Synthetic Fibers are the result of an extensive search by scientists to increase and improve upon the supply of naturally occurring animal and plant fibers that have been used in making cloth.
Common synthetic fibers include:
Rayon (1910) (a man made fiber, but in no sense a synthetic fiber)
industrial, automotive, and home insulation (Fiberglass)
reinforcement of composite and plastics
specialty papers in battery separators and filtration
Metallic fiber (1946) is used for:
adding metallic properties to clothing for the purpose of fashion (usually made with composite plastic and metal foils)
elimination and prevention of static charge build up
conducting electricity to transmit information
conduction of heat
Source:
The original source of this article and much of the synthetic fiber articles (copied with permission) is Whole Earth magazine, No. 90, Summer 1997. www.wholeearth.com
Inventory of Synthetic Fibers (http://www.wholeearthmag.com/ArticleBin/113.html)
For example, polyesterfibers and polyamide fibers may be used in combination, while formic acid, phenol or dimethyl sulfoxide is used as the solvent, to produce the guard hair-like raised fibers consisting of the undissolved polyesterfibers and the underfur-like raised fibers consisting of the partially dissolved and thus shortened polyamide fibers.
The staple fibers were blended with staple fibers (circular cross-section, monofilament fineness of 3 deniers, fiber length of 51 mm) made of an ethylene terephthalate polymer containing 5% by mole of copolymerized polyoxyethylene glycol (molecular weight of 600) at a ratio of 40:60.
Polyethylene terephthalate staple fibers were prepared as described in Example 3 for the preparation of the staple fibers A. A blend of modified polyethylene terephthalate containing 2.0% by mole of copolymerized sodium 3,5-di-(carboxy)-benzenesulfonate and having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.50, as measured in an o-chlorophenol solution at 35.degree.
The first to be developed was Orlon® acrylicfiber, a DuPont invention which proved an effective substitute for wool in sweaters, pile fabrics and carpeting.
Dacron® polyesterfiber, a British invention licensed by DuPont in the late 1940s, was briefly the company’s most profitable fiber when double-knits became fashionable in the early 1970s and was a steady seller as a component of wash-and-wear fabrics.
Synthetic textile fibers were generally produced in one of two ways.
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