NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Agriculturalist

A farmer is a person who is engaged in agrarian business by using land. The term farmer usually applies to a person who grows field crops, orchards, vineyards or market gardens with a view to selling to others as food. They may, however, provide raw materials for industrial purposes such as grains for alcoholic beverages, fruit for juices, hides for leather, and wool or flax for yarns and cloth-making. Farmers may also be involved in rearing cattle for meat or milk. A farmer engaged in large scale cattle raising for meat is usually referred to as a rancher, grazier or stockman. The term dairy farmer is applied to those engaged milk production. A poultry farmer is one who concentrates on raising chickens, turkeys, domesticated ducks and geese, or is involved in egg production. A person who raises a variety of vegetables for market may be called a truck farmer or market gardener. Special terms apply to those who husband domesticated animals, namely shepherd for sheep farmers and goatherd for goat farmers. Often, a narrow range of crops or produce is sold for money with which the farmer buys everything else in a market. This is a lifeway that was the dominant occupation of the majority of human beings well into the 20th century. Download high resolution version (640x640, 299 KB)Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Download high resolution version (640x640, 299 KB)Farmer spreading grasshopper bait in his alfalfa field. ... Families Acrididae Charilaidae Dericorythidae Eumastacidae Euschmidtiidae Lathiceridae Lentulidae Lithidiidae Ommexechidae Pamphagidae Pneumoridae Pyrgacrididae Pyrgomorphidae Romaleidae Tanaoceridae Tetrigidae Thericleidae Tridactylidae Tristiridae The Caelifera are a family of herbivorous insects of the order Orthoptera, commonly called grasshoppers in English. ... Bait is any substance used to attract prey, especially fish. ... Species Medicago arabica Medicago heldreichii Medicago hybrida Medicago laciniata Medicago littoralis Medicago lupulina Medicago minima Medicago monantha Medicago monspeliaca Medicago orbicularis Medicago polymorpha Medicago praecox Medicago rigidula Medicago rugosa Medicago ruthenica Medicago sativa Medicago scutellata Medicago secundiflora Medicago truncatula Medicago turbinata Ref: ITIS 183622 as of 2002-07-31 Alfalfa... Farming, ploughing rice paddy, in Indonesia Agriculture is the process of producing food, feed, fiber and other desired products by cultivation of certain plants and the raising of domesticated animals (livestock). ... An orchard is an intentional planting of trees maintained for food production. ... A vineyard A vineyard is a place where grapes are grown for making wine, raisins, or table grapes. ... An assortment of grains The word grain has a great many meanings, most being descriptive of a small piece or particle. ... Alcoholic beverages are drinks containing ethanol, popularly called alcohol. ... In botany, a fruit is the ripened ovary, together with its seeds, of a flowering plant. ... Juice is the liquid naturally contained in plants. ... Modern leather-making tools Leather is a material created through the tanning of hides, pelts and skins of animals, primarily cows. ... This article is about wool, the fiber. ... Binomial name Linum usitatissimum L. Linnaeus, 17?? Common flax (also known as linseed) is a member of the Linaceae family, which includes about 150 plant species widely distributed around the world. ... Yarn Yarn is a long continuous length of interlocked fibers, suitable for use in the production of textiles, sewing, knitting, weaving and ropemaking. ... Meat is animal flesh (mainly muscle tissue) used as food, sometimes with the exception of fish, other seafood, and poultry. ... A glass of milk Milk most often means the nutrient fluid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals. ... Ranching is the raising of cattle or sheep on rangeland, although one might also speak of ranching with regard to less common livestock such as elk, bison or emu. ... Dairy farm near Oxford, New York, July 2001 In many northern-hemisphere countries a dairy is a facility for the extraction and processing of animal milk (mostly from cows, sometimes from buffaloes or goats) for human consumption. ... The Poultry-dealer. ... Alternate uses: Chicken (disambiguation) Binomial name Gallus gallus ( Linnaeus, 1758) A chicken is a type of domesticated bird which is usually raised as a type of poultry. ... Species Meleagris gallopavo Meleagris ocellata A turkey is either of two species of large birds in the gamebird family with fan-shaped tails and wattled necks. ... Domesticated animals, plants, and other organisms are those whose collective behavior, life cycle, or physiology has been altered as a result of their breeding and living conditions being under human control for multiple generations. ... For other uses of the word duck, see Duck (disambiguation) Subfamilies Dendrocygninae Oxyurinae Anatinae Merginae Drake Mallard Duck is the common name for a number of types of bird in the family Anatidae. ... Other uses: Goose (disambiguation) Genera Anser Branta Chen Cereopsis † see also: Swan, Duck Anatidae Goose (plural geese) is the general English name for a considerable number of birds, belonging to the family Anatidae. ... Bird and fish eggs are common food sources. ... In a draw in a mountainous region, a shepherd guides a flock of about 20 sheep amidst scrub and olive trees. ... In a draw in a mountainous region, a shepherd guides a flock of about 20 sheep amidst scrub and olive trees. ... This article is about the animal, sheep; for other meanings of Sheep, see Sheep (disambiguation). ... A goatherd is a person who herds goats for a living. ... Categories: Animal stubs ... Moneys is an agreement within a community, to use something as a medium of exchange, which acts as an intermediary market good. ... Chichicastenango, Guatemala traditional market Market stall in internally displaced persons camp in Kitgum, northern Uganda Mercado dos Lavradores, Funchal (Madeira Islands) A market is a mechanism which allows people to trade, normally governed by the theory of supply and demand. ... For the religious publishing house, see LifeWay Christian Resources. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...

In the context of developing nations or other pre-industrial cultures, most farmers practice a meager subsistence agriculture - a simple organic farming system with simple crop rotation or other techniques to maximize yield, using saved seed which is native to the ecoregion. In developed nations such a person using simple techniques on small patches of land might be called a gardener and be considered a hobbyist - or may be driven into such primitive methods by simple poverty. Or, ironically, in the context of large-scale agribusiness, be an organic farmer growing for discerning consumers in the local food market. A developing country is a country with low average income compared to the world average. ... Subsistence agriculture is agriculture carried out for survival — with few or no crops available for sale. ... Organic farming is a way of farming that avoids the use of synthetic chemicals and genetically modified organisms (GMOs), and usually subscribes to the principles of sustainable agriculture. ... Growing the same crop repeatedly in the same place eventually depletes the soil of various nutrients. ... An ecoregion is a relatively large area of land or water that contains a geographically distinct assemblage of natural communities. ... A developed country is a country that is technologically advanced and that enjoys a relatively high standard of living. ... A gardener is any person involved in the growing and maintenance of plants, notably in a garden. ... This article is about pastimes. ... Poverty is the state of being without, often associated with need, hardship and lack of resources across a wide range of cirstance. ... Local food (also regional food) is a principle of sustainability relying on consumption of food products that are locally grown. ...

In developed nations, a farmer (as a profession) is usually defined as someone with an ownership interest in crops or livestock, and who provides labor or management in their production. Those who provide only labor but not management, and do not have ownership, are most often called farmhands, or, if they supervise a leased strip of land growing only one crop, as sharecroppers or croppers. In the context of agribusiness, a farmer can be almost anyone - and can legally qualify under agricultural policy for various subsidies, incentives and tax reliefs. This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... Sheep are commonly bred as livestock. ... Sharecropping is a system of farming in which employee farmers work a parcel of land in return for a fraction of the parcels crops. ... In agriculture, agribusiness is a generic term that refers to the various businesses involved in the food production chain, including farming, seed, agrichemicals, farm machinery, wholesaling, processing, distribution, and retail sales. ... Subsidies status Currently, economic studies place the average farmer subsidy at US$17,000/year for European farmers, and US$16,000/year for U.S. farmers. ... A subsidy is generally a monetary grant given by government in support of an activity regarded as being in the public interest. ...

Because of this diversity of terms, and the availability of money for those who "qualify" as farmers, grower is a more neutral word for this lifeway.

The Dutch word for farmer is boer, from which the Boer people of South Africa took their name. Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ... Afrikaners (sometimes known as Boers) are white South Africans, predominantly of Calvinist German, French Huguenot, Friesian and Walloons descent who speak Afrikaans. ...

Notable farmers:

Farmers in fiction: José Bové (born June 11, 1953) is a French farmer, anarcho-syndicalist, and member of the anti-globalization movement, and spokesperson for Via Campesina. ... Order: 39th President Vice President: Walter Mondale Term of office: January 20, 1977 – January 20, 1981 Preceded by: Gerald Ford Succeeded by: Ronald Reagan Date of birth: October 1, 1924 Place of birth: Plains, Georgia First Lady: Rosalynn Carter Political party: Democratic James Earl Jimmy Carter, Jr. ... George Washington Carver, 1906 George Washington Carver (January 1, 1860 - January 5, 1943) was an American botanist who introduced crop rotation to southern U.S. agriculture and developed hundreds of uses for the peanut and other plants. ... Order: 3rd President Vice President: Aaron Burr; George Clinton Term of office: March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1809 Preceded by: John Adams Succeeded by: James Madison Date of birth: April 13, 1743 Place of birth: Shadwell, Virginia Date of death: July 4, 1826 Place of death: Charlottesville, Virginia First Lady... Order: 1st President Vice President: John Adams Term of office: April 30, 1789 – March 3, 1797 Preceded by: None Succeeded by: John Adams Date of birth: February 22, 1732 Place of birth: Westmoreland, Virginia Date of death: December 14, 1799 Place of death: Mount Vernon, Virginia First Lady: Martha Washington...

Farmer Giles of Ham, novel, J. R. R. Tolkien
Farmer In The Sky, science-fiction novel, Robert Heinlein
Farmer Jones, whose animals revolt in George Orwell's Animal Farm
Farmer McGregor, from The Tale of Peter Rabbit by Beatrix Potter.
Farmer Palmer, comic strip, Viz
The Joad Family, from The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck
The Goodnoughs, from The Tie That Binds by Kent Haruf
Fred Dagg, character created by New Zealand performer John Clarke
The Archers, radio serial, BBC

Farmer Giles of Ham (1949) is a short story written by J. R. R. Tolkien. ... J. R. R. Tolkien in 1916. ... Farmer In The Sky is a 1950 science fiction novel by Robert Heinlein about a boy who emigrates to Jupiters moon Ganymede, which is in the process of being terraformed, and who creates a farm out of gravel. ... Robert A. Heinlein Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the most influential authors in the science fiction genre. ... George Orwell George Orwell was the pen name of British author Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903–21 January 1950). ... Animal Farm book cover Animal Farm is a satirical novel (which can also be understood as a modern fable or allegory) by George Orwell, ostensibly about a group of animals who oust the humans from the farm they live on and endeavour to run it themselves, only to have it... The Tale of Peter Rabbit is the first of many childrens tales written and illustrated by Beatrix Potter. ... Farmer Palmer is a character in the British comic, VIZ. As the name suggests, Farmer Palmer is a parody of farmers in Britain. ... Viz is a popular British adult spoof comic magazine. ... The Grapes of Wrath book cover The Grapes of Wrath is a work of fiction published by John Steinbeck in 1939, in which descriptive, narrative, and philosophical passages succeed one another. ... John Ernst Steinbeck (February 27, 1902 - December 20, 1968) was one of the most famous American novelists of the 20th century. ... Kent Harufs [pronounced to rhyme with sheriff] novel The Tie That Binds (1984), is the fictitious story of 80 year-old Edith Goodnough of Holt County, Colorado, as told to an unnamed inquirer on a Sunday afternoon in the spring of 1977 by her 50 year-old neighbour, a... Fred Dagg is a fictional archetype satirist from New Zealand created and acted by John Morrison Clarke. ... The Archers was also a film production company responsible for many classic British films in the 1940s and 50s. ... ...

Related topics

See also