The State of Indiana
Flag of Indiana Seal Nickname(s): The Hoosier State Motto(s): The Crossroads of America
Official language(s)	English
Demonym	Hoosier
Capital	Indianapolis
Largest city	Indianapolis
Largest metro area	Indianapolis-Carmel MSA
Area	Ranked 38th in the US
- Total	36,418 sq mi (94,321 km²)
- Width	140 miles (225 km)
- Length	270 miles (435 km)
- % water	1.5
- Latitude	37° 46′ N to 41° 46′ N
- Longitude	84° 47′ W to 88° 6′ W
Population	Ranked 15th in the US
- Total	6,080,485
- Density	169.5/sq mi  65.46/km² (16th in the US)
Elevation
- Highest point	Hoosier Hill Wayne County [1] 1,257 ft  (383 m)
- Mean	689 ft  (210 m)
- Lowest point	Ohio River and mouth of Wabash River Posey County [1] 320 ft  (98 m)
Admission to Union	December 11, 1816 (19th)
Governor	Mitch Daniels (R)
Lieutenant Governor	Becky Skillman (R)
U.S. Senators	Richard Lugar (R) Evan Bayh (D)
Congressional Delegation	List
Time zones
- 80 counties	Eastern UTC-5/-4
- 12 counties in Evansville and Gary Metro Areas	Central: UTC-6/-5
Abbreviations	IN US-IN
Website	www.in.gov

The State of Indiana (IPA: /ˌɪndiˈænə/) is the 19^th U.S. state and is located in the midwestern region of the United States of America. With about 6.3 million residents, it is ranked 15^th in population and 17^th in population density.^[2] Indiana is ranked 38^th in land area. Look up Indiana in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Indiana. ... State seal of Indiana. ... Categories: Stub | U.S. state flags | Indiana ... The seal of Indiana has gone through several revisions since the region was a part of the Northwest Territory. ... This is a list of U.S. state nicknames -- both official and traditional (official state nicknames are in bold). ... A Hoosier is a resident or native of the U.S. state of Indiana, but used as a slang term for redneck in other parts of the country, especially in Missouri, Illinois and Arkansas. ... Here is a list of state mottos for the states of the United States. ... Image File history File links Map_of_USA_IN.svg‎ File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Indiana ... The United States does not have an official language, but English is spoken by about 82% of the population as a native language. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... A demonym or gentilic is a word that denotes the members of a people or the inhabitants of a place. ... A Hoosier is a resident or native of the U.S. state of Indiana, but used as a slang term for redneck in other parts of the country, especially in Missouri, Illinois and Arkansas. ... Independence Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, site of first U.S. capital. ... Indianapolis redirects here. ... Indianapolis redirects here. ... In the United States, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has produced a formal definition of metropolitan areas. ... The Indianapolis, IN, Metropolitan Statistical Area is the 33rd largest Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) in the United States. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... This is a complete list of the states of the United States ordered by total area, land area, and water area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Square kilometre (U.S. spelling: square kilometer), symbol km², is a decimal multiple of SI unit of surface area square metre, one of the SI derived units. ... “km” redirects here. ... Map of states populations (2006) This is a list of states of the United States by population (with inhabited non-state jurisdictions included for comparison) as of July 1, 2006, according to the 2005 estimates of the United States Census Bureau. ... Map of states showing population density This is a list of the 50 U.S. states, ordered by population density. ... This is a list of United States states by elevation. ... Hoosier Hill is the highest point in the state of Indiana at 1257 feet. ... View of Pittsburgh, the largest metropolitan area on the Ohio River, where the Allegheny River (left) and the Monongahela River (right) join at Point State Park to form the Ohio River Cincinnati, Ohio is a well known city along the Ohio River, historically known for its riverboats. ... The Wabash River at Lafayette, Indiana, showing the Main Street bridge, and the Amtrak station. ... Posey County is a county located in the state of Indiana. ... The order which the original 13 states ratified the constitution, then the order that the others were admitted to the union This is a list of U.S. states by date of statehood, that is, the date when each U.S. state joined the Union. ... is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see Governor (disambiguation). ... Mitchell Elias Mitch Daniels, Jr. ... This is a complete and current List of United States Lieutenant Governors. ... Becky Skillman Rebecca Becky Skillman is the 50th and current Lieutenant Governor of the State of Indiana. ... Type Upper House President of the Senate Richard B. Cheney, R since January 20, 2001 President pro tempore Robert C. Byrd, D since January 4, 2007 Members 100 Political groups Democratic Party Republican Party Last elections November 7, 2006 Meeting place Senate Chamber United States Capitol Washington, DC United States... Richard Green Dick Lugar (born April 4, 1932) is the senior United States Senator from Indiana. ... Birch Evans Bayh III (commonly known as Evan Bayh) (pronounced like bye; IPA pronunciation: ) (born December 26, 1955) is an American politician who has served as the junior U.S. Senator from Indiana since 1999 and a former Governor of Indiana. ... Type Bicameral Houses Senate House of Representatives President of the Senate President pro tempore Dick Cheney, (R) since January 20, 2001 Robert C. Byrd, (D) since January 4, 2007 Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, (D) since January 4, 2007 Members 535 plus 4 Delegates and 1 Resident Commissioner Political... These are tables of congressional delegations from Indiana to the United States Senate and United States House of Representatives. ... Map of U.S. time zones with new CST and EST areas displayed This is a list of United States of America States by time zone. ... The Eastern Standard Time Zone is a geographic region that keeps time by subtracting five hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). ... UTC redirects here. ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... Evansville is a city located in Vanderburgh County, Indiana. ... // Place name Several places in the United States of America are called Gary (in decreasing population order): Gary, Indiana Gary, West Virginia Gary, Minnesota Gary, South Dakota There are other similarly-named towns: Gary City, Texas Garysburg, North Carolina Garyville, Louisiana GNIS also lists the following tiny (or uninhabited) towns...  CST or UTC-6 The Central Standard Time Zone (CST) is a geographic region in the Americas that keeps time by subtracting six hours from UTC (UTC-6). ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... The following is a list of abbreviations used by the United States Postal Service. ... U.S. states This is a list of traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territorries, which were in wide use prior to the U.S. postal abbreviations. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      A U.S. state is any one of the fifty subnational entities of... This article is about the Midwestern region in the United States. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized...

Indiana is a diverse state with a few large urban areas and a number of smaller industrial cities. It is known nationally for its professional sports teams, the Indianapolis Colts, champions of the 2006 NFL season's Super Bowl, the NBA Indiana Pacers and for the Indianapolis 500 motorsports race, the largest single-day sporting event in the world that is held annually over the Memorial Day weekend, and for a strong basketball tradition, often called Hoosier Hysteria. League/Conference affiliations National Football League (1953–present) Western Conference (1953-1969) Coastal Division (1967-1969) American Football Conference (1970-present) AFC East (1970-2001) AFC South (2002-present) Current uniform Team colors Royal Blue, White Mascot Blue Personnel Owner Jim Irsay General Manager Bill Polian Head Coach Tony Dungy... The 2006 season of the National Football League (NFL) was the 87th one played by the major professional American football league in the United States. ... The winning Super Bowl team receives the Vince Lombardi Trophy. ... The National Basketball Association of the United States and Canada, commonly known as the NBA, is the premier professional basketball league in North America. ... The Indiana Pacers are a professional basketball team that plays in the National Basketball Association (NBA). ... “Indy 500” redirects here. ... Auto racing (also known as automobile racing or autosport) is a sport involving racing automobiles. ... A Peugeot 206 World Rally Car Motor racing and Motorsports redirect here. ... Memorial Day is a United States federal holiday that is observed on the last Monday of May (observed this year on 2007-05-28). ... Hoosier Hysteria. ...

Residents of Indiana are called Hoosiers. Although many stories are told, the origin of the term is unknown. The state's name means "Land of the Indians", or simply "Indian Land". The name dates back to at least 1800, when Indiana Territory was created, at which time the territory was unceded Indian land.^[3] Angel Mounds State Historic Site, one of the best preserved prehistoric Native American sites in the United States, can be found in south-western Indiana near Evansville.^[4] A Hoosier is a resident or native of the U.S. state of Indiana, but used as a slang term for redneck in other parts of the country, especially in Missouri, Illinois and Arkansas. ... Map of the Indiana Territory Indiana Territory was an organized territory of the United States from 1800 to 1816, created by Act of Congress and signed into law by President John Adams on May 7, 1800, effective on July 4. ... Angel Mounds State Historic Site is located on the Ohio River in Vanderburgh County, Indiana adjacent to Evansville. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Indiana Country State County Vanderburgh Government  - Mayor Jonathan Weinzapfel (D) Area  - City 40. ...

Geography

See also: Geography of Indiana, List of Indiana rivers, and Watersheds of Indiana

Indiana state welcome sign

Indiana is bounded on the north by Lake Michigan and the state of Michigan; on the east by Ohio; on the south by Kentucky, with which it shares the Ohio River as a border; and on the west by Illinois. Indiana is one of the Great Lakes states. The geography of the U.S. State of Indiana is both diverse and fascinating. ... This is a list of rivers in the U.S. state of Indiana. ... The Watersheds of Indiana consist of six distinct Indiana watershed regions that drain in to five major bodies of water. ... Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... This article is about the U.S. State. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Frankfort Largest city Louisville Area  Ranked 37th  - Total 40,444 sq mi (104,749 km²)  - Width 140 miles (225 km)  - Length 379 miles (610 km)  - % water 1. ... View of Pittsburgh, the largest metropolitan area on the Ohio River, where the Allegheny River (left) and the Monongahela River (right) join at Point State Park to form the Ohio River Cincinnati, Ohio is a well known city along the Ohio River, historically known for its riverboats. ... Official language(s) English[1] Capital Springfield Largest city Chicago Largest metro area Chicago Metropolitan Area Area  Ranked 25th  - Total 57,918 sq mi (140,998 km²)  - Width 210 miles (340 km)  - Length 390 miles (629 km)  - % water 4. ... The Great Lakes from space The Laurentian Great Lakes are a group of five large lakes in North America on or near the Canada-United States border. ...

The northern boundary of the states of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois was originally defined to be a latitudinal line drawn through the southernmost tip of Lake Michigan. Since such a line would not provide Indiana with usable frontage on the lake, its northern border was shifted ten miles (16 km) north. The northern borders of Ohio and Illinois were also shifted from this original plan.^[5]

The 475 mile (764 km) long Wabash River bisects the state from northeast to southwest before flowing south, mostly along the Indiana-Illinois border. The river has given Indiana a few theme songs, such as On the Banks of the Wabash, The Wabash Cannonball and Back Home Again, In Indiana.^[6][7] The Wabash is also the longest free-flowing river east of the Mississippi; 400 miles (640 km) from the Huntington dam to the Ohio River. The White River (a tributary of the Wabash, which is a tributary of the Ohio) zigzags through central Indiana. The Wabash River at Lafayette, Indiana, showing the Main Street bridge, and the Amtrak station. ... On the Banks of the Wabash, Far Away is the state of Indianas official state song. ... The Wabash Cannonball is an American folk song that is thought to have originated sometime in the late nineteenth century. ... Back Home Again in Indiana was originally composed by Ballard MacDonald and James Hanley in 1917. ...

There are 24 Indiana state parks, nine man-made reservoirs, and hundreds of lakes in the state. Areas under the control and protection of the National Park Service or the United States Forest Service include:^[8] The U.S. state of Indiana has 24 state parks maintained and operated by Indiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR). ... The National Park Service (NPS) is the United States federal agency that manages all National Parks, many National Monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with various title designations. ... Logo of the U.S. Forest Service. ...

• George Rogers Clark National Historical Park in Vincennes
• Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore near Michigan City
• Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial in Lincoln City
• Hoosier National Forest in Bedford

This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... This article is about the United States city, Vincennes. ... Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, a U.S. national lakeshore authorized by Congress in 1966, is located in Northwest Indiana. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial preserves the southern Indiana farm where Abraham Lincoln lived from 1816 to 1830. ... Lincoln City is a settlement in Spencer County, southwestern Indiana, located five minutes south of I-64, northeast of Evansville, approximately twenty miles north of the Ohio River. ... The Hoosier National Forest, in the hills of south central Indiana, provides a wide mix of opportunities and resources for people to enjoy. ... Bedford is a city in Lawrence County, Indiana, United States. ...

Northern Indiana

The northwest corner of the state is part of the Chicago metropolitan area and has nearly one million residents.^[9] Gary, and the cities and towns that make up the northern half of Lake, Porter, and La Porte Counties bordering on Lake Michigan, are effectively commuter suburbs of Chicago. Porter and Lake counties are commonly referred to as "The Calumet Region", or "The Region" for short. The name comes from the fact that the Grand Calumet and Little Calumet rivers run through the area. These counties are all in the Central Time Zone along with Chicago. NICTD owns and operates the South Shore Line, a commuter rail line that runs electric-powered trains between South Bend and Chicago.^[10] Sand dunes and heavy industry share the shoreline of Lake Michigan in northern Indiana. Along the shoreline of Lake Michigan in Northern Indiana one can find many parks between the industrial areas. The Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and the Indiana Dunes State Park are two natural wonders of the area. Chicagoland redirects here. ... This article is about the city. ... Lake County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. ... Porter County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. ... LaPorte County is a county located in the state of Indiana. ... Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America, and the only one located entirely within the United States. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... The South Shore Line is an electrically powered interurban streetcar line operated by the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (NICTD) between Randolph Street Terminal in downtown Chicago, Illinois and the South Bend Regional Airport in South Bend, Indiana. ... The South Shore Line is an electrically powered interurban streetcar line operated by the Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District (NICTD) between Randolph Street Terminal in downtown Chicago, Illinois and the South Bend Regional Airport in South Bend, Indiana. ... South Bend is the name of the following places in the United States of America: South Bend, Indiana South Bend Township, Kansas South Bend Township, Minnesota South Bend, Nebraska South Bend Township, Pennsylvania South Bend, Washington This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might... For other uses, see Chicago (disambiguation). ... Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore, a U.S. national lakeshore authorized by Congress in 1966, is located in Northwest Indiana. ... Indiana Dunes State Park is a 2,182 acre (8. ...

The area is marked with swell and swale topography as it retreats South from Lake Michigan. The ecology can change dramatically between swells, or on opposite sides of the same swell. Plants and animals adapted to marshes are generally found in the swales, while forests or even prickly pear cactus are found in the dryer swells.^[11] A swale is low tract of land, especially when moist or marshy. ... Species Some 250, see also Example species. ...

Most of northern and central Indiana is flat farmland dotted with small cities and towns, such as North Manchester.

The Kankakee River, which winds through northern Indiana, serves somewhat as a demarcating line between suburban northwest Indiana and the rest of the state.^[12] Before it was drained and developed for agriculture, the Kankakee Marsh was one of the largest freshwater marshes in the country.^[13] Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1344 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (2560x1920, 1344 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... North Manchester, Indiana from the air looking northeast. ... The Kankakee River is a tributary of the Illinois River, approximately 90 mi (144 km) long, in northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois in the United States. ...

The South Bend metropolitan area, in north central Indiana, is the center of commerce in the region better known as Michiana. Fort Wayne, the state's second largest city, is located in the northeastern part of the state where it serves the state as a transportation hub. Michiana is a region in northern Indiana and southwest Michigan centered around the city of South Bend, Indiana. ... Nickname: Motto: Ke Ki On Ga Location in the state of Indiana, USA Coordinates: , Country State County Allen Founded October 22, 1794 Incorporated February 22, 1840 Government  - Mayor Graham Richard (D)  - City Clerk Sandra Kennedy (D)  - City Council John N. Crawford (R) Samuel J. Talarico, Jr (R) John Shoaff (D...

Northeastern Indiana is home to a number of lakes, many of which are the remains of the glaciers that covered Indiana thousands of years ago. Some of these lakes include Lake James in Pokagon State Park, Lake Maxinkuckee, Lake Wawasee and Lake Tippecanoe. Lake Wawasee is the largest natural lake in Indiana, while Lake Tippecanoe is the deepest lake, reaching depths of over 120 feet. Both lakes are located in Kosciusko County. Chain O' Lakes State Park, located in Noble County, contains 11 lakes, 8 of which are connected by natural channels. Pokagon State Park is located in ?????????? Indiana close to the village of Fremont and 5 miles (8 km) north of Angola. ... Lake Maxinkuckee, covering 1,864 acres (754 ha), is the second largest natural lake in the U.S. state of Indiana . ... Lake Wawasee satellite photo Lake Wawasee, formerly Turkey Lake is a large lake south of Syracuse in Kosciusko County, Indiana. ... Large Lake in North Central Indiana, created through glaciantion, is the deepest natural lake in the State of Indiana. ... Kosciusko County is a county located in the state of Indiana. ... For the similarly-named state park in Illinois, see Chain OLakes State Park Chain O Lakes is a state park in Indiana. ... Noble County is the name of several counties in the United States: Noble County, Indiana Noble County, Oklahoma Noble County, Ohio This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Central Indiana

The state capital, Indianapolis, is situated in the central portion of the state. It is intersected by numerous Interstates and U.S. highways, giving the state its motto as "The Crossroads of America".^[14] Other cities and towns located within the area include Anderson, Avon, Beech Grove, Bloomington, Brownsburg, Carmel, Castleton, Clermont, Columbus, Crawfordsville, Cumberland, Danville, Fishers, Franklin, Greenwood, Greenfield, Homecroft, Kokomo, Lafayette, Lawrence, Lebanon, Mooresville, Muncie, Plainfield, Richmond, Southport, Speedway, Terre Haute, West Lafayette, and Zionsville. Indianapolis redirects here. ... Interstate Highways in the 48 contiguous states. ... Current U.S. Route shield Current U.S. Route shield in California The system of United States Numbered Highways (often called U.S. Routes or U.S. Highways) is an integrated system of roads and highways in the United States numbered within a nationwide grid. ... Anderson is a city in Madison County, Indiana, United States. ... Avon is a town in Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. ... Beech Grove Marion County, Indiana, United States. ... Location in the state of Indiana Coordinates: County Monroe Mayor Mark Kruzan Area    - City 51. ... Brownsburg is a town in Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. ... Carmel (IPA: ) is a city in Hamilton County, Indiana, United States. ... Castleton is a heavily commercialized area located on the north side of Indianapolis and is the southern terminus of Interstate 69. ... Clermont is a town located in Indiana. ... Columbus (pronounced ) is the county seat of Bartholomew County, Indiana. ... Crawfordsville is a city in Montgomery County, Indiana, United States. ... Cumberland is a town located in Hancock County, Indiana. ... Danville is a town in Hendricks County, Indiana, USA. The population was 6,418 at the 2000 census. ... Fishers, located in Hamilton County, Indiana, is a town of population 52,390, according to a special census conducted in 2004. ... Franklin is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. ... Greenwood (IPA: ) is a city in Johnson County, Indiana, United States. ... Greenfield is a city in Hancock County, Indiana, United States. ... Homecroft is a town located in Indiana. ... For the band, see Kokomo (band). ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country State County Tippecanoe Townships Fairfield, Wea Platted 1825 Incorporated 1853 Government  - Mayor Tony Roswarski Area  - City 20. ... Lawrence is a city located in Marion County, Indiana. ... Mooresville is a town in Morgan County, Indiana, in the United States. ... Muncie (IPA: ) is a city in Delaware County in east central Indiana, best known as the home of Ball State University and the birthplace of the Ball Corporation. ... Plainfield is a town in Hendricks County, Indiana, United States. ... Richmond (IPA: ) is a city in east central Indiana, which borders Ohio. ... Southport is a city located in Marion County, Indiana. ... Nickname: Home of the 500 Location in the state of Indiana Coordinates: County Marion Government  - Town Council Area  - City  4. ... Terre Haute (IPA: ) is a city in Vigo County, Indiana near the states western border with Illinois. ... Chauncey Village area of West Lafayette West Lafayette (IPA: ) is a city in Tippecanoe County, Indiana, United States, 65 miles (105km) northwest of Indianapolis. ... Zionsville is a town located in the extreme southeast area of Boone County, Indiana. ...

Rural areas in the central portion of the state are typically composed of a patchwork of fields and forested areas. The geography of Central Indiana consists of gently rolling hills and sandstone ravines carved out by the retreating glaciers. Many of these ravines can be found in west-central Indiana, specifically along Sugar Creek in Turkey Run State Park and Shades State Park. A green field or paddock In agriculture, a field refers generally to an area of land enclosed or otherwise and used for agricultural purposes such as: Cultivating crops Usage as a paddock or generally an enclosure of livestock Land left to lie fallow or as arable land See also Pasture... This article is about a community of trees. ... Red sandstone interior of Lower Antelope Canyon, Arizona, worn smooth due to erosion by flash flooding over millions of years Sandstone is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-size mineral or rock grains. ... Turkey Run State Park is located in Parke County, Indiana, in the west-central part of the state on State Road 47 two miles east of State Road 41. ... Shades State Park is a state park in Indiana. ...

Southern Indiana

Main article: Southern Indiana

Evansville, the third largest city in Indiana, is located in the southwestern corner of the state. It is located in a tri-state area that includes Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky. The south-central cities of Clarksville, Jeffersonville, and New Albany are part of the Louisville metropolitan area. Vincennes, the oldest city in the state, is located on the Wabash River. Southern Indiana, in the United States, is notable because it is culturally and geographically more similar to the South than it is to the rest of the state of Indiana. ... Nickname: Location in the state of Indiana Country State County Vanderburgh Government  - Mayor Jonathan Weinzapfel (D) Area  - City 40. ... NY-MA-CT Tripoint Marker CT-RI-MA Tripoint Marker The 38th point is actually a quadripoint, where 4 states meet (Utah, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico) at the Four Corners Monument. ... Clarksville is a town in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. ... Jeffersonville is a city located in Clark County, Indiana, along the Ohio River. ... New Albany is a city in Floyd County, Indiana, situated along the Ohio River opposite Louisville, Ky. ... Louisville redirects here. ... This article is about the United States city, Vincennes. ... The Wabash River at Lafayette, Indiana, showing the Main Street bridge, and the Amtrak station. ...

Southern Indiana is a mixture of farmland, forest and very hilly areas, especially near Louisville and in the south central lime hills areas. The Hoosier National Forest is a 200,000 acre (80,900 ha) nature preserve in south central Indiana. Southern Indiana's topography is more varied than that in the north and generally contains more hills and geographic variation than the northern portion, such as the "Knobs," a series of 1,000 ft (300 m). hills that run parallel to the Ohio River in south-central Indiana. The bottomlands of Indiana, where the Wabash and Ohio converge, hosts numerous plant and animal species normally found in the Lower Mississippi and Gulf Coast region of the United States.^[15] Brown County is well-known for its hills covered with colorful autumn foliage, T.C. Steele's former home, and Nashville, the county seat and shopping destination. Harrison and Crawford Counties boast three of the state's most popular commercial caves at Wyandotte, Marengo, and Squire Boone Caverns. The Hoosier National Forest, in the hills of south central Indiana, provides a wide mix of opportunities and resources for people to enjoy. ... Brown County is a county located in the state of Indiana. ... Nashville is a town in Brown County, Indiana, United States. ...

Indiana State House; Indianapolis, IN; Built with Southern Indiana Limestone

The limestone geology of Southern Indiana has created numerous caves and one of the largest limestone quarry regions in the USA. Many of Indiana's official buildings, such as the State capitol building, the downtown monuments, the Indiana University School of Law in Indianapolis, many buildings at Indiana University in Bloomington, and the Indiana Government Center are all examples of Indiana architecture made with Indiana limestone. Indiana limestone has also been used in many other famous structures in the US, such as the University of Illinois' Memorial Stadium, the Empire State Building, the Pentagon, and the Washington National Cathedral. In addition, 35 of the 50 state capitol buildings are also made of Indiana Limestone.^[16] The University of Illinois is the set of three public universities in Illinois. ... The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in New York City, New York at the intersection of Fifth Avenue and West 34th Street. ... This article is about the United States military building. ... Washington National Cathedral has been the site of three presidential state funerals: for Dwight D. Eisenhower, Ronald W. Reagan, Gerald R. Ford and a presidential burial for Woodrow Wilson and a memorial service for Harry Truman. ...

For sixty years, from 1890 to 1950, the United States Census found the center of population to lie in southern Indiana. The mean center of U.S. population is determined by the United States Census Bureau after tabulating the results of each census. ...

Climate

Most of Indiana has a humid continental climate (Koppen climate classification Dfa), with hot, humid summers and cool to cold winters. The extreme southern portions of the state border on a humid subtropical climate (Koppen Cfa) with somewhat milder winters. Summertime maximum temperatures average around 85 °F (29 °C) with cooler nights around 60 °F (16 °C). Winters are a little more variable, but generally cool to cold temperatures with all but the northern part of the state averaging above freezing for the maximum January temperature, and the minimum temperature below 20 °F (-8 °C) for most of the state.^[17]The state receives a good amount of precipitation, 40 inches (1,000 mm) annually statewide, in all four seasons, with March through August being slightly wetter. The humid continental climate is a climate found over large areas of land masses in the temperate regions of the mid-latitudes where there is a zone of conflict between polar and tropical air masses. ... The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. ... The humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and chilly to mild winters. ...

The state does have its share of severe weather, both winter storms and thunderstorms. While generally not receiving as much snow as some states farther north, the state does have occasional blizzards, some due to lake effect snow. Two major paralyzing snowstorms bear merit. The January, 1978 Blizzard, which affected almost the entire state, and the December, 2004 Blizzard, which primarily affected the Ohio Valley and later caused the severe flooding of the White, Wabash, and the Ohio Rivers in January, 2005. The state averages around 40-50 days of thunderstorms per year, with March and April being the period of most severe storms. While not considered part of Tornado Alley, Indiana is the Great Lakes state which is most vulnerable to tornadic activity. In fact, three of the most severe tornado outbreaks in U.S. history affected Indiana, the Tri-State Tornado of 1925, the Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1965 and the Super Outbreak of 1974. The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 killed 25 people, 20 people in Vanderburgh County and 5 in Warrick County. A rolling thundercloud over Enschede, The Netherlands. ... This article is about snowstorms. ... Lake-effect precipitation coming off the Great Lakes, as seen from NEXRAD. Lake effect snow, which can be a type of snowsquall, is produced in the winter when cold, artic dry winds move across long expanses of warmer lake water, picking up water vapor which freezes and is deposited on... An outline of Significant Tornado Alley in the United States, where the highest percentage of violent tornadoes occur Tornado Alley is a colloquial term most often used in reference to the area of the United States in which tornadoes are most frequent. ... A tornado in central Oklahoma. ... 1Time from first tornado to last tornado 2Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita Scale The Great Tri-State Tornado of Wednesday, March 18, 1925, crossed from southeastern Missouri, through southern Illinois, then into southwestern Indiana, and was the deadliest tornado in U.S. history. ... 1Time from first tornado to last tornado 2Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita Scale The first Palm Sunday tornado outbreak occurred on April 11, 1965 and involved 78 tornadoes (38 significant, 19 violent, 21 killers) hitting the Midwest. ... 1Time from first tornado to last tornado 2Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita Scale The Super Outbreak is the largest tornado outbreak on record. ... 1Time from first tornado to last tornado 2Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita Scale The Evansville Tornado of November 2005 was a powerful tornado that formed early in the morning of November 6, 2005, outside of Evansville, Indiana, a city in southwestern Indiana on the Ohio River. ... Warrick County is a county located in the U.S. state of Indiana. ...

History

Main article: History of Indiana

The area of Indiana has been settled since before the development of the Hopewell culture (ca. 100–400 CE).^[19] It was part of the Mississippian culture from roughly the year 1000 up to 1400.^[20] The specific Native American tribes that inhabited this territory at that time were primarily the Miami and the Shawnee.^[21] The area was claimed for New France in the 17th century, handed over to the Kingdom of Great Britain as part of the settlement at the end of the French and Indian War, given to the United States after the American Revolution, soon after which it became part of the Northwest Territory, then the Indiana Territory, and joined the Union in 1816 as the 19th state. Indiana fought on the Union side during the American Civil War and prohibited slavery. See also Northwest Indian War.^[21] This article should appear in one or more categories. ... Hopewell mounds from the Mound City Group in Ohio Hopewell culture is the term used to describe common aspects of the Native American culture that flourished along rivers in the northeastern and midwestern United States from 200 BC to 400 A.D. At its greatest extent, Hopewell culture stretched from... The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American culture that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1500 A.D., varying regionally. ... This article is about the people indigenous to the United States. ... The Miami are a Native American tribe originally found in Indiana and Ohio, and now living also in Oklahoma. ... The Shawnee are a people native to North America, and are therefore considered to be Native Americans. ... Capital Quebec Language(s) French Religion Roman Catholicism Government Monarchy King See List of French monarchs Governor See list of Governors Legislature Sovereign Council of New France Historical era Ancien Régime in France  - Royal Control 1655  - Articles of Capitulation of Quebec 1759  - Articles of Capitulation of Montreal 1760  - Treaty... For an explanation of terms such as Scotland, Wales, England, (Great) Britain and United Kingdom, see British Isles (terminology). ... Combatants France First Nations allies: Algonquin Lenape Wyandot Ojibwa Ottawa Shawnee Great Britain American Colonies Iroquois Confederacy Strength 3,900 regulars 7,900 militia 2,200 natives (1759) 50,000 regulars and militia (1759) Casualties 3,000 killed, wounded or captured 10,040 killed, wounded or captured The French and... John Trumbulls Declaration of Independence, showing the five-man committee in charge of drafting the Declaration in 1776 as it presents its work to the Second Continental Congress in Philadelphia The American Revolution refers to the period during the last half of the 18th century in which the Thirteen... The Northwest Territory, also known as the Old Northwest and the Territory North West of the Ohio, was a governmental region within the early United States. ... Map of the Indiana Territory Indiana Territory was an organized territory of the United States from 1800 to 1816, created by Act of Congress and signed into law by President John Adams on May 7, 1800, effective on July 4. ... Combatants United States of America (Union) Confederate States of America (Confederacy) Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties 110,000 killed in action, 360,000 total dead, 275,200 wounded 93,000 killed in action, 258,000 total... Combatants United States Western Lakes Confederacy Commanders Josiah Harmar Arthur St. ...

Pioneer Era

On June 29, 1816, Indiana adopted a constitution, and on December 11, 1816, became the 19th State to join the Union.^[22] is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 345th day of the year (346th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1816 (MDCCCXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... For other uses, see State (disambiguation). ...

Indiana filled up from the Ohio River north. Migration, mostly from Kentucky and Ohio, was so rapid that by 1820 the population was 147,176, and by 1830 the sales of public lands for the previous decade reached 3,588,000 acres (5,600 sq mi; 14,500 km²) and the population was 343,031. It had more than doubled since 1820. The first state capital was in the southern Indiana city of Corydon.^[23] Corydon is a town in Harrison County, Indiana, United States. ...

Transportation

Down the Mississippi and its tributaries (the Ohio and Wabash) was to be found the sole outlet for the increasing produce of the Middle West, whose waters drained into the great valley. Districts which were not upon streams navigable by even the lightest draught steamboat were economically handicapped. The small, flat boat was their main reliance. Roads suitable for heavy carriage were few up to the middle of the century. The expense and time attending shipment of merchandise from the east at that time were almost prohibitive. To meet this condition, the building of canals (espoused by the constitution of 1816) was long advocated, in emulation of Ohio which took example after New York State. In 1826, Congress granted a strip two and a half miles wide on each side of the proposed canal. A very extensive and ambitious scale of main and lateral canals and turnpikes was advocated in consequence. This article is about the U.S. state. ...

Work began on the Wabash and Erie Canal in 1832, on the Whitewater Canal in 1836, on the Central in 1837. Bad financing and "bad times" nearly wrecked the whole scheme; yet, the Wabash and Erie Canal was completed from Toledo to Evansville. It was a great factor in the development of the state, although it brought heavy loss upon the bondholders with the advent of the railroad. Upon completion, the canal actually increased prices of farm products three or fourfold and reduced prices of household needs 60%, a tremendous stimulus to agricultural development. By 1840, the population of the upper Wabash Valley had increased from 12,000 to 270,000. The canal boat that hauled loads of grain east came back loaded with immigrants. In 1846, it is estimated that over thirty families settled every day in the state. The Wabash and Erie Canal was a shipping canal in Indiana that linked the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River via a man-made waterway. ... The Whitewater Canal, which was built between 1836 and 1847, spanned a distance of seventy-six miles and stretched from Lawrenceburg, Indiana on the Ohio River to Hagerstown, Indiana. ...

Manufacturing also developed rapidly. In the ten years between 1840 and 1850, the counties bordering the canal increased in population 397%; those more fertile, but more remote, 190%. The tide of trade, which had been heretofore to New Orleans, was reversed and went east. The canal also facilitated and brought emigration from Ohio, New York, and New England, in the newly established counties in the northern two-thirds of the state. Foreign immigration was mostly from Ireland and Germany. Later, this great canal fell into disuse, and finally was abandoned, as railway mileage increased.

In the next ten years, by 1840, of the public domain 9,122,688 acres (14,250 mi²; 36,918 km²) had been sold. But the state was still heavily in debt, although growing rapidly. In 1851 a new constitution (now in force) was adopted. The first constitution was adopted at a convention assembled at Corydon, which had been the seat of government since December, 1813. The original statehouse, built of blue limestone, still stands; but in 1821, the site of the present capital, Indianapolis, was selected by the legislature. It was in the wilds, sixty miles from civilization. By 1910, it was a city of 225,000 inhabitants, and was the largest inland steam and electric railroad center in the United States that was not located on a navigable waterway. No railroad reached it before 1847.

Demographics

Indiana Population Density Map