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The Phoenicians established commercial outposts throughout the Mediterranean, the most notable being Carthage in North Africa, with others in Cyprus, Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Spain (the name Spain came from a Phoenician word, which means 'rabbit coast'), and elsewhere.
With the rise of Assyria, the Phoenician cities one by one lost their independence, and afterwards were dominated by Babylonia and then by Persia.
With the rise of ethnic nationalism in the 19th century and the destructive clashes of ethnicities in the Phoenician homeland during the 20th century, these theories of foreign or autochthonous ethnic origins of Phoenicians have tended to be misapplied to further modern agendas and sometimes have taken on rabid urgency.