Acyl is an organicradical (or functional group) obtained from an organic acid by the removal of the carboxylichydroxyl group. Acyl groups can be written as -COR, where there is a double bond between the carbon and oxygen. The names of acyl groups typically end in -yl, such as formyl, propyl, benzoyl. Acyl groups can be used in Friedel-Crafts acylation.
In chemistry, the term acyl halide (also known as acid halide) refers to a compound derived from an acid by replacing a hydroxylgroup with a halide group.
A common method for the synthesis of acyl halides in the laboratory is by reaction of carboxylic acids with reagents such as thionyl chloride and phosphorus pentachloride for acyl halides, phosphorus tribromide for acyl bromides and cyanuric fluoride for acyl fluorides
Acyl halides are artificial (meaning not found in nature), rather reactive compounds often synthesized to be used as intermediates in the synthesis of other organic compounds.
In chemistry, the term acyl or acylgroup refers to a functional group obtained from an acid by removal of a hydroxylgroup.
It therefore has the formula RC(=O)-, with a double bond between the carbon and oxygen atoms (thus forming a carbonyl group), and a single bond between R and the carbon; R denotes the group that occurs in the original carboxylic acid RCOOH.
Acylgroups can also be derived from other types of acids such as sulfonic acids, phosphonic acids, and some others.
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