Health Stats: compare key data on Japan & Panama

Definitions

Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people: Crude birth rate indicates the number of live births occurring during the year, per 1,000 population estimated at midyear. Subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate provides the rate of natural increase, which is equal to the population growth rate in the absence of migration.
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth: Average age of mother at first childbirth.
Births and maternity > Future births: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate.
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cancer out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cancer rate, but rather how fatal cancer is in each country.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included.
Life expectancy > Men: Life expectancy for men.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population: The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years: Life expectancy at birth, female (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years: Life expectancy at birth, male (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years: Life expectancy at birth, total (years). Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians are defined as graduates of any facility or school of medicine who are working in the country in any medical field (practice, teaching, research).
Probability of reaching 65 > Male: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Quality of health care system > Cost: Cost to you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Cost to you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Quality of health care system > Health care system index: Health Care Index is an estimation of the overall quality of the health care system, health care professionals, equipment, staff, doctors, cost, etc.
Infant mortality rate > Total: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Deaths > Percent deaths registered: Civil registration coverage of deaths (%).
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman: Total fertility rate represents the number of children that would be born to a woman if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children in accordance with current age-specific fertility rates.
Infant mortality rate: The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate: How many infants, out of 1000, who will die before attaining one year of age.
Life expectancy > Women: Life expectancy for women.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff: Skill and competency of medical staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the skill and competency of the local medical staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times: Responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied are you with the responsiveness (waitings) in medical institutions?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people: Hospital beds include inpatient beds available in public, private, general, and specialized hospitals and rehabilitation centers. In most cases beds for both acute and chronic care are included."
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average BMI (combining male and female population), according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS.
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19: Adolescent fertility rate is the number of births per 1,000 women ages 15-19.
Probability of reaching 65 > Female: Probability at birth of reaching the age of 65.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment: Equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Does hospitals have equipment for modern diagnosis and treatment?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Expenditure per capita > Current US$: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$: Health expenditure per capita (current US$). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate: Percentage of females aged 15-19 who give birth, out of all females the same age in the country.
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports: Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "How satisfied you with the accuracy and completeness in filling out reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people). Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Incidence includes patients with HIV.
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate: Country's crude birth rate. The crude birth rate is the number of live births for every 1,000 people.
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate: Number of mothers who died giving birth, out of 100,000 births.
Maternal mortality: Maternal mortality reported per 100,000 births 1985-1999. The maternal mortality data are those reported by national authorities. UNICEF and the World Health Organization periodically evaluate these data and make adjustments to account for the well-documented problems of under-reporting and misclassification of maternal deaths and to develop estimates for countries with no data (for details on the most recent estimates see Hill, AbouZahr and Wardlaw 2001). Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people: Physicians include generalist and specialist medical practitioners.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency. Figures expressed per capita for the same year.
Death rates > Children under 5: Under-five mortality rate is the probability per 1,000 that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates."
Death rates > Women: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports: Speed in completing examination and reports. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Speed in completing examination and reports?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Death rates > Men: Adult mortality rate is the probability of dying between the ages of 15 and 60--that is, the probability of a 15-year-old dying before reaching age 60, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates between those ages."
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths: AIDS deaths.
HIV AIDS > Deaths: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman.
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff: Friendliness and courtesy of the staff. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Friendliness and courtesy of the staff?". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day: Depth of hunger or the intensity of food deprivation, indicates how much food-deprived people fall short of minimum food needs in terms of dietary energy. The food deficit, in kilocalories per person per day, is measured by comparing the average amount of dietary energy that undernourished people get from the foods they eat with the minimum amount of dietary energy they need to maintain body weight and undertake light activity. The depth of hunger is low when it is less than 200 kilocalories per person per day, and high when it is higher than 300 kilocalories per person per day."
Tobacco > Total adult smokers: Total adults smoking
Births and maternity > Number of births: Total number of live births. A live birth refers to a birth after which the baby shows signs of life, however, if the baby dies after showing signs of life, it is still considered a live birth.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Per capita figures expressed per 1,000 population.
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only."
Life expectancy > Male: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives (per 1,000 people). Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location: Convenience of location for you. Based on 0-50 contributions for Albania, Argentina, Austria and 69 more countries and 50-100 contributions for Australia, Brazil, Germany and 7 more countries and over 100 contributions for Canada, India, United Kingdom and 1 more country. The surveys were conducted by numbeo.com from October, 2010 to February, 2014. See this sample survey for the United States, respondents were asked "Convenience of location for you". The higher the value, the more survey respondents believe it is high in their country.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU: Services, etc., value added (current LCU). Services correspond to ISIC divisions 50-99. They include value added in wholesale and retail trade (including hotels and restaurants), transport, and government, financial, professional, and personal services such as education, health care, and real estate services. Also included are imputed bank service charges, import duties, and any statistical discrepancies noted by national compilers as well as discrepancies arising from rescaling. Value added is the net output of a sector after adding up all outputs and subtracting intermediate inputs. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or depletion and degradation of natural resources. The industrial origin of value added is determined by the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC), revision 3. Data are in current local currency.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000: An estimate of all people (adults and children) alive at yearend with HIV infection, whether or not they have developed symptoms of AIDS. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Death rates > Infants: Infant mortality rate is the number of infants dying before reaching one year of age, per 1,000 live births in a given year."
Life expectancy at birth > Female: The average number of years to be lived by a females in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Life expectancy > Female: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given: Maternity leave benefits.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people: Legally induced abortions by urban/rural residence of woman. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Spending > Per person: Spending per capita (PPP) in $US 1998.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people: AIDS deaths. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Births and maternity > Twin births per million people: Number of births, in which two children were born. A mother giving birth to twins is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes: People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage.
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles: Percentage of children under 1 year old immunized against measles.
Life expectancy at birth > Male: The average number of years to be lived by amen in this nation born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future. The entry includes total population as well as the male and female components. Life expectancy at birth is also a measure of overall quality of life in a country and summarizes the mortality at all ages. It can also be thought of as indicating the potential return on investment in human capital and is necessary for the calculation of various actuarial measures.
Suicide rate > Gender ratio: Suicide rates per 100,000 people
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Total population
Life expectancy > 95 percent range: 95% range.
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population): The number of people that will die from cardiovascular diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's cardiovascular disease rate, but rather how fatal cardiovascular diseases are in each country.
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people: Nurses and midwives include professional nurses, professional midwives, auxiliary nurses, auxiliary midwives, enrolled nurses, enrolled midwives and other associated personnel, such as dental nurses and primary care nurses."
Births and maternity > All births of boys: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Health spending per capita: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in current U.S. dollars."
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average female BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years: Life expectancy at birth indicates the number of years a newborn infant would live if prevailing patterns of mortality at the time of its birth were to stay the same throughout its life.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000: Tuberculosis cases (per 100,000 people)
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population): The number of people that die from injuries out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's injury rate, but rather how fatal injuries are in each country.
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000: An estimate of the number of adults and children who died of AIDS during a given calendar year. Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Drug access: Population with access to essential drugs 2000. The data on access to essential drugs are based on statistical estimates received from World Health Organization (WHO) country and regional offices and regional advisers and through the World Drug Situation Survey carried out in 1998-99. These estimates represent the best information available to the WHO Department of Essential Drugs and Medicines Policy to date and are currently being validated by WHO member states. The department assigns the estimates to four groupings: very low access (0-49%), low access (50-79%), medium access (80-94%) and good access (95-100%). These groupings, used here in presenting the data, are often employed by the WHO in interpreting the data, as the actual estimates may suggest a higher level of accuracy than the data afford. b.
Infant mortality > Female babies: Infant mortality rate for females under 1 year.
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate: The number of people that die from noncommunicable diseases out of 100,000 people the same age. The number is not an accurate telling of the country's noncommunicable disease rate, but rather how fatal noncommunicable diseases are in each country.
Births and maternity > Twin births: Number of births, in which two children were born. A mother giving birth to twins is counted as one birth.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women: Survival to age 65 refers to the percentage of a cohort of newborn infants that would survive to age 65, if subject to current age specific mortality rates."
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditures as a ratio of total population. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation. Data are in international dollars converted using 2005 purchasing power parity (PPP) rates."
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI): Countries compared by average male BMI, according to data gathered by researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The BMI (Body Mass Index) measures how appropiate is the weight of an individual compared to their height. The calculation is made measuring your weight in kilograms and dividing it twice by your height measured in metres. A high BMI (25 or more) is usually associated with a risk of suffering diverse health problems.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Total population
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million: Total adults smoking. Figures expressed per million population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people: Total number of live births. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Intestinal diseases death rate: Death rate from intestinal infectious diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO code B01 for all age groups by sex. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data for the country in that particular year. The death rates were standardized utilizing the age structure for the population of Canada. See page 22 of the2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Dependency ratio per 100: Dependency ratio (per 100), 2003
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people): Dentistry personnel density (per 10 000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel: Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage.
Infant mortality rate > Female: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Births and maternity > Triplet births per million people: Number of births, in which three children were born. A mother giving birth to triplets is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid: Percentage of usual wages the country mandates employers to pay women on maternity leave. For instance, Italy requires employers to pay a woman 80% of her normal wages while off work after giving birth.
Births and maternity > Single births: Number of births, in which one child was born.
Births and maternity > Rural births of girls per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births: Maternal mortality ratio is the number of women who die during pregnancy and childbirth, per 100,000 live births. The data are estimated with a regression model using information on fertility, birth attendants, and HIV prevalence."
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people: Number of reported tuberbculosis cases. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Healthy life expectancy at birth (years) 2002 - Males
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country: Life time risk of maternal death is the probability that a 15-year-old female will die eventually from a maternal cause assuming that current levels of fertility and mortality (including maternal mortality) do not change in the future, taking into account competing causes of death. "
Children living with AIDS per 1000: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14). Figures expressed per thousand population for the same year.
Births and maternity > Future births per million people: Mid-range estimate for country's population increase due to births from five years prior to the given year. For example, from 2095 to 2100, India's population is expected to rise by 16,181 people due to births. Estimates are from the UN Population Division. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Spending > Public: World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC.
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms)."
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider: The method/s in which women receive an income during their maternity leave. Some countries put the responsibility solely on the employer, while others either include maternity leaves into their social welfare programs or use a combination of the two. Some countries do not have laws regarding maternity leave such as the United States and Papua New Guinea.
Total fertility rate: Total fertility rate, 2003
Infant mortality > Male babies: Infant mortality rate for males under 1 year.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Children living with AIDS: People living with HIV/AIDS, children (age 0-14)
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Females
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females: Adult mortality rate (probability of dying between 15 and 60 years per 1000 population).
Respiratory disease child death rate: Child death rate from respiratory diseases
Units: Deaths/100,000 Population Aged 0-14
Units: The final number is based on an aggregation of deaths recorded for WHO codes B31 and B320, and B321, by sex and by age. These were then combined with UN Population Division population data broken down by age group to produce rates. See page 22 of the 2001 ESI report for more details on the methodology.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14: Population with HIV/AIDS (estimate).
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Probability of dying before 5 > Females: Probability of females dying before reaching the age of 5. (2003)
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars: Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars, 2002
Spending > Private: Private expenditure on health as a percentage of GDP 1998.
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population with HIV.
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people: Incidence of tuberculosis is the estimated number of new pulmonary, smear positive, and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases."
Public health spending > % of GDP: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, measles (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Immunization, DPT (% of children ages 12-23 months). Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health: Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling."
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP: Health expenditure, total (% of GDP). Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Births and maternity > All births of girls: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Births and maternity > Triplet births: Number of births, in which three children were born. A mother giving birth to triplets is counted as one birth.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males: Life expectancy at birth (years) 2003 - Males
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, female is the percentage of women who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health: External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health, 2002
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained.
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total: Health - % of routine EPI vaccines financed by government 2002 - Total
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births: Low-birthweight babies are newborns weighing less than 2,500 grams, with the measurement taken within the first hours of life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred."
Infant mortality rate > Male: This entry gives the number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female. This rate is often used as an indicator of the level of health in a country.
Public health spending > % of government spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds."
Private health spending > % of GDP: Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations."
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births per million people: Number of births, in which four or five children were born. A mother giving birth to quadruplets or quintuplets is counted as one birth. Figures expressed per million people for the same year.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %: Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women (%). Prevalence of anemia, pregnant women, is the percentage of pregnant women whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP: Health expenditure, public (% of GDP). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure: Health expenditure, public (% of government expenditure). Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organizations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms: Tuberculosis case detection rate (%, all forms). Tuberculosis case detection rate (all forms) is the percentage of newly notified tuberculosis cases (including relapses) to estimated incident cases (case detection, all forms).
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access: Access to improved sanitation facilities refers to the percentage of the population with at least adequate access to excreta disposal facilities that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained."
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,: Health - HIV/AIDS - Adult prevalence rate (15-49 years), end-2001
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5: Prevalence of anemia among children (% of children under 5). Prevalence of anemia, children under age 5, is the percentage of children under age 5 whose hemoglobin level is less than 110 grams per liter at sea level.
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total: Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases (% of total). Cause of death refers to the share of all deaths for all ages by underlying causes. Non-communicable diseases include cancer, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, digestive diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and congenital anomalies.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV (% of population ages 15+ with HIV). Prevalence of HIV is the percentage of people who are infected with HIV. Female rate is as a percentage of the total population ages 15+ who are living with HIV.
Births and maternity > Single births per thousand people: Number of births, in which one child was born. Figures expressed per thousand people for the same year.
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49: Prevalence of HIV refers to the percentage of people ages 15-49 who are infected with HIV.
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49: Contraceptive prevalence rate is the percentage of women who are practicing, or whose sexual partners are practicing, any form of contraception. It is usually measured for married women ages 15-49 only.
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunization measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health: Out-of-pocket health expenditure (% of total expenditure on health). Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV: Female adults with HIV refers to the percentage of women of those ages 15-49 infected with HIV.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP: Health expenditure, private (% of GDP). Private health expenditure includes direct household (out-of-pocket) spending, private insurance, charitable donations, and direct service payments by private corporations.
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79: Diabetes prevalence (% of population ages 20 to 79). Diabetes prevalence refers to the percentage of people ages 20-79 who have type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against diphtheria, pertussis (or whooping cough), and tetanus (DPT) after receiving three doses of vaccine."
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months: Child immunisation measures the percentage of children ages 12-23 months who received vaccinations before 12 months or at any time before the survey. A child is considered adequately immunized against measles after receiving one dose of vaccine.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure."
Health spending > % of GDP: Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered: Civil registration coverage of births (%).
Births and maternity > Rural births of girls: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Births and maternity > Urban births of girls: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure: Out-of-pocket expenditure on health as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5: Prevalence of child malnutrition (weight for age) is the percentage of children under five whose weight for age is more than two standard deviations below the median reference standard for their age as established by the World Health Organization, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Figures are based on children under age three, four, and five years of age, depending on the country.
Births and maternity > Rural births of boys: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Births with health staff: Births attended by skilled health staff. Definitions of skilled health staff may vary across countries. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified or to a running average for a series of years surrounding the period 1995 to 2000.
Births and maternity > Urban births of boys: Live births by sex and urban/rural residence.
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births: Number of births, in which four or five children were born. A mother giving birth to quadruplets or quintuplets is counted as one birth.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health: Abortion laws by grounds on which abortion is permitted.
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths: Completeness of infant death reporting is the number of infant deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of infant deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults: Prevalence of smoking, male is the percentage of men who smoke cigarettes. The age range varies among countries but in most is 18 and older or 15 and older.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health: Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health, 2002
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths: Completeness of total death reporting is the number of total deaths reported by national statistics authorities to the United Nations Statistics Division's Demography Yearbook divided by the number of total deaths estimated by the United Nations Population Division.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population: Population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption (also referred to as prevalence of undernourishment) shows the percentage of the population whose food intake is insufficient to meet dietary energy requirements continuously. Data showing as 2.5 signifies a prevalence of undernourishment below 2.5%.
Improved water source > % of population with access: Access to an improved water source refers to the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as a household connection, public standpipe, borehole, protected well or spring, and rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include vendors, tanker trucks, and unprotected wells and springs. Reasonable access is defined as the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within one kilometer of the dwelling.
Public health spending > % of total health spending: Public health expenditure consists of recurrent and capital spending from government (central and local) budgets, external borrowings and grants (including donations from international agencies and nongovernmental organisations), and social (or compulsory) health insurance funds. Total health expenditure is the sum of public and private health expenditure. It covers the provision of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities, and emergency aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation."
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health: Out of pocket expenditure is any direct outlay by households, including gratuities and in-kind payments, to health practitioners and suppliers of pharmaceuticals, therapeutic appliances, and other goods and services whose primary intent is to contribute to the restoration or enhancement of the health status of individuals or population groups. It is a part of private health expenditure.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - DPT3
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP: Total expenditure on health as % of GDP, 2002
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Measles
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS: DOTS detection rate is the percentage of estimated new infectious tuberculosis cases detected under the directly observed treatment, short course case detection and treatment strategy.
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3: Health - % immunized 2002 1-year-old children - Polio3

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STAT	Japan	Panama
Birth rate > Crude > Per 1,000 people	8.41 per 1,000 people Ranked 178th.	21.57 per 1,000 people Ranked 86th. 3 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Average age of mother at childbirth	30.6 Ranked 13th. 15% more than Panama	26.6 Ranked 57th.
Births and maternity > Future births	752.78 Ranked 37th. 12 times more than Panama	61.11 Ranked 117th.
Births and maternity > Total fertility rate	1.85% Ranked 118th.	1.86% Ranked 97th. 1% more than Japan
Diseases > Cancer > Cancer death rate (per 100,000 population)	120 Ranked 117th. 15% more than Panama	104 Ranked 150th.
Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	14.3 per 1,000 people Ranked 1st. 6 times more than Panama	2.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 38th.
Life expectancy > Men	80 years Ranked 4th. 8% more than Panama	74 years Ranked 10th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total population	82.25 years Ranked 5th. 6% more than Panama	77.79 years Ranked 52nd.
Life expectancy at birth, female > Years	85.9 Ranked 3rd. 7% more than Panama	80.15 Ranked 49th.
Life expectancy at birth, male > Years	79.44 Ranked 11th. 7% more than Panama	74.31 Ranked 50th.
Life expectancy at birth, total > Years	82.59 Ranked 4th. 7% more than Panama	77.16 Ranked 48th.
Physicians > Per 1,000 people	2 per 1,000 people Ranked 37th. 33% more than Panama	1.5 per 1,000 people Ranked 55th.
Probability of reaching 65 > Male	84% Ranked 5th. 11% more than Panama	76% Ranked 34th.
Quality of health care system > Cost	80.56 Ranked 1st. 1% more than Panama	80 Ranked 6th.
Quality of health care system > Health care system index	85.03 Ranked 1st.	85.56 Ranked 1st. 1% more than Japan
Infant mortality rate > Total	2.78 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 212th.	11.64 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 134th. 4 times more than Japan
Deaths > Percent deaths registered	90-100	90-100
Fertility rate > Total > Births per woman	1.26 births per woman Ranked 169th.	2.62 births per woman Ranked 85th. 2 times more than Japan
Infant mortality rate	3.28 Ranked 177th.	20.95 Ranked 93th. 6 times more than Japan
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS > Per capita	0.094 per 1,000 people Ranked 94th.	5.13 per 1,000 people Ranked 47th. 55 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Infant mortality rate	2.2 Ranked 190th.	15.9 Ranked 97th. 7 times more than Japan
Life expectancy > Women	87 years Ranked 1st. 10% more than Panama	79 years Ranked 12th.
Quality of health care system > Skill and competence of medical staff	87.5 Ranked 1st. 17% more than Panama	75 Ranked 14th.
Quality of health care system > Short waiting times	83.33 Ranked 1st.	85 Ranked 1st. 2% more than Japan
Health services > Hospital beds > Per 1,000 people	13.98 Ranked 1st. 6 times more than Panama	2.2 Ranked 48th.
Diseases > Overweight > Average Body Mass Index (BMI)	21.93 Ranked 143th.	26.16 Ranked 24th. 19% more than Japan
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS	8,100 Ranked 105th.	20,000 Ranked 78th. 2 times more than Japan
Adolescent fertility rate > Births per 1,000 women ages 15-19	3.65 births Ranked 178th.	85.16 births Ranked 44th. 23 times more than Japan
Probability of reaching 65 > Female	92.1% Ranked 1st. 10% more than Panama	83.5% Ranked 49th.
Quality of health care system > Modern equipment	88.89 Ranked 1st.	100 Ranked 8th. 12% more than Japan
Expenditure per capita > Current US$	2,831.1$ Ranked 19th. 8 times more than Panama	342.7$ Ranked 58th.
Health expenditure per capita > Current US$	$3,958.47 Ranked 16th. 6 times more than Panama	$702.60 Ranked 58th.
Births and maternity > Teenage birth rate	4.6 Ranked 15th.	85.7 Ranked 10th. 19 times more than Japan
Quality of health care system > Accuracy and completeness in filling out reports	86.11 Ranked 1st. 8% more than Panama	80 Ranked 4th.
Diseases > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	19 Ranked 142nd.	48 Ranked 107th. 3 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Crude birth rate	8.4 Ranked 52nd.	19.3 Ranked 16th. 2 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Maternal death rate	5 per 100,000 live births Ranked 169th.	92 per 100,000 live births Ranked 77th. 18 times more than Japan
Maternal mortality	8 per 100,000 Ranked 118th.	70 per 100,000 Ranked 71st. 9 times more than Japan
Health services > Physicians > Per 1,000 people	2.12 Ranked 16th. 41% more than Panama	1.5 Ranked 55th.
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU per capita	2.66 million Ranked 12th. 384 times more than Panama	6,928.65 Ranked 86th.
Death rates > Children under 5	3.3 Ranked 174th.	22.9 Ranked 88th. 7 times more than Japan
Death rates > Women	43.31 Ranked 157th.	72.71 Ranked 120th. 68% more than Japan
Quality of health care system > Speed in delivering examinations and reports	88.89 Ranked 1st. 5% more than Panama	85 Ranked 2nd.
Death rates > Men	87.38 Ranked 149th.	137.26 Ranked 117th. 57% more than Japan
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths	200 Ranked 84th.	1,200 Ranked 41st. 6 times more than Japan
HIV AIDS > Deaths	500 Ranked 72nd.	1,500 Ranked 60th. 3 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total	202,106 Ranked 3rd. 18373 times more than Panama	11 Ranked 56th.
Quality of health care system > Friendliness and courtesy of staff	83.33 Ranked 1st.	85 Ranked 3rd. 2% more than Japan
Nutrition > Depth of hunger > Kilocalories per person per day	210 Ranked 63th. 11% more than Panama	190 Ranked 89th.
Tobacco > Total adult smokers	33.1% Ranked 44th.	38% Ranked 20th. 15% more than Japan
Births and maternity > Number of births	1.07 million Ranked 6th. 16 times more than Panama	67,955 Ranked 26th.
Life expectancy at birth > Total > Years	82.08 years Ranked 1st. 9% more than Panama	75.24 years Ranked 47th.
HIV AIDS > Deaths > Per capita	0.004 per 1,000 people Ranked 73th.	0.632 per 1,000 people Ranked 48th. 158 times more than Japan
Reproductive health > Use of birth control > Women over 15	54.3 Ranked 10th.	58.2 Ranked 2nd. 7% more than Japan
Life expectancy > Male	79.29 Ranked 4th. 8% more than Panama	73.11 Ranked 49th.
Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	4.14 Ranked 59th. 50% more than Panama	2.77 Ranked 8th.
Quality of health care system > Convenient location	86.11 Ranked 1st.	100 Ranked 1st. 16% more than Japan
Services, etc., value added > Current LCU	339.72 trillion Ranked 4th. 12895 times more than Panama	26.34 billion Ranked 80th.
HIV AIDS > People living with HIV AIDS per 1000	0.0635 Ranked 130th.	5.53 Ranked 49th. 87 times more than Japan
Death rates > Infants	2.4 Ranked 176th.	15.9 Ranked 100th. 7 times more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Female	85.72 years Ranked 4th. 6% more than Panama	80.68 years Ranked 55th.
Life expectancy > Female	86.05 Ranked 1st. 10% more than Panama	78.34 Ranked 53th.
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Weeks of leave given	60 Ranked 43th. The same as Panama	60 Ranked 58th.
Per capita total expenditure on health in international dollars	2,133 Ranked 20th. 4 times more than Panama	576 Ranked 56th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > Legal abortions total per thousand people	1.58 Ranked 27th. 439 times more than Panama	0.0036 Ranked 52nd.
Spending > Per person	2,243 Ranked 9th. 9 times more than Panama	246 Ranked 43th.
Diseases > HIV AIDS > AIDS deaths per million people	1.56 Ranked 116th.	320.83 Ranked 31st. 205 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Twin births per million people	150.18 Ranked 36th.	299.61 Ranked 27th. Twice as much as Japan
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Prevalance > 15-49 year old > Both sexes	0.1% Ranked 124th.	0.8% Ranked 54th. 8 times more than Japan
Diseases > Measles > Children immunised against measles	94% Ranked 88th.	97% Ranked 58th. 3% more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Male	78.96 years Ranked 10th. 5% more than Panama	75.02 years Ranked 58th.
Suicide rate > Gender ratio	2.1 per 100,000 people Ranked 65th.	6.6 per 100,000 people Ranked 3rd. 3 times more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Female > Years	85.63 years Ranked 1st. 10% more than Panama	77.89 years Ranked 52nd.
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	75 Ranked 1st. 13% more than Panama	66.2 Ranked 40th.
Life expectancy > 95 percent range	(85.80-85.90)	(78.90-81.50)
Diseases > Cardiovascular death rate (per 100,000 population)	103 Ranked 189th.	168 Ranked 169th. 63% more than Japan
Health services > Nurses and midwives > Per 1,000 people	9.47 Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Panama	2.77 Ranked 8th.
Births and maternity > All births of boys	538,271 Ranked 5th. 16 times more than Panama	34,651 Ranked 49th.
Health spending per capita	2,750.8 Ranked 24th. 7 times more than Panama	395.77 Ranked 69th.
Diseases > Overweight > Female Body Mass Index (BMI)	20.34 Ranked 162nd.	25.65 Ranked 23th. 26% more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Male > Years	78.69 years Ranked 4th. 8% more than Panama	72.71 years Ranked 47th.
Tuberculosis cases > Per 100,000	21 Ranked 112th.	28 Ranked 99th. 33% more than Japan
Deaths > Deaths from injuries (per 100,000 population)	39 Ranked 144th.	52 Ranked 121st. 33% more than Japan
HIV AIDS > Deaths per 1000	0.00391 Ranked 72nd.	0.415 Ranked 33th. 106 times more than Japan
Survival rate > To age 65 > Men	87.27 Ranked 7th. 11% more than Panama	78.56 Ranked 47th.
Drug access	95% Ranked 12th. 19% more than Panama	80% Ranked 87th.
Infant mortality > Female babies	3 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 191st.	17 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 110th. 6 times more than Japan
Deaths > Noncommunicable disease mortality rate	284 Ranked 187th.	417 Ranked 167th. 47% more than Japan
Births and maternity > Twin births	19,196 Ranked 2nd. 17 times more than Panama	1,102 Ranked 33th.
Survival rate > To age 65 > Women	94.49 Ranked 1st. 9% more than Panama	87.06 Ranked 51st.
Health services > Health expenditure per capita > PPP > Constant 2005 international $	$2,696.16 Ranked 25th. 3 times more than Panama	$772.87 Ranked 60th.
Diseases > Overweight > Male Body Mass Index (BMI)	23.52 Ranked 121st.	26.67 Ranked 34th. 13% more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Total population	82 Ranked 1st. 9% more than Panama	75 Ranked 41st.
Tobacco > Total adult smokers per million	0.259% Ranked 108th.	11.29% Ranked 29th. 44 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Number of births per thousand people	8.41 Ranked 48th.	18.48 Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Japan
Intestinal diseases death rate	0.88% Ranked 112th.	5.14% Ranked 89th. 6 times more than Japan
Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	28.16 per 100,000 people Ranked 132nd.	45.4 per 100,000 people Ranked 114th. 61% more than Japan
Life expectancy > Inequality adjusted index	0.965 Ranked 1st. 24% more than Panama	0.776 Ranked 65th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Both sexes	44 Ranked 187th.	82 Ranked 142nd. 86% more than Japan
Dependency ratio per 100	49 Ranked 129th.	58 Ranked 96th. 18% more than Japan
Medical staff > Dental staff (per 10,000 people)	7	8
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases	9,433 Ranked 35th. 11 times more than Panama	833 Ranked 104th.
Births and maternity > Births attended by skill personnel	100% Ranked 5th. 13% more than Panama	88.5% Ranked 22nd.
Infant mortality rate > Female	2.58 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 212th.	10.83 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 129th. 4 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Triplet births per million people	3.23 Ranked 28th.	10.6 Ranked 12th. 3 times more than Japan
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Aged over 15	17000	17000
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Rape or incest	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Proportion of wages paid	30% Ranked 167th.	100% Ranked 95th. 3 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Single births	1.03 million Ranked 1st. 15 times more than Panama	66,810 Ranked 29th.
Births and maternity > Rural births of girls per thousand people	0.332 Ranked 32nd.	3.41 Ranked 11th. 10 times more than Japan
Life expectancy > Date of information	2006 est.	2006 est.
Reproductive health > Maternal mortality ratio > Modeled estimate > Per 100,000 live births	6 Ranked 155th.	71 Ranked 80th. 12 times more than Japan
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	77.7 Ranked 1st. 14% more than Panama	68 Ranked 45th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Males	44 Ranked 187th.	82 Ranked 142nd. 86% more than Japan
Diseases > Tuberculosis cases per million people	73.83 Ranked 125th.	238.61 Ranked 77th. 3 times more than Japan
Healthy life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	72.3 Ranked 1st. 12% more than Panama	64.3 Ranked 39th.
Reproductive health > Lifetime risk of maternal death > 1 in > Rate varies by country	12,200 Ranked 7th. 23 times more than Panama	520 Ranked 83th.
Children living with AIDS per 1000	0.000861 Ranked 80th.	0.247 Ranked 44th. 287 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Future births per million people	8.67 Ranked 188th.	20.39 Ranked 94th. 2 times more than Japan
Spending > Public	5.7%	4.9%
Disease prevention > Tuberculosis case detection rate > All forms	86.96% Ranked 48th.	95.01% Ranked 15th. 9% more than Japan
Births and maternity > Maternity leave > Provider	1/8 National Treasury, 7/8 Employment Insurance Fund	Social Security Fund
Total fertility rate	1.3 Ranked 157th.	2.7 Ranked 90th. 2 times more than Japan
Infant mortality > Male babies	3.4 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 192nd.	24.1 deaths per 1000 live births Ranked 104th. 7 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve mental health	Illegal	Legal
Children living with AIDS	110 Ranked 79th.	800 Ranked 57th. 7 times more than Japan
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Females	85 Ranked 1st. 9% more than Panama	78 Ranked 43th.
Deaths > Early death rate (probability of dying beetween 15 and 60 years) > Females	44 Ranked 187th.	82 Ranked 142nd. 86% more than Japan
Respiratory disease child death rate	1.52	48.82 (est)
Diseases > HIV AIDS > Number living with HIV AIDS > Women > Aged above 14	9900	4300
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Economic or social reasons	Legal	Illegal
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > On request	Illegal	Illegal
Probability of dying before 5 > Females	4 per 1,000 people Ranked 184th.	22 per 1,000 people Ranked 111th. 6 times more than Japan
Per capita government expenditure on health in international dollars	1,742 Ranked 17th. 4 times more than Panama	413 Ranked 52nd.
Spending > Private	1.6% Ranked 89th.	2.3% Ranked 64th. 44% more than Japan
Risk factors > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	23.96% Ranked 122nd.	28.95% Ranked 80th. 21% more than Japan
Risk factors > Incidence of tuberculosis > Per 100,000 people	21.85 Ranked 130th.	47.44 Ranked 101st. 2 times more than Japan
Public health spending > % of GDP	6.53% Ranked 25th. 51% more than Panama	4.32% Ranked 60th.
Expenditure > Private > % of GDP	1.48% Ranked 141st.	2.55% Ranked 79th. 72% more than Japan
Immunisation > Immunization, measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	96% Ranked 61st.	98% Ranked 42nd. 2% more than Japan
Immunisation > Immunization, DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	98% Ranked 37th. 15% more than Panama	85% Ranked 143th.
Private expenditure on health as % of total expenditure on health	18.3% Ranked 162nd.	28.3% Ranked 131st. 55% more than Japan
Disease prevention > Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 13th. 3% more than Panama	97% Ranked 103th.
Disease prevention > Improved water source > % of population with access	100% Ranked 11th. 8% more than Panama	93% Ranked 87th.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 9th. 33% more than Panama	75% Ranked 117th.
Nutrition > Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	5% Ranked 109th.	15% Ranked 57th. 3 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To save the woman's life	Legal	Legal
Births and maternity > All births of girls per thousand people	4.01 Ranked 79th.	9.05 Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Japan
Health expenditure, total > % of GDP	9.27% Ranked 39th. 13% more than Panama	8.18% Ranked 58th.
Births and maternity > All births of girls	512,535 Ranked 5th. 15 times more than Panama	33,304 Ranked 49th.
Births and maternity > Triplet births	413 Ranked 3rd. 11 times more than Panama	39 Ranked 27th.
Life expectancy at birth > Years > Males	78 Ranked 4th. 7% more than Panama	73 Ranked 37th.
Smoking prevalence > Females > % of adults	14.5% Ranked 18th. 2 times more than Panama	6.1% Ranked 15th.
Expenditure > Total > % of GDP	7.8% Ranked 43th. 1% more than Panama	7.7% Ranked 50th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > Foetal impairment	Illegal	Illegal
External resources for health as % of total expenditure on health	0.0 Ranked 143th.	0.9% Ranked 106th.
Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 7th. 96% more than Panama	51% Ranked 91st.
Improved sanitation facilities > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 9th. 12% more than Panama	89% Ranked 85th.
% of routine EPI vaccines financed by government > Total	100 Ranked 21st. The same as Panama	100 Ranked 70th.
Nutrition > Low-birthweight babies > % of births	7.8% Ranked 44th.	10.2% Ranked 14th. 31% more than Japan
Infant mortality rate > Male	2.98 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 212th.	12.41 deaths/1,000 live births Ranked 136th. 4 times more than Japan
Public health spending > % of government spending	17.94% Ranked 14th. 55% more than Panama	11.58% Ranked 80th.
Private health spending > % of GDP	1.5% Ranked 134th.	2.36% Ranked 85th. 57% more than Japan
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births per million people	0.0782 Ranked 15th.	1.09 Ranked 9th. 14 times more than Japan
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women > %	14.81% Ranked 117th.	36.4% Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Japan
Improved water source > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 11th. 27% more than Panama	79% Ranked 89th.
Immunization > DPT > % of children ages 12-23 months	99% Ranked 9th. 16% more than Panama	85% Ranked 128th.
Improved water source > Urban > % of urban population with access	100% Ranked 15th. 1% more than Panama	99% Ranked 72nd.
Health expenditure, public > % of GDP	7.42% Ranked 23th. 34% more than Panama	5.52% Ranked 50th.
Health expenditure, public > % of government expenditure	18.18% Ranked 20th. 42% more than Panama	12.85% Ranked 75th.
Tuberculosis case detection rate > %, all forms	86% Ranked 73th. 2% more than Panama	84% Ranked 81st.
Disease prevention > Improved sanitation facilities > Rural > % of rural population with access	100% Ranked 7th. 96% more than Panama	51% Ranked 107th.
HIVAIDS > Adult prevalence rate 15-49 years,	0.1 Ranked 105th.	1.5 Ranked 42nd. 15 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > All births of boys per thousand people	4.21 Ranked 80th.	9.42 Ranked 17th. 2 times more than Japan
Diseases > Prevalence of anemia among children > % of children under 5	10.56% Ranked 103th.	36% Ranked 6th. 3 times more than Japan
Diseases > Cause of death, by non-communicable diseases > % of total	79.99% Ranked 71st. 16% more than Panama	69.16% Ranked 106th.
Diseases > Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	15.4% Ranked 144th.	31.1% Ranked 88th. 2 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Single births per thousand people	8.07 Ranked 38th.	18.16 Ranked 5th. 2 times more than Japan
Prevalence of HIV > Total > % of population ages 15-49	0.1% Ranked 126th.	0.89% Ranked 61st. 9 times more than Japan
Contraceptive prevalence > % of women ages 15-49	55.9% Ranked 16th.	61% Ranked 4th. 9% more than Japan
Immunization > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	99% Ranked 10th. The same as Panama	99% Ranked 20th.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of total expenditure on health	16.4% Ranked 142nd.	26.83% Ranked 105th. 64% more than Japan
Female adults with HIV > % of population ages 15+ with HIV	58.24% Ranked 31st. 2 times more than Panama	25.29% Ranked 90th.
Health expenditure, private > % of GDP	1.85% Ranked 130th.	2.66% Ranked 85th. 43% more than Japan
Diseases > Diabetes > Prevalence > % of population ages 20 to 79	5.12% Ranked 157th.	8.59% Ranked 73th. 68% more than Japan
Disease prevention > Immunisation against tetanus > % of children ages 12-23 months	98% Ranked 35th. 17% more than Panama	84% Ranked 131st.
Disease prevention > Immunisation > Measles > % of children ages 12-23 months	94% Ranked 78th. 11% more than Panama	85% Ranked 124th.
Health services > Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	80.75% Ranked 100th.	82.69% Ranked 96th. 2% more than Japan
Health spending > % of GDP	8.02% Ranked 48th. 20% more than Panama	6.68% Ranked 72nd.
Births and maternity > Percent of births registered	>90	>90
Births and maternity > Rural births of girls	42,405 Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Panama	12,528 Ranked 24th.
Births and maternity > Urban births of girls	470,073 Ranked 2nd. 23 times more than Panama	20,776 Ranked 29th.
Out-of-pocket expenditure as % of private health expenditure	89.8% Ranked 92nd. 10% more than Panama	81.8% Ranked 122nd.
Malnutrition prevalence > Weight for age > % of children under 5	3.7% Ranked 8th.	8.1% Ranked 15th. 2 times more than Japan
Births and maternity > Rural births of boys	44,357 Ranked 8th. 3 times more than Panama	13,202 Ranked 25th.
Births with health staff	100% Ranked 3rd. 11% more than Panama	90% Ranked 48th.
Births and maternity > Urban births of boys	493,849 Ranked 2nd. 23 times more than Panama	21,449 Ranked 29th.
Births and maternity > Quadruplet and quintuplet births	10 Ranked 5th. 3 times more than Panama	4 Ranked 17th.
Births and maternity > Abortion > When abortion is legal > To preserve physical health	Legal	Legal
Mortality > Completeness of infant death reporting > % of reported infant deaths to estimated infant deaths	87.66% Ranked 14th. 14% more than Panama	76.84% Ranked 21st.
Smoking prevalence > Males > % of adults	46.9% Ranked 8th. 2 times more than Panama	19.7% Ranked 19th.
Prepaid plans as % of private expenditure on health	1.5% Ranked 81st.	18.2% Ranked 31st. 12 times more than Japan
Mortality > Completeness of total death reporting > % of reported total deaths to estimated total deaths	97.94% Ranked 22nd. 11% more than Panama	87.84% Ranked 27th.
Prevalence of undernourishment > % of population	2.5% Ranked 139th.	23% Ranked 45th. 9 times more than Japan
Improved water source > % of population with access	100% Ranked 12th. 11% more than Panama	90% Ranked 86th.
Public health spending > % of total health spending	81.33% Ranked 23th. 26% more than Panama	64.63% Ranked 83th.
Out-of-pocket health expenditure > % of private expenditure on health	93.4% Ranked 71st. 13% more than Panama	82.5% Ranked 110th.
% immunized 1-year-old children > DPT3	95 Ranked 67th. 7% more than Panama	89 Ranked 104th.
Total expenditure on health as % of GDP	7.9% Ranked 45th.	8.9% Ranked 29th. 13% more than Japan
% immunized 1-year-old children > Measles	98 Ranked 25th. 24% more than Panama	79 Ranked 124th.
Tuberculosis cases detected under DOTS	57.33% Ranked 100th.	131.19% Ranked 3rd. 2 times more than Japan
% immunized 1-year-old children > Polio3	81 Ranked 127th.	85 Ranked 115th. 5% more than Japan

SOURCES: World Development Indicators database; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; British Broadcasting Corporation 2014; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011; (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Derived from male and female life expectancy at birth from sources such as: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York; health care; World Health Organization. Source tables; CIA World Factbook, 28 July 2005; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation, OECD, supplemented by country data.; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16. http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2458-12-439.pdf. Walpole et al., BMC Public Health 2012, 12:4; UN (United Nations). 2001. World Population Prospects 1950-2050: The 2000 Revision. Database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. New York.; World Health Organization National Health Account database (see http://apps.who.int/nha/database/DataExplorerRegime.aspx for the most recent updates).; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization, Global Tuberculosis Report.; United Nations Population Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; UNICEF (United Nations Children?s Fund). 2002. Official Summary: The State of the World's Children 2002. New York: Oxford University Press.; World Bank national accounts data. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; Level & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2010. Estimates Developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, UN DESA, UNPD).; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm, (2) University of California, Berkeley, and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Human Mortality Database. [ www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de] downloaded on Dec. 10, 2009.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; Food and Agriculture Organisation, Food Security Statistics (http://www.fao.org/economic/ess/food-security-statistics/en/).; World Health Organization2005; Household surveys, including Demographic and Health Surveys by Macro International and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys by UNICEF.; (1) United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables), (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Health Organization, Global Atlas of the Health Workforce. For latest updates and metadata, see http://apps.who.int/globalatlas/.; World Bank national accounts data; CIA World Factbooks 18 December 2003 to 28 March 2011. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; World Bank. 2002. World Development Indicators 2002. CD-ROM. Washington, DC; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables. Population figures from World Bank: (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects, (2) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Report (various years), (3) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (4) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (5) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme, and (6) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database.; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; annual figures:WHO databank, National Bureaus of Statistics. Department of Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis Population Division (1995). World population prospects. The 1994 revision. New York: United Nations. Partly computations: Department of Clinical Psychology, Psychiatric Clinic, University of W?rzburg, Germany; Wikipedia: List of countries by life expectancy (Life expectancy at birth (years), Global Burden of Disease) (Das, Pamela; Samarasekera, Udani (2012). "The story of GBD 2010: a "super-human" effort" . The Lancet 380 (9859): 2067–2070. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62174-6 . Wang, Haidong; Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura; Lofgren, Katherine T; Rajaratnam, Julie Knoll; Marcus, Jacob R; Levin-Rector, Alison; Levitz, Carly E; Lopez, Alan D; Murray, Christopher JL (2012). "Age-specific and sex-specific mortality in 187 countries, 1970–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet 380 (9859): 2071–2094. doi : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61719-X ., ); World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organisation National Health Account database (www.who.int/nha/en) supplemented by country data.; UNHDR; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Population Division. 2009. World Population Prospects: The 2008 Revision. New York, United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (advanced Excel tables). Available at http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/index.htm.; WHO (World Health Organization). 2001. Correspondence on access to essential drugs. Department of Essential Drugs and Medecines Policy. February. Geneva; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; World Health Organization. Source tables; United Nations Statistics Division. Source tables; "Where are you on the global fat scale?". BBC. July 12, 2012. Retrieved 2013-12-16.
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