Andre Alice Norton (February 17, 1912 – March 17, 2005), science fiction and fantasy author (with some works of historical fiction and contemporary fiction), was born Alice Mary Norton in Cleveland, Ohio, in the United States. She published her first novel in 1934. She was the first woman to receive the Gandalf Grand Master Award from the World Science Fiction Society in 1977, and she won the Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award from the SFWA in 1983. She wrote under the noms de plume Andre Norton, Andrew North and Allen Weston. February 17 is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1912 (MCMXII) was a leap year starting on Monday in the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Tuesday in the 13-day-slower Julian calendar). ... March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Fantasy is a genre of art that uses magic and other supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, or setting. ... A historical novel is a novel in which the story is set among historical events, or more generally, where the time the action takes place in predates the time of the first publication -- distinguish and contrast the genre of alternate history. ... Nickname: The Forest City Motto: Progress and Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1836 Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area    - City 82. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Gandalf Grand Master Award for life achievement in fantasy writing was awarded annually by the World Science Fiction Society from 1974 to 1980. ... The World Science Fiction Society is an unincorporated literary society whose purpose is to promote interest in Science Fiction. ... For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ... The Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award is an award given by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. ... Science Fiction Writers of America, or SFWA, (SFWA is pronounced seff-wah) was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight and James Blish. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A pen name or nom de plume is a pseudonym adopted by an author. ...

Biography

The parents of Alice Mary Norton were Adalbert Freely Norton, who owned a rug company, and Bertha Stemm. She began writing at Collinwood High School in Cleveland, under the tutelage of Miss Sylvia Cochrane. She was the editor of a literary page in the school's paper called The Collingwood Spotlight for which she wrote short stories. During this time, she wrote her first book—Ralestone Luck, which was eventually published as her second novel in 1938, the first being The Prince Commands in 1934. Nickname: The Forest City Motto: Progress and Prosperity Location in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, USA Coordinates: Country United States State Ohio County Cuyahoga Founded 1796 Incorporated 1836 Mayor Frank G. Jackson (D) Area    - City 82. ... Year 1938 (MCMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After graduating from high school in 1930, Norton continued her education at Flora Stone Mather College of Western Reserve University. In 1932, she began working for the Cleveland Library System and remained there for 18 years, latterly in the children's section of the Nottingham Branch Library in Cleveland. She legally changed her name to Andre Alice Norton in 1934 to appeal to a predominantly male audience and to increase her marketability. From 1940 to 1941, she worked as a special librarian in the cataloguing department of the Library of Congress, involved in a project related to alien citizenship. The project was abruptly terminated upon American entry into World War II. Year 1930 (MCMXXX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link is to a full 1930 calendar). ... Case Western Reserve University is a private research university located in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, with some residence halls on the south end of campus located in Cleveland Heights. ... 1932 (MCMXXXII) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link will take you to a full 1932 calendar). ... The Cleveland Public Library was founded in 1869 and is located in Cleveland, Ohio. ... 1934 (MCMXXXIV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... The Great Hall interior. ... Combatants Allied Powers: United Kingdom France Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Axis Powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Charles de Gaulle Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33...

In 1941, she bought a bookstore called the Mystery House in Mount Rainier, Maryland. The business failed and she returned to the Cleveland Public Library until 1950. Then she began working as a reader for Martin Greenberg at Gnome Press, where she remained until 1958, after which she became a full-time professional author. For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... Coordinates , Government Country  State   County United States  Maryland   Prince Georges Incorporated 1910 Mayor Malinda Miles Geographical characteristics Area     City 1. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Gnome Press was a US small-press publishing company primarily known for being the first to publish Isaac Asimovs Foundation Trilogy, and for bringing Robert E. Howards Conan the Barbarian stories back from pulp obscurity. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

She was a member of the Swordsmen and Sorcerers' Guild of America (SAGA), a loose-knit group Heroic Fantasy authors founded in the 1960s, some of whose works were anthologized in Lin Carter's Flashing Swords! anthologies. The Swordsmen and Sorcerers Guild of America (SAGA) is the name of a literary group of American fantasy authors active from the 1960s through the 1980s, noted for their contributions to the fantasy subgenre of heroic fantasy or Sword and Sorcery. ... Heroic fantasy is a sub-genre of fantasy literature which chronicles the tales of heros and their conquests in imaginary lands. ... Linwood Vrooman Carter (June 9, 1930 - February 7, 1988) was an American author of science fiction and fantasy, as well as an editor and critic. ... Flashing Swords #1 Contents: Introduction: Of Swordsmen and Sorcerers by Lin Carter A Fafhrd and the Gray Mouser story: The Sadness of the Executioner by Fritz Leiber A tale of The Dying Earth: Morreion by Jack Vance A fantasy of the Vikings: The Mermans Children by Poul Anderson An...

In later years, her health became uncertain; Norton was forced to move to Florida in November 1966 and then to Murfreesboro, Tennessee. From February 21, 2005, she was under hospice care, with her health in precipitous decline. She died on March 17, 2005, peacefully in her own home, with her friend and her cats at her side. 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... Downtown Murfreesboro, Tennessee Murfreesboro is a city in Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States. ... February 21 is the 52nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Palliative care is any form of medical care or treatment that concentrates on reducing the severity of the symptoms of a disease or slows its progress rather than providing a cure. ... March 17 is the 76th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (77th in leap years). ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Her final complete novel, Three Hands for Scorpio, was published on April 1, 2005. She was collaborating with Jean Rabe on Return to Quag Keep when she died. It was completed by Rabe and published in 2006. 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

On February 20, 2005, the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, which had earlier honored her with its Grand Master Award in 1983, announced the creation of the Andre Norton Award, which will be given each year for an outstanding work of fantasy or science fiction for the young adult market, starting in 2006. The eligibility requirements and award procedures will be the same as those for the other Nebula Awards. February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Science Fiction Writers of America, or SFWA (pronounced siff-wah or seff-wah), was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight. ... The Damon Knight Memorial Grand Master Award is an award given by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. ... 1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... For the Manfred Mann album, see 2006 (album). ... The Nebula is an award given each year by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (SFWA), for the best science fiction/fantasy fiction published in the United States during the two previous years (see rolling eligibility below). ...

Often called the Grande Dame of Science Fiction and Fantasy by biographers such as J.M Cornwell and organizations such as Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America, Publishers Weekly and Time, Andre Norton wrote novels for over 70 years. She had a profound influence on the entire genre, having over 300 published titles read by at least 4 generations of science fiction and fantasy authors. Notable authors who cite her influence include Greg Bear, Lois McMaster Bujold, C.J. Cherryh, Cecilia Dart-Thornton, Tanya Huff, Mercedes Lackey, Charles de Lint, Joan D. Vinge, David Weber K. D. Wentworth and Dario de Judicibus. Science Fiction Writers of America, or SFWA (pronounced siff-wah or seff-wah), was founded in 1965 by Damon Knight. ... Publishers Weekly is a weekly trade news magazine targeted at publishers, librarians, booksellers, and literary agents. ... Gregory Dale Bear (born August 20, 1951) is a science fiction author. ... Lois McMaster Bujold (November 2, 1949, Columbus, Ohio) is an American author of science fiction and fantasy works. ... C. J. Cherryh is the slightly modified working name of author Caroline Janice Cherry (born September 1, 1942), the sister of artist David A.Cherry. ... Cecilia Dart-Thornton is an Australian author of fantasy novels, most notably the Bitterbynde Trilogy. ... Tanya Huff Tanya Sue Huff is a Canadian fantasy author born in 1957 in Halifax, Nova Scotia. ... Mercedes Lackey Mercedes Lackey (born June 24, 1950) (also known as Misty Lackey) is a prolific American author of fantasy novels. ... Charles de Lint (born December 22, 1951) is a Canadian fantasy author and Celtic folk musician. ... Joan D. Vinge (born 1948 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American science fiction author. ... Honor Harrington from Honor Among Enemies cover, by David Mattingly. ... Kathy D. Wenworth (born 1951), known as K D Wentworth, is a science fiction author. ... Dario de Judicibus Dario de Judicibus (Brescia, Italy (EU), June 25th, 1960 - living), journalist, writer of essays and novels, consultant of computer science and business strategy, involved in social volunteering. ...

Recurring Themes

In most Norton books, whether SF or fantasy, the plot takes place in the open countryside, with only short episodes in a city environment. Protagonists usually move about singly or in small groups, and in conflict situations they are more often scouts, spies or guerillas rather than regular soldiers in large military formations.

As could be expected of such characters, they tend to be resourceful and capable of taking independent initiative. In some books protagonists are introduced already in possession of such characteristics. In others the protagonists (often young) are thrust into situations where they must develop them quickly, and invariably succeed at it.

Other planets in the books are usually earthlike places, where humans can live without special protection, and have extensive flora and fauna which are described in considerable detail and often have substantial bearing on the plot. Airless planets and ones with unbreathable atmospheres are sometimes mentioned in passing, but are virtually never the main scene of a Norton book.

A common theme in the books is the presence of sympathetically presented feudal and tribal cultures. In several books Native American tribes and their various analogues are given a chance to be more successful than they were in actual American history. Non-human creatures and cultures are usually presented sympathetically, with human protagonists sometimes supporting them against oppressive human authorities. In contrast, several books present technological and mechanised cultures as negative or even positively evil. A Hupa man. ...

An important role in Norton's books is often given to animals - both ordinary terrestrial ones, such as cats (of whom she had much personal experience) and exotic fictional ones, whose characteristics are meticulously worked out. Many of Norton's animals are highly intelligent without being anthropomorphic, acting as virtually full partners to the human protagonists and in many books forming telepathic links with them. Telepathy from the Greek τηλε, tele, distant, and πάθεια, patheia, feeling, is the supposed ability to communicate information from one mind to another, and is one form of extra-sensory perception or anomalous cognition. ...

Cover of VoodooPlanet, by Andrew North

Image File history File links Voodoo_Planet,_by_Andrew_North_-_cover_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_18846. ... Image File history File links Voodoo_Planet,_by_Andrew_North_-_cover_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_18846. ...

Bibliography

Please see Bibliography of Andre Norton. A list of books by Andre Norton // The Prince Commands (1934) illustrated by Kate Seredy Ralestone Luck (1938) illustrated by James Reid Complete online text via Project Gutenberg Follow the Drum (1942) Rogue Reynard (1947) illustrated by Laura Bannon Scarface (1948) illustrated by Lorence Bjorklund Bullard of the Space Patrol...

External links

Wikinews has news related to:

Sci-fi and fantasy author Andre Norton dies

• Official Website
  • Detailed biography

• SFWA obituary
• Bibliography Comprehensive bibliography containing Publisher listings, Cover-art and more.

• Andre Norton at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• Works by Andre Norton at Project Gutenberg
• Bibliography at SciFan

• Solarguard Andre Norton link to reviews of some of her sf, to the comprehensive Andre Norton planet list, etc.