Government > Leaders Stats: compare key data on Netherlands & Samoa

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STAT	Netherlands	Samoa	HISTORY
Head of state	King Willem-Alexander	Tuiatua Tupua Tamasese Efi
Head of state > Profile	<p>King Willem-Alexander became the first Dutch male monarch in more than a century in April 2013 when his mother Beatrix abdicated to end a 33-year reign. </p> <p>The generational change in the House of Orange-Nassau gave the Netherlands a moment of celebration and pageantry at a time of recession brought on by the European economic crisis. </p> <p>The much-loved Beatrix ended her reign in a nationally televised signing ceremony as thousands of orange-clad people cheered outside. Her retirement followed in the tradition of her mother and grandmother.</p> <p>Willem-Alexander&#039;s popular Argentine-born wife became Queen Maxima and their eldest daughter, Catharina-Amalia, became Princess of Orange and first in line to the throne.</p> <p>The king, a water management specialist, has said he will bring a less formal touch to the monarchy.</p>	<p>Former prime minister Tupua was elected head of state by parliament for a five-year term in 2007 on the death of paramount chief Malietoa Tanumafili II, who had been in office since independence. With the election of Tupua, Samoa switched from being a constitutional monarchy to being a republic. </p> <p>Born in 1938, Tupua is an academic historian and a member of one of the leading extended families of the country. </p> <p>He entered parliament as a Christian Democrat MP in 1966, and served as prime minister in 1976-82 and deputy prime minister in 1985-88. </p>
Head of state > Summary	King Willem-Alexander with former queen Beatrix and Queen Maxima	Tupua first entered parliament in 1966
Prime minister	Mark Rutte	Tuila&#039;epa Sailele Malielegaoi
Prime minister > Profile	<p>Mark Rutte won a second term in October 2012 when his liberal People&#039;s Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) formed a coalition with the centre-left Labour Party after narrowly beating it in parliamentary elections.</p> <p>The VVD won 41 seats in the 150-member lower house - a lead of just two seats over Labour - in the September vote.</p> <p>Mr Rutte&#039;s previous cabinet - a minority coalition with the centre-right Christian Democratic Appeal - had collapsed after only two years in office.</p> <p>It resigned in April 2012 when populist politician Geert Wilders&#039; eurosceptic, anti-immigration Freedom Party, which had been propping up the government without joining it, refused to back a tough austerity package.</p> <p>The cuts were intended to comply with EU deficit targets.</p> <p>Mark Rutte&#039;s new cabinet was seen as more pro-austerity and pro-EU than his last one.</p> <p>The new coalition warned that tough measures would be needed to weather the financial crisis and secure the Netherlands&#039; economic future.</p> <p>The Freedom Party, which had held the balance of power in the previous parliament, suffered heavy losses in the September 2012 poll and came a distant third, tying with the left-wing Socialist Party.</p>	<p>Prime Minister Tuila&#039;epa&#039;s ruling Human Rights Protection Party (HRPP) gained a landslide victory in parliamentary polls in March 2011, heralding a fourth term for the premier. </p><p>The HRPP won 36 seats out of the 49 available in the Samoan parliament, the Fono. The opposition Tautua Samoa Party (TSP), contesting an election for the first time since its formation in 2008, won the remaining 13 seats. </p> <p>Mr Tuila&#039;epa won his seat unopposed, despite criticism over the government&#039;s handling of a deadly tsunami that struck the country in 2009. However, three of his cabinet ministers lost their seats in the election. </p> <p>He first became prime minister in 1998 when his predecessor, Tofilau Eti Alesana, resigned on health grounds after 16 years in the job. </p> <p>Born in 1945 and an economist by training, Mr Tuila&#039;epa was educated in Samoa and New Zealand, where he gained a master&#039;s degree - the first Samoan to do so. </p> <p>In 1978 he moved to Brussels to work for the European Economic Community. He entered the Fono two years later, while simultaneously working as a partner in the accounting firm Coopers and Lybrand. </p> <p>All but two of the seats in the Fono are reserved for ethnic Samoans and only the heads of extended families, known as &quot;matai&quot;, may stand for election to them. The Fono selects the prime minister. </p>
Prime minister > Summary	Mark Rutte won a fresh mandate in September 2012	Tuila&#039;epa Sailele Malielegaoi, in office since 1998

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