Félix-Édouard-Justin-Émile Borel (January 7, 1871 - February 3, 1956) was a French mathematician and politician. January 7 is the 7th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1871 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday. ... A mathematician is a person whose area of study and research is mathematics. ... A politician is an individual involved in politics. ...

Émile Borel was born in Saint-Affrique, France. Along with René Baire and Henri Lebesgue, he was among the pioneers of measure theory and its application to probability theory. The concept of a Borel set is named in his honor. One of his books on probability introduced the amusing thought experiment that entered popular culture under the name infinite monkey theorem or the like. He also published a number of research papers on game theory. Henri Léon Lebesgue (June 28, 1875 – July 26, 1941) was a French mathematician, most famous for his theory of integration. ... In mathematics, a measure is a function that assigns a number, e. ... Probability theory is the mathematical study of probability. ... In mathematics, the Borel algebra (or Borel σ-algebra) on a topological space is either of two σ-algebras on a topological space X: The minimal σ-algebra containing the open sets. ... In philosophy, physics, and other fields, a thought experiment (from the German Gedankenexperiment) is an attempt to solve a problem using the power of human imagination. ... According to Kolmogorovs zero-one law, given enough time, a hypothetical dactylographic monkey will eventually type out a copy of one of Shakespeares plays. ... Game theory is a branch of applied mathematics that uses models to study interactions with formalised incentive structures (games). It has applications in a variety of fields, including economics, international relations, evolutionary biology, political science, and military strategy. ...

In 1913 and 1914 he bridged the gap between hyperbolic geometry and special relativity with expository work. 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... 1914 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... A triangle immersed in a saddle-shape plane, as well as two diverging parallel lines. ... Special relativity (SR) or the special theory of relativity is the physical theory published in 1905 by Albert Einstein. ...

In the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s he was active in politics: he was for many years member of the French parliament and navy secretary. During the Second World War he was a member of the French Resistance. He died in Paris. Sometimes referred to as the Roaring Twenties. Events and trends Technology John T. Thompson invents Thompson submachine gun, also known as Tommy Gun. ... Events and trends Technology Jet engine invented Science Nuclear fission discovered by Otto Hahn, Lise Meitner and Fritz Strassmann Pluto, the ninth planet from the Sun, is discovered by Clyde Tombaugh British biologist Arthur Tansley coins term ecosystem War, peace and politics Socialists proclaim The death of Capitalism Rise to... Centuries: 19th century - 20th century - 21st century Decades: 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s - 1940s - 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s Years: 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 Events and trends Technology First nuclear bomb First cruise missile, the V1 flying bomb and the first ballistic missile, the... Mushroom cloud from the nuclear explosion over Nagasaki rising 18 km into the air. ... The French Resistance is the name used for resistance movements that fought military occupation of France by Nazi Germany and the resulting Vichy France during World War II after France surrendered in 1940. ... The Eiffel Tower has become the symbol of Paris throughout the world. ...

Besides a crater on the Moon, the following entities are named for him: Borel is a tiny lunar impact crater located in the southeast part of Mare Serenitatis. ... Crust composition Oxygen 43% Silicon 21% Aluminium 10% Calcium 9% Iron 9% Magnesium 5% Titanium 2% Nickel 0. ...

• Borel's paradox
• Heine-Borel theorem
• Borel-Cantelli lemma
• Borel algebra
• Borel measure
• Borel space
• Borel's lemma

In mathematical analysis, the Heine-Borel theorem states: A subset of the real numbers R is compact iff it is closed and bounded. ... In probability theory, the Borel_Cantelli lemma is a theorem about sequences of events. ... In mathematics, the Borel algebra (or Borel σ-algebra) on a topological space X is either of the two σ-algebras: The minimal σ-algebra containing the open sets. ... In mathematics, the Borel algebra is the smallest σ-algebra on the real numbers R containing the intervals, and the Borel measure is the measure on this σ-algebra which gives to the interval [a, b] the measure b − a (where a < b). ...

External links

• MacTutor Borel biography (http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/history/Mathematicians/Borel.html)