Warsaw Warszawa
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Semper invicta (Always invincible)
Warsaw
Coordinates: 52°13′N 21°0′E / 52.217, 21
Country	Poland
Voivodeship	Masovian
County	city county
City rights	turn of the 13th century
Boroughs	18 dzielnicas Bemowo Białołęka Bielany Mokotów Ochota Praga North Praga South Rembertów Śródmieście Targówek Ursus Ursynów Wawer Wesoła Wilanów Włochy Wola Żoliborz
Government
- Mayor	Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz (PO)
Area
- City	517 km² (199.6 sq mi)
- Metro	6,100.43 km² (2,355.4 sq mi)
Elevation	100 m (328 ft)
Population (2006)
- City	1,700,536
- Density	3,289.2/km² (8,519.1/sq mi)
- Metro	3,350,000
- Metro Density	3,258/km² (8,438.2/sq mi)
Time zone	CET (UTC+1)
- Summer (DST)	CEST (UTC+2)
Postal code	00-001 to 04-999
Area code(s)	+48 22
Car plates	WA, WB, WD, WE, WF, WH, WI, WJ, WK, WN, WT, WU, WW, WX, WY
Website: http://www.um.warszawa.pl/

Warsaw (Polish: Warszawa [varˈʂava] ( listen); also known by other names) is the capital of Poland and its largest city. It is located on the Vistula River roughly 370 kilometers (230 mi) from both the Baltic Sea coast and the Carpathian Mountains. Its population as of 2006 was estimated at 1,700,536, with a metropolitan area of approximately 3,350,000. The city area is 516.9 square kilometers (199.6 sq mi), with an agglomeration of 6,100.43 square kilometers (2,355.4 sq mi) (Warsaw Metro Area — Obszar Metropolitalny Warszawy). Warsaw is the 8th largest city in the European Union. There are many places that bear the name of Warsaw. ... Warszawa can refer to: Warsaw, capital city of Poland Warszawa, a song written by David Bowie and Brian Eno off the album Low. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Warsaw. ... The flag of Warsaw The Flag of Warsaw is formed by two horizontal bands of equal width — Or (gold) on the top and Gules (red) on the bottom. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (600x770, 363 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Warsaw Coat of Arms of Warsaw ... Grand Coat of Arms of Warsaw Coat of Arms of Warsaw The Coat of Arms of Warsaw consists of a syrenka in a red field. ... For other uses, see Motto (disambiguation). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Red_pog2. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Poland. ... It has been suggested that Polish Voivodeships and Counties 1919-1939 - trivia be merged into this article or section. ... Geographical characteristics Area 35,579 km² Land km² Water km² Population Total (2003) 5,136,000 Density 144. ... A county (Polish: powiat, pronounced povyat; plural, powiaty) is the Polish third-level unit of administration, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture (NUTS-4 or rather LAU-1) in other countries. ... Local Authorities The Council of the Bemowo District of the City of Warsaw (PL: District Mayor WÅ‚odzimierz CaÅ‚ka Area 24,95 sq. ... Area 74 km² Population 64 010 (2003) Population density 865/km² Mayor Jerzy SmoczyÅ„ski Notable landmarks BiaÅ‚oÅ‚Ä™ka Website BiaÅ‚oÅ‚Ä™ka is a district in Warsaw located in the northern part of the city. ... Area 32,3 km² Population 136 485 (2003) Population density 4225,5/km² Mayor Cezary PomaraÅ„ski Notable landmarks Bielany Website This article is about district in Warsaw. ... Area 35,42 km² Population (2003) 221 000 Population density 6239,4 Mayor Ewa WÄ™gÅ‚owska Notable landmarks Polish Radio and Television, Pole Mokotowskie, School of Economics, Rakowiecka Street Prison Website Mokotow (pol. ... Area 9,7 km² Population 93 192 (2003) Population density 9 607/km² Mayor Maurycy Wojciech Komorowski Notable landmarks Ochota Website Ochota is a district in Warsaw located in the central part of the city. ... Area 11,4 km² Population 93 192 (2003) Population density 6 518/km² Mayor Robert Sosnowski Notable landmarks Praga Północ Website Praga Północ (English: ) is a district in Warsaw located in the central part of the city. ... Area 22,4 km² Population (2003) 180 000 Population density Mayor Tomasz KoziÅ„ski Notable landmarks Saska KÄ™pa architecture, Park Skaryszewski, Battle of Olszynka Grochowska battlefield Praga PoÅ‚udnie Website Praga PoÅ‚udnie is one of the boroughs of Warsaw located on the east bank of the Vistula River. ... Area 19,30 km² Population 21,893 Population density /km² Mayor Notable landmarks Rembertów Website Image:Warszawa Rembertów. ... Area 15. ... Area 24,37 km² Population 124 316 (2003) Population density 5 101/km² Mayor Romuald Gronkiewicz Notable landmarks Targówek Website Targówek is a district in Warsaw located in the northern part of the city. ... Area 9,35 km² Population 44 12 (2003) Population density 4 739/km² Mayor Maria Łukaszewicz Notable landmarks Ursus Website Ursus is one of the Warsawian districts. ... Area 44,6 km² Population 137 716 (2003) Population density 2726/km² Mayor Tomasz Mecina Notable landmarks J. Ursyn Niemcewicz park, 19th century SÅ‚użew fort, PAN botanical garden, SÅ‚użewiec horseracing track, Natolin palace, Kabaty Forest Ursynów Website Ursynów (pronounce: ) is the southernmost district of... Area 79,71 km² Population 62 656 (2003) Population density 786/km² Mayor Dariusz Godlewski Notable landmarks Wawer Website Wawer is one of the Warsawian districts, located in southern-eastern part of city. ... Area 22,6 km² Population 18 482 (2003) Population density 818/km² Mayor Jacek Wojciechowicz Notable landmarks WesoÅ‚a Website WesoÅ‚a is one of the Varsovian districts, and has been since October 27, 2002. ... Area 36,73 km² Population 14 032 (2003) Population density 355/km² Mayor Lech Skowron Notable landmarks Wilanów Palace, Poster Museum, palace park Wilanów Website Wilanów is a borough of the city of Warsaw, Poland. ... Area 28,63 km² Population 36 276 (2003) Population density 1 267/km² Mayor Dariusz Szeliga Notable landmarks Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport WÅ‚ochy Website WÅ‚ochy is one of the Warsawian districts, located in south-western part of city. ... Area 19,26 km² Population 143 996 (2003) Population density 7476/km² Mayor ZdzisÅ‚aw Sipiera Notable landmarks PowÄ…zki Cemetery Wola Website For other meanings of the word, see WOLA. Wola is a district in western Warsaw, Poland, formerly the village of Wielka Wola, incorporated into Warsaw in 1916. ... Area km² Population (2003) Population density Mayor Notable landmarks Website Warsaw Citadel and the Hibner park in Å»oliborz Å»oliborz is one of the northern boroughs of the city of Warsaw. ... Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz (born November 4, 1952 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician and since December 2, 2006 the President of Warsaw. ... Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska, PO), is a Christian-democratic and liberal-conservative Polish political party. ... This article is about the physical quantity. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (≈1,609 m) in length. ... Elevation histogram of the surface of the Earth – approximately 71% of the Earths surface is covered with water. ... This article is about the unit of length. ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Population density per square kilometre by country, 2006 Population density map of the world in 1994. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Timezone and TimeZone redirect here. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Time (CET) is one of the names of the time zone that is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Central European Time West Africa Time British Summer Time* Irish Summer Time* Western European Summer Time* Category: ... Although DST is common in Europe and North America, most of the worlds people do not use it. ... Time zones of Europe: Light colours indicate countries that do not observe summer time Central European Summer Time (CEST) is one of the names of UTC+2 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time. ... Eastern European Time Central Africa Time Israel Standard Time South Africa Standard Time Central European Summer Time West Africa Summer Time Category: ... A telephone numbering plan is a plan for allocating telephone number ranges to countries, regions, areas and exchanges and to non-fixed telephone networks such as mobile phone networks. ... // Introduction to this topic - includes background information for people living outside Poland Common to many countries - in fact there is a growing tendency to do so since the UK also began regionalising plates in 2002 - Poland has the region of registration of the vehicle encoded in the number plate. ... The purpose of this page is to lay out our policies for handling sounds, and give people some useful information for handling sound files. ... Not to be confused with capitol. ... For other uses, see City (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Vistula (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Baltic (disambiguation). ... Satellite image of the Carpathians. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... This list includes the most up-to-date official census figures or census estimates with regards to the population of the largest cities in the European Union. ...

Warsaw gave its name to the Warsaw Pact, Warsaw Convention, Treaty of Warsaw and the Warsaw Uprising. Not to be confused with the Warsaw Convention, which is an agreement about airlines financial liability and the Treaty of Warsaw (1970) between West Germany and the Peoples Republic of Poland. ... The Warsaw Convention is an international convention which regulates liability for international carriage of persons, luggage or goods performed by aircraft for reward. ... The Treaty of Warsaw is a treaty between West Germany and the Peoples Republic of Poland. ... For other uses, see Warsaw Uprising (disambiguation). ...

Etymology

An older spelling of Warsaw in Polish is Warszewa or Warszowa, meaning "owned by Warsz". Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman Wars and his wife Sawa.^[1] Actually, Warsz was a nobleman (12th/13th century) who owned a village located at the site of today's Mariensztat neighbourhood.^[2] Folk etymology is a term used in two distinct ways: A commonly held misunderstanding of the origin of a particular word, a false etymology. ...

The official city name in full is The Capital City of Warsaw (Polish: Miasto Stołeczne Warszawa). Warsaw has been known in Latin as Varsovia. A native or resident of Warsaw is called Varsovian. See wiktionary:Warsaw for the name in other languages. For other uses, see Latins and Latin (disambiguation). ...

Geography

Location

Warsaw straddles the Vistula River. It is located in the heartland of the Masovian Plain, and its average altitude is 100 metres (330 ft) above sea level, although there are some hills (mostly artificial) located within the confines of the city. In finance, a straddle is an investment strategy involving the purchase or sale of particular derivatives. ... For other uses, see Vistula (disambiguation). ... Masovian Plain (Polish: ) is a large geographical region in central Poland, roughly covering the historical region of Masovia. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ...

Climate

Warsaw's climate is continental humid. The average temperature is −2 °C (28 °F) in January and 18 °C (64 °F) in July. Temperatures may often reach 30 °C (86 °F) in the summer. Yearly rainfall averages 680 millimeters (26.8 in), the most rainy month being July. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Districts

Warsaw is a powiat (county), and is further divided into 18 boroughs, each one known as a dzielnica (map), each one with its own administrative body. Each of the boroughs includes several neighbourhoods which have no legal or administrative status. The best known neighbourhoods are the Old Town (Stare Miasto) and New Town (Nowe Miasto) in the borough of Śródmieście.^{[citation needed]} A county (Polish: powiat, pronounced povyat; plural, powiaty) is the Polish third-level unit of administration, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture (NUTS-4 or rather LAU-1) in other countries. ... Panorama: Old Town Market Place, Warsaw (Rynek Starego Miasta). ... The New Town in 1784 The New Town Market Square Warsaws New Town is a neighbourhood dating from the 15th century. ... Area 15. ...

Districts of Warsaw (since 2002)

Old Town

Image File history File links Warszawa_podzial_administracyjny_2002. ... Image File history File links Warszawa_podzial_administracyjny_2002. ... Image File history File links 4_Warszawa_23. ... Image File history File links 4_Warszawa_23. ... Panorama: Old Town Market Place, Warsaw (Rynek Starego Miasta). ... Area 35,42 km² Population (2003) 221 000 Population density 6239,4 Mayor Ewa WÄ™gÅ‚owska Notable landmarks Polish Radio and Television, Pole Mokotowskie, School of Economics, Rakowiecka Street Prison Website Mokotow (pol. ... Area 22,4 km² Population (2003) 180 000 Population density Mayor Tomasz KoziÅ„ski Notable landmarks Saska KÄ™pa architecture, Park Skaryszewski, Battle of Olszynka Grochowska battlefield Praga PoÅ‚udnie Website Praga PoÅ‚udnie is one of the boroughs of Warsaw located on the east bank of the Vistula River. ... Area 44,6 km² Population 137 716 (2003) Population density 2726/km² Mayor Tomasz Mecina Notable landmarks J. Ursyn Niemcewicz park, 19th century SÅ‚użew fort, PAN botanical garden, SÅ‚użewiec horseracing track, Natolin palace, Kabaty Forest Ursynów Website Ursynów (pronounce: ) is the southernmost district of... Area 19,26 km² Population 143 996 (2003) Population density 7476/km² Mayor ZdzisÅ‚aw Sipiera Notable landmarks PowÄ…zki Cemetery Wola Website For other meanings of the word, see WOLA. Wola is a district in western Warsaw, Poland, formerly the village of Wielka Wola, incorporated into Warsaw in 1916. ... Area 32,3 km² Population 136 485 (2003) Population density 4225,5/km² Mayor Cezary PomaraÅ„ski Notable landmarks Bielany Website This article is about district in Warsaw. ... Area 15. ... Area 24,37 km² Population 124 316 (2003) Population density 5 101/km² Mayor Romuald Gronkiewicz Notable landmarks Targówek Website Targówek is a district in Warsaw located in the northern part of the city. ... Local Authorities The Council of the Bemowo District of the City of Warsaw (PL: District Mayor WÅ‚odzimierz CaÅ‚ka Area 24,95 sq. ... Area 9,7 km² Population 93 192 (2003) Population density 9 607/km² Mayor Maurycy Wojciech Komorowski Notable landmarks Ochota Website Ochota is a district in Warsaw located in the central part of the city. ... Area 74 km² Population 64 010 (2003) Population density 865/km² Mayor Jerzy SmoczyÅ„ski Notable landmarks BiaÅ‚oÅ‚Ä™ka Website BiaÅ‚oÅ‚Ä™ka is a district in Warsaw located in the northern part of the city. ... Area 11,4 km² Population 93 192 (2003) Population density 6 518/km² Mayor Robert Sosnowski Notable landmarks Praga Północ Website Praga Północ (English: ) is a district in Warsaw located in the central part of the city. ... Area 79,71 km² Population 62 656 (2003) Population density 786/km² Mayor Dariusz Godlewski Notable landmarks Wawer Website Wawer is one of the Warsawian districts, located in southern-eastern part of city. ... Area km² Population (2003) Population density Mayor Notable landmarks Website Warsaw Citadel and the Hibner park in Å»oliborz Å»oliborz is one of the northern boroughs of the city of Warsaw. ... Area 9,35 km² Population 44 12 (2003) Population density 4 739/km² Mayor Maria Łukaszewicz Notable landmarks Ursus Website Ursus is one of the Warsawian districts. ... Area 28,63 km² Population 36 276 (2003) Population density 1 267/km² Mayor Dariusz Szeliga Notable landmarks Warsaw Frederic Chopin Airport WÅ‚ochy Website WÅ‚ochy is one of the Warsawian districts, located in south-western part of city. ... Area 19,30 km² Population 21,893 Population density /km² Mayor Notable landmarks Rembertów Website Image:Warszawa Rembertów. ... Area 22,6 km² Population 18 482 (2003) Population density 818/km² Mayor Jacek Wojciechowicz Notable landmarks WesoÅ‚a Website WesoÅ‚a is one of the Varsovian districts, and has been since October 27, 2002. ... Area 36,73 km² Population 14 032 (2003) Population density 355/km² Mayor Lech Skowron Notable landmarks Wilanów Palace, Poster Museum, palace park Wilanów Website Wilanów is a borough of the city of Warsaw, Poland. ...

History

Main article: History of Warsaw

Adam Mickiewicz monument, about 1900

City Hall, about 1900

St. Alexander's Church, about 1900

The first fortified settlements on the site of today's Warsaw were Bródno (9th/10th century) and Jazdów (12th/13th century). After Jazdów was raided, a new similar settlement was established on the site of a small fishing village called Warszowa. In the beginning of the 14th century it became one of the seats of the Dukes of Masovia, becoming the capital of Masovia in 1413. Upon the extinction of the local ducal line, the duchy was reincorporated into the Polish Crown in 1526. In 1529 Warsaw for the first time became the seat of the General Sejm, permanent since 1569. In 1573 Warsaw gave its name to the Warsaw Confederation, formally establishing religious freedom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Adam Mickiewicz. ... Bródno is a neighbourhood in the Warsaws borough of Targówek, located on the eastern side of the Vistula. ... The castle as seen from the Royal Canal below. ... Seal of the Duchy of Masovia. ... This article is about the country in Europe. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... The Warsaw Confederation (January 28, 1573), an important development in the history of Poland and Lithuania, is considered the formal beginning of religious freedom in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. ...

Due to its central location between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's capitals of Kraków and Vilnius, Warsaw became the capital of the Commonwealth and at the same time of the Polish Crown in 1596, when King Sigismund III Vasa moved the court from Kraków. Warsaw remained the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1795, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia to become the capital of the province of South Prussia. Liberated by Napoleon's army in 1807, Warsaw was made the capital of the newly created Duchy of Warsaw. Following the Congress of Vienna of 1815, Warsaw became the centre of the Congress Poland, a constitutional monarchy under a personal union with Imperial Russia. The Royal University of Warsaw was established in 1816. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... For other uses, see Krakow (disambiguation). ... Not to be confused with Vilnius city municipality. ... This article is about the country in Europe. ... Sigismund III Vasa (Polish: ) (20 June 1566 – 30 April 1632 N.S.) was King of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1587 to 1632, and King of Sweden (where he was known simply as Sigismund) from 1592 until he was deposed in 1599. ... For other uses, see Krakow (disambiguation). ... Anthem Preußenlied, Heil dir im Siegerkranz (both unofficial) The Kingdom of Prussia at its greatest extent, at the time of the formation of the German Empire, 1871 Capital Berlin Government Monarchy King  - 1701 — 1713 Frederick I (first)  - 1888 — 1918 William II (last) Prime minister  - 1848 Adolf Heinrich von Arnim... South Prussia (1793-1806) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia, created in Greater Poland after the second partition of Poland (1793). ... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... Coat of arms Map of the Duchy of Warsaw after 1809. ... The Congress of Vienna by Jean-Baptiste Isabey, 1819. ... Map of Congress Poland. ... Imperial Russia is the term used to cover the period of history from the expansion of Russia under Peter the Great, through the expansion of the Russian Empire from the Baltic Sea to the Pacific Ocean, to the deposal of Nicholas II of Russia, the last tsar, at the start...

Following the repeated violations of the Polish constitution by the Russians, the 1830 November Uprising broke out. However, the Polish-Russian war of 1831 ended in the uprising's defeat and in the curtailment of the Kingdom's autonomy. On 27 February 1861 a Warsaw crowd protesting the Russian rule over Poland was fired upon by the Russian troops. Five people were killed. The Underground Polish National Government resided in Warsaw during January Uprising in 1863–4. Coat-of-arms of the November Uprising. ... is the 58th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1861 (MDCCCLXI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Polish National Government 1863-1864- underground Polish supreme authority during January Uprising against Russian occupation of Poland. ... Polonia (Poland), 1863, by Jan Matejko, 1864, oil on canvas, 156 × 232 cm, National Museum, Kraków. ...

Warsaw flourished in the late nineteenth century under Mayor Sokrates Starynkiewicz (1875–92), a Russian-born general appointed by Tsar Alexander III. Under Starynkiewicz Warsaw saw its first water and sewer systems designed and built by the English engineer William Lindley and his son, William Heerlein Lindley, as well as the expansion and modernization of trams, street lighting and gas works. Sokrates Starynkiewicz Sokrates Starynkiewicz (1820-1902) was a Russian general and the President of Warsaw between 1875 and 1892. ... Alexander III Alexandrovich (10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894) (Russian: Александр III Александрович) reigned as Emperor of Russia from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894. ... William Lindley (September 7, 1808 - May 22, 1900), was a famous British engineer who together with his sons designed water and sewerage systems for over 30 cities across Europe. ... William Heerlein Lindley (1853 - 1917). ... A modern tram in the Töölö district of Helsinki, Finland A tram (or tramway, trolley, streetcar, tramcar, Straßenbahn) is a railborne vehicle (lighter than a train) for transport of passengers (or, occasionally, freight). ... A streetlight in front of a red sky at night A street light, also known as a light standard, is a raised light on the edge of a road, turned on or lit at a certain time every night. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ...

Warsaw became the capital of the newly independent Poland in 1918. In the course of the Polish-Bolshevik War of 1920, the huge Battle of Warsaw was fought on the Eastern outskirts of the city in which the capital was successfully defended and the Red Army defeated. Polish-Bolshevik War Conflict Polish-Bolshevik War Date 1919–1921 Place Central and Eastern Europe Result Polish victory The Polish-Soviet War (also known as the Polish-Bolshevik War or the Polish-Russian War) was the war (February 1919 – March 1921) that determined the borders between the Russian Soviet Federated... The Battle of Warsaw (sometimes referred to as the Miracle at the Vistula, Polish Cud nad WisÅ‚Ä…) was the decisive battle of the Polish-Soviet War, the war that began soon after the end of World War I in 1918 and lasted until the Treaty of Riga in 1921. ... For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ...

During World War II 85% of buildings in Warsaw were destroyed

During the Second World War central Poland, including Warsaw, came under the rule of the General Government, a Nazi colonial administration. All higher education institutions were immediately closed and Warsaw's entire Jewish population — several hundred thousand, some 30% of the city — herded into the Warsaw Ghetto. When the order came to annihilate the Ghetto as part of Hitler's "final solution" on April 19, 1943, Jewish fighters launched the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. Despite being heavily outgunned and outnumbered, the Ghetto held out for almost a month. When the fighting ended, almost all survivors were massacred, only few managed to escape or hide. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 728 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1000 × 824 pixel, file size: 710 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 728 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1000 × 824 pixel, file size: 710 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The failure of the Warsaw Uprising and subsequent Capitulation agreement left Warsaw almost uninhabited. ... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The General Government (in full General government for the occupied Polish areas, in German Generalgouvernement für die besetzten polnischen Gebiete) was the name given by Germany to the governing authority in Poland after its occupation by the Wehrmacht in September and October 1939. ... Nazism in history Nazi ideology Nazism and race Outside Germany Related subjects Lists Politics Portal         Nazism or National Socialism (German: Nationalsozialismus), refers primarily to the ideology and practices of the Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers Party, German: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) under Adolf Hitler. ... Monument to the Ghetto Heroes in Warsaw The Warsaw Ghetto was the largest of the Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany in Warsaw, former capital of Poland in the General Government during the Holocaust in World War II. Between 1941 and 1943, starvation, disease and deportations to concentration camps and... Hitler redirects here. ... This article is about the term with respect to the Jewish Question in World War II. For other uses, see Final Solution (disambiguation). ... Belligerents Germany (Waffen-SS, SD, OrPo, Gestapo, Wehrmacht) Collaborators (Arajs Kommando, Blue Police, Jewish Police, Lithuanian Police) Jewish resistance (Å»OB, Å»ZW) Polish resistance (AK, GL) Commanders Franz Bürkl Ludwig Hahn Odilo Globocnik Friedrich Krüger Ferdinand von Sammern-Frankenegg Jürgen Stroop Mordechaj Anielewicz† Dawid Apfelbaum† Icchak Cukierman Marek...

Historical buildings reconstructed after WW II, 2006

By July 1944 the Red Army was deep into Polish territory pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw. Knowing that Stalin was hostile to the idea of an independent Poland, the Polish government-in-exile based in London gave orders to the underground Home Army (AK) to try to seize the control of Warsaw from the Nazis just before the Red Army's arrival. Thus, on 1 August 1944, as the Soviet army was nearing the city very fast, the Home Army and the civilian population started the Warsaw Uprising. The armed struggle, planned to last 48 hours, went on for 63 days, and eventually the Home Army fighters were forced to capitulate. They were transported to the POW camps in Germany, while the entire civilian population was expelled. Hitler, ignoring the agreed terms of the capitulation, ordered the entire city to be razed to the ground, and the library and museum collections taken to Germany or burned. About 85% of the city had been destroyed, including the historic Old Town and the Royal Castle. After the war, large prefabricated housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage. The city resumed its role as the capital of Poland and the country's centre of political and economic life. Many of the historic streets, buildings, and churches were restored to their original form. In 1980 Warsaw's historic Old Town was inscribed onto UNESCO's World Heritage list. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other organizations known as the Red Army, see Red Army (disambiguation). ... Iosif (usually anglicized as Joseph) Vissarionovich Stalin (Russian: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин), original name Ioseb Jughashvili (Georgian: იოსებ ჯუღაშვილი; see Other names section) (December 21, 1879[1] – March 5, 1953) was a Bolshevik revolutionary and leader of the Soviet Union. ... The Government of the Polish Republic in exile maintained a continuous existence in exile from the time of the German occupation of Poland in September 1939 until the end of the Communist rule in Poland in 1990. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... Armia Krajowa (the Home Army), abbreviated AK, was the dominant Polish resistance movement in World War II German-occupied Poland. ... National Socialism redirects here. ... is the 213th day of the year (214th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For other meanings of Home Army see: Home Army (disambiguation) The Armia Krajowa or AK (Home Army) functioned as the pre-eminent underground military organization in German-occupied Poland, which functioned in all areas of the country from September 1939 until its disbanding in January 1945. ... For other uses, see Warsaw Uprising (disambiguation). ... Geneva Convention definition A prisoner of war (POW) is a soldier, sailor, airman, or marine who is imprisoned by an enemy power during or immediately after an armed conflict. ... Prefabrication is the practice of manufacturing the parts of an assembly in one location, ready for them to be assembled in another place. ... Public housing describes a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... Elabana Falls is in Lamington National Park, part of the Central Eastern Rainforest Reserves World Heritage site in Queensland, Australia. ...

In 1995 the Warsaw Metro opened, and with the entry of Poland into the European Union in 2004, Warsaw is currently experiencing the biggest economic boom of its history. The opening match of the UEFA Euro 2012 is scheduled to take place in Warsaw. Warsaw Metro logo The Warsaw Metro map, showing the plans for the completion of the north-south Line 1, as well as the future Lines 2 and 3 One of the variants of the 2nd and 3rd lines from the mid-1980s The Warsaw Metro (Polish: Metro Warszawskie) is one... The UEFA Euro 2012, commonly referred to as Euro 2012, will be the 14th European Championship for national football teams sanctioned by UEFA. Poland and Ukraine will be the host nations of the final tournament, scheduled for the summer of 2012, following the election of their joint-bid by UEFA...

1573

1617

1656

1770

Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 800 × 341 pixelsFull resolution (1200 × 512 pixel, file size: 281 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Warsaw in 1656 from Kujawska dlibra-no copyright Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional original works cannot attract copyright in the U.S. according to the rule... Image File history File links Warszawa5. ...

Demographics

Warsaw has historically been a destination of internal and foreign immigration, especially from Eastern Europe. For nearly 300 years it was known as the Paris of Eastern Europe. Demographically it was the most diverse city in Poland, with as much as 20% of its population being either Jewish Poles or foreign born. World War II changed all of this, and to this day there is much less ethnic diversity than in the previous 300 years of the city's history. Most of the modern day population growth is based on internal migration and urbanization.

Population 1880–2006

Comparison of modern city's boundaries with those of 1939

Image File history File links Poland_Warsaw_boundaries_1939_and_2005. ... Image File history File links Poland_Warsaw_boundaries_1939_and_2005. ...

Municipal government

Belweder

Rococo Branicki Palace houses city government.

Image File history File links 5_Warszawa_083. ... Image File history File links 5_Warszawa_083. ... Belweder Palace (view from the street). ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2616 × 1960 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 599 pixelsFull resolution (2616 × 1960 pixel, file size: 3. ... A style of 18th century French art and interior design, Rococo style rooms were designed as total works of art with elegant and ornate furniture, small sculptures, ornamental mirrors, and tapestry complementing architecture, reliefs, and wall paintings. ... Branicki Palace in Warsaw - courtyard Wing of Branicki Palace facing the Miodowa Street, with profuse rococo decorations The Branicki Palace (Polish: Pałac Branickich) is a notable 18th-century magnates mansion in Warsaw, Poland. ...

The mayor (the President of Warsaw)

Main article: President of Warsaw

According to the Warsaw Act (Ustawa warszawska) of October 27, 2002, the President of Warsaw carries out the executive duties in the city. The president's prerogative is, among others, governing the city-owned property that constitutes a major part of the city. The current President of Warsaw is Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz. President of Warsaw is the head of the capital of Poland and counterpart of a mayor in smaller Polish and foreign cities. ... is the 300th day of the year (301st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz (born November 4, 1952 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician and since December 2, 2006 the President of Warsaw. ...

Municipal government

The Warsaw Act abolished all the former counties around Warsaw and formed one city powiat with a unified municipal government. A county (Polish: powiat, pronounced povyat; plural, powiaty) is the Polish third-level unit of administration, equivalent to a county, district or prefecture (NUTS-4 or rather LAU-1) in other countries. ...

Legislative power in Warsaw is vested in a unicameral Warsaw City Council (Rada Miasta), which comprises 60 members. Council members are elected directly every four years. Like most legislative bodies, the City Council divides itself into committees which have the oversight of various functions of the city government. Bills passed by a simple majority are sent to the mayor (the President of Warsaw), who may sign them into law. If the mayor vetoes a bill, the Council has 30 days to override the veto by a two-thirds majority vote. Unicameralism is the practice of having only one legislative or parliamentary chamber. ... Warsaw City Council (Polish: ) is a unicameral governing body of the city of Warsaw, the capital of Poland. ...

Each of the 18 separate city districts has its own council (Rada dzielnicy). Their duties are focused on aiding the President and the City Council, as well as supervising various municipal companies, city-owned property and schools. The head of each of the District Councils is named the Mayor (Burmistrz) and is elected by the local council from the candidates proposed by the President of Warsaw.

Politics

Main article: Members of Sejm from Warsaw constituency

The Sejm building

As the capital of Poland, Warsaw is the political centre of the country. All state agencies are located there, including the Polish Parliament, the Presidential Office and the Supreme Court. In the Polish parliament the city and the area are represented by 31 MPs (out of 460). Additionally, Warsaw elects two MEPs. As the capital of Poland, Warsaw is the political centre of the country. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 345 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (1600 × 1200 pixel, file size: 345 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) File historyClick on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... Following are the successive heads of state of Poland. ... The Sejm building in Warsaw. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP)[1] is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ...

Transport

Although many streets were widened, and new ones created, during rebuilding of Warsaw in 1950s, the city is currently plagued with traffic problems.^{[citation needed]}. Public transport in Warsaw is ubiquitous, serving the city with buses, tramways, and metro. For other uses, see Warsaw (disambiguation) and Warszawa (disambiguation). ... Autobus redirects here. ... This article refers to public transport vehicles running on rails. ... Warsaw Metro logo The Warsaw Metro map, showing the plans for the completion of the north-south Line 1, as well as the future Lines 2 and 3 One of the variants of the 2nd and 3rd lines from the mid-1980s The Warsaw Metro (Polish: Metro Warszawskie) is one...

Roads and highways

Warsaw