NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Larch

Larches are conifers in the genus Larix, in the family Pinaceae. They are native to much of the cooler temperate northern hemisphere, on lowlands in the far north, and high on mountains further south. Larches are among the dominant plants in the immense boreal forests of Russia and Canada. Download high resolution version (545x605, 110 KB)Siberian larch, Larix sibirica, at the Jardin botanique de Montréal. ... Download high resolution version (545x605, 110 KB)Siberian larch, Larix sibirica, at the Jardin botanique de Montréal. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (972x1296, 249 KB) Male and female flowers of Japanese larch opening in spring. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (972x1296, 249 KB) Male and female flowers of Japanese larch opening in spring. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (688x918, 174 KB) Larix decidua foliage and cones File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Larch European Larch ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (688x918, 174 KB) Larix decidua foliage and cones File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Larch European Larch ... Orders & Families Cordaitales † Pinales Pinaceae - Pine family Araucariaceae - Araucaria family Podocarpaceae - Yellow-wood family Sciadopityaceae - Umbrella-pine family Cupressaceae - Cypress family Cephalotaxaceae - Plum-yew family Taxaceae - Yew family Vojnovskyales † Voltziales † The conifers, division Pinophyta, are one of 13 or 14 division level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae. ... Genera Subfamily Pinoideae Pinus - pines (about 115 species) Subfamily Piceoideae Picea - spruces (about 35 species) Subfamily Laricoideae Cathaya (one species) Larix - larches (about 14 species) Pseudotsuga - douglas-firs (five species) Subfamily Abietoideae Abies - firs (about 50 species) Cedrus - cedars (two to four species) Pseudolarix - golden larch (one species) Keteleeria (three... For the usage in virology, see temperate (virology). ... For other uses, see Mountain (disambiguation). ... This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ...

They are deciduous trees, growing from 15-50 m tall. The shoots are dimorphic, with growth divided into long shoots typically 10-50 cm long and bearing several buds, and short shoots only 1-2 mm long with only a single bud. The leaves are needle-like, 2-5 cm long, slender (under 1 mm wide). They are borne singly, spirally arranged on the long shoots, and in dense clusters of 20-50 needles on the short shoots. The needles turn yellow and fall in the late autumn, leaving the trees leafless through the winter. Deciduous means temporary or tending to fall off (deriving from the Latin word decidere, to fall off) and is typically used in reference to trees or shrubs that lose their leaves seasonally. ... The coniferous Coast Redwood, the tallest tree species on earth. ... Flower buds have not yet bloomed into a full-size flower. ... Look up foliage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Larch cones are erect, small, 1-9 cm long, green or purple, ripening brown 5-8 months after pollination; in about half the species the bract scales are long and visible, and in the others, short and hidden between the seed scales. Those native to northern regions have small cones (1-3 cm) with short bracts, with more southerly species tending to have longer cones (3-9 cm), often with exserted bracts, with the longest cones and bracts produced by the southernmost species, in the Himalaya. Mature female European Black Pine cone Male cones of a pine A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ...

Species and classification

There are 10-14 species; those marked '*' in the list below are not accepted as distinct species by all authorities. In the past, the cone bract length was often used to divide the larches into two sections (sect. Larix with short bracts, and sect. Multiserialis with long bracts), but genetic evidence (Gernandt & Liston 1999) does not support this division, pointing instead to a genetic divide between Old World and New World species, with the cone and bract size being merely adaptations to climatic conditions. More recent genetic studies have proposed three clades within the genus, roughly corresponding to North American, Eurasian short-bracted, and Eurasian long-bracted (Wei and Wang 2003, 2004), with the notable exception of Larix sibirica, which is a short-bracted species belonging to the long-bracted clade. BUT SHAN LOVES LAUREN AND SHE NEEDS TO NO THAT :D LUV U XXXXXXXXXXXXXX The Old World consists of those parts of Earth known to Europeans, Asians, and Africans before the voyages of Christopher Columbus; it includes Europe, Asia, and Africa (collectively known as Africa-Eurasia), plus surrounding islands. ... Frontispiece of Peter Martyr dAnghieras De orbe novo (On the New World). Carte dAmÃ©rique, Guillaume Delisle, 1722. ... The Siberian Larch, or Russian larch, (Larix sibirica) is a frost-hardy tree which occurs naturally in northeastern Russia and western Siberia. ...

Most if not all of the species can be hybridised in cultivation; the best known hybrid is Larix × marschlinsii (syn. L. × eurolepis, an illegitimate name), the Dunkeld Larch, which arose more or less simultaneously in Switzerland and Scotland when L. decidua and L. kaempferi hybridised when planted together. Binomial name Larix decidua Mill. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ... Binomial name Larix gmelinii (Rupr. ... â€œSiberianâ€ redirects here. ... Binomial name Larix kaempferi (Lamb. ... Shanxi (Chinese: å±±è¥¿; Hanyu Pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Shan-hsi; Postal System Pinyin: Shansi) is a province in the northern part of the Peoples Republic of China. ... Hebei (Chinese: æ²³åŒ—; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: Ho-pei; Postal System Pinyin: Hopeh) is a northern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ... (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; Wade-Giles: SzÅ4-chuan1; Postal map spelling: Szechwan and Szechuan) is a province in the central-western China with its capital at Chengdu. ... Yunan redirects here. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... Yunan redirects here. ... Binomial name Larix griffithii Hook. ... Perspective view of the Himalaya and Mount Everest as seen from space looking south-south-east from over the Tibetan Plateau. ... The Siberian Larch, or Russian larch, (Larix sibirica) is a frost-hardy tree which occurs naturally in northeastern Russia and western Siberia. ... â€œSiberianâ€ redirects here. ... Binomial name Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch Uses Young tree with fall colors The wood is tough and durable, but also flexible in thin strips, and was used by the Algonquian people for making snowshoes and other products where toughness was required. ... North America North America is a continent[1] in the Earths northern hemisphere and (chiefly) western hemisphere. ... Binomial name Larix lyallii Parlatore Subalpine Larch (Larix lyallii), or simply Alpine Larch, is a coniferous tree native to northwestern North America. ... Binomial name Larix occidentalis Nutt. ... // This article is about a biological term. ...

Uses

Larch is a wood valued in for its tough, waterproof and durable qualities; top quality knot-free timber is in great demand for building yachts and other small boats. Larch has also been used in herbal medicine; see Bach flower remedies for details. For other uses, see Wood (disambiguation). ... Waterproof fabrics are usually natural or synthetic fabrics that are laminated to or coated in some sort of permanently waterproofing material, such as rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), silicone elastomer, and wax. ... This article or section needs copy editing for grammar, style, cohesion, tone and/or spelling. ... For other uses, see Boat (disambiguation). ... The term Herbalism refers to folk and traditional medicinal practice based on the use of plants and plant extracts. ... Bach flower remedies are dilutions of flower essences developed by Dr.Edward Bach. ...

In central Europe larch is viewed as one of the best wood materials for the building of residences. Planted on borders with birch, both tree species were used in pagan "sagged" cremations. One "sąg" (pron song) of wood was required for a cremation stack. Sąg is used today as a Polish forestry unit measuring approximately 3x1x1m. The crematorium at Haycombe Cemetery, Bath, England. ...

In Siberia young larch leaves are harvested in spring, preserved by lactobacillus fermentation, and used for salads during winter.

Larch is used as a food plant by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera which feed on Larches. A larval insect A larva (Latin; plural larvae) is a juvenile form of animal with indirect development, undergoing metamorphosis (for example, insects or amphibians). ... The order Lepidoptera is the second most speciose order in the class Insecta and includes the butterflies, moths and skippers. ... Larches (Larix spp) are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species including: Monophagous species which feed exclusively on Larix Coleophora case-bearers: (feeds on ) Polyphagous species which feed on Larix among other plants Autumnal Moth (Epirrita autumnata) Bordered White (Bupalis piniaria) Common Emerald (Hemithea...

The tree was a running gag in Monty Python sketches. Also Magnets. The running gag is a popular hallmark of comic and serious forms of entertainment. ... Monty Python, or The Pythons, is the collective name of the creators of Monty Pythons Flying Circus, a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on 5 October 1969. ... Magnetic lines of force of a bar magnet shown by iron filings on paper A magnet is an object that has a magnetic field. ...

Larches are often utilized in bonsai culture, where their knobby bark, small needles, fresh spring foliage and especially autumn colors are appreciated. Larix decidua, Larix kaempferi and Larix laricina are the species most commonly trained as bonsai. A bonsai trident maple growing in the root over rock style. ... Binomial name Larix decidua Mill. ... Binomial name Larix kaempferi (Lamb. ...

External links and references

Categories: Cleanup from May 2007 | All pages needing cleanup | Pinaceae The American Journal of Botany (ISSN 00029122) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal which includes research papers on all aspects of plant biology. ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... Genera Subfamily Pinoideae Pinus - pines (about 115 species) Subfamily Piceoideae Picea - spruces (about 35 species) Subfamily Laricoideae Cathaya (one species) Larix - larches (about 14 species) Pseudotsuga - douglas-firs (five species) Subfamily Abietoideae Abies - firs (about 50 species) Cedrus - cedars (two to four species) Pseudolarix - golden larch (one species) Keteleeria (three... Subgenera Subgenus Strobus Subgenus Ducampopinus Subgenus Pinus See Pinus classification for complete taxonomy to species level. ... Species About 35; see text. ... Species Cathaya argyrophylla Cathaya is a genus in family Pinaceae and has one known, living species, Cathaya argyrophylla. ... Species See text. ... FIR may stand for: finite impulse response (a property of some digital filters) far infrared, i. ... Species Cedrus deodara Cedrus libani var. ... Species Keteleeria davidiana Keteleeria evelyniana Keteleeria fortunei Keteleeria is a genus of three species of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae, related to the genera Nothotsuga and Pseudolarix. ... Binomial name Pseudolarix amabilis (Nelson) Rehder Pseudolarix is a monotypic genus in the family Pinaceae. ... Binomial name Nothotsuga longibracteata (W.C.Cheng) Hu ex C.N.Page Nothotsuga is a genus of coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae, in many respects intermediate between the genera Keteleeria and Tsuga. ... Species Eastern Hemlock Carolina Hemlock Taiwan Hemlock Northern Japanese Hemlock Himalayan Hemlock Forrests Hemlock Western Hemlock Mountain Hemlock Southern Japanese Hemlock Tsuga is a genus of conifers in the family Pinaceae. ...

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Uses

External links and references

Species and classification