NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Apollo 16

Apollo 16 was the tenth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fifth mission to land on the Moon. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (779x775, 1047 KB)[1] File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... For the moon designated Saturn V, see Rhea. ... The Command/Service Module (CSM) was a spacecraft built for NASA by North American Aviation. ... The LEM flight instrumentation panel and front windows. ... Merritt Island and Kennedy Space Center (shown in white). ... Official language(s) English Capital Tallahassee Largest city Jacksonville Largest metro area Miami Area Ranked 22nd - Total 65,795[1] sq mi (170,304[1] kmÂ²) - Width 361 miles (582 km) - Length 447 miles (721 km) - % water 17. ... Launch Complex 39 is a large site and a collection of facilities at the John F. Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island in Florida, USA, originally built for the Apollo program, and later modified to support Space Shuttle operations. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a high-precision atomic time standard. ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Logo of the IAU The International Astronomical Union (French: Union astronomique internationale) unites national astronomical societies from around the world. ... In mathematics as applied to geometry, physics or engineering, a coordinate system is a system for assigning a tuple of numbers to each point in an n-dimensional space. ... Lunar Rover-Manned land vehicle (NASA) The Lunar Rover was a manned land vehicle for transport on the Moon. ... Lunar Ferroan Anorthosite #60025 (Plagioclase Feldspar). ... April 27 is the 117th day of the year (118th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 248 days remaining. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Command/Service Module (CSM) was a spacecraft built for NASA by North American Aviation. ... The LEM flight instrumentation panel and front windows. ... Apollo 16 crew: Mattingly, Young, Duke. ... Apollo 15 was the ninth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fourth mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo program. ... For other uses, see Apollo (disambiguation). ...

Crew

Backup crew

Fred Wallace Haise, Jr. ... Stuart Roosa (left) poses with Alan Shepard (middle) and Edgar Mitchell (right) Stuart Allen Roosa (August 16, 1933 - December 12, 1994) was a NASA astronaut, who was the command module pilot for the Apollo 14 mission. ... Edgar Mitchell (right) poses with Stuart Roosa (left) and Alan Shepard (center) Edgar D. Mitchell, Sc. ...

Support crew

Astronaut Philip K. Chapman Dr. Philip Kenyon Chapman was the first Australian-born American astronaut, serving for about five years in NASA Astronaut Group 6 (1967). ... Anthony W. England (Ph. ... Henry Warren (Hank) Hartsfield, Jr. ... NAME: Robert F. Overmyer (Colonel, USMC, Ret. ...

Mission parameters

8° 58' 22.84" S - 15° 30' 0.68" E Perigee is the point at which an object in orbit around the Earth makes its closest approach to the Earth. ... This article is about several astronomical terms (apogee & perigee, aphelion & perihelion, generic equivalents based on apsis, and related but rarer terms. ... Inclination in general is the angle between a reference plane and another plane or axis of direction. ... The orbital period is the time it takes a planet (or another object) to make one full orbit. ... This article is about several astronomical terms (apogee & perigee, aphelion & perihelion, generic equivalents based on apsis, and related but rarer terms. ... This article is about several astronomical terms (apogee & perigee, aphelion & perihelion, generic equivalents based on apsis, and related but rarer terms. ... Inclination in general is the angle between a reference plane and another plane or axis of direction. ... The orbital period is the time it takes a planet (or another object) to make one full orbit. ...

LM - CSM docking

is the 110th day of the year (111th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

EVAs

The splashdown point was 0 deg 43 min S, 156 deg 13 min W, 215 miles (350 km) southeast of Christmas Island and 5 km (3 mi) from the recovery ship USS Ticonderoga. is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... April 23 is the 113th day of the year (114th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 115th day of the year (116th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The fourth USS Ticonderoga (CV-14/CVA-14/CVS-14) of the United States Navy was an aircraft carrier. ...

Introduction

The crew members: John W. Young, commander; Ken Mattingly, command module pilot; and Charles Duke, lunar module pilot. It was a J-class mission, featuring a Lunar Rover. It brought back 94.7 kg of lunar samples. It included three lunar EVA: 7.2 hours, 7.4 hours, 5.7 John W. Young in 1986 John Watts Young (born September 24, 1930) is a former NASA astronaut who walked on the Moon on Apollo 16, April 21, 1972. ... Thomas Kenneth Ken Mattingly II, Rear Admiral, USN (retired) (born March 17, 1936) is an American who as an astronaut flew on the Apollo 16, STS-4, and STS-51-C missions. ... Charles Moss Duke, Jr. ... Lunar Rover-Manned land vehicle (NASA) The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) or Lunar rover was a type of land vehicle used on the Moon. ... Astronaut Bruce McCandless on an untethered EVA Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) is work done by an astronaut away from the Earth and outside of his or her spacecraft. ...

hours and one trans-earth EVA of 1.4. This was only the second trans-earth EVA ever and was used to bring in film from exterior cameras and conduct an experiment on microbial survival. Image File history File links A16-plaque. ... Image File history File links A16-plaque. ...

The Apollo 16 subsatellite was launched from the CSM while it was in lunar orbit. The subsatellite carried out experiments on magnetic fields and solar particles. It was launched April 24, 1972 at 21:56:09 UTC and orbited the Moon for 34 days and 425 revolutions. It had a mass of 80 lb (36.3 kg) and consisted of a central cylinder and three 1.5 m booms. In astronomy, lunar orbit refers just to the orbit of the Moon around the Earth. ... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In route to the moon, the Apollo 16 astronauts took several photos of Earth. One of which was with North America in the background, with much of the northern portion of the continent under extensive cloud cover.

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1502x1127, 169 KB) Eric S. Kounce, author - Landing Site of Apollo 16 Map I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1502x1127, 169 KB) Eric S. Kounce, author - Landing Site of Apollo 16 Map I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version...

Mission highlights

A malfunction in a backup yaw gimbal servo loop in the main propulsion system of the CSM Casper caused concerns about firing the engine to adjust the CSM's lunar orbit, and nearly caused the Moon landing to be scrubbed. But it was decided that the malfunction presented relatively little risk, and Young and Duke (who were already undocked, and flying LM Orion when the problem occurred) were permitted to land on the Moon. However, the mission was shortened by a day (reducing the time in orbit around the Moon after the LM left the Moon and docked with the CSM), as a safety measure. Still frame from July 20, 1969 video transmission of Neil Armstrong stepping onto the surface of the Moon. ...

Young and Duke spent three days exploring the Descartes highland region, while Mattingly circled overhead in Casper. This was the only one of the six Apollo landings to target the lunar highlands. The astronauts discovered that what was thought to have been a region of volcanism was actually a region full of impact-formed rocks (breccias). Their collection of returned specimens included an 25 pound (11.7 kg) chunk that was the largest single rock

returned by the Apollo astronauts^[2] (nicknamed "Big Muley" after Bill Muehlberger, principal investigator for the mission's geology activities^[3]). The scientific results of Apollo 16 caused planetary geologists to revise previous interpretations of the lunar highlands, concluding that meteorite impacts were the dominant agent in shaping the moon's ancient surfaces. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (900x941, 258 KB) Summary Apollo 16 - John Young salutes the flag. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (900x941, 258 KB) Summary Apollo 16 - John Young salutes the flag. ...

The Apollo 16 astronauts also conducted performance tests with the lunar rover, at one time getting up to a top speed of eleven miles per hour (eighteen kilometers per hour), which still stands as the record speed for any wheeled vehicle on the Moon (listed as such in the Guinness Book of Records). Suresh Joachim, minutes away from breaking the ironing world record at 55 hours and 5 minutes, at Shoppers World, Brampton. ...

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (994x985, 269 KB)Apollo 16 LM Orion with John W. Young working at the Lunar Rover http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (994x985, 269 KB)Apollo 16 LM Orion with John W. Young working at the Lunar Rover http://www. ...

Relics

The command module is currently at the U.S. Space & Rocket Center, in Huntsville, Alabama. The lunar module ascent stage separated 24 April 1972 but a loss of attitude control rendered it out of control. It orbited the Moon for about a year. Its impact site on the Moon is unknown. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 Ã— 1536 pixel, file size: 1,001 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 Ã— 600 pixelsFull resolution (2048 Ã— 1536 pixel, file size: 1,001 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) I, the copyright holder of this work, hereby release it into the public domain. ... Some of the rockets in the U.S. Space & Rocket Center. ... Some of the rockets in the U.S. Space & Rocket Center. ... Nickname: Coordinates: , Country United States State Alabama County Madison, Limestone Government - Mayor Loretta Spencer Area - City 174. ... is the 114th day of the year (115th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Mission insignia

The circular patch featured an eagle with wings outstretched, perched atop a red, white, and blue shield, over a lunar surface. The vector symbol from the NASA logo was placed on top of the shield, and then across the shield were written the words APOLLO 16. The artwork was bordered in white, with a blue band carrying 16 stars and the crew names. There was a gold border. The patch was designed by NASA artist Barbara Matelski. The lunar surface (or the surface of the moon) differs greatly from that of Earth. ... The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an agency of the United States government, responsible for the nations public space program. ...

Trivia

Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2000x400, 256 KB) Summary Panoramic Assembly of Apollo 16 Plum and Flag Craters - Assembled by Mike Constantine of moonpans. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2000x400, 256 KB) Summary Panoramic Assembly of Apollo 16 Plum and Flag Craters - Assembled by Mike Constantine of moonpans. ... Fallen Astronaut on the Moon. ... Merle Ronald Haggard (born April 6, 1937) is an American country music singer, guitarist and songwriter. ...

Quotes

"I mean, I haven't eaten this much citrus fruit in 20 years. And I'll tell you one thing, in another 12 days, I ain't never eating any more," John Young, reacting to stomach problems caused by drinking extra orange juice (to prevent an electrolyte deficiency identified in crew of Apollo 15). Apollo 15 was the ninth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fourth mission to land on the Moon. ...

Media

Ap16 rover. ... Lunar Rover-Manned land vehicle (NASA) The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) or Lunar rover was a type of land vehicle used on the Moon. ...

See also

Astronaut Bruce McCandless on an untethered EVA Extra-vehicular activity (EVA) is work done by an astronaut away from the Earth and outside of his or her spacecraft. ... Related article Mir extra-vehicular activity (just an excerpt from the table above) List of ISS spacewalks (just an excerpt from the table above) External link NASA JSC Oral History Project: See link near page end to Walking to Olympus: An EVA Chronology PDF document. ... Atlantic splashdown locations of American spacecraft. ... Map of the moon showing some landing sites. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Google Maps. ...

References

External links

Categories: Lunar spacecraft | Human spaceflights | Apollo program | 1972 in space exploration | 1972 in the United States Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... For other uses, see Apollo (disambiguation). ... SA-1 was the first flight of a Saturn I launch vehicle and was part of the Apollo Program. ... SA-2 was the second flight Saturn I launch vehicle, the first flight of Project High Water and was part of the Apollo Program. ... SA-3 was the third flight Saturn I launch vehicle, the second flight of Project High Water and was part of the Apollo Program. ... SA-4 was the fourth flight of a Saturn I launch vehicle and the last of the initial test phase of the first stage. ... Little Joe II QTV was the first, Qualification Flight Test of the Apollo Little Joe II rocket. ... Pad Abort Test 1 was the first abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... SA-5 was the first launch of the Block II Saturn I rocket and was part of the Apollo Program. ... A-001 was the second abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... A-101 was the first Saturn rocket launch to carry a boilerplate Apollo spacecraft. ... A-102 was the first Saturn rocket launch to carry a boilerplate Apollo spacecraft. ... A-002 was the third abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... A-103 (SA-9) launch. ... A-003 was the fourth abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... A-104 was the ninth test flight of the Saturn I. This mission was the second flight in the Saturn I operational series and the fourth vehicle to carry an Apollo boilerplate spacecraft. ... Pad Abort Test 2 was the second pad abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... A-105 was the third flight of an operational Saturn I and was the last in the series of Saturn I flights. ... A-004 was the sixth and final abort test of the Apollo spacecraft. ... AS-201 (or SA-201) was the first flight of the Saturn IB launch vehicle. ... AS-203 (or SA-203) was an unmanned flight Saturn IB launch vehicle. ... AS-202 (or SA-202) was a sub-orbital test flight of the Saturn IB and Command and Service Module. ... Apollo One is the official name given to the Apollo/Saturn 204 (AS-204) spacecraft, destroyed by fire during a training exercise on January 27, 1967, at Pad 34 (Launch Complex 34 at Cape Canaveral - then known as Cape Kennedy) atop a Saturn IB rocket. ... Apollo 4 was the first unmanned flight of the Saturn V launch vehicle. ... Apollo 5 was the first unmanned flight of the Apollo Lunar Module, which would later carry astronauts to the lunar surface. ... Apollo 6, launched in April 1968, was the Apollo programs second and last unmanned test flight of its Saturn V launch vehicle. ... Apollo 7 was the first manned mission in the Apollo program to be launched. ... Apollo 8 was the second successful manned mission of the Apollo space program, in which Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders became the first humans to orbit around the Moon. ... Apollo 9 was the third manned mission in the Apollo program, a ten day earth-orbital mission launched 3 March 1969. ... Apollo 10 was the fourth manned mission in the Apollo program, and the first (and only manned Saturn V) mission to launch from pad 39B. The mission included the second crew to orbit the Moon, and the test of the lunar module in lunar orbit. ... The Apollo 11 mission was the first manned mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 12 was the sixth manned mission in the Apollo program and the second to land on the Moon. ... Original crew photo. ... Apollo 14 was the eighth manned mission in the Apollo program and the third mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 15 was the ninth manned mission in the Apollo program and the fourth mission to land on the Moon. ... Apollo 17 was the eleventh manned space mission in the NASA Apollo program. ... The Apollo-Soyuz Test Project was the first joint flight of the U.S. and Soviet space programs. ... Due to budget constraints there were many canceled Apollo missions during Project Apollo. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (606x608, 438 KB)Apollo program insignia, cropped white spaces around image. ...

Contents

Crew GA_googleFillSlot("encyclopedia_square");