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.uk
Nominet.uk -- The UK Internet names organization
Introduced 1985
TLD type Country code top-level domain
Status Active
Registry Nominet UK
Sponsoring organization Nominet UK
Intended use Entities connected with United Kingdom
Actual use Very popular in U.K., especially .co.uk subdomain - as at 31 December 2005 there were 4,611,923 registrations [2]
Registration restrictions None for .co.uk and .org.uk; other subdomains have differing restrictions
Structure Second-level registrations prohibited (but a few old ones grandfathered); registration is at third level beneath generic-category 2nd level domains except under .sch.uk where registration is at fourth level
Documents
Dispute policies DRS Policy
Web site nic.uk

.uk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United Kingdom. Image File history File links NominetUKLogo. ... This article is about the year. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... Nominet UK is the . ... Nominet UK is the . ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... .sch. ... A top-level domain (TLD) is the last part of an Internet domain name; that is, the letters which follow the final dot of any URL. For example, in the domain name wikipedia. ... A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ...


The use of .uk rather than .gb for the top-level domain is due to its pre-existing use in the (now obsolete) JANET Name Registration Scheme in which the order of address components were reversed. .uk was made available in DNS to simplify the translation to and from these addresses. There were plans to eventually transition to .gb, but this never occurred and the use of .uk is now entrenched. .gb is an Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United Kingdom. ... A top-level domain (TLD) is the last part of an Internet domain name; that is, the letters which follow the final dot of any URL. For example, in the domain name wikipedia. ... The JANET NRS (Name Registration Scheme) was a hierarchical naming scheme adopted for use on United Kingdom academic and research networks before the similar system used by the Internet DNS had been fully established. ... The Domain Name System or DNS is a system that stores information about host names and domain names in a kind of distributed database on networks, such as the Internet. ...


As with other ccTLDs in the early days it was originally delegated to an individual by Jon Postel. In time, it passed to (Dr Willie Black) at the UK Education and Research Networking Association (UKERNA). Domain requests were emailed to - and manually screened by - the UK Naming Committee before being processed by UKERNA. This Committee was in practice a mailing list of representatives of all organisations involved in the UK Internet system at the time. A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is a top-level domain used and reserved for a country or a dependent territory. ... In common speech, the word individual most often refers to a person, or, by analogy, to any specific object in a group of things. ... Jon Postel (Photo by Irene Fertik, USC News Service. ... UKERNA is the trading name for the JNT Association, which since 1994 has had responsibility for the management of the United Kingdom’s Higher Education networking programme. ... Domain has several meanings: // General some kind of territory, such as (for example) a demesne or a realm synonymous with a metaphorical field, e. ... UKERNA is the trading name for the JNT Association, which since 1994 has had responsibility for the management of the United Kingdom’s Higher Education networking programme. ... A committee is a (relatively) small group that can serve one of several functions: Governance: in organizations too large for all the members to participate in decisions affecting the organization as a whole, a committee (such as a Board of Directors) is given the power to make decisions. ... A legislature is a governmental deliberative body with the power to adopt laws. ...


By the mid-1990s the growth of the Internet, and particularly the advent of the World Wide Web was pushing requests for domain name registrations up to levels that were not manageable by a group of part-time voluntary managers. Oliver Smith of Demon Internet forced the issue by providing the committee with a series of automated tools, called the "automaton", which formalized and automated the naming process end to end. This allowed many more registrations to be processed far more reliably and rapidly, and inspired individuals such as Ivan Pope to explore more entrepreneurial approaches to registration. The 1990s decade refers to the years from 1990 to 1999, inclusive. ... You might also be looking for the 2005 video game Advent Rising. ... This NeXTcube used by Berners-Lee at CERN became the first Web server. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Domain Name System. ... Demon Internet is a British Internet Service Provider. ...


Various plans were put forward for the possible management of the domain, mostly ISPs seeking to stake a claim, each of which were naturally unacceptable to the rest of the committee. In response to this Dr Black, as the .uk Name, stepped up with a bold proposal for a not-for-profit commercial entity to deal with the .uk domain properly. Commercial interests initially balked at this, but with widespread support Nominet UK was formed to be the .uk Network Information Centre, a role which it continues to this day. ISP may mean: Internet service provider, an organization that offers users access to the Internet and related services. ... Nominet UK is the . ...


The general form of the rules (i.e. which domains can be registered and whether to allow second level domains) was set by the Naming Committee. Nominet has not made major changes to the rules, although it has introduced a new second level domain .me.uk for individuals.


It is prohibited to register a domain name directly under .uk (such as .internet.uk) and a second-level domain must be used (such as internet.co.uk).


However, some domains delegated before the creation of Nominet UK remain. Examples include parliament.uk (Parliament), bl.uk and british-library.uk (the British Library), nls.uk (the National Library of Scotland) and jet.uk (UKAEA as operator of the Joint European Torus experimental fusion tokamak). No new 'normal' registrations at the second level are accepted although there is a system for allocating new second level domains to expand the capacity of the system. Such allocations are rarely made. The Houses of Parliament, seen over Westminster Bridge The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ... British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ... The building on George IV bridge The National Library of Scotland is a legal deposit library in Scotland. ... The United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority was established in 1954 as a statutory corporation to oversee and pioneer the development of nuclear energy within the United Kingdom. ... Split image of JET with right side showing hot plasma during a shot. ... A split image of the largest tokamak in the world, the JET, showing hot plasma in the right image during a shot. ...


It is possible to directly register a domain name with Nominet UK but it is faster and cheaper to do it via a Nominet tag holder. Nominet UK is the . ...

Contents


Second-level domains

  • .ac.uk - academic (tertiary education and research establishments) and learned societies.
  • .co.uk - commercial/general
  • .gov.uk - government (central and local)
  • .ltd.uk - limited companies
  • .me.uk - personal
  • .mil.uk - Ministry of Defence
  • .mod.uk - Ministry of Defence and HM Forces public sites
  • .net.uk - ISPs and network companies
  • .nic.uk - network use only
  • .nhs.uk - National Health Service institutions
  • .org.uk - non-profit organisations
  • .plc.uk - public limited companies
  • .police.uk - police forces
  • .sch.uk - schools, primary and secondary education

A learned society is a society that exists to promote an academic discipline or group of disciplines. ... A limited company in the United Kingdom is a company whose liability is limited by English law or Scots law. ... . ... Main Building - The Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence, Whitehall, Westminster, London Tri-service badge of the UK armed forces The Ministry of Defence (MoD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and the headquarters of the UK military. ... Main Building - The Headquarters of the Ministry of Defence, Whitehall, Westminster, London Tri-service badge of the UK armed forces The Ministry of Defence (MoD) is the United Kingdom government department responsible for implementation of government defence policy and the headquarters of the UK military. ... The armed forces of the United Kingdom are known as the British Armed Forces or Her Majestys Armed Forces, officially the Armed Forces of the Crown. ... The logo of the NHS for England. ...

Rejected second-level domains

  • .soc.uk - proposed for Social and Society use.
  • .me.uk - the PDN version - similar to the one that was chosen but outsourced to the proposer.
  • .scot.uk - A domain for Scotland; it did not have the support of the Scottish internet community, many of whom favour a wholly separate Scottish ccTLD (see .sco). It was another attempt to outsource an SLD to the proposer.

. ... .scot. ... .sco (dotSCO) is a proposed top-level domain. ...

Individual institutions

British Library Ossulston St entrance, with distinctive red logo. ... The Imperial Cancer Research Fund was a cancer research organization in the United Kingdom. ... Split image of JET with right side showing hot plasma during a shot. ... The building on George IV bridge The National Library of Scotland is a legal deposit library in Scotland. ... The Houses of Parliament, seen over Westminster Bridge The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ... The Constitution of the United Kingdom is an area of uncodified law, consisting of both written and unwritten sources. ... The Houses of Parliament, seen over Westminster Bridge The Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is the supreme legislative institution in the United Kingdom and British overseas territories (it alone has parliamentary sovereignty). ... For the national legislative body adjourned in 1707, see Parliament of Scotland. ...

Inactive second-level domains

  • .govt.uk - former government domain, now deleted and replaced by .gov.uk
  • .lea.uk - local education authorities; since fallen out of use.
  • .orgn.uk - former non-profit organisations domain, now deleted and replaced by .org.uk

.co.uk, .ltd.uk, .me.uk, .net.uk, .nic.uk, .org.uk, .plc.uk and .sch.uk are managed by Nominet UK and except for .nic.uk are available for registration by the public (though they all carry various degrees of restrictions). The other second-level domains are managed by various government agencies, and generally more strongly controlled. A Local Education Authority (LEA) is the part of a council in England or Wales that is responsible for education within that councils jurisdiction. ... Nominet UK is the . ...


Allocation of domain names

Allocations are on a strict first-come, first-served basis to qualified applicants. There are no territorial restrictions: applicants need not have any connection to the UK. The phrase first come, first served (sometimes first-come, first-serve or simply FCFS) indicates the policy of a particular establishment to attend to the requests of customers or clients in the order that they arrived, without other biases or preferences. ...


.co.uk is by far the most used of the domains, followed by .org.uk. .plc.uk and .ltd.uk are only rarely used.


The intended restriction of .co.uk to companies are purely nominal; in practice it is open to any and all applicants. Likewise, whilst .org.uk is for organisations, there are no restrictions on registering domains. While .me.uk originally had no restrictions on registrants it has since been tightened up to require registrants to be natural persons (i.e. not companies, etc).


However, registrants in .ltd.uk must be, and remain, private limited companies incorporated under the UK Companies Act 1985. In addition, names can only be registered if they correspond (in accordance with the algorithm in the rules of registration) with the exact company name, as recorded at the companies registry at Companies House. The same conditions apply for .plc.uk, but for public limited companies. Companies House is an Executive Agency of the Department of Trade and Industry. ...


.net.uk is more open, but the Nominet regulations still mean that a registrant must be an ISP, or a similar body, and that the domain is not used for providing services to end-users. .nic.uk, however, is limited solely to domains operated by Nominet.


.ac.uk domains are intended for the use of higher education institutions (beyond compulsory education age), and are also used by some academic support bodies such as the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (www.ucas.ac.uk), public research establishments, and learned societies such as the Royal Society (royalsoc.ac.uk) and the Royal Institution (ri.ac.uk). Primary and secondary education uses .sch.uk. This page is about the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. ... A learned society is a society that exists to promote an academic discipline or group of disciplines. ... The premises of the Royal Society in London (first four properties only). ... The Royal Institution of Great Britain was set up in 1799 by the leading British scientists of the age, including Henry Cavendish and its first president George Finch, the 9th Earl of Winchilsea, for diffusing the knowledge, and facilitating the general introduction, of useful mechanical inventions and improvements; and for...


Unusually, .sch.uk domains are allocated at the fourth level, with the third level being taken up by the name of the local education authority (LEA) e.g. someschool.lea.sch.uk. For example, Tiffin School in Kingston upon Thames has the web address www.tiffin.kingston.sch.uk. Previously applications were made in the normal way, but after Nominet came to an arrangement with the education authorities, one domain per school was issued automatically. A Local Education Authority (LEA) is the part of a council in England or Wales that is responsible for education within that councils jurisdiction. ... Kingston upon Thames, part of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames, is an ancient market town where Saxon kings were crowned, and is now a lively suburb of London. ...


See also

.gb is an Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United Kingdom. ... .sco (dotSCO) is a proposed top-level domain. ...

External links

  • IANA .uk whois information
  • .uk registry website
  • List of Nominet UK tag holder


Country code top-level domains
Active:  .ac  .ad  .ae  .af  .ag  .ai  .al  .am  .an  .ao  .aq  .ar  .as  .at  .au  .aw  .az  .ba  .bb  .bd  .be  .bf  .bg  .bh  .bi  .bj  .bm  .bn  .bo  .br  .bs  .bt  .bv  .bw  .by  .bz  .ca  .cc  .cd  .cf  .cg  .ch  .ci  .ck  .cl  .cm  .cn  .co  .cr  .cu  .cv  .cx  .cy  .cz  .de  .dj  .dk  .dm  .do  .dz  .ec  .ee  .eg  .er  .es  .et  .fi  .fj  .fk  .fm  .fo  .fr  .ga  .gd  .ge  .gf  .gg  .gh  .gi  .gl  .gm  .gn  .gp  .gq  .gr  .gs  .gt  .gu  .gw  .gy  .hk  .hm  .hn  .hr  .ht  .hu  .id  .ie  .il  .im  .in  .io  .ir  .is  .it  .je  .jm  .jo  .jp  .ke  .kg  .kh  .ki  .km  .kn  .kr  .kw  .ky  .kz  .la  .lb  .lc  .li  .lk  .lr  .ls  .lt  .lu  .lv  .ly  .ma  .mc  .md  .mg  .mh  .mk  .ml  .mm  .mn  .mo  .mp  .mq  .mr  .ms  .mt  .mu  .mv  .mw  .mx  .my  .mz  .na  .nc  .ne  .nf  .ng  .ni  .nl  .no  .np  .nr  .nu  .nz  .om  .pa  .pe  .pf  .pg  .ph  .pk  .pl  .pm  .pn  .pr  .ps  .pt  .pw  .py  .qa  .re  .ro  .ru  .rw  .sa  .sb  .sc  .sd  .se  .sg  .sh  .si  .sk  .sl  .sm  .sn  .sr  .st  .su  .sv  .sy  .sz  .tc  .td  .tf  .tg  .th  .tj  .tk  .tm  .tn  .to  .tr  .tt  .tv  .tw  .tz  .ua  .ug  .uk  .us  .uy  .uz  .va  .vc  .ve  .vg  .vi  .vn  .vu  .wf  .ws  .ye  .yt  .yu  .za  .zm  .zw

Reserved/unassigned:  .ax  .cs  .eh  .kp       Allocated/unused:  .bv  .gb  .iq  .sj  .so  .um       Startup/transition:  .eu  .tl  .tp       Deleted/retired:  .bu  .cs  .dd  .zr

See also: Generic top-level domains


 

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