Health Stats: compare key data on Germany & Nigeria

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Human height > Average female height: Average female height.
Human height > Average male height: Average male height.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Quality of health care system > Cost: Cost to you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Cost to you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Quality of health care system > Health care system index: Health Care Index is an estimation of the overall quality of the health care system, health care professionals, equipment, staff, doctors, cost, etc.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered: Civil registration coverage of deaths (%).
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
Human height > Stature ratio (male to female ratio): Ratio of average height of males to average height of females.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff: Skill and competency of medical staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the skill and competency of the local medical staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate: An estimate of the percentage of adults (aged 15-49) living with HIV/AIDS. The adult prevalence rate is calculated by dividing the estimated number of adults living with HIV/AIDS at yearend by the total adult population at yearend.
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times: Responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment: Equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Does hospitals have equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports: Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied you with the accuracy and completeness in filling out reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports: Speed in completing examination and reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Speed in completing examination and reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff: Friendliness and courtesy of the staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Friendliness and courtesy of the staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Tobacco > Total adult smokers: Total adults smoking
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight: Percentage of all children under 5 that are moderately or severely underweight.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location: Convenience of location for you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Convenience of location for you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy: Percentage of pregnant women who received at least one visit by a doctor or other highly specialized care provider.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Diseases > Obesity > Female obesity rate: Percentage of females older than 14 who are obese, meaning their Body Mass Index (BMI) exceeds 30.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Diseases > Cholera cases: Total number of cholera cases reported in the country.
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million: Total adults smoking. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men): Percentage of males aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Smoking rate > Women: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women ages 15 and over who smoke any form of tobacco, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, and excluding smokeless tobacco. Data include daily and non-daily smoking."
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate: Percentage of live births that are delivered through a cesarean section, more commonly referred to as a c-section.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Tobacco > Male smoking rate: Male [%].
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Diseases > Measles cases: Number of reported measles cases.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate: Female [%].
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women): Percentage of females aged over 15 years who are obese. The World Health Organization defines obesity as a body mass index over 30. The average BMI is 18.5 to 24.9.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49: People living with HIV/AIDS, women (age 15-49)
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Caesarian birth rate: Percent of births delivered by caesarean section.
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Diseases > Cholera cases per million people: Total number of cholera cases reported in the country. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases: Tuberculosis treatment success rate is the percentage of new, registered smear-positive (infectious) cases that were cured or in which a full course of treatment was completed."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health are funds or services in kind that are provided by entities not part of the country in question. The resources may come from international organisations, other countries through bilateral arrangements, or foreign nongovernmental organisations. These resources are part of total health expenditure."
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total: Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions include infectious and parasitic diseases, respiratory infections, and nutritional deficiencies such as underweight and stunting.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Nutrition > Prevalence of overweight > % of children under 5: Prevalence of overweight children is the percentage of children under age 5 whose weight for height is more than two standard deviations above the median for the international reference population of the corresponding age as established by the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Bird Flu > H5N1 > Recent animal cases: Recent outbreaks of avain influenza (H5N1) in birds. NOTE: this report only covers the period of 23 Jan. 2006 to 23 Feb. 2006.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Life expectancy > 95% range: 95% range.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %: Pregnant women receiving prenatal care (%). Pregnant women receiving prenatal care are the percentage of women attended at least once during pregnancy by skilled health personnel for reasons related to pregnancy.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Nutrition > Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition is the percentage of children under age 5 whose height for age (stunting) is more than two standard deviations below the median for the international reference population ages 0-59 months. For children up to two years old height is measured by recumbent length. For older children height is measured by stature while standing. The data are based on the WHO's new child growth standards released in 2006.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population with HIV.
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Youth rates are as a percentage of the relevant age group.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases."
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Public health spending > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI: Compares the ratio of male to female BMI by countries, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total: Births attended by skilled health staff are the percentage of deliveries attended by personnel trained to give the necessary supervision, care, and advice to women during pregnancy, labor, and the postpartum period; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns."
Cause of death, by injury > % of total: Cause of death, by injury (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Injuries include unintentional and intentional injuries.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of total health expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."

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STAT	Germany	Nigeria
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	8.4 per 1,000 people Ranked 179th.	40.51 per 1,000 people Ranked 20th. 5 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	30.3 Ranked 16th. 2% more than Nigeria	29.8 Ranked 6th.
Births and maternity > Future births	492.7 Ranked 51st.	14,290.93 Ranked 2nd. 29 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.76% Ranked 191st.	2.18% Ranked 7th. 24% more than Germany
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	8.9 per 1,000 people Ranked 2nd. 5 times more than Nigeria	1.67 per 1,000 people Ranked 97th.
Human height > Average female height	1.650 m (5 ft 5 in)	1.578 m (5 ft 2 in)
Human height > Average male height	1.780 m (5 ft 10 in)	1.638 m (5 ft 4 ⁄ 2 in)
Life expectancy > Men	78 years Ranked 16th. 50% more than Nigeria	52 years Ranked 74th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	80.07 years Ranked 26th. 68% more than Nigeria	47.56 years Ranked 214th.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	83.2 Ranked 23th. 60% more than Nigeria	52.02 Ranked 187th.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	78.4 Ranked 21st. 52% more than Nigeria	51.42 Ranked 184th.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	80.74 Ranked 24th. 56% more than Nigeria	51.71 Ranked 186th.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	3.4 per 1,000 people Ranked 15th. 12 times more than Nigeria	0.28 per 1,000 people Ranked 48th.
Quality of health care system > Cost	67.5 Ranked 22nd. 35% more than Nigeria	50 Ranked 17th.
Quality of health care system > Health care system index	75.64 Ranked 10th. 50% more than Nigeria	50.42 Ranked 18th.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	79.2% Ranked 25th. 88% more than Nigeria	42.1% Ranked 126th.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	135 Ranked 79th.	158 Ranked 32nd. 17% more than Germany
Infant mortality rate > Total	3.54 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 202nd.	91.54 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 9th. 26 times more than Germany
Deaths > Percent deaths registered	90-100	<25
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	1.36 births per woman Ranked 157th.	5.5 births per woman Ranked 22nd. 4 times more than Germany
Infant mortality rate	4.2 Ranked 170th.	70.49 Ranked 33th. 17 times more than Germany
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	0.819 per 1,000 people Ranked 5th.	26.73 per 1,000 people Ranked 18th. 33 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	3.4 Ranked 169th.	77.8 Ranked 9th. 23 times more than Germany
Life expectancy > Women	83 years Ranked 15th. 57% more than Nigeria	53 years Ranked 79th.
Human height > Stature ratio (male to female ratio)	1.08 Ranked 2nd. 4% more than Nigeria	1.04 Ranked 2nd.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff	78.5 Ranked 7th. 43% more than Nigeria	55 Ranked 16th.
HIV AIDS > Adult prevalence rate	0.1% Ranked 107th.	3.6% Ranked 17th. 36 times more than Germany
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times	64.89 Ranked 8th. 62% more than Nigeria	40 Ranked 15th.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	8.3 Ranked 6th. 17 times more than Nigeria	0.5 Ranked 57th.
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	25.32 Ranked 47th. 11% more than Nigeria	22.88 Ranked 122nd.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	67,000 Ranked 50th.	3.3 million Ranked 2nd. 49 times more than Germany
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	9.76 births Ranked 157th.	136.66 births Ranked 16th. 14 times more than Germany
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	89.3% Ranked 17th. Twice as much as Nigeria	44.6% Ranked 136th.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment	100 Ranked 3rd. 4 times more than Nigeria	25 Ranked 22nd.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	3,521.4$ Ranked 10th. 153 times more than Nigeria	23$ Ranked 154th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$4,874.99 Ranked 14th. 61 times more than Nigeria	$79.56 Ranked 144th.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	8.2 Ranked 13th.	113 Ranked 8th. 14 times more than Germany
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports	77.6 Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Nigeria	30 Ranked 22nd.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	5.6 Ranked 186th.	108 Ranked 66th. 19 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	8.3 Ranked 53th.	40.6 Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	7 per 100,000 live births Ranked 158th.	630 per 100,000 live births Ranked 9th. 90 times more than Germany
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	3.48 Ranked 17th. 9 times more than Nigeria	0.4 Ranked 4th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	19,459.16 Ranked 92nd.	63,220.77 Ranked 43th. 3 times more than Germany
Death rates > Children under 5	4.2 Ranked 161st.	137.9 Ranked 17th. 33 times more than Germany
Death rates > Women	55.65 Ranked 159th.	382.32 Ranked 14th. 7 times more than Germany
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports	72.45 Ranked 11th. 11% more than Nigeria	65 Ranked 7th.
Death rates > Men	106.92 Ranked 152nd.	406.37 Ranked 13th. 4 times more than Germany
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	500 Ranked 60th.	7,600 Ranked 3rd. 15 times more than Germany
HIV AIDS > Deaths	660 Ranked 76th.	220,000 Ranked 2nd. 333 times more than Germany
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff	70.65 Ranked 19th. 3% more than Nigeria	68.75 Ranked 7th.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	110 Ranked 135th.	190 Ranked 88th. 73% more than Germany
Tobacco > Total adult smokers	35% Ranked 33th. 4 times more than Nigeria	8.6% Ranked 113th.
Births and maternity > Number of births	677,947 Ranked 12th.	5.97 million Ranked 1st. 9 times more than Germany
Hunger and malnutrition > Children > Small children underweight	1.1% Ranked 34th.	26.7% Ranked 2nd. 24 times more than Germany
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	78.93 years Ranked 27th. 80% more than Nigeria	43.83 years Ranked 169th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.008 per 1,000 people Ranked 95th.	2.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 21st. 288 times more than Germany
Life expectancy > Male	77.63 Ranked 20th. 64% more than Nigeria	47.41 Ranked 172nd.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	11.38 Ranked 10th. 7 times more than Nigeria	1.6 Ranked 88th.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location	81.63 Ranked 8th. 17% more than Nigeria	70 Ranked 13th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	1.59 trillion Ranked 49th.	10.67 trillion Ranked 18th. 7 times more than Germany
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	0.818 Ranked 105th.	21.24 Ranked 18th. 26 times more than Germany
Death rates > Infants	3.5 Ranked 160th.	85.8 Ranked 16th. 25 times more than Germany
Life expectancy at birth > Female	82.44 years Ranked 35th. 70% more than Nigeria	48.41 years Ranked 212th.
Life expectancy > Female	82.67 Ranked 19th. 71% more than Nigeria	48.43 Ranked 178th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	60 Ranked 35th. 15% more than Nigeria	52 Ranked 100th.
Births and maternity > Antenatal care > Mothers getting 1+ visit during pregnancy	100% Ranked 2nd. 73% more than Nigeria	57.7% Ranked 30th.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	2,817 Ranked 8th. 66 times more than Nigeria	43 Ranked 171st.
Spending > Per person	2,697 Ranked 7th. 90 times more than Nigeria	30 Ranked 95th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	6.11 Ranked 112th.	77.48 Ranked 51st. 13 times more than Germany
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.2% Ranked 101st.	3.7% Ranked 17th. 19 times more than Germany
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	99% Ranked 5th. 39% more than Nigeria	71% Ranked 168th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male	77.82 years Ranked 25th. 66% more than Nigeria	46.76 years Ranked 214th.
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	81.8 years Ranked 19th. 86% more than Nigeria	44 years Ranked 169th.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(82.60-83.10)	(58.20-62.90)
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	71.8 Ranked 14th. 73% more than Nigeria	41.5 Ranked 162nd.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	199 Ranked 154th.	417 Ranked 54th. 2 times more than Germany
Diseases > Obesity > Female obesity rate	12% Ranked 9th. Twice as much as Nigeria	6% Ranked 13th.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	7.99 Ranked 16th. 5 times more than Nigeria	1.61 Ranked 3rd.
Health spending per capita	4,209.18 Ranked 14th. 57 times more than Nigeria	74.25 Ranked 125th.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	23.46 Ranked 72nd. 8% more than Nigeria	21.77 Ranked 125th.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	76.2 years Ranked 27th. 75% more than Nigeria	43.66 years Ranked 166th.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	5 Ranked 145th.	196 Ranked 25th. 39 times more than Germany
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	28 Ranked 177th.	109 Ranked 43th. 4 times more than Germany
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.00801 Ranked 94th.	1.42 Ranked 18th. 177 times more than Germany
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	85.15 Ranked 22nd. 2 times more than Nigeria	39.2 Ranked 167th.
Drug access	95% Ranked 3rd.	0.0 Ranked 161st.
Infant mortality > Female babies	4.4 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 178th.	110.1 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 12th. 25 times more than Germany
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	429 Ranked 164th.	909 Ranked 26th. 2 times more than Germany
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	92 Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Nigeria	41.91 Ranked 170th.
Diseases > Cholera cases	2 Ranked 46th.	1,661 Ranked 15th. 831 times more than Germany
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$3,587.82 Ranked 11th. 27 times more than Nigeria	$131.05 Ranked 124th.
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	27.17 Ranked 23th. 13% more than Nigeria	23.98 Ranked 112th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	79 Ranked 15th. 76% more than Nigeria	45 Ranked 170th.
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million	0.424% Ranked 101st. 7 times more than Nigeria	0.0616% Ranked 112th.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	8.29 Ranked 49th.	40.53 Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Germany
Intestinal diseases death rate	0.34% Ranked 126th.	33.72% Ranked 26th. 99 times more than Germany
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	7.19 per 100,000 people Ranked 179th.	282.55 per 100,000 people Ranked 31st. 39 times more than Germany
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (men)	21.1% Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Nigeria	5.8% Ranked 15th.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.915 Ranked 15th. 3 times more than Nigeria	0.286 Ranked 165th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	55 Ranked 168th.	389 Ranked 17th. 7 times more than Germany
Dependency ratio per 100	48 Ranked 138th.	90 Ranked 20th. 88% more than Germany
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	8	<1
Smoking rate > Women	26 Ranked 25th. 130 times more than Nigeria	0.2 Ranked 136th.
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	1,183 Ranked 92nd.	44,016 Ranked 10th. 37 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Caesarean birth rate	29% Ranked 18th. 15 times more than Nigeria	2% Ranked 121st.
Infant mortality rate > Female	3.21 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 200th.	85.31 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 9th. 27 times more than Germany
Tobacco > Male smoking rate	37.4 Ranked 53th. 3 times more than Nigeria	13 Ranked 125th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	49000	2600000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Legal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	100% Ranked 8th. Twice as much as Nigeria	50% Ranked 164th.
Diseases > Measles cases	567 Ranked 26th.	2,613 Ranked 12th. 5 times more than Germany
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Tobacco > Female smoking rate	25.8 Ranked 30th. 22 times more than Nigeria	1.2 Ranked 122nd.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	7 Ranked 150th.	840 Ranked 9th. 120 times more than Germany
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	74 Ranked 11th. 77% more than Nigeria	41.8 Ranked 163th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	55 Ranked 168th.	389 Ranked 17th. 7 times more than Germany
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	14.38 Ranked 164th.	299.05 Ranked 67th. 21 times more than Germany
Diseases > Obesity > Obesity rate (women)	21.1% Ranked 2nd. 4 times more than Nigeria	5.8% Ranked 15th.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	69.6 Ranked 16th. 69% more than Nigeria	41.3 Ranked 163th.
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	11,100 Ranked 10th. 483 times more than Nigeria	23 Ranked 155th.
HIV AIDS > Women living with aids 15-49	0.1 Ranked 97th.	5.8 Ranked 22nd. 58 times more than Germany
Children living with AIDS per 1000	0.00666 Ranked 76th.	2.04 Ranked 22nd. 306 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	8.55 Ranked 189th.	39.5 Ranked 13th. 5 times more than Germany
Spending > Public	7.9% (1999)	0.8%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	86.96% Ranked 36th. 5 times more than Nigeria	18.72% Ranked 179th.
Total fertility rate	1.4 Ranked 151st.	5.4 Ranked 27th. 4 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	Statutory health insurance scheme, employer	Employer
Infant mortality > Male babies	4.5 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 185th.	120.9 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 12th. 27 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Legal	Legal
Children living with AIDS	550 Ranked 61st.	270,000 Ranked 1st. 491 times more than Germany
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	82 Ranked 12th. 78% more than Nigeria	46 Ranked 171st.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	55 Ranked 168th.	389 Ranked 17th. 7 times more than Germany
Caesarian birth rate	22% Ranked 2nd. 11 times more than Nigeria	2% Ranked 5th.
Respiratory disease child death rate	0.51	198.83 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	15000	1600000
Diseases > Cholera cases per million people	0.0243 Ranked 47th.	11.28 Ranked 27th. 464 times more than Germany
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Legal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Legal	Illegal
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	5 per 1,000 people Ranked 170th.	151 per 1,000 people Ranked 24th. 30 times more than Germany
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	2,212 Ranked 7th. 201 times more than Nigeria	11 Ranked 179th.
Spending > Private	2.6% Ranked 50th. 30% more than Nigeria	2% Ranked 76th.
Expenditure > Public > % of GDP	8.15% Ranked 9th. 6 times more than Nigeria	1.4% Ranked 165th.
Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	100% Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Nigeria	35.2% Ranked 43th.
Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	100% Ranked 2nd. 2 times more than Nigeria	44% Ranked 122nd.
Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	68.24% Ranked 137th.	73.38% Ranked 110th. 8% more than Germany
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis treatment success rate > % of registered cases	40.27% Ranked 162nd.	81.6% Ranked 68th. 2 times more than Germany
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > % of population with access	100% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Nigeria	32% Ranked 137th.
Health services > External resources for health > % of total expenditure on health	0.0 Ranked 132nd.	2.18% Ranked 79th.
Cause of death, by communicable diseases and maternal, prenatal and nutrition conditions > % of total	4.53% Ranked 167th.	68.07% Ranked 9th. 15 times more than Germany
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	12.33% Ranked 123th.	66.7% Ranked 1st. 5 times more than Germany
Nutrition > Prevalence of overweight > % of children under 5	3.5% Ranked 26th.	6.2% Ranked 2nd. 77% more than Germany
Bird Flu > H5N1 > Recent animal cases	four swans (three Cygnus olor and one Cygnus cygnus) were found dead on 8 February 2006 in Wiek, in the northern part of the island of RÃ¼gen, in the Baltic Sea. On the same day a northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) was found dead in Dranske, also in the northern part of the island of RÃ¼gen. Avian influenza virus H5N1 has been diagnosed in two of the swans (Cygnus olor and Cygnus cygnus) and the goshawk.	Six outbreaks have been confirmed between 19 Jan. and 2 Feb. 2006 in the states of Kano and Plateau. Positive tests for the H5N1 virus on some 36,500 poultry. All the affected farms are commercial poultry production units, mostly layers of over 40 weeks of age. Source of outbreaks or origin of infection: unknown or inconclusive
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	97 Ranked 41st. 4 times more than Nigeria	26 Ranked 186th.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	6.5% Ranked 31st.	14.1% Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Germany
Public health spending > % of total health spending	76.88% Ranked 38th. 3 times more than Nigeria	25.34% Ranked 172nd.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	39.9% Ranked 13th. 6 times more than Nigeria	6.7% Ranked 55th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Legal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	33
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	5.52% Ranked 146th. 14% more than Nigeria	4.83% Ranked 162nd.
Life expectancy > 95% range	(82.60-83.10)	(58.20-62.90)
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	7.84% Ranked 114th.	76.1% Ranked 1st. 10 times more than Germany
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	91.63% Ranked 10th. 3 times more than Nigeria	27.37% Ranked 178th.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	17.1% Ranked 141st.	57.7% Ranked 36th. 3 times more than Germany
Pregnant women receiving prenatal care > %	100% Ranked 2nd. 73% more than Nigeria	57.7% Ranked 31st.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.12% Ranked 114th.	3.86% Ranked 18th. 32 times more than Germany
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	75% Ranked 3rd. 6 times more than Nigeria	12.6% Ranked 14th.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	93% Ranked 81st. 3 times more than Nigeria	35% Ranked 186th.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	12.41% Ranked 164th.	60.42% Ranked 15th. 5 times more than Germany
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	30.61% Ranked 67th.	61.54% Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Germany
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	2.67% Ranked 83th.	3.37% Ranked 49th. 26% more than Germany
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	8.39% Ranked 9th. 4 times more than Nigeria	1.95% Ranked 157th.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 4th. 49% more than Nigeria	67% Ranked 173th.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 2nd. 3 times more than Nigeria	31% Ranked 166th.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	90% Ranked 103th. 4 times more than Nigeria	25% Ranked 187th.
Nutrition > Malnutrition prevalence > Height for age > % of children under 5	1.3% Ranked 36th.	43% Ranked 4th. 33 times more than Germany
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 1st. 4 times more than Nigeria	28% Ranked 133th.
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	28.85% Ranked 81st.	58.33% Ranked 33th. 2 times more than Germany
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Female > % ages 15-24	0.1% Ranked 92nd.	2.3% Ranked 18th. 23 times more than Germany
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	5.12 Ranked 176th.	300 Ranked 30th. 59 times more than Germany
Risk factors > Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.1% Ranked 110th.	3.1% Ranked 21st. 31 times more than Germany
Public health spending > % of GDP	8.02% Ranked 9th. 5 times more than Nigeria	1.68% Ranked 154th.
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	48.2% Ranked 169th.	90.4% Ranked 90th. 88% more than Germany
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	11.06% Ranked 13th. 2 times more than Nigeria	5.32% Ranked 127th.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	2.5% Ranked 133th.	9% Ranked 82nd. 4 times more than Germany
Improved water source > % of population with access	100% Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Nigeria	48% Ranked 164th.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	57.5% Ranked 156th.	90.4% Ranked 80th. 57% more than Germany
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	10.9% Ranked 7th. 2 times more than Nigeria	4.7% Ranked 134th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	89 Ranked 90th. 2 times more than Nigeria	40 Ranked 183th.
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	51.7% Ranked 112th. 2 times more than Nigeria	21.62% Ranked 166th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	95 Ranked 63th. 4 times more than Nigeria	25 Ranked 187th.
Diseases > Overweight > Ratio of male to female BMI	1.16 Ranked 18th. 5% more than Nigeria	1.1 Ranked 53th.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	37.3% Ranked 14th. 2 times more than Nigeria	15.4% Ranked 6th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	76 Ranked 15th. 69% more than Nigeria	45 Ranked 165th.
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults	28% Ranked 3rd. 56 times more than Nigeria	0.5% Ranked 40th.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP	10.6% Ranked 9th. 2 times more than Nigeria	4.6% Ranked 137th.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health	0.0 Ranked 136th.	6.1% Ranked 56th.
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Nigeria	36% Ranked 119th.
Reproductive health > Births attended by skilled health staff > % of total	100% Ranked 1st. 3 times more than Nigeria	38.9% Ranked 30th.
Cause of death, by injury > % of total	3.84% Ranked 181st.	4.56% Ranked 164th. 19% more than Germany
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 2nd. 89% more than Nigeria	53% Ranked 148th.
Health expenditure, public > % of total health expenditure	75.85% Ranked 40th. 2 times more than Nigeria	36.69% Ranked 160th.
Infant mortality rate > Male	3.84 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 203th.	97.42 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 9th. 25 times more than Germany
Public health spending > % of government spending	18.16% Ranked 11th. 3 times more than Nigeria	6.48% Ranked 155th.
Private health spending > % of GDP	2.41% Ranked 81st.	4.95% Ranked 10th. 2 times more than Germany

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: Human height (Average height around the world); British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; health care; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; World Health Organization2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables), (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=GenderStat&f=inID%3a43, Prevalence of obesity among adults; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNHDR; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. 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Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organisation. 1997-1999 World Health Statistics Annual. Geneva: WHO, 2000; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Development Programme. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic.; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Children's Fund. Source tables; Wikipedia: Prevalence of tobacco consumption (Rates) (WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, pp.278–287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.67. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.287. WHO Report on the Global Tobacco Epidemic 2008, p.68. 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