Xhelal Pasha Zogolli . ... Sadijé Toptani was the Queen Mother of Albania (Nëna Mbretëreshë i Shqiptarëvet) 1928-1939. ... October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (282nd in leap years). ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Castle Burgajet was a large fortified house and the birth-place, and family seat of, King Zog I of the Albanians. ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Hauts-de-Seine is a département in France. ...

Background and early political career

Born as Ahmet Muhtar Bey Zogolli, he changed his family name to Zogu, meaning "bird" in the Albanian language, dropping the Turkish suffix "olli (oğlu)", meaning "son of". “Aves” redirects here. ... Albanian ( IPA ) is a language spoken by about 6 million people, primarily in Albania, Kosovo, Montenegro, and Macedonia but also in other parts of the Balkans, along the eastern coast of Italy and in Sicily, as well as by a significant diaspora in Scandinavia, Germany, the United Kingdom, Egypt, Australia...

Ahmet Zogolli was born in Castle Burgajet, Albania, third son to Xhemal Pasha Zogolli and Sadijé Toptani. Zog was educated at Galatasaray College in Constantinople [1]. His family was a beylik family, with feudal authority over the region of Mati. The family claimed descent from Skanderbeg. Their lands were in the same districts as Skanderbeg's family's had been, and certainly the Zogu family had deep roots in indigenous clannish nobility. No historically-attested genealogy has been shown for his alleged lineage from the Middle Ages, although his wife has a pedigree from Albania). Castle Burgajet was a large fortified house and the birth-place, and family seat of, King Zog I of the Albanians. ... Xhemal Pasha Zogu [IPA: dÊ’É›mal paʃa zÉ”gu] (1860-1911) (also known as Jamal Pasha, or Jamal Pasha Zogolli) was the Hereditary Governor of Mati, Albania. ... Sadijé Toptani was the Queen Mother of Albania (Nëna Mbretëreshë i Shqiptarëvet) 1928-1939. ... Galatasaray Lisesi in winter // Introduction Galatasaray Lisesi Lycée de Galatasaray is one of the most renowned and influential high schools of modern Turkey, in addition to being the oldest school of the Ottoman Empire. ... Map of Constantinople. ... Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups In historical accounts, many Turkish and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. ... The District of Mat (Albanian: Rrethi i Matit) is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. ... [[Skanderbeg_sculpture. ... Pedigree of Leka from medieval Albania According to genealogists, Crown Prince Leka of Albania descends, through his mother, from medieval princes of Southern Albania, particularly the Arianiti family, which provided wife to Skanderbeg - but there is no known descent from Skanderbeg to Leka. ...

Upon his father's death in 1911, Ahmet Zogolli at age sixteen became governor of Mat. He was appointed over his elder brother Xhelal Bey, who had been deemed mentally unfit. 1911 (MCMXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Xhelal Bey Zogu, Prince of Albania, was born May 14, 1881 to Xhemal Pasha Zogu (c. ...

As a young man during the First World War, Zog supported the cause of Austria-Hungary. He was detained at Vienna in 1917 and 1918 and in Rome in 1918 and 1919 before returning to Albania in 1919. During his time in Vienna, he grew to enjoy a Western European lifestyle, and was rumoured to be very popular among the Viennese women. “The Great War ” redirects here. ... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ... Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 13-day slower Julian calendar (see: 1917 Julian calendar). ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

Upon his return, Zog became involved in the political life of the fledgling Albanian government that had been created in 1920. He became leader of a major reformist party, and his political supporters included many southern feudal landowners (called beys, Turkish for "village chieftain", the social group to which he belonged) and noble families in the north, along with merchants, industrialists, and intellectuals. During the early 1920s, Zog served as Governor of Shkodër (1920-1), Minister of the Interior (March-November 1920, 1921-1924), and chief of the Albanian military (1921-1922). His primary rivals were Luigj Gurakuqi and Fan S. Noli. 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ... Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. ... Ãœsküdar, a district of Istanbul, was also known as Scutari. ... Luigj Gurakuqi in Naples Luigj Gurakuqi (February 19, 1879 – March 2, 1925) was an important figure of the Albanian national movement. ... Theophan (Fan) Stylian Noli (January 6, 1882 - March 13, 1965) was an Albanian bishop and politician, who served briefly as prime minister and regent of Albania in 1924. ...

It was a dangerous time to be an Albanian politician. In 1923, Zog was shot and wounded in parliament. A crisis arose in 1924 after the assassination of one of Zog's industrialist opponent, Avni Rustemi (the man who in 1920 assassinated Esad Pasha Toptani ); in the aftermath, a leftist revolt was raised by Noli, which forced Zog, along with 600 of his allies, into exile in June 1924. He returned to Albania with the assistance of Yugoslav forces and Yugoslavia-based White Russian troops, and became Prime Minister. 1923 (MCMXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar). ... In politics, left-wing, political left, leftism, or simply the left, are terms which refer (with no particular precision) to the segment of the political spectrum typically associated with any of several strains of socialism, social democracy, or liberalism (especially in the American sense of the word), or with opposition... 1924 (MCMXXIV) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar). ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in Latin, Југославија in Cyrillic, English: Land of the South Slavs) describes four political entities that existed one at a time on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century. ... White Army redirects here. ... List of Prime Ministers of Albania Ismail Qemali (1912-1913) Myfit Libohova (1913-1914) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1914) Esat Pashë Toptani (1914) Abdullah Rushdi (1914-1918) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1918-1920) Sulejman Bej Delvina (1920) Ilias Bej Vrioni (1920-1921) Pandeli Evangjeli (1921) Hasan Bej Prishtina (1921) Omer...

President of Albania

Zog was officially elected to the post of President of Albania by the Constituent Assembly on January 21, 1925, taking office on February 1. Zog's government followed the European model, though large parts of Albania still maintained a social structure unchanged from the days of Ottoman rule, and most villages were serf plantations run by the beys. A Muslim himself, Zog's reforms included the prohibition of veils and prohibitions against cruelty to animals. Zog's principal ally during this period was Italy, which loaned his government funds in exchange for a greater role in Albania's fiscal policy. During Zog's presidency, serfdom was gradually eliminated. For the first time since the death of Skanderbeg, Albania began to emerge as a nation, rather than a feudal patchwork of local beyliks. His administration was marred by disputes with Kosovar leaders, primarily Hasan Prishtina and Bajram Curri. // Ismail Qemali Bej (28 November - 29 November 1912) Ismail Qemali Bej (29 November 1912 - 22 January 1914) Esat Pashe Toptani (12 October 1913 - 12 February 1914) (Chairman Council of Elders of Central Albania, in opposition in Durres) Fejzi Bej Alizoti (22 January - 7 March 1914) Wilhelm zu Wied (7 March... January 21 is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1925 (MCMXXV) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar). ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the continent. ... There is also a collection of Hadith called Sahih Muslim A Muslim (Arabic: مسلم, Persian: Mosalman or Mosalmon Urdu: مسلمان, Turkish: Müslüman, Albanian: Mysliman, Bosnian: Musliman) is an adherent of the religion of Islam. ... Kosovar is a noun derived from Kosovo. ... Hasan Bej Prishtina (aka Hasan-bej Shishtoviq in Albanian, Hasan-beg Šištоvić in Serbian, later he adopted the name Hasan-bej Prishtina because of his stature in the town under the Ottomans) (1873 - 1933) was briefly prime minister of Albania in December 1921. ... Bajram Curri (1862 – March 29, 1925) was an Albanian national hero from Kosovo. ...

During his presidency, many referred to him as "king", as they had no idea what the word "president" meant.

Albanian King

Reverse of Zogian coin

Obverse of Zogian coin

On September 1, 1928 Zogu was crowned King of Albania "by the will of the people of mati" (Mbret i Shqipni in Albanian). Afterwards he was also declared Field Marshal of the Royal Albanian Army on September 1, 1928. He proclaimed a constitutional monarchy similar to the contemporary regime in Italy. He created a strong police force and instituted the Zogist salute (flat hand over the heart with palm facing downwards). He claimed to be a successor of Skanderbeg, a lineage which was correct to an extent. Zog hoarded gold coins and precious stones, which were used to back Albania's first paper currency. Zog of Albania frang ar coin, back The writing on the coin translates to: Albania * 1 * gold * franc () See also: front Source: Scanned by Dori License: PD This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Zog of Albania frang ar coin, back The writing on the coin translates to: Albania * 1 * gold * franc () See also: front Source: Scanned by Dori License: PD This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Zog of Albania frang ar coin, front The writing on the coin translates to: Zog * I * The King of Albanians * 1935 () See also: back Source: Scanned by Dori License: PD This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is... Zog of Albania frang ar coin, front The writing on the coin translates to: Zog * I * The King of Albanians * 1935 () See also: back Source: Scanned by Dori License: PD This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... September 1 is the 244th day of the year (245th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1928 (MCMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar). ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... A salute is a gesture or other action used to display respect. ... A £20 Ulster Bank banknote. ...

Zog's mother, Sadijé, was declared Queen Mother of Albania, and Zog also gave his brother and sisters royal status as Prince and Princesses Zogu. One of his sisters, Senijé, Princess Zogu (1897-1969), married His Imperial Highness Prince Shehzade Mehmed Abid Efendi of Turkey, a son of Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Zog attempted to further reinforce his regime's legitimacy by ruling as a constitutional monarch. His kingdom's constitution forbade any prince of the royal house from serving as Prime Minister or a member of the Cabinet and contained provisions for the potential extinction of the royal family. Ironically, in light of later events, the constitution also forbade the union of the Albanian throne with that of any other country. Under the Zogist constitution, the King of the Albanians, like the King of the Belgians, exercised royal powers only after taking an oath before Parliament; Zog himself swore an oath on the Bible and the Qur'an in an attempt to unify the country. Abdülhamid II (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد ثانی , Turkish: Ä°kinci Abdülhamid) (September 21, 1842 – February 10, 1918) was the 34th sultan of the Ottoman Empire. ... A constitutional monarchy is a form of government established under a constitutional system which acknowledges a hereditary or elected monarch as head of state. ... The royal palace in Brussels Successive Belgian kings are 1831-1865: Leopold I 1865-1909: Leopold II 1909-1934: Albert I 1934-1951: Leopold III 1944-1950: Charles, reigned as Prince Regent 1951-1993: Baudouin I Since 1993: Albert II None of these were King of Belgium: their title is... This Gutenberg Bible is displayed by the United States Library of Congress. ... This article or section needs additional references or sources to improve its verifiability. ...

Zog's regime brought stability to Albania and the king organized an educational system. He also attempted to modernize the Albanian military, though the costs involved in this project were high.

Life as king

Although born as an aristocrat and hereditary bey, HM King Zog was somewhat ignored by other monarchs in Europe because he had no links to European royal bloodlines, although he did have strong connections with Muslim Royal families in the Middle-East and Egypt. As King he was, however, honoured by the governments of Italy, Luxembourg, Egypt, Yugoslavia, France, Romania, Greece, Belgium, Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Austria [2]. In the absence of nightclubs or theatre in Tirana, the king spent much of his time playing poker, usually with his sisters. He was also a great lover of perfumed cigarettes, and smoked about 150 a day. His household expenses made up nearly two percent of the national budget. Bey is the Turkish word for chieftain, traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in Latin, Југославија in Cyrillic, English: Land of the South Slavs) describes four political entities that existed one at a time on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe, during most of the 20th century. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Serge Sudeikins poster for the Bat Theatre (1922). ... A game of Texas holdem, the most popular form of poker, in progress. ... A cigarette will burn to ash on one end. ...

Zog had been engaged to the daughter of Shefqet Bey Verlaci before he became king. Soon after his coronation, however, he broke off the engagement. According to traditional customs of blood vengeance prevalent in Albania at the time, Verlaci had the right to kill Zog. The king made more than a few enemies - rumour had it that he was the subject of over 600 blood vendettas in addition to Verlaci's - and he frequently surrounded himself with a personal guard and avoided public appearances. He also feared that he might be poisoned, so the Queen Mother assumed supervision of the royal kitchen. Shefqet Bej Verlaci (December 15, 1877, Elbasan, Albania – July 21, 1946, Zürich, Switzerland) was Prime Minister of Albania in 1924 and during the Italian occupation from 1939 to 1941. ... A feud is a long-running argument or fight between parties—often groups of people, especially families or clans. ...

During his reign he is said to have survived over 55 assassination attempts. One of these occurred in 1931 while Zog was visiting a Vienna opera house for a performance of Pagliacci. The attackers struck whilst Zog was getting into his car, and he survived by drawing his own pistol (which he always carried) and firing back at his would-be assassins. This is the only occasion in modern history when a Head of State has returned fire with potential assassins. Vienna (German: , see also other names) is the capital of Austria, and also one of the nine States of Austria. ... Pagliacci (Clowns) is an opera in two acts written and composed by Ruggero Leoncavallo. ...

In April 1938, Zog married Countess Geraldine Apponyi de Nagy-Apponyi, a Roman Catholic aristocrat who was half Hungarian and half American. Their only child, HRH Crown Prince Leka Zogu, was born in Albania on April 5, 1939. Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Countess Geraldine Margit Virginia Olga Mária Apponyi de Nagy-Appony (6 August 1915—22 October 2002) was the Queen consort of King Zog I, of the Zogu dynasty of Albania. ... The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Leka Zogu (born April 5, 1939), by monarchists called King Leka I, is the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine. ... April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full year calendar). ...

Relations with Italy

The fascist government of Benito Mussolini's Italy had supported Zog since early in his presidency; that support leading to increased Italian influence in Albanian affairs. The Italians forced Zog to refuse to renew the First Treaty of Tirana (1926), although Zog still retained British officers in the Gendarmerie as a counterbalance against the Italians, who had pressured Zog to remove them. Fascism (in Italian, fascismo), capitalized, was the authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. ... Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (July 29, 1883 – April 28, 1945) was the prime minister and dictator of Italy from 1922 until 1943, when he was overthrown. ... 1926 (MCMXXVI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar). ... A gendarmerie (pronounced ) is a military body charged with police duties among civilian populations. ...

During the worldwide depression of the early 1930s, Zog's government became almost completely dependent on Mussolini (to the point that the Albanian national bank had its seat in Rome). Grain had to be imported from abroad and many Albanians emigrated and Italian settlers were allowed to settle in Albania. In 1932 and 1933, Albania was unable to pay the interest payments on its loans from the Society for the Economic Development of Albania, and the Italians used this as a pretext for further dominance. They demanded that Tirana put Italians in charge of the Gendarmerie, join Italy in a customs union, and grant the Italian Kingdom control of Albania's sugar, telegraph, and electrical monopolies. Finally, Italy called for the Albanian government to establish teaching of the Italian language in all Albanian schools, a demand that was swiftly refused by Zog. In defiance of Italian demands, he ordered for the national budget to be slashed by 30 percent, dismissed all Italian military advisers, and nationalized Italian-run Roman Catholic schools in the north of Albania to decrease Italian influence on the population of Albania. In 1934 he tried without success to build ties with France, Germany, and the Balkan states, and Albania drifted back into the Italian orbit. The Great Depression was a time of economic down turn, which started after the stock market crash on October 29, 1929, known as Black Tuesday. ... The 1930s (years from 1930–1939) were described as an abrupt shift to more radical and conservative lifestyles, as countries were struggling to find a solution to the Great Depression, also known in Europe as the World Depression. ... Nickname: Motto: SPQR: Senatus Populusque Romanus Location of the city of Rome (yellow) within the Province of Rome (red) and region of Lazio (grey) Coordinates: Region Lazio Province Province of Rome Founded 21 April 753 BC Government  - Mayor Walter Veltroni Area  - City 1,285 km²  (580 sq mi)  - Urban 5... Year 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... Italian ( , or lingua italiana) is a Romance language spoken by about 63 million people,[1] primarily in Italy and Switzerland. ...

Two days after the birth of his son and heir, on April 7, 1939, Italian troops entered Albania. Mussolini declared Albania a protectorate under Italy's King Victor Emmanuel III. Zog and his family were forced into exile. April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full year calendar). ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ...

While in France, the Royal Family survived a German air raid during the invasion, reputedly^{[citation needed]} because the entourage was travelling in a Mercedes-Benz identical to Adolf Hitler's (in fact it had been a wedding present from the German dictator). The effect of this was that none of the bombers had the nerve to fire on a car identical to the Führer's. This page is about the Mercedes-Benz brand of automobiles and trucks from the DaimlerChrysler automobile manufacturer. ... Hitler redirects here. ...   (Fuehrer when the ü-umlaut is not used, but never just Fuhrer) is a proper noun meaning leader or guide in the German language. ...

Former crown prince

Prior to the birth of Prince Leka, the position of Heir Apparent was held by Prince Tati Esad Murad Kryziu, the son of the King's sister, Princess Nafisa. He was born 24th December 1923 in Tirana. He became honorary General of the Royal Albanian Army in 1928, at age five. He was made Heir Presumptive with the style of His Highness and title of "Prince of Kosova" (Princ i Kosova) in 1931. After the Royal House's exile, he moved to France, where he died in August 1993.

Life in exile

Immediately after his deposition, Zog moved temporarily to Egypt, where he became a friend of King Farouk. He then began life in exile as a jet setter in various countries. The royal family settled in England, first at The Ritz in London, then moving for a very short period in 1941 to Sunninghill near Ascot in Berkshire, (near his nieces who were at school in Ascot), and then in 1941 to Parmoor House, Parmoor, near Frieth, in Buckinghamshire with some staff of the court living in locations around Lane End.^[1] He was an occasional guest at Claridge's on Brook Street in Mayfair. He once talked of using part of his huge fortune to buy The Times, telling Auberon Herbert: "I won't give a penny more than ten million for it". Records of his conversations with friends and family indicate that he wished to set up a feudal kingdom outside Albania if he was not restored to the throne. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Categories: Move to Wiktionary | Stub ... Motto (French) God and my right Anthem God Save the King (Queen) England() – on the European continent() – in the United Kingdom() Capital (and largest city) London (de facto) Official languages English (de facto) Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP Unification  -  by Athelstan 967  Area... For other uses, see Ritz (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Sunninghill is a small village in the county of Berkshire in the southern United Kingdom. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Parmoor is a hamlet to the south of Frieth in Buckinghamshire, United Kingdom. ... Frieth is a hamlet in the parish of Hambleden, in Buckinghamshire, England. ... Buckinghamshire (abbreviated Bucks) is one of the home counties in South East England. ... Claridges is a luxury hotel in Mayfair, central London. ... Brook Street is one of the principal streets on the Grosvenor Estate in the exclusive central London district of Mayfair. ... Mayfair is an area in the City of Westminster London, named after the fortnight-long May Fair that took place there from 1686 until it was banned in that location in 1764. ... Auberon Herbert (1922-1974) was a British landowner and advocate of Eastern European causes after World War Two. ...

In 1951, he bought the Knollwood estate in Muttontown, New York, for approximately $102,800, though some stories claim that he bought the mansion for a bucket of diamonds and rubies. The sixty-room estate was described as a castle. Zog intended Knollwood to be his kingdom-in-exile, staffed by loyal Albanian subjects, but he never moved into the mansion. The house was never used and Zog sold the estate in 1955, by which point vandals had done over $8,000 worth of damage, apparently hunting for treasure in his absence. The mansion was later further vandalized and parts of it have since been torn down. 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... Muttontown is a village located in Nassau County, New York, USA. As of the 2000 census, the village had a total population of 3,412. ...

When Zog briefly went to the United States, he wanted to bring along his Court, but the immigration authorities allowed only twenty members. Zog tried unsuccessfully to bribe the American Senate to permit the remainder to join him. Seal of the U.S. Senate Federal courts Supreme Court Chief Justice Associate Justices Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures State Courts Counties, Cities, and Towns Other countries Politics Portal      Senate composition following 2006 elections The United States Senate is...

Zog finally chose to make his home in France, living the lifestyle favoured by exiled monarchs, that of the Riviera recluse. Zog passed away in Hospital Foch, Suresnes, Hauts-de-Seine [3], on April 9, 1961 at the age of 65 but had been seriously ill for some time. Allegedly his son and Albanian officers, who stayed with Zog in exile, had to use force to prevent the hospital staff bringing his body to the Chapel (Zog was a Muslim) ^[2]. He was survived by his wife and son. He is buried at the Thiais Cemetery in Paris. On his death his son Leka was pronounced H.M. King Leka of the Albanians by the exiled Albanian community (which is why he was not called King of Albania). Suresnes is a commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France. ... Hauts-de-Seine is a département in France. ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ...

His widow, HM Queen Geraldine, died of natural causes in 2002 at the age of 87 in a military hospital in Tirana, Albania. For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... Tirana (Albanian: Tiranë or Tirana) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Albania. ...

Political legacy

During World War II, the royalist resistance in northern Albania was largely ineffective. While the Albanian establishment mostly opted for collaboration with the Italians and Germans, it was the partisans who took control of the country. They were able to defeat the last Nazi remnants, as the war ended. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

Zog attempted to reclaim his throne after the war. Sponsored by the British, some forces loyal to Zog attempted to mount invasions but were continually ambushed due to intelligence sent to the Soviet Union by spy Kim Philby. However, Albania now had a communist government led by Enver Hoxha who remained in power for 45 years. A referendum in 1997 proposed to restore the monarchy in the person of Zog's son Leka Zogu (who since 1961 has been styled as Leka I, King of the Albanians). Two-thirds of voters favoured a continued republican government. On learning of the result HM King Leka attempted an armed uprising as he believed the result to be fraudulent. He was unsuccessful, however and was forced into exile, although he later returned and now lives in Tirana. There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... Harold Adrian Russell Kim Philby or H.A.R. Philby (1 January 1912 – 11 May 1988) was a high ranking member of British intelligence who led a lifelong career as a spy for the Soviet Union. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Leka Zogu (born April 5, 1939), by monarchists called King Leka I, is the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine. ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ...

A main street in Tirana has since been re-named by the current Albanian government to "Boulevard Zog".

Trivia

A character bearing a striking similarity to the king, appeared in the Tintin comic book series as "Muskar XII" in King Ottokar's Sceptre. The main characters and others from The Castafiore Emerald, one of the later books The Adventures of Tintin (French: ) is a series of Belgian comic books created by Belgian artist Hergé, the pen name of Georges Remi (1907–1983). ... King Ottokars Sceptre (in the French-language original Le Sceptre dOttokar) is a one of a series of classic comic-strip albums, written and illustrated by Belgian writer and illustrator Hergé, featuring young reporter Tintin as a hero. ...

In the fourth episode of Monty Python's Flying Circus, the first sketch was noted as having been "specially written for the pubescence of Ex-King Zog of Albania." Other passing references to Zog became something of a running gag on the show. This article discusses the series itself. ... Puberty refers to the process of physical changes by which a childs body becomes an adult body capable of reproduction. ... The running gag is a popular hallmark of comic and serious forms of entertainment. ...

There are many anecdotes about King Zog:

• The King's chamberlain was instructed to accost visitors to the local hotel in the capital Tirana with the demand that they attend a royal audience, at which formal morning dress should be worn. The visitor would be referred to a local outfitter where they could buy the requisite clothes, although this turned out to be quite expensive. The subsequent audience at the palace would be brief and perfunctory. The outfitters was owned by King Zog.

• After Italy's invasion of Albania in 1939, King Zog, having been exiled by Mussolini, set out with his retinue for the Ritz Hotel in London. The hall porter, surprised by the unusual weight of the king's cases, asked him whether they contained anything valuable. "Yes," Zog replied, "Gold."

• Zog was described by British Conservative politician Julian Amery as the cleverest man he had ever met.

• Aubrey Herbert who met him in 1913, when Zog was only eighteen, described him as "a reader of Shakespeare and a fine fighting man".

Chamberlain can have several meanings: A chamberlain is an officer in charge of managing the household of a sovereign. ... Tirana (Albanian: Tiranë or Tirana) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Albania. ... Morning dress is a particular category of mens formal dress. ... 1939 (MCMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full year calendar). ... Benito Mussolini created a fascist state through the use of propaganda, total control of the media and disassembly of the working democratic government. ... For other uses, see Ritz (disambiguation). ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... GOLD refers to one of the following: GOLD (IEEE) is an IEEE program designed to garner more student members at the university level (Graduates of the Last Decade). ... Harold Julian Amery, Baron Amery of Lustleigh (March 27, 1919 - 1997) was a British conservative politican. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Year 1913 (MCMXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ...

See also

• History of Albania
• Self-proclaimed monarchy

This article briefly outlines each period in the history of Albania; details are presented in separate articles (see the links in the box and below). ... A self-proclaimed monarchy is a monarchy that is proclaimed into existence, often by an individual, rather than occurring as part of a longstanding tradition. ...

External links

• Photo Album
• Soldiers presenting the Zogist Salute
• King Zog
• King Zog
• King Zog signing wedding-papers
• King Zog and Queen Geraldine, minutes before marriage
• Count Galeazzo Ciano at Zog's wedding
• The King in conversation
• The King, seconds before his official marriage-signment
• Postcards created on the occasion of the King's wedding
• Officers at the King's wedding
• Albanian girls' battalion performing the Zogist salute
• Soldier with the King's "Z"
• Further such soldiers of the King
• Photos of the Knollwood Estate in Long Island, NY
• stamp of King Zog
• banknote

References

• Bernd Fischer - King Zog and the Struggle for Stability in Albania, (East European Monographs, Boulder, 1984.)

• Jason Tomes - The Throne of Zog: Monarchy in Albania 1928-1939 (History Today September 2001)

Notes

The School of Slavonic and East European Studies (SSEES) is one of the worlds leading specialist institutions [] and the largest national centre in the UK for the study of Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, and Russia. ...

Bibliography

• Bernd Fischer - King Zog and the Struggle for Stability in Albania, (East European Monographs, Boulder, 1984.)
• O.S. Pearson, Albania and King Zog, I.B. Tauris. 2005 (ISBN 1-84511-013-7).
• Jason Tomes - King Zog, Self-Made Monarch of Albania, 2003 (ISBN 0-7509-3077-2).
• Gwen Robyns - Geraldine of the Albanians ISBN 0-584-11133-9

I.B. Tauris is a publishing house based in London and specializing in non-fiction. ... October 8 is the 281st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (282nd in leap years). ... 1895 (MDCCCXCV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1961 calendar). ... Xhemal Pasha Zogu (or Jamal Pasha,or Jamal Pasha Zogolli) was the Heridety governor of Mati, Born 1860 in Mati at Burgajet Castle, the 3th son of Xhelal Pasha Zogolli . ... The District of Mat (Albanian: Rrethi i Matit) is one of the thirty-six districts of Albania. ... Leka Zogu (born April 5, 1939), by monarchists called King Leka I, is the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine. ... Xhafer Bej Ypi (1880 - December 1940), a Bektashi Muslim, was an Albanian politician. ... List of Prime Ministers of Albania Ismail Qemali (1912-1913) Myfit Libohova (1913-1914) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1914) Esat Pashë Toptani (1914) Abdullah Rushdi (1914-1918) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1918-1920) Sulejman Bej Delvina (1920) Ilias Bej Vrioni (1920-1921) Pandeli Evangjeli (1921) Hasan Bej Prishtina (1921) Omer... Shefqet Bej Verlaci (December 15, 1877, Elbasan, Albania – July 21, 1946, Zürich, Switzerland) was Prime Minister of Albania in 1924 and during the Italian occupation from 1939 to 1941. ... Ilias Bej Vrioni or Iljaz Vrioni (1882-1932) was an Albanian politician and landlord. ... List of Prime Ministers of Albania Ismail Qemali (1912-1913) Myfit Libohova (1913-1914) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1914) Esat Pashë Toptani (1914) Abdullah Rushdi (1914-1918) Turhan Pasha Përmeti (1918-1920) Sulejman Bej Delvina (1920) Ilias Bej Vrioni (1920-1921) Pandeli Evangjeli (1921) Hasan Bej Prishtina (1921) Omer... Koço Kota (1889 – 1949) was an Albanian politician and two times Prime Minister during the reign of King Zog. ... List of Presidents of Albania Ahmet Zogu (1925-1928) Ramiz Alia (1991-1992) Sali Berisha (1992-1997) Rexhep Meidani (1997-2002) Alfred Moisiu (2002-Present) See also Albania Kings of Albania Prime Ministers of Albania Princes of Albania External links Presidency of Albania (official site) Categories: Lists of office-holders... Dr. Omer Nishani (1887-1954) was an Albanian a politician from Gjirokastër. ... Essad Pasha (born Essad Toptani, 1863 – June 13, 1920) was a leader of the opposition forces that overthrew Prince William of Wied in Albania and served as prime minister of that country for one month, shortly after William left. ... The modern state Albania has twice been a monarchy. ... Victor Emmanuel III Victor Emmanuel III (Italian: Vittorio Emanuele III) (November 11, 1869 - December 28, 1947), nicknamed The Soldier, was the King of Italy (July 29, 1900 - May 9, 1946), and claimed the titles Emperor of Ethiopia (1936 - 1943) and King of Albania (1939 - 1943). ... This article is about pretender as applied to a monarchy. ... The modern state Albania has twice been a monarchy. ... Leka Zogu (born April 5, 1939), by monarchists called King Leka I, is the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine. ...