The year 1988 in science and technology Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Science For the scientific journal named Science, see Science (journal). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Astronomy and space exploration

• September 29 - NASA resumes space shuttle flights, grounded after the Challenger disaster
• November 15 - In the Soviet Union, the uncrewed Shuttle Buran is launched by an Energia rocket on her maiden orbital spaceflight (this was the first and last space flight for the shuttle).

September 29 is the 272nd day of the year (273rd in leap years). ... NASA logo Listen to this article · (info) This audio file was created from an article revision dated 2005-09-01, and does not reflect subsequent edits to the article. ... The Space Shuttle Columbia seconds after engine ignition, 1981 (NASA). ... The Challenger breaks apart 73 seconds into its final mission, STS-51-L. Space Shuttle Challenger (NASA Orbiter Vehicle Designation: OV-099) was NASAs second Space Shuttle orbiter to be put into service, after Columbia. ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... An artists rendition of a Soviet space shuttle lifting off atop the immense Energia booster. ... Energia on the launch pad Energia on the launch pad Energia on the launch pad Energia lifting off with the Polyus military payload The Energia (or Energiya, Энергия in Cyrillic) rocket was a Soviet rocket that was designed by NPO Energia to serve as a heavy-lift expendable launch system as... In physics, an orbit is the path that an object makes, around another object, whilst under the influence of a source of centripetal force, such as gravity. ...

Computer science

• November 2 - The Morris worm is unleashed on the Internet
• November 17 - The Netherlands becomes the second country to get connected to the Internet.

November 2 is the 306th day of the year (307th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 59 days remaining. ... The Morris worm or Internet worm was one of the first computer worms distributed via the Internet; it is considered the first worm and was certainly the first to gain significant mainstream media attention. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece. ... The Netherlands (Dutch: Nederland) is the European part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: Koninkrijk der Nederlanden). ...

Awards

• Nobel Prizes
  • Physics - Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, Jack Steinberger
  • Chemistry - Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel
  • Medicine - Sir James W. Black, Gertrude B. Elion, George H. Hitchings
• Turing Award - Ivan Sutherland

This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Hannes Alfvén, 1970 winner for work on astrophysical plasmas List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physics from 1901 to the present day. ... Leon Max Lederman (born July 15, 1922) is an American experimental physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1988 for his work on neutrinos. ... Melvin Schwartz (born November 2, 1932) is an American physicist. ... Jack Steinberger (born May 25, 1921) is a physicist. ... This is a list of Nobel Prize laureates in Chemistry from 1901 to the present day. ... Johann Deisenhofer (born September 30, 1943) is a German biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the structure of a membrane-bound complex of proteins and co-factors that is essential to photosynthesis. ... Robert Huber is a German biochemist and Nobel laureate. ... Hartmut Michel is a German biochemist and Nobel Laureate. ... List of Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine from 1901 to the present day. ... Sir James Whyte Black, OM, FRS (born 14 July 1924) is a Scottish pharmacologist who invented Propranolol, synthesized Cimetidine and received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1988 for these landmark discoveries. ... Gertrude B. Elion (January 23, 1918 - February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, and a 1988 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ... George H. Hitchings (1905-1998) shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir James Black and Gertrude Elion for their discoveries of important principles for drug treatment, Hitchings specifically for his work on chemotherapy. ... The A.M. Turing Award is given annually by the Association for Computing Machinery to a person selected for contributions of a technical nature made to the computing community. ... Ivan Edward Sutherland (born 1938- in Hastings, Nebraska), younger brother of Bert Sutherland, was the inventor of Sketchpad, an innovative program that influenced alternative forms of interaction with computers. ...

Births

Deaths

• January 11 - I.I. Rabi (b. 1898), American physicist, winner of Nobel Prize in Physics in 1944 for invention of the atomic beam magnetic resonance method of measuring magnetic properties of atoms and molecules.
• February 15 - Richard Feynman (b. 1918), American physicist, winner of Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965 for his work on quantum electrodynamics.
• May 8 - Robert A. Heinlein (b. 1907), "hard" science fiction author
• May 25 - Ernst Ruska (b. 1906), Nobel Prize Physicist