Beech
European Beech leaves and cupules
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Fagales Family: Fagaceae Genus: Fagus L.
Species
Fagus crenata - Japanese Beech Fagus engleriana - Chinese Beech Fagus grandifolia - American Beech Fagus hayatae - Taiwan Beech Fagus japonica - Japanese Blue Beech Fagus longipetiolata - South Chinese Beech Fagus lucida - Shining Beech Fagus mexicana - Mexican Beech or Haya Fagus orientalis - Oriental Beech Fagus sylvatica - European Beech Beech may refer to: American Beech - a tree native to North America Beech - the Northern Hemisphere genus of Fagus Nothofagus - the genus of Southern Beeches Beech, Hampshire - a village in England Beechwood, Newport - a suburb of Newport in Wales in the UK Beech (Polish: Buk) - a town in Poland in... From the German wikipedia File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... For other uses, see Plant (disambiguation). ... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ... Orders See text. ... Families included in the Kew list: Fagaceae - Beech family   (including Nothofagaceae) Betulaceae - Birch family Corylaceae - Hazel family Ticodendraceae not included in the Kew list: Casuarinaceae - She-oak family Juglandaceae - Walnut family Rhoipteleaceae Myricaceae The Fagales are an order of flowering plants, including some of the best known trees. ... Genera Castanea - Chestnuts Castanopsis Chrysolepis - Golden chinkapin Colombobalanus Cyclobalanopsis Fagus - Beeches Formanodendron Lithocarpus - Stone oaks Quercus - Oaks Trigonobalanus The family Fagaceae, or beech family, is characterized by alternate leaves with pinnate venation, flowers in the form of catkins, and fruit in the form of nuts, one to seven in a... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ... Binomial name Blume Synonyms Fagus ferruginea Fagus sieboldii Fagus crenata, known as the Japanese beech, Siebolds beech, or buna, is a deciduous tree of the beech family Fagaceae. ... Binomial name Fagus grandifolia Ehrenb. ... Binomial name Palibin ex Hayata Fagus hayatae is a species of plant in the Fagaceae family. ... Binomial name Seemen Fagus longipetiolata is a species of plant in the Fagaceae family. ... Binomial name Fagus mexicana Martínez The Mexican Beech or Haya (Fagus mexicana) is a species of beech endemic to northeastern Mexico, where it occurs from southwest Tamaulipas south to Hidalgo and Puebla; it is restricted to high altitude cloud forests in mountains. ... Binomial name Fagus orientalis Lipsky The Oriental Beech (Fagus orientalis) is a deciduous tree in the beech family Fagaceae. ... Binomial name Fagus sylvatica L. The European Beech or Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a deciduous tree belonging to the family Fagaceae. ...

Not to be confused with Birch Species Many species; see text and classification Birch is the name of any tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae. ...

Beech (Fagus) is a genus of ten species of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia, and North America. Beech was a late entrant to Britain after the last glaciation, and may have been restricted to basic soils in the south of England^[1]. Today, beech is widely planted for hedging and in deciduous woodlands, and mature, regenerating stands occur throughout mainland Britain below about 650m^[2]. The leaves are entire or sparsely toothed, from 5-15 cm long and 4-10 cm broad. The flowers are small single-sex, wind-pollinated catkins, produced in spring shortly after the new leaves appear. The bark is smooth and light gray. The fruit is a small, sharply 3-angled nut 10-15 mm long, borne in pairs in soft-spined husks 1.5-2.5 cm long, known as cupules. The nuts are edible, though bitter with a high tannin content, and are called beechmast. The hierarchy of scientific classification. ... Deciduous means temporary or tending to fall off (deriving from the Latin word decidere, to fall off) and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... Genera Castanea - Chestnuts Castanopsis Chrysolepis - Golden chinkapin Colombobalanus Cyclobalanopsis Fagus - Beeches Formanodendron Lithocarpus - Stone oaks Quercus - Oaks Trigonobalanus The family Fagaceae, or beech family, is characterized by alternate leaves with pinnate venation, flowers in the form of catkins, and fruit in the form of nuts, one to seven in a... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up flower in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A male catkin on a willow a male flowering catkin on a willow Catkins, or aments, are slim, cylindrical flower clusters, wind-pollinated (anemophilous) and without petals, that can be found in many plant families, including Betulaceae, Fagaceae, Moraceae, and Salicaceae. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... Hazelnuts from the Common Hazel Chestnut A nut can be either a seed or a fruit. ... A bottle of tannic acid. ...

Beech grows on a wide range of soil types, acid or basic, provided they are not waterlogged. The tree canopy casts dense shade, and carpets the ground with dense leaf litter, and the ground flora beneath may be sparse.

The southern beeches Nothofagus previously thought closely related to beeches, are now treated as members of a separate family, Nothofagaceae. They are found in Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, New Caledonia and South America. Species Nothofagus alpina - Rauli Beech Nothofagus antarctica - Antarctic Beech Nothofagus betuloides - Magellanes Beech Nothofagus cunninghamii - Myrtle Beech Nothofagus dombeyi - Coigüe Beech Nothofagus fusca - Red Beech Nothofagus gunnii - Tanglefoot Beech Nothofagus menziesii - Silver Beech Nothofagus moorei - Negrohead Beech Nothofagus obliqua - Roble Beech Nothofagus pumilio - Lenga Beech Nothofagus solanderi - Black Beech... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ...

The beech blight aphid (Grylloprociphilus imbricator) is a common pest of beech trees. Beeches are also used as food plants by some species of Lepidoptera - see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Beeches. Binomial name Grylloprociphilus imbricator (Fitch, 1851) The beech blight aphid (Grylloprociphilus imbricator) is an aphid that feeds on the sap of beech trees. ... The order Lepidoptera is the second most speciose order in the class Insecta and includes the butterflies, moths and skippers. ... Beeches (Fagus spp) are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species including: Brown-tail (Euproctis chrysorrhoea) Common Wave (Cabera exanthemata) Dotted Border (Agriopis marginaria) Emperor Moth (Pavonia pavonia) Feathered Thorn (Colotois pennaria) Ghost Moth (Hepialus humuli) Large Emerald (Geometra papilionaria) Light Emerald (Campaea margaritata...

Uses

The beech most commonly grown as an ornamental tree is the European Beech (Fagus sylvatica), widely cultivated in North America as well as its native Europe. Many varieties are in cultivation, notably the weeping beech F. sylvatica 'Pendula', several varieties of Copper or purple beech, the fern-leaved beech F. sylvatica 'Asplenifolia', and the tricolour beech F. sylvatica 'roseomarginata'. The strikingly columnar Dawyck beech occurs in green, gold and purple forms, named after Dawyck Garden in the Scottish Borders, one of the four garden sites of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Binomial name Fagus sylvatica L. The European Beech or Common Beech (Fagus sylvatica) is a deciduous tree belonging to the beech family Fagaceae. ... The Palm House in the Royal Botanic Gardens The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh is both a scientific institution and a tourist attraction. ...

The European species, Fagus sylvatica, yields a utility timber that is tough and dimensionally stable. It is widely used for furniture framing and carcass construction, flooring and engineering purposes and in plywood, but rarely as a decorative timber.

Chips of beech wood are used in the brewing of Budweiser beer to impart a taste similar to that of wood-barrel aging. Beech logs are burned to dry the malts used in German smoked beers, to give the beers their typical flavor. Budweiser, sometimes referred to as Bud, is a global pale lager brand owned by the St. ... For other uses, see Beer (disambiguation). ... Malted barley Malting is a process applied to cereal grains, in which the grains are made to germinate and then are quickly dried before the plant develops. ... Smoked beer is a type of beer, named for its distinctive smoke flavor. ...

Also, beech pulp is used as the basis for manufacturing a textile fibre known as Modal. Modal® is a bio-based fiber made by spinning reconstituted cellulose from beech trees. ...

European Beech leaves Image File history File links Leavessnipedale. ...

Flowers of Fagus sylvatica Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1067 × 800 pixel, file size: 103 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Beech Metadata This file contains additional...

Base of a Beech Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ...

References

1. ^ http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/di/faga/fagus/fagusylv.jpg
2. ^ Preston, Pearman & Dines (2002) New Atlas of the British Flora. Oxford University Press

See also

• English Lowlands beech forests

Beech forest The term English Lowlands beech forests refers to a terrestrial ecoregion, as defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) and the European Environment Agency (EEA). ...

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Fagus

• Flora of China - Fagus
• Flora of North America - Fagus
• Kew Checklist - Fagus