NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
The Duke of Wellington

In office 17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834
Monarch	William IV
Preceded by	The Viscount Melbourne
Succeeded by	Sir Robert Peel, Bt
In office 22 January 1828 – 16 November 1830
Monarch	George IV William IV
Preceded by	The Viscount Goderich
Succeeded by	The Earl Grey

Born	c. 1 May 1769 Possibly Dublin or County Meath
Died	14 September 1852 (aged 83) Walmer, Kent
Political party	Tory

His Grace Field Marshal the Most Noble Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. 1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852), was an Anglo-Irish British Army soldier and statesman, widely considered one of the leading military and political figures of the first half of the nineteenth century. Commissioned an ensign in the British Army, he rose to prominence in the Napoleonic Wars, eventually reaching the rank of field marshal. The Duke of Wellington has rather a mixed reputation in his home country of Ireland, where he is generally seen as being British instead of being Irish. He was a member of the Ascendancy, the Anglo-Irish - and largely Protestant - aristocracy of Ireland which was generally hated by the Irish Catholic majority. Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links 1st duke of Wellington unofficial photo of part of a painting on display in the Duke of Wellingtons Regimental Headquarters. ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... 17 November is also the name of a Marxist group in Greece, coinciding with the anniversary of the Athens Polytechnic uprising. ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 343rd day of the year (344th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a common year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 â€“ 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1828 (MDCCCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... is the 320th day of the year (321st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... George IV (George Augustus Frederick) (12 August 1762 â€“ 26 June 1830) was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 29 January 1820 until his death. ... William IV (William Henry; 21 August 1765 â€“ 20 June 1837) was King of the United Kingdom and of Hanover from 26 June 1830 until his death. ... The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 â€“ January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827â€“1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). ... The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â€“17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... For other uses, see Dublin (disambiguation). ... Statistics Province: Leinster County Town: Navan Code: MH Area: 2,342 kmÂ² Population (2006) 162,831 Website: www. ... is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Location within the British Isles Walmer is in Dover District, Kent in England: located on the coast, the parish of Walmer is 6 miles (10 km) north-east of Dover. ... For other uses, see Kent (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... The Royal Guelphic Order, sometimes also referred to as the Hanoverian Guelphic Order, was a British order of chivalry instituted on 28 April 1815 by the Prince Regent (later George IV). ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... For other uses, see Royal Society (disambiguation). ... Look up Circa on Wiktionary, the free dictionary The Latin word circa, literally meaning about, is often used to describe various dates (often birth and death dates) that are uncertain. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1852 was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Anglo-Irish was a term used historically to describe a ruling class inhabitants of Ireland who were the descendants and successors of the Protestant Ascendancy[1], mostly belonging to the Anglican Church of Ireland or to a lesser extent one of the English dissenting churches, such as the Methodist church. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Ensign is a junior rank of commissioned officer in the militaries of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia Spain[d] Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia WÃ¼rttemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ...

As a general, Wellington is often compared to the 1st Duke of Marlborough, with whom he shared many characteristics, chiefly a transition to politics after a highly successful military career. He was twice Tory Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and was one of the leading figures in the House of Lords until his retirement in 1846. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (26 May 1650 â€“ 16 June 1722) (O.S)[1] was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs throughout the late 17th and early 18th centuries. ... For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ...

He was largely instrumental in the foundation of King's College London. For other uses, see Kings College. ...

Early life and marriage

The earliest mention of the Wellesley family can be dated back to the year of 1180. It places Wellington’s ancestry among the conquering elite of the Norman invasion as the family had been granted lands to the south of Wells around a settlement still known today as Wellesley Farm. For other uses, see Wells (disambiguation). ...

Wellington was born The Honourable Arthur Wesley, the fourth son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, and Anne, the eldest daughter of Arthur Hill, Viscount Duncannon, at 24 Upper Merrion Street, Dublin,^[1] opposite what was then the Royal College of Science (now Government Buildings). He spent most of his childhood at Dangan Castle 5km north of Summerhill on the Trim road in County Meath, part of the Province of Leinster. He was the third of five surviving sons. His date of birth is the first of May 1769. (His baptismal font was donated to St. Nahi's Church in Dundrum, Dublin, in 1914.) His biographers follow the contemporary newspaper evidence in ascribing it to 1 May 1769.^[2] His family changed the spelling of their surname to Wellesley, which his oldest brother considered the ancient and proper spelling, in 1798. Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington (19 July 1735–22 May 1781) was an Irish politician and composer, best known today for fathering several distinguished British politicians. ... The Royal College of Science for Ireland was created as a result of a decision of HM Treasury in 1865 to merge a number of science-orientated education bodies including the Museum of Irish Industry and Government School of Science applied to Mining and the Arts. ... Government Buildings is a large Edwardian building enclosing a quadrangle on Merrion Street in Dublin, Ireland, in which several key offices of the government of the Republic of Ireland are located. ... // The 18th century church of St Nahi is located in Dundrum, Dublin, Ireland. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...

He came from a titled English Protestant family long settled in Ireland. His father was the Earl of Mornington, his eldest brother (who inherited his father's earldom) became Marquess Wellesley, and two of his other brothers were raised to the peerage as Baron Maryborough and Baron Cowley. Richard Wellesley ,1st Marquess Wellesley The Most Honourable Richard Colley Wesley, later Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley (20 June 1760 - 26 September 1842), was the eldest son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, an Irish peer, and brother of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... For other uses, see Peerage (disambiguation). ... The title Earl of Mornington was created in the Peerage of Ireland in 1760 for Garret Wellesley. ... The title Earl Cowley was created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1857 for Lord Cowley, the longtime British ambassador in Paris. ...

Wesley was educated at Eton from 1781 to 1785, but a lack of success there, combined with a shortage of family funds, led to a move to Brussels in Belgium to receive further education. The Kings College of Our Lady of Eton beside Windsor, commonly known as Eton College or just Eton, is a public school (privately funded and independent) for boys, founded in 1440 by King Henry VI. It is located in Eton, near Windsor in England, north of Windsor Castle, and... For other places with the same name, see Brussels (disambiguation). ...

Until his early twenties, Wellesley showed no signs of distinction. His mother placed him in the army, saying "What can I do with my Arthur?" He became a nobleman playboy, carousing and gambling. He fell in love with the daughter of another Anglo-Irish peer, The Honourable Kitty Pakenham, and proposed marriage, but was rejected by her family as having no prospects. It seems likely that, at least in part, the shock of this rejection caused him to reform his bad habits: he minimised his drinking, stopped gambling and even burned his beloved violin. He also began a rigid course of self-education in military science, something that was to be taught by no professional academy in Britain for another decade. He volunteered for service in the Netherlands and India, and achieved spectacular successes, rising in a decade to the rank of general, never losing a battle, and winning considerable prize money from grateful rajahs. On returning to Ireland, he immediately renewed his marriage proposal to Kitty Pakenham before even seeing her again, and possibly without even having corresponded with her for ten years. This time, her family accepted him but, on seeing how Kitty had aged in his absence, Wellesley seems to have quickly regretted his decision. However, a promise was a promise: their marriage lasted the rest of her life, producing two sons and a great deal of loveless anguish. The elder son, Arthur, inherited the title and the younger, Charles, became a Major-General. Catherine Sarah Dorothea Wellesley, Duchess of Wellingon (nee Pakenham; 1773 â€“ 24 April 1831) was the wife of the 1st Duke of Wellington. ... The Most Noble Arthur Richard Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington (3 February 1807 - 13 August 1884) was the son and successor to Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... Major-General Lord Charles Wellesley (January 16, 1808 - October 9, 1858) was a British politician and courtier. ...

Early career

In 1787 his mother and his brother Richard purchased for Arthur a commission as ensign in the 73rd Regiment of Foot. After receiving military training in England, he attended the Military Academy of Angers in France. (He also learned fluent French there and an appreciation for the ancien régime.) His first assignment was as aide-de-camp to two successive Lords Lieutenant of Ireland (1787–1793), but his duties were more social than military. He was promoted to lieutenant in 1788. Two years later, he was elected as an independent member of Parliament for the family owned seat of Trim in the Irish House of Commons, a position he held for seven years. He gained rapid promotion (largely by purchasing his ranks, which was common in the British Army at the time), becoming lieutenant colonel in the 33rd Regiment of Foot in 1793. He participated in the unsuccessful campaign against the French in the Netherlands between 1794 and 1795, and was present at the Battle of Boxtel. He remarked later that "At least I learned what not to do, and that is always a valuable lesson." Ensign is a junior rank of commissioned officer in the militaries of some countries, normally in the infantry or navy. ... The 73rd Regiment of Foot also known as MacLeods Highlanders after its founder Lord MacLeod, was an infantry regiment of the British Army. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... Maison dAdam, House of Adam, the oldest house of Angers. ... Ancien RÃ©gime, a French term meaning Former Regime, but rendered in English as Old Rule, Old Order, or simply Old Regime, refers primarily to the aristocratic social and political system established in France under the Valois and Bourbon dynasties. ... An aide-de-camp (French: camp assistant) is a personal assistant, secretary, or adjutant to a person of high rank, usually a senior military officer or a head of state. ... Official standard of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland (plural: Lords Lieutenant), also known as the Judiciar in the early mediaeval period and as the Lord Deputy as late as the 17th century, was the Kings representative and head of the Irish executive during the... Lieutenant is a military, naval, paramilitary, fire service or police officer rank. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... The term rotten borough referred to a parliamentary borough or constituency in Great Britain and Ireland which, due to size and population, was controlled and used by a patron to exercise undue and unrepresentative influence within parliament. ... Parliamentary Session 1542 Patrick Barnwell, 1640 Categories: | ... For the other body sometimes called the Irish House of Commons, see House of Commons of Southern Ireland. ... Through most of the history of the British Army it was common practice for officers to purchase their rank. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... In the U.S. Army, Air Force and Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a commissioned officer superior to a major and inferior to a colonel. ... Official name 33rd Regiment of Foot Nicknames The Havercake Lads The Pattern The Dukes Motto Virtutis Fortuna Comes (Fortune Favours The Brave) Description Line Infantry regiment Creation date Originally on the 14th of March 1702 by the 8th Earl of Huntingdon under Royal Warrant as Huntingdons Regiment of Foot. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

In 1796, after a promotion to colonel, he accompanied his regiment to India. The next year his elder brother Richard was appointed Governor-General of India. When the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War broke out in 1798 against the Sultan of Mysore, Tipoo Sultan, Arthur Wellesley was given charge of an army division. After that war, his brother appointed him (despite cries of nepotism) to be Governor of Seringapatam and Mysore, positions he held with distinction until 1805. He reformed the tax and justice systems in his province, and he defeated and killed the robber chieftain Dhundia Wagh, who had escaped from prison in Seringapatam during the last battle of the Mysore War. Characteristically, he then sent Dhundia's orphaned son to England for a proper education. In the Maratha War of 1803, Wellesley commanded the outnumbered British army at Assaye and Argaum, and stormed the fortress at Gawilghur. On one occasion, he out galloped the Mysore soldiers pursuing him and avoided being killed. (In fact, he had uncanny good luck life-long: despite exposing himself on the front lines for over twenty years, he was never wounded, injured or captured.) Through his own skill as a commander, and the bravery of his British and Sepoy troops, the Indians were defeated at every engagement. Following the successful conclusion of that campaign, he was appointed to the supreme military and political command in the Deccan. For other uses, see Colonel (disambiguation). ... Richard Wellesley ,1st Marquess Wellesley The Most Honourable Richard Colley Wesley, later Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley (20 June 1760 - 26 September 1842), was the eldest son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, an Irish peer, and brother of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885â€“1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... The Fourth Anglo-Mysore War (1798â€“1799) was a war in South India between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East India Company under Lord Wellesley. ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... Portrait of Tippu Sultan, 1792 Tippu (Tips) Sultan (full name Sultan Fateh Ali Tippu), also known as the Tiger of Mysore (November 20, 1750, Devanahalli â€“ May 4, 1799, Srirangapattana), was the first son of Haidar Ali by his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-nissa. ... Look up nepotism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Ranganatha Temple Srirangapatna (British called it Seringapatam) is a small town, 13 km from Mysore in southern India. ... The Anglo-Mysore Wars were a series of eighteenth-century wars fought in India between the Kingdom of Mysore (then a French ally) and the British East-India Company, represented chiefly by the Madras Presidency. ... The Anglo-Maratha Wars were three wars fought in India between the Maratha Empire and the British East India Company. ... Combatants United Kingdom Maratha Confederacy Commanders Arthur Wellesley Sindhia, Ragojee Bhonsla Strength 4,500 infantry, 2,000 cavalry 50,000 infantry, 100 cannons Casualties 3,657 6,000 The Battle of Assaye occurred September 23, 1803 near the village of Assaye in south-central India. ... The Battle of Argaon took place on November 28, 1803, between the British under the command of General Lord Arthur Wellesley (later the Duke of Wellington) and the forces of The Rajah of Berar under Sindhia of Gwalior. ... Gawilghur (also Gawilgarh) is the name of well-fortified stronghold of the Maratha Empire. ... A sepoy (from Persian Ø³Ù¾Ø§Ù‡ÛŒ SipÃ¢hi meaning soldier) was a native of India employed as a soldier in the service of a European power, usually of the United Kingdom. ... The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau in India, encompassing most of Central and Southern India. ...

In 1804, he was created a Knight of the Bath, the first of numerous honours he received throughout his life. When his brother's term as Governor-General of India ended in 1805, the brothers returned together to England, where they were forced to defend their imperialistic (and expensive) employment of the British forces in India. India had taught him to abandon the common habit of infrequent bathing, and he is usually credited with popularising the custom of daily bathing in his own country.^{[citation needed]} More importantly, campaigning in the arid reaches of Central India gave Wellesley thorough practice in logistics, while dealing with cautious-to-commit Indian allies taught him diplomacy. Both skills would prove invaluable in the future fighting in Portugal and Spain. Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... The British honours system is a means of rewarding individuals personal bravery, achievement or service to the United Kingdom. ... The Governor-Generals Flag (1885â€“1947) depicted the Star of India on a Union Flag. ... Look up Logistics in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article is about negotiations. ...

Wellesley served in the abortive Anglo-Russian expedition to north Germany in 1805. After Austerlitz, the forces went home having accomplished nothing. Junior command in an expedition to Denmark in 1807 led to Wellesley's promotion to lieutenant general. Meanwhile, he was elected Tory member of Parliament for Rye for six months in 1806. A year later, he was elected MP for Newport on the Isle of Wight, a constituency he would represent for two years. He served as Chief Secretary for Ireland for two years. In April 1807, he became a privy counsellor. However his political life came to an abrupt halt when he sailed to Europe to participate in the action against French forces in Iberia. Combatants Austria Russia United Kingdom Naples and Sicily Portugal Sweden France Batavia Italy Etruria Spain Bavaria WÃ¼rttemberg Commanders Francis II Karl Mack von Leiberich Archduke Charles Alexander I Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov Horatio Nelsonâ€ Napoleon I AndrÃ© MassÃ©na Pierre-Charles Villeneuve The War of the Third Coalition was a... Combatants French Empire Russian Empire Austrian Empire Commanders Napoleon I Alexander I Francis II Strength 65,000[1] 73,000[2] Casualties 1,305 dead, 6,940 wounded, 573 captured, 1 standard lost[3] 15,000 dead or wounded, 12,000 captured, 180 guns lost, 50 standards lost[3] The... Combatants United Kingdom Denmark Commanders James Gambier Ernst Peymann Casualties 42 killed, 145 wounded, 24 missing[1] 5,000 soldiers and militia[1] The Second Battle of Copenhagen, (16 August - 5 September 1807) was a British attack on the civilian population of Copenhagen in order to seize the Danish fleet. ... Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. ... For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ... , Rye is a small hill top town and civil parish in East Sussex, England, on the River Rother, and at the western edge of the Walland Marsh, part of the Romney Marshes. ... Newport is a former parliamentary borough located in Newport (Isle of Wight), abolished in 1885. ... For other uses, see Isle of Wight (disambiguation). ... The Chief Secretary was the most important position for determining British policy in Ireland after the Lord Lieutenant, and was frequently a cabinet level position in the 19th and early twentieth centuries. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe, and includes modern day Spain, Portugal, Andorra and Gibraltar. ...

Later military campaigns

Portrait of the Duke of Wellington by Francisco de Goya, 1812-14.

Reenacters of the 33rd Regiment of Foot Wellingtons Redcoats who fought in the Napoleonic Wars, 1812 - 1815, here showing the standard line 8th Company

It was in the following turbulent years that Wellesley won his place in history. Since 1789, France had been embroiled in the French Revolution. Napoleon seized its government in 1799, and reached the heights of power in Europe, eventually ordering the invasion of Spain and Portugal in 1807. The next year, Wellesley was preparing to command an expedition to Venezuela in collaboration with Latin American patriot Francisco de Miranda, when the Spanish revolt began the Peninsular War and he was sent to Portugal instead. Wellesley defeated the French at the Battle of Roliça and the Battle of Vimeiro in 1808. Unfortunately, he was superseded in command immediately after the latter battle. General Dalrymple insisted on associating the available government minister (Wellesley) with the controversial Convention of Sintra, which stipulated that the British Royal Navy would transport the French army out of Lisbon with all their loot. Wellesley was recalled to Britain to face a Court of Enquiry. He had agreed to sign the preliminary Armistice, but had not signed the Convention, and was cleared. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (900x1111, 108 KB) The Duke of Wellington by Francisco Goya File links The following pages link to this file: Enlightenment Spain ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (900x1111, 108 KB) The Duke of Wellington by Francisco Goya File links The following pages link to this file: Enlightenment Spain ... This article is about Francisco Goya, a Spanish painter. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Wellingtons33rd. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Wellingtons33rd. ... The French Revolution (1789â€“1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... An invasion is a military action consisting of armed forces of one geopolitical entity entering territory controlled by another such entity, generally with the objective of conquering territory, or altering the established government. ... Francisco de Miranda SebastiÃ¡n Francisco de Miranda RodrÃguez (commonly known as Francisco de Miranda March 28, 1750 â€“ July 14, 1816) was a South American revolutionary whose own plan for the independence of the Spanish American colonies failed, but who is regarded as a forerunner of SimÃ³n Bol... Scene from the failed QuÃ©becois rebellion against British rule in 1837. ... For the 1862 American Civil War campaign, see Peninsula Campaign. ... The Battle of RoliÃ§a (formerly spelt as Roleia in English) was the first battle fought by the British army during the Peninsular War, fought on August 17, 1808 near the village of RoliÃ§a in Portugal, between the British under General Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington and the... The Battle of Vimeiro was fought on August 20, 1808 and resulted the victory of the British under the Duke of Wellington against the French under General Junot. ... 1750-1830, British general and Governor of Gibraltar. ... The Convention of Sintra (or Cintra) was an agreement signed on August 30, 1808 during the Peninsular War. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ... The French Army, officially the ArmÃ©e de Terre (Army of the land), is the land-based component of the French Armed Forces and the largest. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ...

Meanwhile, Napoleon himself entered Spain with his veteran troops to put down the revolt, and the new commander of the British forces in the peninsula, Sir John Moore, died during the Battle of Corunna, January 1809. General John Moore Sir John Moore, KB (November 13, 1761 â€“ January 16, 1809) was a British soldier and General. ... For the battle near Madrid in the Spanish Civil War, see Battle of the La Corunna Road. ...

Although the war was not going particularly well, it was the one place where the British and the Portuguese (their oldest ally) had managed to put up a fight against France and her allies. (Compare it to the disastrous Walcheren expedition, which was typical of the mismanaged British operations of the time.) Wellesley submitted a memorandum to Lord Castlereagh on the defence of Portugal, stressing its mountainous frontiers and advocating Lisbon as the main base because the Royal Navy could make it impregnable. Castlereagh and the cabinet approved the memo, and appointed him head of all British forces in Portugal, raising their number from 10,000 to 26,000 men. The Walcheren expedition (July 30 - December 10, 1809), a British military operation during the Napoleonic Wars, formed the last in a series of operations in Flanders (present-day Belgium) in 1809. ... Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, (June 18, 1769 - August 12, 1822), known until 1821 by his courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh, was an Anglo-Irish politician born in Dublin who represented the United Kingdom at the Congress of Vienna. ... This article is about the navy of the United Kingdom. ...

Quickly reinforced, Wellesley took the offensive in April 1809. First, he crossed the Douro river in a brilliant daylight coup de main, and routed the French troops in Porto. He then joined with a Spanish army under Cuesta. They meant to attack Marshal Victor, but Napoleon's brother, King Joseph Bonaparte, reinforced Victor first, and the French attacked and lost at the Battle of Talavera. For this, the winner was ennobled as Viscount Wellington of Talavera and of Wellington. With Marshal Soult threatening their rear, the British were compelled to retreat to Portugal. Deprived of the supplies promised by the Spanish throughout the campaign and not told of Soult's movement, Wellington never again relied on Spanish promises or resources. Combatants First French Empire United Kingdom Commanders Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult General Lord Wellesley In the (Second) Battle of Oporto (or the Battle of the Douro) Wellesley took the town of Porto and the French lost heavily. ... The Douro or Duero (Latin: Durius, Spanish: Duero, Portuguese: Douro, pron. ... A Coup de main is a swift attack that relies on speed and surprise to accomplish its objectives in a single blow. ... Oporto redirects here. ... Gregorio GarcÃa de la Cuesta y Fernandez de Celis (1741 â€“ 1811) was a prominent Spanish general of the Peninsular War known for his participation in many unfortunate military and political episodes. ... Claude Victor-Perrin, duc de Belluno (7 December 1764 – 1 March 1841) was a marshal of France during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. ... Joseph Bonaparte Coat of arms of Joseph Bonaparte as King of Spain (1808-1813). ... The battle of Talavera was fought on July 27 and 28 of 1809 and resulted in the difficult victory of the British and Spanish under Sir Arthur Wellesley against the French under King Joseph. ... The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801. ... Map sources for Wellington, Somerset at grid reference ST1420 Wellington is a small industrial town in rural Somerset, England, situated seven miles south west of Taunton in the Taunton Deane district, near the border with Devon, which runs along the Blackdown Hills to the south of the town. ... Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult, duc de Dalmatie (March 29, 1769 â€“ November 26, 1851) was a French general and statesman, named Marshal of France in 1804. ...

In 1810, a newly enlarged French army under Marshal André Masséna invaded Portugal. British opinion both at home and in the army was uniformly gloomy — they must evacuate Portugal. But Wellington first slowed the French down at Buçaco, then blocked them from taking the Lisbon peninsula by his magnificently constructed earthworks, the Lines of Torres Vedras, brilliantly assembled in complete secrecy, and with flanks guarded by the Royal Navy. The baffled and starving French invasion forces retreated after six months. Wellington followed and, in several skirmishes, drove them out of Portugal, except for a small garrison at Almeida, which was placed under siege. AndrÃ© MassÃ©na, duc de Rivoli, prince dEssling, marÃ©chal dEmpire. ... The Battle of BuÃ§aco was a battle of the Peninsular War, fought by British and Portuguese forces under the command of the Duke of Wellington on September 27, 1810, to check French pursuit of his retreat to the Lines of Torres Vedras. ... The Lines of Torres Vedras The Lines of Torres Vedras were a line of forts in Portugal built in secrecy between November 1809 and September 1810 during the Peninsular War. ... This is a list of invasions ordered by date. ...

In 1811, Masséna returned towards Portugal to relieve Almeida, but Wellington narrowly defeated the French at the battle of Fuentes de Oñoro. Meanwhile, Wellington's subordinate, Viscount Beresford, fought Soult's 'Army of the South' to a bloody standstill at the Battle of Albuera. In May, Wellington was promoted to general for his services. Almeida fell, but the French retained the twin fortresses of Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz, the 'Keys' guarding the roads through the mountain passes into Portugal. // In the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro (May 3 - 5, 1811) the British army under Sir Arthur Wellesley checked an attempt by French troops under Marshall AndrÃ© MassÃ©na to relieve the besieged city of Almeida. ... William Carr Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford (October 2, 1768 â€“ January 8, 1854), British soldier and politician. ... Combatants Spain Portugal Britain France Duchy of Warsaw Commanders William Beresford Joaquin Blake Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult Strength 10,000 British 10,000 Portuguese 13,000 Spanish 38 guns 23,000 infantry 4,000 cavalry 40 guns Casualties 5,916 dead or wounded[2] 5,936 dead or wounded... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Ciudad Rodrigo (Rodrigo City) is a small cathedral city in Salamanca Province in western Spain (approximately a population of 14000 inhabitants, and head of the judicial district). ... Location Badajoz, Spain location Coordinates : Time Zone : CET (GMT +1) - summer: CEST (GMT +2) General information Native name Badajoz (Spanish) Spanish name Badajoz Founded 875 Area code 34 (Spain) + 924 (Badajoz) Website http://www. ...

In 1812, Wellington finally captured Ciudad Rodrigo by pouncing as the French went into winter quarters and storming it before they could react. Moving south quickly, he besieged the fortress of Badajoz for a month and captured it in one bloody night. The Storming of Badajoz is famous as the only time he ever lost his composure in public, breaking down and crying at the sight of British dead in the breaches. Combatants United Kingdom, Portugal First French Empire Commanders Earl of Wellington General Philippon Strength 25,000 regulars 5,000 regulars Casualties 5,000 dead or wounded 1,500 dead or wounded In the Battle of Badajoz (March 16-April 6, 1812) an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl of Wellington, besieged...

His army now was a British force reinforced in all divisions by units of the resurgent Portuguese army, rebuilt by Beresford. Campaigning in Spain, he routed the French at Salamanca, taking brilliant advantage of a minor French mispositioning. (This was the first time a French army of 50,000 had been routed since 1799.) The victory liberated the Spanish capital of Madrid. As reward, he was created Earl and then Marquess of Wellington and given command of all Allied armies in Spain. Combatants United Kingdom, Portugal, Spain French Empire Commanders Earl of Wellington Auguste Marmont Strength 51,949[1] 49,647[2] Casualties 5,914 dead or wounded 13,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Salamanca (July 22, 1812) was an important victory for an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl... This article is about the Spanish capital. ...

He attempted to take the vital fortress of Burgos, which linked Madrid to France, but failed due to a lack of siege equipment. The French meanwhile abandoned Andalusia, and combined those troops with their other armies to put the British forces into a precarious position. Wellington skilfully withdrew his army and, joining with the smaller corps commanded by Rowland Hill, retreated to Portugal. (Marshall Soult actually held a numerical advantage over Wellington in November, but hesitated to attack, so fearful had he become of the British commander.) Still, the victory at Salamanca had forced the French to withdraw from southern Spain, and the temporary loss of Madrid irreparably damaged the prestige of the pro-French puppet government. For other uses, see Andalusia (disambiguation). ... Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill (1772 - 1842) was a soldier who served in the Napoleonic Wars as a subordinate to the Duke of Wellington. ...

In 1813, Wellington led a new offensive, against the French line of communications. He struck through the hills north of Burgos, and unexpectedly drew his supplies from Santander (on Spain's north coast), rather than from Portugal. He personally led a small force in a feint against the French centre, while the main army (commanded by Sir Thomas Graham) looped around the French right, leading to the French abandoning Madrid and Burgos. Continuing to outflank the French lines, Wellington caught up with and smashed the French in battle at Vitoria, for which he was promoted to field marshal. However, the British troops broke discipline to loot the abandoned French wagons instead of pursuing the beaten foe. Wellington, in his official after-battle report, furiously and famously called them "the scum of the earth, enlisted only for drink". Thomas Graham, Lord Lynedoch, (1748 â€“ December 18, 1843) was a Scottish aristocrat, politician and soldier. ... Combatants French Empire United Kingdom Spain Portugal Commanders Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, Joseph Bonaparte Marquess of Wellington Strength 58,000 80,000 Casualties ~5,000 dead or wounded, 3,000 captured[1] ~5,000 dead or wounded[1] In the Battle of Vitoria (June 21, 1813) Wellington and his Portuguese and... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ...

A few months later, in 1814, after taking the small fortresses of Pamplona and San Sebastián, Wellington invaded France and laid siege to Toulouse, occupied by the French army under Marshal Soult. The siege was brought to an end once news arrived of Napoleon's surrender. Napoleon was later exiled to the island of Elba. The battle of Toulouse, fought on April 10, 1814, was one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars, although its official classification is disputed as the battle occurred four days after Napoleons surrender of the French Empire to the nations of the Sixth Coalition. ... Elba (bottom centre) from space, February 1994. ...

Hailed as the conquering hero, Wellington was created Duke of Wellington, a title still held by his descendants. (Since he did not return to England until the Peninsular War was over, he was awarded all his patents of nobility in a unique ceremony lasting a full day.) He was soon appointed ambassador to France, then took Lord Castlereagh's place as First Plenipotentiary to the Congress of Vienna, where he strongly advocated allowing France to keep its place in the European balance of power. On 2 January 1815, the title of his Knighthood of the Bath was converted to Knight Grand Cross upon the expansion of that order. Lord Castlereagh Foreign Secretary 1812â€“1822 Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, KG, GCH, PC (18 June 1769 in Dublin â€“ 12 August 1822 at Loring Hall, Kent), known until 1821 by his courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh, was an Anglo-Irish politician born in Dublin who represented the United Kingdom... The Congress of Vienna was a conference between ambassadors, from the major powers in Europe that was chaired by the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich and held in Vienna, Austria, from November 1, 1814, to June 8, 1815. ... is the 2nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ...

On 26 February 1815, Napoleon escaped from Elba and returned to France. Regaining control of the country by May, he faced a renewed alliance against him. Wellington left Vienna for what became known as the Waterloo Campaign. He arrived in Belgium to take command of the British-German army and their allied Dutch-Belgians, all stationed alongside the Prussian forces of Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher. The French invaded Belgium, defeated the Prussians at Ligny, and fought an indecisive battle at Quatre Bras, compelling Anglo-Allied army to retreat to a ridge on the Brussels road, just south of the small town of Waterloo. Two days later, on 18 June, came the famous Battle of Waterloo. After an all-day fight, with the Anglo-Allies standing firm under French shelling and cavalry charges, the Prussian Army under Blücher arrived, some of them reinforcing the left of Wellington's line and other engaging the French right flank at Plancenoit. The French Imperial Guard was then dramatically repulsed by British volley fire, and Napoleon's army routed in panic. is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... April 5-12: Mount Tambora explodes, changing climate. ... For information about the legislative programs of Franklin D. Roosevelt, see New Deal. ... For other uses, see Prussia (disambiguation). ... Gebhard Leberecht von BlÃ¼cher. ... The Battle of Ligny, fought June 16, 1815, was a French victory under Napoleon against the Prussian army under Gebhard Leberecht von BlÃ¼cher in the Napoleonic Wars. ... Combatants France Anglo-Allies[1] Commanders Michel Ney Duke of Wellington William II of the Netherlands Strength 18,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 32 guns (a total of 24,000 troops by the end of the battle) 20,000 by the end of the battle Casualties 4,000 4... Waterloo The top of the knoll and the famous lion. ... is the 169th day of the year (170th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Prussia United Netherlands Hanover Nassau Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte, Michel Ney Duke of Wellington, Gebhard von BlÃ¼cher Strength 73,000 67,000 Anglo-Allies 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 killed or wounded 7,000... Grognard of the Old Guard in 1813 The Imperial Guard (French:Garde impÃ©riale) was originally a small group of elite soldiers of the French Army under the direct command of Napoleon I, but grew considerably over time. ...

Although Wellington's army held off the French attacks for several hours before Blucher's arrival, there is still debate about whether the Allied victory would have been so crushing had it not been for the arrival of the Prussian Army. It should also be remembered that a third of Napoleon's army, under Marshal Grouchy, were engaged against the Prussians at Wavre some miles to the east. Considering these factors, and the fact that around a third of Wellington's army were German, one German historian in the 1990s went so far as to describe Waterloo as a "German Victory". On 22 June, the French Emperor abdicated once again, and was transported by the British to distant St Helena. The battle of Waterloo was instantly canonized as one of The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World. is the 173rd day of the year (174th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World: from Marathon to Waterloo is a book written by Sir Edward Shepherd Creasy and published in 1851. ...

Wellington as a Soldier

Wellington is often being portrayed as a defensive general, even though many, perhaps most, of his battles were offensive (Argaum, Assaye, Oporto, Salamanca, Toulouse, Vitoria). But for most of the peninsular war, where he earned his fame, his troops lacked either the numbers or the training for an attack. Also, the Iberian peninsula provides some of the best defensive ground in the world, and he was not slow to take advantage of it.

Much of Wellesley's tactics were dictated by politics, supply, or finance: being merely a general in the field, he had to deal with the vagaries of an unstable government at home; the Portuguese government; various Spanish Juntas, Guerrilleroes, and warlords. Also, the problem of supply in the barren peninsula was a dire one: the French didn't bother to deal with it, and simply looted whatever supplies they needed; Wellesley, needing the goodwill of the populace, was required to bring in his supplies from elsewhere and transport them to his troops in the field. This supply line was his ever-present Achilles' heel, and often he was forced to either retreat or assume a defensive position when his line of supply was threatened.

In his defensive battles, he showed an understanding of defensive tactics almost unmatched: he almost alone of Napoleonic commanders realised the use of a reverse slope in a defensive battle, and made use of them whenever he could, to conceal his numbers and protect his men from artillery. Still, he rarely missed an opportunity to counterattack, and many French columns found themselves cut up by musket volleys, then attacked with bayonets.

Wellesley could be very aggressive: His river crossing at Oporto was a breathtaking gamble; only the mistake of a subordinate officer allowed any of Soult's army to escape. On the attack also, he showed a clear understanding of tactics and terrain: at the Battle of Vitoria, he led a massive, well-coordinated attack in four columns from three directions, almost destroying the French army. Combatants First French Empire United Kingdom Commanders Nicolas Jean de Dieu Soult General Lord Wellesley In the (Second) Battle of Oporto (or the Battle of the Douro) Wellesley took the town of Porto and the French lost heavily. ... Combatants French Empire United Kingdom Spain Portugal Commanders Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, Joseph Bonaparte Marquess of Wellington Strength 58,000 80,000 Casualties ~5,000 dead or wounded, 3,000 captured[1] ~5,000 dead or wounded[1] In the Battle of Vitoria (June 21, 1813) Wellington and his Portuguese and...

Still he had to be very cautious: at the Lines of Torres Vedras, when Massena's army was attempting to besiege Lisbon, and being besieged in turn, Wellesley often stood on a parapet, surveying the French army with a telescope muttering: "I could whip them, but it would take 10,000 men, and as this is the only army England has, it behoves me to take care of it"

Since the total number of French troops in Spain always heavily outnumbered the available number of British and Portuguese troops, it was always possible for the French command to abandon some region, as they did after Salamanca, in order to concentrate a larger army than the British; Wellington was therefore always cautious during his incursions into Spain, with the great exception of the last: Combatants United Kingdom, Portugal, Spain French Empire Commanders Earl of Wellington Auguste Marmont Strength 51,949[1] 49,647[2] Casualties 5,914 dead or wounded 13,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Salamanca (July 22, 1812) was an important victory for an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl...

The campaign leading up to the Battle of Vitoria, he was cut off from his supply line, re-establishing it on the north coast of Spain and throwing the French front-line troops back upon their reserves. It was a manoeuvre that for speed and daring, can stand beside any of Napoleon's. Combatants French Empire United Kingdom Spain Portugal Commanders Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, Joseph Bonaparte Marquess of Wellington Strength 58,000 80,000 Casualties ~5,000 dead or wounded, 3,000 captured[1] ~5,000 dead or wounded[1] In the Battle of Vitoria (June 21, 1813) Wellington and his Portuguese and...

All his sieges were successful, with the exception of Burgos. Most of these were in India, against Indian armies of worse training, arms, and morale than the French; he may have been overconfident at Burgos. Wellington had to retake the frontier fortresses (like Almeida) several times, because the French were equally successful in capturing them from the Allied garrisons. Also, he did not have the time for lengthy, Vauban-style sieges, because the French would have been able to gather up relieving forces. Hence, his brief and bloody, though successful, assaults on Ciudad Rodrigo and on Badajoz. The cathedral Our Lady of Burgos. ... Location - Country Portugal - Region Centro - Subregion Beira Interior Norte - District or A.R. Guarda Mayor AntÃ³nio Ribeiro - Party PSD Area 518. ... SÃ©bastien Le Prestre, Seigneur de Vauban and later Marquis de Vauban (May 15, 1633 - March 30, 1707), commonly referred to as Vauban, was a Marshal of France and the foremost military engineer of his age, famed for his skill in both designing fortifications and in breaking through them. ...

He disliked his cavalry commanders. He wrote a famous letter on July 18, 1812, accusing the cavalry of being unable to manoeuvre except on Wimbledon Common, and of always charging in a body, instead of forming in two lines - one to charge and one as a reserve. Of course, until 1815, he was denied the talents of the brilliant Henry Paget because of the family feud between them. is the 199th day of the year (200th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the overture by Tchaikovsky, see 1812 Overture; For the wars, see War of 1812 (USA - United Kingdom) or Patriotic War of 1812 (France - Russia) For the Siberia Airlines plane crashed over the Black Sea on October 4, 2001, see Siberia Airlines Flight 1812 1812 was a leap year starting... Wimbledon and Putney Commons consist of a large open space south west of London comprising 1140 acres (4. ... Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey (17 May 1768–29 April 1854) was a British military leader and politician, now chiefly remembered for leading the charge of the heavy cavalry against dErlons column during the Battle of Waterloo. ...

He acted as his own head of intelligence, and closely supervised both the supplying and the payment of his troops.

Much of his energy was diverted to political aims: shoring up his support in the British and Spanish governments, lobbying for his choice of officers, and cultivating the cooperation of the Portuguese and Spanish populations. While the French army alienated the latter by seizing their food and shooting anyone who resisted them, Wellington imported most of his food from abroad, paid cash for what he needed locally, and exercised strict discipline over his troops, regularly hanging men for looting, rape, murder, or desecration of religious sites. The locals repaid him with obedience, enlistment and information on French movements. In particular, the guerrilleros (partisans) operated in fairly close cooperation with British troops against the French. â€œGuerrillaâ€ redirects here. ...

He did not encounter Napoleon before 1815, and Waterloo did not show either of their tactics at their best. Napoleon had no time or room for grand manoeuvres, and Wellington's hastily gathered forces were not capable of them.^[3] Combatants French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Prussia United Netherlands Hanover Nassau Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte, Michel Ney Duke of Wellington, Gebhard von BlÃ¼cher Strength 73,000 67,000 Anglo-Allies 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 killed or wounded 7,000...

Later life

The Duke of Wellington in later life

Politics beckoned once again in 1819, when Wellington was appointed Master-General of the Ordnance in the Tory government of Lord Liverpool. In 1827, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the British Army. Along with Robert Peel, Wellington became one of the rising stars of the Tory party, and in 1828 he became Prime Minister. Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Project Gutenberg eText 13103: Great Britain and Her Queen, by Anne E. Keeling http://www. ... The Master-General of the Ordnance (MGO) was an important British military position before 1855, when its duties were largely abolished. ... For other uses, see Tory (disambiguation). ... Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (June 7, 1770 - December 4, 1828) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. ... The Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, or just the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was the professional head of the British Army from 1672 until 1904, when the office was replaced by the Chief of the General Staff, soon to become Chief of the Imperial General Staff. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ...

During his first seven months as Prime Minister he chose not to live in the official residence at 10 Downing Street, finding it too small. He only relented and moved in because his own home, Apsley House, required extensive renovations. Prime Minister Tony Blair and U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney stand in front of the famous main door to Number 10. ... For other uses, see Wellington Museum, Somerset. ...

As Prime Minister, Wellington was the picture of the arch-conservative, fearing that the anarchy of the French Revolution would spread to England. Oddly enough, the highlight of his term was Catholic Emancipation, the granting of almost full civil rights to Catholics in the United Kingdom. The change was forced by the landslide by-election win of Daniel O'Connell, an Irish Catholic proponent of emancipation, who was elected despite not being legally allowed to sit in Parliament. Lord Winchilsea (George Finch-Hatton, the 10th earl) accused the Duke of having "treacherously plotted the destruction of the Protestant constitution". Wellington responded by immediately challenging Winchilsea to a duel. On March 21, 1829, Wellington and Winchilsea met on Battersea fields. When it came time to fire, the Duke took aim, Winchilsea kept his arm down, the Duke deliberately changed aim and fired wide to the right, and Winchilsea did not fire. Honour was saved and Winchilsea subsequently wrote Wellington an apology.^[4] In the House of Lords, facing stiff opposition, Wellington spoke for Catholic emancipation, giving one of the best speeches of his career^[5]. He had grown up in Ireland, and later governed it, so he knew firsthand of the misery of the Catholic communities there. The Catholic Relief Act 1829 was passed with a majority of 105. Many of the Tories voted against the Act, and it passed only with the help of the Whigs. The French Revolution (1789â€“1815) was a period of political and social upheaval in the political history of France and Europe as a whole, during which the French governmental structure, previously an absolute monarchy with feudal privileges for the aristocracy and Catholic clergy, underwent radical change to forms based on... Catholic Emancipation was a process in Great Britain and Ireland in the late 18th century and early 19th century which involved reducing and removing many of the restrictions on Roman Catholics which had been introduced by the Act of Uniformity, the Test Acts and the Penal Laws. ... A by-election or bye-election is a special election held to fill a political office when the incumbent has died or resigned. ... For other persons named Daniel OConnell, see Daniel OConnell (disambiguation). ... Earl of Winchilsea is a title in the peerage of England, created in 1628. ... A duel is a formalized type of combat. ... is the 80th day of the year (81st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Johann Wolfgang von Goethe 1829 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Battersea Park peace pagoda The bandstand in Battersea Park The cover of Petula Clarks 2001 box set, Meet me in Battersea Park Battersea Park is a 200 acre (0. ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... The Catholic Relief Act 1829 (10 Geo IV c. ... The Whigs (with the Tories) are often described as one of two political parties in England and later the United Kingdom from the late 17th to the mid 19th centuries. ...

The epithet "Iron Duke" originates from his period of Prime Minister, during which he experienced an extremely high degree of personal and political unpopularity. His residence at Apsley House was the constant target of window-smashers and iron shutters were installed to mitigate the damage. It was this, rather than his characteristic resolute constitution, that earned him the epithet of "The Iron Duke". Iron Duke may refer to: Two dukes, both military officers, were nicknamed the Iron Duke during their lifetimes: Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Fernando Ãlvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva HMS Iron Duke is also the name of three ships in the Royal Navy, one of which is still...

Wellington's government fell in 1830. In the summer and autumn of that year, a wave of riots (the Swing Riots) swept the country. The Whigs had been out of power for all but a few years since the 1770s, and saw political reform in response to the unrest as the key to their return. Wellington stuck to the Tory policy of no reform and no expansion of the franchise, and as a result lost a vote of no confidence on 15 November 1830. He was replaced as Prime Minister by Earl Grey. The Swing Riots were a widespread uprising by the rural workers of the arable south and east of England in 1830. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box: Suffrage (from the Latin suffragium, meaning vote) is the civil right to vote, or the exercise of that right. ... is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Liberty Leading the People by EugÃ¨ne Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 (MDCCCXXX) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â€“17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ...

The Whigs introduced the first Reform Act, but Wellington and the Tories worked to prevent its passage. The bill passed in the House of Commons, but was defeated in the House of Lords. An election followed in direct response, and the Whigs were returned with an even larger majority. A second Reform Act was introduced, and defeated in the same way, and another wave of near insurrection swept the country. During this time, Wellington was greeted by a hostile reaction from the crowds at the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, and eventually the bill was passed after the Whigs threatened to have the House of Lords packed with their own followers if it were not. Though it passed, Wellington was never reconciled to the change; when Parliament first met after the first election under the widened franchise, Wellington is reported to have said "I never saw so many shocking bad hats in my life". During this time Wellington was gradually superseded as leader of the Tories by Robert Peel. When the Tories were brought back to power in 1834 Wellington declined to become prime minister, and Peel was selected instead. Unfortunately Peel was in Italy, and for three weeks in November and December 1834, Wellington acted as a caretaker, taking the responsibilities of Prime Minister and most of the other ministries. In Peel's first cabinet (1834–1835), Wellington became Foreign Secretary, while in the second (1841–1846) he was a Minister without Portfolio and Leader of the House of Lords. The Representation of the People Act 1832, commonly known as the Reform Act 1832, was an Act of Parliament that introduced wide-ranging changes to the electoral system of the United Kingdom. ... Type Lower House Speaker Michael Martin, (Non-affiliated) since October 23, 2000 Leader Harriet Harman, (Labour) since June 28, 2007 Shadow Leader Theresa May, (Conservative) since May 5, 2005 Members 659 Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn FÃ©in... This article is about the British House of Lords. ... Inaugural journey of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway The Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) was the worlds first intercity passenger railway in which all the trains were timetabled and operated for most of the distance solely by steam locomotives. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... The position of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was created in the United Kingdoms governmental reorganization of 1782, in which the Northern and Southern Departments became the Home and Foreign Offices. ... A Minister without Portfolio is a government minister with no specific responsibilities. ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ...

The Duke's funeral procession passing through Trafalgar Square.

Wellington retired from political life in 1846, although he remained Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, and returned briefly to the spotlight in 1848 when he helped organize a military force to protect London during that year of European revolution. He died in 1852 at Walmer Castle (his honorary residence as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, which he enjoyed and at which he hosted Queen Victoria). Although in life he hated travelling by rail, his body was then taken by train to London, where he was given a state funeral - one of only a handful of British subjects to be honoured in that way (other examples are Nelson and Churchill) - and was buried in a sarcophagus of luxulyanite in St Paul's Cathedral next to Lord Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson. Image File history File linksMetadata EmilySDrummondWellingtonFuneral1852. ... Image File history File linksMetadata EmilySDrummondWellingtonFuneral1852. ... Trafalgar Square viewed from the northeast corner. ... The Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, or just the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was the professional head of the British Army from 1672 until 1904, when the office was replaced by the Chief of the General Staff, soon to become Chief of the Imperial General Staff. ... Walmer Castle was built by Henry VIII in 1539-1540 as an artillery fortress to counter the threat of invasion from Catholic France and Spain. ... Flag of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is a ceremonial official in the United Kingdom. ... Victoria Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria) (24 May 1819–22 January 1901) was a Queen of the United Kingdom, reigning from 20 June 1837 until her death. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, KB (29 September 1758 â€“ 21 October 1805) was a British admiral famous for his participation in the Napoleonic Wars, most notably in the Battle of Trafalgar, a decisive British victory in the war, during which he lost his life. ... Churchill redirects here. ... The Etruscan Sarcophagus of the Spouses, at the National Etruscan Museum. ... Luxullianite (Luxulyanite, Luxulianite) is a rare type of granite notable for the presence of clusters of radially arranged acicular tourmaline crystals enclosed by phenocrysts of orthoclase and quartz in a matrix of quartz, tourmaline, alkali feldspar, brown mica, and cassiterite. ... This article is about the cathedral church of the diocese of London. ... Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, KB (29 September 1758 â€“ 21 October 1805) was a British admiral famous for his participation in the Napoleonic Wars, most notably in the Battle of Trafalgar, a decisive British victory in the war, during which he lost his life. ...

Legacy

1st Duke of Wellington astride Copenhagen his charger in Matthew Wyatt's statue on Round Hill, Aldershot

In 1838 a proposal to build a statue of Wellington resulted in the building of a giant statue of him on his horse Copenhagen, placed above the Arch at Constitution Hill in London directly outside Apsley House, his former London home. Completed in 1846, the enormous scale of the 40 ton, 30 feet (9 m) high monument resulted in its removal in 1883, and the following year it was transported to Aldershot where it still stands near the Royal Garrison Church. Image File history File linksMetadata Wellingtonstatue. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Wellingtonstatue. ... For other uses, see Aldershot (disambiguation). ... Wellington Arch, also known as Constitution Arch, is a triumphal arch located to the south of Hyde Park in central London. ... Constitution Hill is a road in the City of Westminster, London England. ... For other uses, see Wellington Museum, Somerset. ... For other uses, see Aldershot (disambiguation). ...

Engraving of Dublin's Wellington Testimonial including the never completed equestrian statue

The capital city of New Zealand is named Wellington in honour of Wellington. The city has a private preparatory school named Wellesley College and a private club, Wellesley Club. The city of Auckland, New Zealand, has a central city road named Wellesley Street after Arthur Wellesley. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 380 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (888 Ã— 1,400 pixels, file size: 221 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Engraving of Wellington Testimonial, ca 1830. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 380 Ã— 599 pixelsFull resolutionâ€Ž (888 Ã— 1,400 pixels, file size: 221 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Engraving of Wellington Testimonial, ca 1830. ... For the first Duke of Wellington, see Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... For other uses, see Auckland (disambiguation). ...

Mount Wellington, which overlooks Hobart, the capital of the state of Tasmania, Australia is named after Wellesley. Mount Wellington is the mountain on whose foothills is built much of the city of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia. ... Hobart is the state capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. ... Slogan or Nickname: Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle Motto(s): Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) Other Australian states and territories Capital Hobart Government Constitutional monarchy Governor William Cox Premier Paul Lennon (ALP) Federal representation - House seats 5 - Senate seats 12 Gross State Product (2004-05) - Product...

Beef Wellington gets its name from the general and prime minister. For the professional wrestler who used Bif Wellington as a ring name, see Shayne Bower (wrestler). ...

HMS Iron Duke, named after Wellington, was the flagship of Admiral Sir John Jellicoe at the Battle of Jutland in World War I. HMS Iron Duke was a battleship of the Royal Navy, the lead ship of her class, named in honour of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... Admiral of the Fleet Lord Jellicoe Admiral of the Fleet Sir John Rushworth Jellicoe, 1st Earl Jellicoe (December 5, 1859- November 20, 1935) was a British Royal Navy admiral. ... Combatants Grand Fleet of the Royal Navy High Seas Fleet of the Kaiserliche Marine Commanders Sir John Jellicoe Sir David Beatty Reinhard Scheer Franz von Hipper Strength 28 battleships 9 battlecruisers 8 heavy cruisers 26 light cruisers 78 destroyers 1 minelayer 1 seaplane carrier 16 battleships 5 battlecruisers 6 pre... â€œThe Great War â€ redirects here. ...

Wellington Street in Ottawa, Canada is named after Wellington. It is the street upon which the Parliament Buildings, Canada's seat of government are located. Wellington Street is an important street in Ottawa, Canada most notable for being the street upon which the Parliamentary Precinct is located. ... This article is about the capital city of Canada. ... Parliament Hill is a scenic location on the banks of the Ottawa River in downtown Ottawa, Canada. ...

Wellington Square in the Adelaide suburb of North Adelaide, South Australia, is named after Wellington, for the reason that he is credited with securing the passage of the South Australia Foundation Act through the British House of Lords. Wellington Square is a public square in the Adelaide suburb of North Adelaide, South Australia. ... For other uses, see Adelaide (disambiguation). ... North Adelaide is the predominately residential suburb north of the River Torrens but within the Adelaide Parklands. ... For the song, see South Australia (song). ... This article is about the British House of Lords. ...

Wellington County in Ontario, Canada is named after Wellington. It is the county surrounding the city of Guelph, Ontario. Wellington County, Ontario Wellington County, New South Wales, a former county, containing the town of Mudgee. ... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area... Nickname: Motto: Faith, Fidelity and Progress Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Ontario County Wellington County City Wards There are 6 Wards Founded April 23, 1827 Incorporated April 23, 1879 Government - Mayor Karen Farbridge (elected November 2006) - Governing Body Guelph City Council - MPs Brenda Chamberlain (LPC) - MPPs Liz Sandals (OLP) Area - City... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Wellington's likeness appears on the beer labels of the beer brewed by Wellington Brewery in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Wellington Brewery in Guelph, Ontario Wellington Brewery, Canadas oldest independently owned microbrewery[1], is located in Guelph, Ontario. ... Nickname: Motto: Faith, Fidelity and Progress Coordinates: , Country Canada Province Ontario County Wellington County City Wards There are 6 Wards Founded April 23, 1827 Incorporated April 23, 1879 Government - Mayor Karen Farbridge (elected November 2006) - Governing Body Guelph City Council - MPs Brenda Chamberlain (LPC) - MPPs Liz Sandals (OLP) Area - City... Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Official languages English (de facto) Government Lieutenant-Governor David C. Onley Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Federal representation in Canadian Parliament House seats 107 Senate seats 24 Confederation July 1, 1867 (1st) Area...

Wellington College, Berkshire, UK, was built in memory of the Great Duke, under the orders of Queen Victoria. To this day, all the boarding houses are named after the generals who fought alongside him at the Battle of Waterloo, including Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher, Viscount Beresford, Sir Thomas Picton, Baron Lynedoch, and the Prince of Orange. As recently as May 4th, 2007, the school held a memorial service for the Iron Duke at St Paul's Cathedral, London, to commemorate his birthday. Wellington College, the national monument to the Duke of Wellington, is an English co-educational public school located in the Berkshire village of Crowthorne. ... Combatants French Empire Seventh Coalition: United Kingdom Prussia United Netherlands Hanover Nassau Brunswick Commanders Napoleon Bonaparte, Michel Ney Duke of Wellington, Gebhard von BlÃ¼cher Strength 73,000 67,000 Anglo-Allies 60,000 Prussian (48,000 engaged by about 18:00) Casualties 25,000 killed or wounded 7,000... Gebhard Leberecht von BlÃ¼cher. ... The peerage title Baron Beresford has been created twice in the United Kingdom. ... Sir Thomas Picton (August, 1758-June 18, 1815) was a British military leader who fought in a number of campaigns for Britain and rose to the rank of Lieutenant-General. ... Baron Lynedoch was a title created in the Peerage of the United Kingdom on 17 May 1814 for Thomas Graham. ... William II (William Frederick George Louis) (December 6, 1792 â€“ March 17, 1849) was King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg from October 7, 1840 until his death. ... St Pauls Cathedral from the south St Pauls Cathedral is a cathedral on Ludgate Hill, in the City of London, and the seat of the Bishop of London. ...

The Wellington Testimonial was erected in the Phoenix Park, Dublin from public subscriptions, and the obelisk and plinth are still a major feature of the park. Often incorrectly called the Wellington Monument, the Wellington Testimonial is an obelisk located in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland. ... Phoenix Park (in Irish, PÃ¡irc an Fhionn-Uisce) is a large park located 3 km to the north west of Dublin city centre in Ireland. ... For other uses, see Dublin (disambiguation). ...

Wellington Road is in the Ballsbridge area of Dublin. Ballsbridge, Dublin 4, Dublin Ireland, is named for the bridge spanning the River Dodder on the south side of the city. ...

Titles and honours

Peerage of the United Kingdom

Baron Douro, of Wellington (4 September 1809)
Viscount Wellington (of Talavera and of Wellington) (4 September 1809)
Earl of Wellington (28 February 1812)
Marquess of Wellington (3 October 1812)
Marquess Douro (11 May 1814)
Duke of Wellington (11 May 1814)

His brother William selected the name Wellington for its similarity to the family surname of Wellesley, which derives from the village of Wellesley, not far from that of Wellington. Map sources for Wellington, Somerset at grid reference ST1420 Wellington is a small industrial town in rural Somerset, England, situated seven miles south west of Taunton in the Taunton Deane district, near the border with Devon, which runs along the Blackdown Hills to the south of the town. ... The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ... William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington (1763–1845) was an Irish politician and an elder brother of the Duke of Wellington. ... Map sources for Wellington, Somerset at grid reference ST1420 Wellington is a small industrial town in rural Somerset, England, situated seven miles south west of Taunton in the Taunton Deane district, near the border with Devon, which runs along the Blackdown Hills to the south of the town. ...

British and Irish honours

Knight of the Bath (1804)
Privy Councillor of Great Britain (8 April 1807)
Privy Councillor of Ireland (28 April 1807)
Knight of the Garter (4 March 1813)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (1815)
Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire (1820)
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (1829)
Peninsular Cross medal with nine bars for all campaigns — the only one so issued. Displayed at Apsley House along with a Waterloo Medal.
Fellow of the Royal Society (1847)
Chancellor of the University of Oxford (1834-1852)

The Duke of Wellington stood as godfather to Queen Victoria's seventh child, Prince Arthur, in 1850. Prince Arthur was also born on the first of May; and as a toddler, young Arthur was encouraged to remind people that the Duke of Wellington was his godfather. Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... Her Majestys Most Honourable Privy Council is a body of advisors to the British Sovereign. ... The Privy Council of Ireland was an institution of the Kingdom of Ireland until 31 December 1800 and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1922. ... The insignia of a knight of the Order of the Garter. ... Badge of a Companion of the Order of the Bath (Military Division) Ribbon of the Order of the Bath The Most Honourable Order of the Bath (formerly The Most Honourable Military Order of the Bath)[1] is a British order of chivalry founded by George I on May 18, 1725. ... This is an incomplete list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. ... Flag of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is a ceremonial official in the United Kingdom. ... For the 1862 American Civil War campaign, see Peninsula Campaign. ... A medal is a small metal object, usually engraved with insignia, that is awarded to a person for athletic, military, scientific, academic or some other kind of achievement. ... For other uses, see Wellington Museum, Somerset. ... For other uses, see Royal Society (disambiguation). ... A Chancellor is the head of a university. ... The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University), located in the city of Oxford, England, is the oldest university in the English-speaking world. ... A godparent, in many denominations of Christianity, is someone who sponsors a childs baptism. ... Queen Victoria redirects here. ... Dated October 30th, 1869, by Notman His Royal Highness The Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (Arthur William Patrick Albert) (1 May 1850 - 16 January 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family, a son of Queen Victoria. ...

International honours and titles

Conde de Vimeiro (18 October 1811, Portugal)
Duque de Ciudad Rodrigo (January 1812, Spain)
Grandee of the First Class (January 1812, Spain)
Marquês de Torres Vedras (August 1812, Portugal)
Duque da Vitória (Duke of the Victory) (18 December 1812, Portugal)
Knight of the Golden Fleece (1812, Spain)
Prins van Waterloo (18 July 1815, The Netherlands)
Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Hanover (1816, Hanover)
Field Marshal batons from 12 countries. These can be seen at Apsley House.

Coat of arms of Vimeiro Vimeiro is a freguesia (civil parish) in the municipality of LourinhÃ£ in west-central Portugal. ... Ciudad Rodrigo (Rodrigo City) is a small cathedral city in Salamanca Province in western Spain (approximately a population of 14000 inhabitants, and head of the judicial district). ... Spanish nobles are classified either as Grandees (also called Peers) or as Titled Nobles. ... Location - Country Portugal - Region Centro - Subregion Oeste - District or A.R. Lisbon Mayor Carlos Soares Miguel - Party PS Area 407. ... The founder, Philip the Good , with at least six other Members wearing collars, 1447-8 Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, with the collar of the Order The Order of the Golden Fleece (Spanish: Orden del ToisÃ³n de Oro) is an order of chivalry founded in 1430 by Duke Philip... The title Prince of Waterloo is retained by the Dukes of Wellington. ... Motto: Je Maintiendrai (Dutch: Ik zal handhaven, English: I Shall Uphold) Anthem: Wilhelmus van Nassouwe Capital Amsterdam1 Largest city Amsterdam Official language(s) Dutch2 Government Parliamentary democracy Constitutional monarchy - Queen Beatrix - Prime minister Jan Peter Balkenende Independence Eighty Years War - Declared July 26, 1581 - Recognised January 30, 1648 (by Spain... GCH also stands for the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis, in mathematics of the Set Theory. ... , Hanover(i) (German: , IPA: ), on the river Leine, is the capital of the federal state of Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen), Germany. ... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ... For other uses, see Wellington Museum, Somerset. ...

Styles

The Hon. Arthur Wesley (birth–7 March 1787)
Ensign The Hon. Arthur Wesley (7 March 1787–25 December 1787)
Lieutenant The Hon. Arthur Wesley (25 December 1787–30 June 1791)
Captain The Hon. Arthur Wesley (30 June 1791–30 April 1793)
Major The Hon. Arthur Wesley (30 April 1793–30 September 1793)
Lieutenant-Colonel The Hon. Arthur Wesley (30 September 1793–3 May 1796)
Colonel The Hon. Arthur Wesley (3 May 1796–19 May 1798)
Colonel The Hon. Arthur Wellesley (19 May 1798–29 April 1802)
Major-General The Hon. Arthur Wellesley (29 April 1802–1 September 1804)
Major-General The Hon. Sir Arthur Wellesley, KB (1 September 1804–8 April 1807)
Major-General The Rt Hon. Sir Arthur Wellesley, KB (8 April 1807–25 April 1808)
Lieutenant-General The Rt Hon. Sir Arthur Wellesley, KB (25 April 1808–4 September 1809)
Lieutenant-General The Rt Hon. The Viscount Wellington, KB, PC (4 September 1809–May 1811)
General The Rt Hon. The Viscount Wellington, KB, PC (May 1811–28 February 1812)
General The Rt Hon. The Earl of Wellington, KB, PC (28 February 1812–3 October 1812)
General The Most Hon. The Marquess of Wellington, KB, PC (3 October 1812–4 March 1813)
General The Most Hon. The Marquess of Wellington, KG, KB, PC (4 March 1813–21 June 1813)
Field Marshal The Most Hon. The Marquess of Wellington, KG, KB, PC (21 June 1813–11 May 1814)
Field Marshal His Grace The Duke of Wellington, KG, KB, PC (11 May 1814–2 January 1815)
Field Marshal His Grace The Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, PC (2 January 1815–14 September 1852)

The prefix The Honourable or The Honorable ( or formerly The Honble) is a title of quality attached to the names of certain classes of persons. ... The Right Honourable (abbreviated Rt Hon, The Rt Hon, The Right Hon, Right Hon) is an honorific prefix that is traditionally applied to certain people in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Anglophone Caribbean and in other Commonwealth Realms, and elsewhere. ... This does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The prefix The Most Honourable is a title of quality attached to the names of marquesses in the United Kingdom. ... Note: This article is about the military usage of the word marshal. For other usages, see the end of this article. ... His Grace or Her Grace was the style used to address the monarch of Scotland up to the Act of Union of 1707, which merged the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland. ... A substantive title is a title of nobility or royalty actually held, usually alone, by someone which they gained through either grant or inheritance, as opposed to one given or loaned to them either as a courtesy title, or gained through marriage. ...

Arms

Wellington's coat of arms

Wellington's arms were given an Augmentation of Honour of the union badge of the United Kingdom to commemorate his services. He bore, Quarterly, I and IV gules, a cross argent, in each quarter five plates; II and III, Or, a lion rampant gules. For augmentation, an inescutcheon charged with the crosses of St. George, St. Andrew, and St. Patrick combined, being the union badge of the United Kingdom.^[6] Image File history File links Duke_of_Wellington_Arms. ... Image File history File links Duke_of_Wellington_Arms. ... A modern coat of arms is derived from the medi val practice of painting designs onto the shield and outer clothing of knights to enable them to be identified in battle, and later in tournaments. ... In heraldry, an augmentation is a modification or addition to a coat of arms, typically given by a monarch as either a mere mark of favour, or a reward or recognition for some meritorious act. ... Flag Ratio: 1:2 Flag Ratio: 3:5 The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland uses as its national flag the Royal Banner commonly known as the Union Flag or, popularly, Union Jack (although officially this title should only be given to the flag when it is flown...

Nicknames

Apart from giving his name to "Wellington boots", the Duke of Wellington also had several nicknames. A pair of Wellington boots The Wellington boot, also known as a welly, a wellie, a gumboot or a rubber boot, is a type of boot based upon Hessian boots. ...

The "Iron Duke", possibly after an incident in 1830 in which he installed metal shutters to prevent rioters breaking windows at Apsley House
Officers under his command called him "The Beau", as he was a fine dresser, or "The Peer" after he was created a Viscount.
Regular soldiers under his command called him "Old Nosey" or "Old Hookey", on account of his prominent, aquiline nose.
Spanish and Portuguese troops called him "the Eagle" and "Douro" respectively.

Iron Duke may refer to: Two dukes, both military officers, were nicknamed the Iron Duke during their lifetimes: Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington Fernando Ãlvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva HMS Iron Duke is also the name of three ships in the Royal Navy, one of which is still... For other uses, see Wellington Museum, Somerset. ...

Dubious quotations

Wellington was at a ball in Brussels the night before the Battle of Quatre Bras, when an aide brought the news that the French army had invaded Belgium more than 18 hours earlier. He retired to a back room and supposedly said "Napoleon has humbugged me!" This may be true. However, he is next supposed to have unrolled a map, and placed a finger on the ridge below Waterloo, saying "And we will have to fight him here!", which is less likely. However, when the British position at Quatre Bras became untenable after the Prussian retreat from Ligne, Wellington withdrew directly to the Waterloo position, which is absolutely the best defensive position between Quatre Bras and Brussels, where the French were headed. Inspecting the ground, Wellington said to his 5th Division commander “It may surprise you to know Picton, that I spied this ground a year ago and I’ve since kept it in my pocket.” He must have known about it. Bounded on the right by the town of Braine l’ Alleud and an unfordable creek, the centre protected by stout farm buildings, walled gardens and châteaux, the left protect by the same, with the whole shielded by a long ridge line and sunken roads that allowed both protection and swift lateral movement, the ground allowed Wellington’s qualitatively and numerically inferior army to win the day.

As a member of the Protestant Anglo-Irish 'squirearchy' ruling Ireland, he was touchy about his Irish origins. When in later life an enthusiastic fellow countryman commended him as a famous Irishman, he replied "Being born in a stable does not make one a horse."^[7] There is some dispute as to whether or not this alleged remark was ever made. His most authoritative biographer, Elizabeth Longford, does not record it, nor does Christopher Hibbert. Others suggest it was a comment made about Wellesley by a member of the English aristocracy, or a comment actually made by an Anglo-Irish poet.
The epigram "the Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton" was never uttered by Wellington (it was invented by a French journalist), and could not have been. He remembered his days at Eton as lonely and unhappy, his only sport being solitary leaps across a local brook, and he almost never visited the school in later years despite being its most famous alumnus.

The exclamation "Publish and be damned!" is attributed to Wellington, as what he said after the courtesan Harriette Wilson threatened to publish her memoirs and his letters if he did not supply her financial demands.

Combatants France Anglo-Allies[1] Commanders Michel Ney Duke of Wellington William II of the Netherlands Strength 18,000 infantry, 2,000 cavalry and 32 guns (a total of 24,000 troops by the end of the battle) 20,000 by the end of the battle Casualties 4,000 4... Elizabeth Pakenham, Countess of Longford, better known as Elizabeth Longford (August 30, 1906 - October 23, 2002) was a British author, born Elizabeth Harman. ... Christopher Hibbert, MC, (born 1924) is an English writer and popular historian and biographer. ... Harriette Wilson [1] [2] (nee Harriette Dubochet) (February 22, 1786 â€“ 1845) was a notorious English courtesan. ...

Personality traits

Wellington set a gruelling pace of work. He rose early — he "couldn't bear to lie in" once awake — and usually slept for six hours or less. Even when he returned to civilian life after 1815, he slept in a camp bed, reflecting his lack of regard for creature comforts. General Miguel de Álava complained that Wellington said so often that the army would march "at daybreak" and dine on "cold meat", that he began to dread the two phrases. While on campaign, he seldom ate anything between breakfast and dinner. During the retreat to Portugal in 1811, he subsisted (to the despair of his staff, who dined with him) entirely on "cold meat and bread". He was however renowned for the excellent quality of the wine he drank and served, often drinking a bottle with his dinner — not a great quantity by the standards of his day. Miguel Ricardo de Ãlava Don Miguel Ricardo de Ãlava y Esquivel, Marquess de Ãlava (July 7, 1770 - July 14, 1843) was a Spanish General and statesman. ...

Never much of a gourmet, he frequently drove his chef to frustration by his abstemious ways and general lack of interest in food, even eating a rotten egg on one occasion without realising it.

Although by no means ostentatious, the Duke was well-known for his fine sartorial taste (which, as mentioned above, helped earn him the nickname of "The Beau"). He was particularly fond of trousers - which were only just entering the gentleman's wardrobe during his life time. On one occasion the Duke was turned away from Almack's Assembly Rooms (a popular haunt of high society) for wearing trousers rather than the more conventional knee-breeches. Despite his luminary status, he quietly left without a word of protest. Londons high society at Almacks. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Pants. ...

He was very partial to high-technology and mechanical gadgets, being one of the first British soldiers to employ shrapnel shells and Congreve rockets (although he was disappointed with the latter, as they had very poor guidance devices). He also employed a full time officer to decrypt intercepted French messages. On the other hand, although meticulously organized, his supply trains comprised pack mules and ox carts (with ungreased axles) (plus cargo boats if rivers could be used). It has been suggested that Fragmentation (weaponry) be merged into this article or section. ... The Congreve Rocket was a British military weapon designed by Sir William Congreve in 1804. ... In telecommunication, the term decrypt has the following meanings: 1. ...

He was most insistent that he not be interrupted during shaving (possibly because his unusually rapid growth of facial hair required him to shave twice a day).

He rarely showed emotion before his intellectual or social inferiors. However, Álava was a witness to the following scene. Just before the Battle of Salamanca, Wellington was eating a chicken leg while observing the manoeuvres of the French army though a spyglass. He spotted an overextension in the French left flank, and realizing that he could launch a successful attack there, threw the drumstick in the air and shouted "Les français sont perdus!" ("The French are lost!"). Also, after the Battle of Toulouse, when an aide brought him news of Napoleon's abdication, he spun around on his heels, clicking his fingers in a sort of impromptu flamenco dance.^{[citation needed]} Combatants United Kingdom, Portugal, Spain French Empire Commanders Earl of Wellington Auguste Marmont Strength 51,949[1] 49,647[2] Casualties 5,914 dead or wounded 13,000 dead, wounded, or captured The Battle of Salamanca (July 22, 1812) was an important victory for an Anglo-Portuguese army under Earl... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... The battle of Toulouse, fought on April 10, 1814, was one of the final battles of the Napoleonic Wars, although its official classification is disputed as the battle occurred four days after Napoleons surrender of the French Empire to the nations of the Sixth Coalition. ... Flamenco is a Spanish musical genre with strong, rhythmic undertones and is often accompanied with a similarly impassioned style of dance characterized by its powerful yet graceful execution, as well as its intricate hand and footwork. ...

Despite his famous stern countenance and iron-handed discipline, Wellesley deeply cared for his men; he refused to pursue the French after the battles of Porto and Salamanca, because of the inevitable cost to his army in pursuing a broken enemy through rough terrain. In addition, the only times he ever showed grief in public was over the lives of his men: after the disastrously costly storming of Badajoz, he cried at the sight of British dead in the breaches. In this context, his famous letter after the Battle of Vitoria calling them the 'Scum of the Earth' can be seen to be fuelled as much by disappointment at their breaking ranks as by anger. Combatants French Empire United Kingdom Spain Portugal Commanders Jean-Baptiste Jourdan, Joseph Bonaparte Marquess of Wellington Strength 58,000 80,000 Casualties ~5,000 dead or wounded, 3,000 captured[1] ~5,000 dead or wounded[1] In the Battle of Vitoria (June 21, 1813) Wellington and his Portuguese and...

In popular culture

Beethoven composed a short symphony to commemorate Wellington's Victory over the French at the Battle of Vitoria in Spain on June 21, 1813

In The Dead by James Joyce, Gabriel Conroy, the central character, twice imagines the snow-capped Wellington Monument in Dublin's Phoenix Park.

Wellington is a recurring character in the Richard Sharpe novels by Bernard Cornwell. In the film versions he was played by David Troughton for the first two instalments and Hugh Fraser for the remainder of the 14 movie series.

In the novel Les Misérables by Victor Hugo, Hugo credits the Duke of Wellington for popularising the name "Arthur".

Wellington makes a gruff appearance in the Flashman novels.

He was memorably (if unflatteringly) portrayed by Stephen Fry in the "Duel and Duality" episode of the BBC One comedy television series Blackadder as a shouting ("there's only one way to win a war: shout, shout, and shout again!"), blustering war maniac with a tendency for violence towards the lower orders (including the Prince Regent, who was at the time disguised as his own butler, Mr. E. Blackadder), a penchant for duelling with cannon (because "only girls fight with swords these days") and a habit of shouting "Baaaahhh!" at random intervals. This bellicose character was the precursor of Fry's General Melchett. Fry appeared again as Wellington, this time in a slightly more historically accurate manner, in Blackadder: Back & Forth.

C. S. Forester invented a younger sister, "Lady Barbara Wellesley", as a character in his Horatio Hornblower novels.

In Susanna Clarke's novel Jonathan Strange & Mr. Norrell, Wellington appears as the British Army's commanding officer in Portugal and Spain. He employs Jonathan Strange to help defeat the French using magic. (Surprisingly, Wellington's astonishing luck in never being wounded is not attributed to magic.) He also appears as himself in Clarke's collection of short stories, The Ladies of Grace Adieu and Other Stories, in "The Duke of Wellington Misplaces His Horse": Wellington follows his famous horse Copenhagen into Faerie.

An 82 year old Wellington was portrayed by Ron Moody in the Doctor Who audio play Other Lives, in which the Duke met the Doctor and his companions at the Great Exhibition of 1851.

In the science fiction book, Halo: The Flood, there is a character named Wellsley, who is a military artificial intelligence assisting Major Silva in his campaign against the Covenant (Halo), an evil group of aliens bent on destroying humanity. Wellsley's personality was programmed to be like the duke of Wellington. The A.I. Wellsley often referred to victories that the Duke had made, as though he were the Duke and not an artificial recreation.

A high school student on a television quiz show once answered the question "Who won the Battle of Waterloo?" with "Duke Ellington".

In the 1970 movie Waterloo, Wellington was played by Christopher Plummer.

He was much admired by Charlotte Brontë, who made his son a prominent character in her tales of Angria, fantasies which she wrote in her childhood and teenage years.

Ludwig van Beethoven Ludwig van Beethoven (baptized December 17, 1770 – March 26, 1827) was a German composer of Classical music, the predominant musical figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras. ... Wellingtons Victory, Op. ... is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1813 (MDCCCXIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... A cemetery, a place of the dead The dead are those who have died, as opposed to those who are still living. ... This article is about the writer and poet. ... Often incorrectly called the Wellington Monument, the Wellington Testimonial is an obelisk located in Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland. ... Phoenix Park (in Irish, PÃ¡irc an Fhionn-Uisce) is a large park located 3 km to the north west of Dublin city centre in Ireland. ... Richard Sharpe is the central character in Bernard Cornwells Sharpe which also formed the basis for the Sharpe television series, where the eponymous character was played by Sean Bean. ... Bernard Cornwell OBE (born February 23, 1944) is a prolific and popular English historical novelist. ... David Troughton (born June 9, 1950 in Hampstead, North London, England) is a respected Shakespearean actor on the British stage. ... Hugh Fraser is an English actor. ... This article is about the original 1862 novel. ... Victor-Marie Hugo (IPA: (26 February 1802 â€” 22 May 1885) was a French poet, playwright, novelist, essayist, visual artist, statesman, human rights campaigner, and perhaps the most influential exponent of the Romantic movement in France. ... Harry Paget Flashman is a fictional character originally created by the author Thomas Hughes in his semi-autobiographical work Tom Browns Schooldays, first published in 1857. ... Stephen John Fry (born 24 August 1957) is an English comedian, writer, actor, humourist, novelist, columnist, filmmaker and television personality. ... For the BBC radio station, see BBC Radio 1. ... A comedy is a dramatic performance of a light and amusing character, usually with a happy conclusion to its plot. ... A television program (US), television programme (UK) or simply television show is a segment of programming in television broadcasting. ... For other uses, see Blackadder (disambiguation). ... Prince George Prince George (1762-1816) was a fictional caricature of the historical figure HRH The Prince George, Prince of Wales, played by Hugh Laurie in the third series of the popular BBC sitcom Blackadder. ... Edmund Blackadder esq. ... For other uses, see Cannon (disambiguation). ... Melchett is a fictional character in the British television sitcom series Blackadder, played by Stephen Fry. ... Blackadder: Back & Forth (1999) was created for showing during 2000 in a cinema built near the Millennium Dome, by Sky Television and the BBC, with sponsorship from—among others—Tesco PLC. Spoiler warning: Blackadder is entertaining guests on New Years Eve, 1999. ... The cover of the 1974 paperback edition of one of Foresters non-fiction titles: Hunting The Bismarck Cecil Scott Forester was the pen name of Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (August 27, 1899 â€“ April 2, 1966), an English novelist who rose to fame with tales of adventure with military themes. ... Horatio Hornblower is a fictional character, an officer in the British Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, originally the protagonist of a series of novels by C. S. Forester, and later the subject of films and television programs. ... Susanna [Mary] Clarke (born November 1, 1959) is a British author best known for her debut novel Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell (2004), a Hugo Award-winning alternate history fantasy. ... Black version of the hardcover edition. ... Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell is the debut novel by British writer Susanna Clarke. ... Italic text His Grace Field Marshal the Most Noble Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, KG, GCB, GCH, PC, FRS (c. ... The Ladies of Grace Adieu and Other Stories (ISBN 0-74-758703-5) is a collection of 10 short stories, some of which are set in the same world as Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell. ... Ronald Moodnick, known as Ron Moody (born January 8, 1924) is a British actor. ... This article is about the television series. ... Other Lives cover by Lee Binding. ... Halo: The Flood is a 2003 novel based on the video game Halo: Combat Evolved (2001). ... AI redirects here. ... The Covenant is a fictional militaristic and theocratic alliance of alien races who serve as the main antagonist body of the Halo science-fiction video game series. ... Quiz Show is a 1994 film which tells the true story of the Twenty One quiz show scandal of the 1950s. ... This article is about the American Jazz composer and performer. ... Waterloo was a Soviet-Italian film of 1970, directed by Sergei Bondarchuk and produced by Dino De Laurentiis. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Charlotte BrontÃ« (IPA: ) (April 21, 1816 â€“ March 31, 1855) was an English novelist and the eldest of the three BrontÃ« sisters whose novels have become enduring classics of English literature. ...

The Duke of Wellington's Government, January 1828 – November 1830

The Duke of Wellington—First Lord of the Treasury and Leader of the House of Lords
Lord Lyndhurst—Lord Chancellor
Lord Bathurst—Lord President of the Council
Lord Ellenborough—Lord Privy Seal
Robert Peel—Secretary of State for the Home Department and Leader of the House of Commons
Lord Dudley—Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
William Huskisson—Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
Henry Goulburn—Chancellor of the Exchequer
Charles Grant—President of the Board of Trade and Treasurer of the Navy
Lord Melville—President of the Board of Control
John Charles Herries—Master of the Mint
Lord Aberdeen—Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Lord Palmerston—Secretary at War

The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the commission exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, usually but not always the Prime Minister. ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ... John Singleton Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst (1772-1863), Lord Chancellor of England, was a British politician. ... The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor and prior to the Union the Chancellor of England and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom, and its predecessor states. ... Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst (22 May 1762 - 27 July 1834), the elder son of the second earl. ... The Office of Lord President of the Council is a British cabinet position, the holder of which acts as presiding officer of the Privy Council. ... Edward Law, 1st Earl of Ellenborough (September 8, 1790 - December 22, 1871) was a British politician. ... The Lord Privy Seal or Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal is one of the traditional sinecure offices in the British Cabinet. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... The Secretary of State for the Home Department (the Home Secretary) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ... The Leader of the House of Commons is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom who is responsible for arranging government business in the House of Commons. ... John William Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley (1781—1833), became the 4th Viscount Dudley and Ward in 1823. ... The position of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was created in the United Kingdoms governmental reorganization of 1782, in which the Northern and Southern Departments became the Home and Foreign Offices. ... A portrait of William Huskisson. ... The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India). ... Henry Goulburn (1784–1856) was an English statesman and a member of the Peelite faction after 1846. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ... This article is about the Scottish politician. ... The President of the Board of Trade the title of a cabinet position in the United Kingdom government. ... A notable office in British government between the 16th and early 19th centuries, the Treasurer of the Navy was responsible for the financial maintenance of the Royal Navy. ... 2nd Viscount Melville Sir Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville (March 14, 1771â€“June 10, 1851) was a British statesman, the son of Henry Dundas, the 1st Viscount. ... The President of the Board of Control was a British government official in the late 18th and early 19th century responsible for overseeing the British East India Company and generally serving as the chief official in London responsible for Indian affairs. ... John Charles Herries (1778 - 1855) was an English politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid 19th century. ... Master of the Mint was an important office in the British government between the 16th and 19th centuries. ... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784â€“December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is, in modern times, a sinecure office in the British government. ... The Right Honourable Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (October 20, 1784 - October 18, 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid 19th century. ... The Secretary at War was a position with some responsibility over the administration of the British military. ...

Changes

May-June, 1828—Sir George Murray succeeded Huskisson as Colonial Secretary. Lord Aberdeen succeeded Lord Dudley as Foreign Secretary. Aberdeen's successor at the Duchy of Lancaster was not in the cabinet. William Vesey-FitzGerald succeeded Grant as President of the Board of Trade and Treasurer of the Navy. Lord Palmerston left the Cabinet. His successor as Secretary at War was not in the cabinet.
September, 1828—Lord Melville became First Lord of the Admiralty. He was succeeded as President of the Board of Control by Lord Ellenborough, who also remained Lord Privy Seal
June, 1829—Lord Rosslyn succeeded Lord Ellenborough as Lord Privy Seal. Ellenborough remained at the Board of Control.

Sir George Murray (February 6, 1772 - July 26, 1846) was a British soldier and politician, the second son of Sir William Murray, 5th Baronet. ... William Vesey-FitzGerald, 2nd Baron FitzGerald and Vesey and 1st Baron FitzGerald (24 July 1783 - 11 May 1843) was an Irish statesman. ... 2nd Viscount Melville Sir Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville (March 14, 1771â€“June 10, 1851) was a British statesman, the son of Henry Dundas, the 1st Viscount. ... The First Lord of the Admiralty was a British government position in charge of the Admiralty. ... James St Clair-Erskine, 2nd Earl of Rosslyn (1762â€“1837) was an English soldier and penis politician. ...

The Duke of Wellington's Caretaker Government November 1834 – December 1834

The Duke of Wellington—First Lord of the Treasury, Secretary of State for the Home Department, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies and Leader of the House of Lords
Lord Lyndhurst—Lord Chancellor
Lord Denham—Chancellor of the Exchequer

Other offices were in commission. The First Lord of the Treasury is the head of the commission exercising the ancient office of Lord High Treasurer in the United Kingdom, usually but not always the Prime Minister. ... The Secretary of State for the Home Department (the Home Secretary) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ... The position of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was created in the United Kingdoms governmental reorganization of 1782, in which the Northern and Southern Departments became the Home and Foreign Offices. ... The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India). ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ... John Singleton Copley, 1st Baron Lyndhurst (1772-1863), Lord Chancellor of England, was a British politician. ... The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor and prior to the Union the Chancellor of England and the Lord Chancellor of Scotland, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom, and its predecessor states. ... Thomas Denman, 1st Baron Denman (23 July 1779 - 26 September 1854), English judge, was born in London, the son of a well-known physician. ... The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister responsible for all economic and financial matters. ...

Other

Wellington is a Senior Boys house at the Duke of York's Royal Military School, where, like Welbeck College, all houses are named after prominent military figures.

In September 1805, the then Major-General Wellesley, newly returned from his victorious campaign in India but not yet particularly well-known to the public, reported to the office of the Secretary for War to request a new assignment. In the waiting room, he met Vice-Admiral Horatio Nelson, already a legendary figure after his victories at the Nile and Copenhagen, and who was briefly in England after months chasing the French Toulon fleet to the West Indies and back. Nelson began a nearly monolog conversation about nothing of importance in a manner Wellesley found "vain and silly", but something the younger man said caused Nelson to guess that he might be a person of importance after all. Nelson slipped from the room to inquire who the young general was, and on his return, switched to a very different tone, discussing the war and British policies with insight and imagination. Wellesley had a delightful conversation with him for the next half hour. This was the only time that the two men met, and they never met again, because Nelson was killed at his great victory at Trafalgar just seven weeks later.^[8]

The Duke of Yorkâ€™s Royal Military School was originally founded in 1801 by Prince Frederick Augustus, Duke of York and Albany son of King George III and Queen Charlotte. ... Welbeck Defence Sixth Form College (Welbeck DSFC) is a sixth form college in the United Kingdom [1] providing A-Level education for candidates to the technical branches of the British Armed Forces and the Ministry of Defence Civil Service. ... Lord Nelson Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (September 29, 1758 – October 21, 1805) was a British admiral who won fame as a leading naval commander. ... Combatants United Kingdom First French Empire Kingdom of Spain Commanders Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson â€ Pierre Charles Silvestre de Villeneuve Strength 27 ships of the line and 6 others. ...

Notes

^ Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 60; p. 170
^ Guedalla, The Duke, p.480; which also discusses the place of birth. Guedalla chooses Mornington House, Dublin, although Wellington's father did not formally acquire it until 16 August 1769. Various other places have been assigned by tradition; ranging from a now-vanished house next door to the Dublin packet boat, to Athy, which the Duke apparently put on the 1851 census, now burnt.
^ Longford, Wellington Volume I, ad loc.
^ Professor Richard Holmes, 'Wellington, the Iron Duke - From Soldier to Statesman'
^ Web of English History
^ Brooke-Little, J.P., FSA [1950] (1978). Boutell's Heraldry, Revised Edition, London: Frederick Warne LTD, p. 127. ISBN 0-7232-2096-4.
^ Quotes attributable to the Duke of Wellington
^ Professor Richard Holmes Wellington - the Iron Duke

is the 228th day of the year (229th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1769 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Irish Grid Reference S680939 Statistics Province: Leinster County: Elevation: 71 m Population (2006) 7,943 Website: www. ... John Philip Rudolph Dominic Aloysius Mary Brooke-Little[1] CVO, KStJ, FSA, FSG, FHS, FHG (Hon), FRHSC (Hon), FHSNZ (6 April 1927â€“13 February 2006) was an influential and popular British writer on heraldic subjects and a long-serving officer of arms at the College of Arms in London. ...

References

ThePeerage.com
Burke's Peerage
Military Heritage published a feature on Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington, time and conflicts in India on behalf of the British East India Company (aka East India Tea Company) and the British crown (Charles Hilbert, Military Heritage, August 2005, Volume 7, No. 1, pp.34 to 41), ISSN 1524-8666.
Guedalla, Phillip, The Duke. London, Hodder and Stoughton, 1931.
Hutchinson, Lester. European Freebooters in Mogul India. New York: Asia Publishing House, 1964.
Longford, Elizabeth. Wellington: The Years of The Sword. New York: Harper and Row Publishers, 1969.
Mill, James. The History of British India. 6 vols. 5th ed. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1968.
Brett-James, ed. Wellington at War 1794–1815, New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1961.
A collection of the Duke’s letters. Beatson, Alexander. A View of the Origin and Conduct of the War with Tippoo Sultaun. London: Bulmer and Co., 1800.
Holmes, Richard. Wellington: The Iron Duke. London: Harper Collins Publishers, 2002 ISBN 0-00-713750-8

Burkes Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage is an authoritative guide to the titled families of Great Britain and Ireland. ... Military Heritage is a glossy, bi-monthly history magazine published by Sovereign Media. ... The British East India Company, sometimes referred to as John Company, was the first joint-stock company (the Dutch East India Company was the first to issue public stock). ...

External links

Duke of Wellington Chronology World History Database
Wellington's Military and Political Career. The Hype.
Duke of Wellington's Regiment - West Riding
Works by Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington at Project Gutenberg
Images of political cartoons featuring the Duke of Wellington (University of Nottingham)
Duke of Wellington At Find A Grave
More about Arthur Wellesley, Duke of Wellington on the Downing Street website.

Political offices
Preceded by William Elliot	Chief Secretary for Ireland 1807 – 1809	Succeeded by Robert Dundas
Preceded by The Earl of Mulgrave	Master-General of the Ordnance 1819 – 1827	Succeeded by The Marquess of Anglesey
Preceded by The Viscount Goderich	Prime Minister of the United Kingdom 22 January 1828 – 16 November 1830	Succeeded by The Earl Grey
Preceded by The Viscount Goderich	Leader of the House of Lords 1828 – 1830	Succeeded by The Earl Grey
Preceded by The Viscount Melbourne	Prime Minister (pro tempore) 17 November 1834 – 9 December 1834	Succeeded by Sir Robert Peel
Preceded by Viscount Duncannon	Home Secretary (pro tempore) 1834	Succeeded by Henry Goulburn
Preceded by Thomas Spring Rice	Secretary of State for War and the Colonies (pro tempore) 1834	Succeeded by The Earl of Aberdeen
Preceded by The Viscount Palmerston	Foreign Secretary 1834 – 1835	Succeeded by The Viscount Palmerston
Preceded by The Viscount Melbourne	Leader of the House of Lords 1834 – 1835	Succeeded by The Viscount Melbourne
Preceded by The Viscount Melbourne	Leader of the House of Lords 1841 – 1846	Succeeded by The Marquess of Lansdowne
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by Thomas Davis Lamb Sir Charles Talbot	Member of Parliament for Rye with Sir Charles Talbot 1806	Succeeded by Patrick Crauford Bruce Michael Angelo Taylor
Preceded by Samuel Boddington	Member of Parliament for Tralee May 1807 – July 1807	Succeeded by Evan Foulkes
Preceded by Sir Christopher Hawkins Frederick William Trench	Member of Parliament for Mitchell with Henry Conyngham Montgomery 1807	Succeeded by Edward Leveson-Gower George Galway Mills
Preceded by Isaac Corry Sir John Doyle	Member of Parliament for Newport with The Viscount Palmerston 1807 – 1809	Succeeded by The Viscount Palmerston Sir Leonard Thomas Worsley-Holmes
Party political offices
First None recognized before	Leader of the British Conservative Party 1828 – 1834	Succeeded by Sir Robert Peel, Bt
First None recognized before	Conservative Leader in the Lords 1828 – 1846	Succeeded by The Lord Stanley
Diplomatic posts
Vacant Napoleonic Wars Title last held by The Lord Whitworth of Newport Pratt	British Ambassador to France 1814 – 1815	Succeeded by Sir Charles Stuart
Academic offices
Preceded by Baron Grenville	Chancellor of the University of Oxford 1834 – 1852	Succeeded by Earl of Derby
Military offices
Preceded by The Duke of Richmond	Governor of Plymouth 1819 – 1827	Succeeded by The Earl Harcourt
Preceded by HRH The Duke of York	Commander-in-Chief of the Forces 1827 – 1828	Succeeded by The Lord Hill
Preceded by The Lord Hill	Commander-in-Chief of the Forces 1842 – 1852	Succeeded by The Viscount Hardinge
Honorary titles
Preceded by The Earl of Malmesbury	Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire 1820 – 1852	Succeeded by The Marquess of Winchester
Preceded by The Marquess of Hastings	Constable of the Tower Lord Lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets 1827 – 1852	Succeeded by The Viscount Combermere
Preceded by The Earl of Liverpool	Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 1829 – 1852	Succeeded by The Marquess of Dalhousie
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation	Duke of Wellington 1814 – 1852	Succeeded by Arthur Richard Wellesley

v • d • e

Prime Ministers of the United Kingdom

Great Britain: Walpole · Wilmington · Pelham · Newcastle · Devonshire · Newcastle · Bute · G Grenville · Rockingham · Chatham (Pitt the Elder) · Grafton · North · Rockingham · Shelburne · Portland · Pitt the Younger Project Gutenberg, abbreviated as PG, is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive and distribute cultural works. ... This article belongs in one or more categories. ... The Chief Secretary was the most important position for determining British policy in Ireland after the Lord Lieutenant, and was frequently a cabinet level position in the 19th and early twentieth centuries. ... 2nd Viscount Melville Sir Robert Dundas, 2nd Viscount Melville (March 14, 1771â€“June 10, 1851) was a British statesman, the son of Henry Dundas, the 1st Viscount. ... Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave (14 February 1755 - 7 April 1831) was a British statesman and politician. ... The Master-General of the Ordnance (MGO) was an important British military position before 1855, when its duties were largely abolished. ... Henry William Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey (17 May 1768 - 29 April 1854) was a British military leader and politician, now chiefly remembered for leading the charge of the heavy cavalry against dErlons column during the Battle of Waterloo. ... The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 â€“ January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827â€“1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â€“17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... John William Ponsonby, 4th Earl of Bessborough also known as Lord Duncannon (31 August 1781 - 16 May 1849) was an English politician. ... The Secretary of State for the Home Department (the Home Secretary) is the chief United Kingdom government minister responsible for law and order in England and Wales; his or her remit includes policing, the criminal justice system, the prison service, internal security, and matters of citizenship and immigration. ... Henry Goulburn (1784–1856) was an English statesman and a member of the Peelite faction after 1846. ... Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle (1790-7 February 1866), English statesman, son of S. E. Rice and Catherine Spring, came of a Limerick family, whose ancestor was Sir Stephen Rice (1637-1715), chief baron of the Irish exchequer and a leading Jacobite. ... The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet level position responsible for the army and the British colonies (other than India). ... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784â€“December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... The Right Honourable Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (October 20, 1784 - October 18, 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid 19th century. ... The position of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs was created in the United Kingdoms governmental reorganization of 1782, in which the Northern and Southern Departments became the Home and Foreign Offices. ... The Right Honourable Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston (October 20, 1784 - October 18, 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid 19th century. ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... Leader of the House of Lords is a function in the British government that is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, most often Lord President of the Council, Lord Privy Seal or Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. ... Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 3rd Marquess of Lansdowne (1780-1863), Son of the 1st Marquess by his second marriage, was born on 2 July 1780 and educated at Edinburgh University and at Trinity College, Cambridge. ... Type Bicameral Houses House of Commons House of Lords Speaker of the House of Commons Michael Martin MP Lord Speaker HÃ©lÃ¨ne Hayman, PC Members 1377 (646 Commons, 731 Peers) Political groups Labour Party Conservative Party Liberal Democrats Scottish National Party Plaid Cymru Democratic Unionist Party Sinn FÃ©in... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... Rye was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Rye in East Sussex. ... Michael Angelo Taylor (1757 â€“ 16 July 1834) was an English politician. ... Samuel Boddington (19 June 1766 â€“ 19 April 1843), was an Irish politician. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... This is a list of people elected to represent Tralee in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. ... Evan Foulkes ( 1751 â€“ 8 November 1825), was a politician in the United Kingdom. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... Mitchell, or St Michael (sometimes also called St Michaels Borough or Michaelborough) was a rotten borough consisting of the town (or village) of Mitchell, Cornwall. ... A Member of Parliament, or MP, is a representative elected by the voters to a parliament. ... Newport is a former parliamentary borough located in Newport (Isle of Wight), abolished in 1885. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Leaders of the UK Conservative Party since 1834. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... Leaders of the UK Conservative Party since 1834. ... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... Combatants Austria[a] Portugal Prussia[a] Russia[b] Sicily[c] Sardinia Spain[d] Sweden[e] United Kingdom French Empire Holland[f] Italy Etruria[g] Naples[h] Duchy of Warsaw[i] Confederation of the Rhine[j] Bavaria Saxony Westphalia WÃ¼rttemberg Denmark-Norway[k] Commanders Archduke Charles Prince Schwarzenberg Karl Mack... Charles Whitworth, Earl Whitworth G.C.B., P.C. (1752 â€“ 1825) was a british diplomatist and politician. ... Traditionally, the Embassy to France was the most prestigious posting in the British foreign service, although in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, diplomatic representation was often lacking due to wars between the two countries. ... Charles Stuart, 1st Baron Stuart de Rothesay (2 January 1779â€“6 November 1845) was a British diplomat, the son of Lt. ... William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (October 25, 1759 - January 12, 1834), was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ... Chancellors of the University of Oxford include: 1224 Robert Grosseteste (Master of the School of Oxford since 1208) 1231 Ralph Cole (surname queried) 1231 Richard Batchden 1233 Ralph Cole 1238 Simon de Bovill 1239 John de Rygater 1240 Richard of Chichester 1240 Ralph de Heyham 1244 Simon de Bovill 1246... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond and Lennox, KG (9 December 1764 â€“ August 28, 1819) was a British soldier and politician and Governor General of British North America. ... Below is a list of those who have held the office of Governor of Plymouth: This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it. ... Field Marshal William Harcourt, 3rd Earl Harcourt, GCB (20 March 1743 â€“ 17 June 1830) was an English nobleman and soldier. ... His Royal Highness The Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus) (16 August 1763 - 5 January 1827) was a member of the British Royal Family, the second eldest child, and second son of King George III. From 1820 until his own death in 1827, he was the heir... The Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, or just the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was the professional head of the British Army from 1672 until 1904, when the office was replaced by the Chief of the General Staff, soon to become Chief of the Imperial General Staff. ... Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill (1772 - 1842) was a soldier who served in the Napoleonic Wars as a subordinate to the Duke of Wellington. ... Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill (1772 - 1842) was a soldier who served in the Napoleonic Wars as a subordinate to the Duke of Wellington. ... The Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, or just the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was the professional head of the British Army from 1672 until 1904, when the office was replaced by the Chief of the General Staff, soon to become Chief of the Imperial General Staff. ... Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge (March 30, 1785 - September 24, 1856), was a British field marshal and governor-general of India. ... James Harris, 1st Earl of Malmesbury (April 21, 1746 - November 21, 1820), English diplomatist, was born at Salisbury, being the son of James Harris, the author of Hermes. ... This is an incomplete list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire. ... Francis, 1st Marquess of Hastings (Earl of Moira) Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 1st Marquess of Hastings, (9 December 1754 - 28 November 1826) was a British politician and military officer who served as Governor-General of India from 1813 to 1823. ... The Constable of the Tower of London is the governor of the Tower. ... This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets. ... Stapleton Stapleton-Cotton, 1st Viscount Combermere GCB GCH KSI PC (November 14, 1773 â€“ 21 February 1865), British field-marshal and colonel of the 1st Life Guards, was the second son of Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, 5th Baronet of Combermere Abbey, Shropshire, and was born on 14 November 1773, at Lleweni... Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (June 7, 1770 - December 4, 1828) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. ... Flag of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports The Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports is a ceremonial official in the United Kingdom. ... James Andrew Broun-Ramsay, 1st Marquess and 10th Earl of Dalhousie (April 22, 1812–December 19, 1860) was a British statesman, and a colonial administrator in India. ... The Peerage of the United Kingdom comprises most peerages created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the Act of Union in 1801. ... The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ... Arthur Richard Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington (3 February 1807 - 13 August 1884) was the son and successor to Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is, in practice, the political leader of the United Kingdom. ... Robert Walpole, 1st Earl of Orford, (commonly known as Robert Walpole, or Sir Robert Walpole) KG, KB, PC (26 August 1676 â€“ 18 March 1745) was a British statesman who is generally regarded as having been the first Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... The Rt. ... The Right Honourable Henry Pelham (25 September 1694â€“6 March 1754) was a British Whig statesman, who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 27 August 1743 to his death about ten years later. ... Arms of Thomas Pelham-Holles Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme (July 21, 1693 â€“ November 17, 1768) was a British Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ... William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire (c. ... Arms of Thomas Pelham-Holles Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyme (July 21, 1693 â€“ November 17, 1768) was a British Whig statesman, whose official life extended throughout the Whig supremacy of the 18th century. ... John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (May 25, 1713 - March 10, 1792), was a Scottish nobleman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain (1762-1763) under George III. A close relative of the Campbell clan (his mother was a daughter of the First Duke of Argyll), Bute succeeded to... George Grenville (14 October 1712 â€“ 13 November 1770) was a British Whig statesman who served in government for the relatively short period of seven years, reaching the position of Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (May 13, 1730 â€“ July 1, 1782) was a British Whig statesman, most notable for his two terms as Whig Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham PC (15 November 1708 â€“ 11 May 1778) was a British Whig statesman who achieved his greatest fame as Secretary of State during the Seven Years War (known as the French and Indian War in North America) and who was later Prime Minister of Great... The Most Noble Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, KG, PC (28 September 1735â€“14 March 1811) was a British Whig statesman of the Georgian era. ... Frederick North, 2nd Earl of Guilford, KG, PC (13 April 1732 â€“ 5 August 1792), more often known by his courtesy title, Lord North, which he used from 1752 until 1790, was Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1770 to 1782, and a major actor in the American Revolution. ... Charles Watson-Wentworth, 2nd Marquess of Rockingham (May 13, 1730 â€“ July 1, 1782) was a British Whig statesman, most notable for his two terms as Whig Prime Minister of Great Britain. ... William Petty Fitzmaurice, 1st Marquess of Lansdowne (2 May 1737–7 May 1805), also known as the Earl of Shelburne (1761–1784), was a British statesman. ... William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (April 14, 1738 â€“ October 30, 1809) was a British Whig and Tory statesman, Chancellor of Oxford University and Prime Minister. ... William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â€“ 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ...

United Kingdom: Pitt the Younger · Addington · Pitt the Younger · W Grenville · Portland · Perceval · Liverpool · Canning · Goderich · Wellington · Grey · Melbourne · Wellington · Peel · Melbourne · Peel · Russell · Derby · Aberdeen · Palmerston · Derby · Palmerston · Russell · Derby · Disraeli · Gladstone · Disraeli · Gladstone · Salisbury · Gladstone · Salisbury · Gladstone · Rosebery · Salisbury · Balfour · Campbell-Bannerman · Asquith · Lloyd George · Bonar Law · Baldwin · MacDonald · Baldwin · MacDonald · Baldwin · Chamberlain · Churchill · Attlee · Churchill · Eden · Macmillan · Douglas-Home · Wilson · Heath · Wilson · Callaghan · Thatcher · Major · Blair · Brown William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â€“ 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... The Right Honourable Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, PC (30 May 1757â€“15 February 1844) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1804. ... William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 â€“ 23 January 1806) was a British politician of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (October 25, 1759 - January 12, 1834), was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ... William Henry Cavendish Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland, (April 14, 1738 â€“ October 30, 1809) was a British Whig and Tory statesman, Chancellor of Oxford University and Prime Minister. ... Spencer Perceval (1 November 1762 â€“ 11 May 1812) was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ... The son of George IIIs close adviser Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool and his part-Indian first wife, Amelia Watts, Robert Jenkinson was educated at Charterhouse School and Christ Church, Oxford. ... George Canning (11 April 1770 â€“ 8 August 1827) was a British statesman and politician who served as Foreign Secretary and, briefly, Prime Minister. ... The Right Honourable Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 â€“ January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827â€“1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). ... The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â€“17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... Arms of Lord Melbourne William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne, PC (15 March 1779â€“24 November 1848) was a British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and a mentor of Queen Victoria. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â€“ 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784â€“December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â€“ 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... Gladstone redirects here. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... Gladstone redirects here. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Gladstone redirects here. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Gladstone redirects here. ... Archibald Primrose redirects here. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... For the steel manufacturer, see Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale. ... Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (7 September 1836 â€“ 22 April 1908) , also known as Andie McDowell, was a British Liberal statesman who served as Prime Minister from December 5, 1905 until resigning due to ill health on April 3, 1908. ... Herbert Henry Asquith, 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith, KG, PC (12 September 1852 â€“ 15 February 1928) served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916. ... David Lloyd George, 1st Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, OM, PC (17 January 1863 â€“ 26 March 1945) was a British statesman who was Prime Minister throughout the latter half of World War I and the first four years of the subsequent peace. ... Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â€“ 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ... Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â€“ 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 â€“ 9 November 1937) was a British politician and three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â€“ 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 â€“ 9 November 1937) was a British politician and three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â€“ 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the British prime minister. ... Churchill redirects here. ... Clement Richard Attlee, 1st Earl Attlee, KG, OM, CH, PC (3 January 1883 â€“ 8 October 1967) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1945 to 1951. ... Churchill redirects here. ... For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ... Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â€“ 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ... Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October... James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 â€“ 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ... Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, OBE (9 July 1916 â€“ 17 July 2005) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. ... James Harold Wilson, Baron Wilson of Rievaulx, KG, OBE, FRS, PC (11 March 1916 â€“ 24 May 1995) was one of the most prominent British politicians of the 20th century. ... Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 â€“ 26 March 2005), was Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979. ... Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (nÃ©e Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and only woman to hold either post. ... For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ... For other people of the same name, see Tony Blair (disambiguation) Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born May 6, 1953)[1] is the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, First Lord of the Treasury, Minister for the Civil Service, Leader of the Labour Party, and Member of Parliament for the constituency... For others with the same or similar names, see Gordon Brown (disambiguation). ...

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Leaders of the Conservative Party

In the House of Lords (before 1922)
The Duke of Wellington (1830-1846) The Earl of Derby (1846-1868) The Earl of Malmesbury (1868-1869) The Lord Cairns (1869-1870) The Duke of Richmond, Lennox & Gordon (1870-1876) The Earl of Beaconsfield (1870-1881) The Marquess of Salisbury (1881-1902) The Duke of Devonshire (1902-1903) The Marquess of Lansdowne (1903-1916) The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston (1916-1922)

In the House of Commons (before 1922)
Sir Robert Peel, Bt (1830-1846) The Lord George Bentinck (1846-1847) Marquess of Granby (1848) Vacant (1848-1849) Benjamin Disraeli with Marquess of Granby and John Charles Herries (1849-1852) Benjamin Disraeli (1852-1876) Sir Stafford Northcote, Bt (1876-1885) Sir Michael Hicks Beach, Bt (1885-1886) The Lord Randolph Churchill (1886-1887) W.H. Smith (1887-1891) Arthur Balfour (1891-1911) Andrew Bonar Law (1911-1921) Sir Austen Chamberlain (1921-1922)

Overall leader (since 1922)
Andrew Bonar Law (1922-1923) Stanley Baldwin (1923-1937) Neville Chamberlain (1937-1940) Winston Churchill (1940-1955) Sir Anthony Eden (1955-1957) Harold Macmillan (1957-1963) Sir Alec Douglas-Home(1963-1965) Edward Heath (1965-1975) Margaret Thatcher (1975-1990) John Major (1990-1997) William Hague (1997-2001) Iain Duncan Smith (2001-2003) Michael Howard (2003-2005) David Cameron (since 2005) Image File history File links Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom. ... Leaders of the UK Conservative Party since 1834. ... Arms of Edward Smith-Stanley Statue in Parliament Square, London Edward George Geoffrey Smith-Stanley, 14th Earl of Derby, KG, PC (29 March 1799â€“23 October 1869) was a British statesman, three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and is to date the longest serving leader of the Conservative... The Rt Hon. ... Hugh McCalmont Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns (27 December 1810 - 2 April 1885) was a British statesman (of Irish birth) who served as Lord Chancellor of Great Britain during the first two ministries of Benjamin Disraeli. ... His Grace The Duke of Richmond and Lennox Charles Henry Gordon_Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, 6th Duke of Lennox and 1st Duke of Gordon (February 27, 1818 - September 27, 1903) was a British politician. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire (23 July 1833 - 24 March 1908) was a British Liberal statesman, previously known (1858-1891) as Marquess of Hartington (a courtesy title). ... The Most Honourable Henry Charles Keith Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE (14 January 1845 â€“ 3 June 1927) was a British politician and Irish peer who served successively as Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for... The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, KG, GCSI, GCIE, PC (11 January 1859 â€“ 20 March 1925) was a British Conservative statesman who served as Viceroy of India and Foreign Secretary. ... For other people named Robert Peel, see Robert Peel (disambiguation). ... Lord William George Frederick Cavendish-Bentinck (27 February 1802â€“21 September 1848), better known as simply Lord George Bentinck, was an English Conservative politician and racehorse owner, best known (with Benjamin Disraeli) for his role in unseating Sir Robert Peel over the Corn Laws. ... The Most Noble Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland (1815â€“1888), known before 1857 as the Marquess of Granby, was an English Conservative politician. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... The Most Noble Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland (1815â€“1888), known before 1857 as the Marquess of Granby, was an English Conservative politician. ... John Charles Herries (1778 - 1855) was an English politician and financier and a frequent member of Tory and Conservative cabinets in the early to mid 19th century. ... Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield (December 21, 1804 - April 24, British Conservative Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and author. ... The Rt Hon. ... The Rt Hon. ... Lord Randolph Henry Spencer Churchill Lord Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill (13 February 1849 â€“ 24 January 1895) was a British statesman. ... The Rt Hon. ... For the steel manufacturer, see Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale. ... Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â€“ 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ... The Rt. ... Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 â€“ 30 October 1923) was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister. ... Stanley Baldwin, 1st Earl Baldwin of Bewdley, KG, PC (3 August 1867 â€“ 14 December 1947) was a British statesman and thrice Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... This article is about the British prime minister. ... Churchill redirects here. ... For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ... Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â€“ 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ... Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October... Sir Edward Richard George Heath, KG, OBE (9 July 1916 â€“ 17 July 2005) was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1970 to 1974 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1965 to 1975. ... Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, LG, OM, PC, FRS (nÃ©e Roberts; born 13 October 1925) served as British Prime Minister from 1979 to 1990 and leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 until 1990, being the first and only woman to hold either post. ... For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ... William Jefferson Hague (born 26 March 1961) is a British politician, the Member of Parliament for Richmond, North Yorkshire, former leader of the Conservative Party, and current Conservative Shadow Foreign Secretary. ... Rt. ... The Rt Hon. ... For the Canadian ice hockey player, see Dave Cameron. ...

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Foreign Secretary

Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs: Fox · Grantham · Fox · Temple · Leeds · Grenville · Hawkesbury · Harrowby · Mulgrave · Fox · Howick · Canning · Bathurst · Wellesley · Castlereagh · Canning · Dudley · Aberdeen · Palmerston · Wellington · Palmerston · Aberdeen · Palmerston · Granville · Malmesbury · Russell · Clarendon · Malmesbury · Russell · Clarendon · Stanley · Clarendon · Granville · Derby · Salisbury · Granville · Salisbury · Rosebery · Iddesleigh · Salisbury · Rosebery · Kimberley · Salisbury · Lansdowne · Grey · Balfour · Curzon · MacDonald · Chamberlain · Henderson · Reading · Simon · Hoare · Eden · Halifax · Eden · Bevin · Morrison · Eden · Macmillan · Lloyd · Home · Butler · Gordon Walker · Stewart · Brown · Stewart
The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs (commonly referred to as Foreign Secretary) is a member of the British Government responsible for relations with foreign countries, heading the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (often called simply the Foreign Office). ... Statue of Charles James Fox in Bloomsbury Square, erected 1816. ... Thomas boob, 2nd Baron pop (1738-1786), British politician and statesman, was the son of Thomas Robinson, 1st Baron Grantham. ... Statue of Charles James Fox in Bloomsbury Square, erected 1816. ... George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham (17 June 1753 - 1813) was a British statesman; he was the second son of George Grenville and a brother of William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville. ... Francis Godolphin Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds (29 January 1751 â€“ 31 January 1799, was a British politician. ... William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville (October 25, 1759 - January 12, 1834), was a British statesman and Prime Minister. ... The son of George IIIs close adviser Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool and his part-Indian first wife, Amelia Watts, Robert Jenkinson was educated at Charterhouse School and Christ Church, Oxford. ... Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby (1762-1847), the eldest son of Nathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby (d. ... Henry Phipps, 1st Earl of Mulgrave (14 February 1755 - 7 April 1831) was a British statesman and politician. ... Statue of Charles James Fox in Bloomsbury Square, erected 1816. ... The Right Honourable Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, KG, PC (13 March 1764â€“17 July 1845), known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807, was a British Whig statesman and Prime Minister. ... George Canning (11 April 1770 â€“ 8 August 1827) was a British statesman and politician who served as Foreign Secretary and, briefly, Prime Minister. ... Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst (22 May 1762 - 27 July 1834), the elder son of the second earl. ... Richard Wellesley ,1st Marquess Wellesley The Most Honourable Richard Colley Wesley, later Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley (20 June 1760 - 26 September 1842), was the eldest son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington, an Irish peer, and brother of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. ... Lord Castlereagh Foreign Secretary 1812â€“1822 Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry, KG, GCH, PC (18 June 1769 in Dublin â€“ 12 August 1822 at Loring Hall, Kent), known until 1821 by his courtesy title of Viscount Castlereagh, was an Anglo-Irish politician born in Dublin who represented the United Kingdom... George Canning (11 April 1770 â€“ 8 August 1827) was a British statesman and politician who served as Foreign Secretary and, briefly, Prime Minister. ... John William Ward, 1st Earl of Dudley PC (9 August 1781 â€“ 6 March 1833), became the 4th Viscount Dudley and Ward in 1823. ... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784â€“December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... The Right Honourable George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen, PC (January 28, 1784â€“December 14, 1860) was a Tory/Peelite politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855. ... Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC (20 October 1784 â€“ 18 October 1865) was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... The Earl Granville Granville George Leveson Gower, 2nd Earl Granville KG , PC (11 May 1815 â€“ 31 March 1891) was a British Liberal statesman. ... The Rt Hon. ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â€“ 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon (January 12, 1800 - June 27, 1870), was an English diplomat and statesman. ... The Rt Hon. ... John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, KG, GCMG, PC (18 August 1792 â€“ 28 May 1878), known as Lord John Russell before 1861, was an English Whig and Liberal politician who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom in the mid-19th century. ... George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon (January 12, 1800 - June 27, 1870), was an English diplomat and statesman. ... The Rt Hon. ... George William Frederick Villiers, 4th Earl of Clarendon (January 12, 1800 - June 27, 1870), was an English diplomat and statesman. ... The Earl Granville Granville George Leveson Gower, 2nd Earl Granville KG , PC (11 May 1815 â€“ 31 March 1891) was a British Liberal statesman. ... The Rt Hon. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... The Earl Granville Granville George Leveson Gower, 2nd Earl Granville KG , PC (11 May 1815 â€“ 31 March 1891) was a British Liberal statesman. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Archibald Primrose redirects here. ... The Rt Hon. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... Archibald Primrose redirects here. ... John Wodehouse, 1st Earl of Kimberley (1826-1902), English statesman, was born on 7 January 1826, being the eldest son of the Hon. ... Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, KG, GCVO, PC (3 February 1830 â€“ 22 August 1903), known as Lord Robert Cecil before 1865 and as Viscount Cranborne from 1865 until 1868, was a British statesman and Prime Minister on three occasions, for a total of over 13 years. ... The Most Honourable Henry Charles Keith Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE (14 January 1845 â€“ 3 June 1927) was a British politician and Irish peer who served successively as Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India, Secretary of State for War, and Secretary of State for... Edward Grey, 1st Viscount Grey of Fallodon (April 25, 1862 â€“ September 7, 1933), better known as Sir Edward Grey was a British politician and ornithologist. ... For the steel manufacturer, see Arthur Balfour, 1st Baron Riverdale. ... The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, KG, GCSI, GCIE, PC (11 January 1859 â€“ 20 March 1925) was a British Conservative statesman who served as Viceroy of India and Foreign Secretary. ... James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 â€“ 9 November 1937) was a British politician and three times Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. ... The Rt. ... The Right Honourable Arthur Henderson (September 13, 1863 â€“ October 20, 1935) was a British politician and union leader. ... Rufus Daniel Isaacs, 1st Marquess of Reading (10 October 1860 - 30 December 1935) was a British politician and jurist. ... John Allsebrook Simon, 1st Viscount Simon GCSI GCVO OBE PC (1873-1954) was a British politician and statesman. ... Samuel John Gurney Hoare, 1st Viscount Templewood GCSI , GBE , CMG , PC (24 February 1880 â€“ 7 May 1959), more commonly known as Sir Samuel Hoare, was a British Conservative politician who served in various capacities in the Conservative and National governments of the 1920s and 1930s. ... For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ... Cover of Time Magazine April 12, 1926 Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, known as Lord Irwin from 1926 until 1934, (1881-1959) was a British Conservative politician. ... For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ... Ernest Bevin (9 March 1881 - 14 April 1951) was a British labour leader, politician, and statesman best known for his time as Minister of Labour in the war-time coalition government, and as Foreign Secretary in the post-war Labour government. ... Herbert Morrison For others named Herbert Morrison, see Herbert Morrison (disambiguation). ... For the eponymous hat, see Anthony Eden hat. ... Maurice Harold Macmillan, 1st Earl of Stockton, OM, PC (10 February 1894 â€“ 29 December 1986), was a British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1957 to 1963. ... John Selwyn Brooke Lloyd, Baron Selwyn-Lloyd (28 July 1904 - 18 May 1978), known for most of his career as Selwyn Lloyd, was a British Conservative politician. ... Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October... Richard Austen Butler, Baron Butler of Saffron Walden, KG, CH, PC, DL (9 December 1902 â€“ 8 March 1982), who invariably signed his name R. A. Butler and was familiarly known as Rab, was a British Conservative politician. ... Patrick Chrestien Gordon Walker, Baron Gordon-Walker (7 April 1907â€“2 December 1980) was a British politician. ... The Right Honourable Captain Robert Maitland Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham, PC (November 6, 1906, Bromley - March 13, 1990) was a British Labour politician who served twice as Foreign Secretary in the first cabinet of Harold Wilson. ... George Alfred Brown, later George Alfred George-Brown, Baron George-Brown, PC (2 September 1914 â€“ 2 June 1985) was a British politician who served as Deputy Leader of the Labour Party from 1960 to 1970, and was a senior Cabinet minister (including as Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) in... The Right Honourable Captain Robert Maitland Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham, PC (November 6, 1906, Bromley - March 13, 1990) was a British Labour politician who served twice as Foreign Secretary in the first cabinet of Harold Wilson. ...

Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs: Stewart · Douglas-Home · Callaghan · Crosland · Owen · Carrington · Pym · Howe · Major · Hurd · Rifkind · Cook · Straw · Beckett · Miliband
The Right Honourable Captain Robert Maitland Michael Stewart, Baron Stewart of Fulham, PC (November 6, 1906, Bromley - March 13, 1990) was a British Labour politician who served twice as Foreign Secretary in the first cabinet of Harold Wilson. ... Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel,[1] KT, PC (2 July 1903 - 9 October 1995) 14th Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963, was a British Conservative (actually SUP) politician, and served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom for a year from October 1963 to October... Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, KG, PC (27 March 1912 â€“ 26 March 2005), was Labour Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979. ... Charles Anthony Raven Crosland (29 August 1918 - 19 February 1977) was a member of the Labour Party and an important socialist theorist. ... David Anthony Llewellyn Owen, Baron Owen, CH, PC (born July 2, 1938) is a British politician, Chancellor of the University of Liverpool and one of the founders of the British Social Democratic Party (SDP). ... Lord Carrington wearing his robes as a Knight Companion of the Order of the Garter, in procession to St Georges Chapel, Windsor Castle for the annual service of the Order of the Garter. ... Popular conservative British politician Francis Pym, during his Cambridge years Francis Leslie Pym, Baron Pym, MC and Bar, PC (born 13 February 1922) is a British Conservative Party politician and former member of the Cabinet. ... Richard Edward Geoffrey Howe, Baron Howe of Aberavon, CH, PC, QC (born 20 December 1926), known until 1992 as Sir Geoffrey Howe, is a senior British Conservative politician. ... For other persons named John Major, see John Major (disambiguation). ... Douglas Richard Hurd, Baron Hurd of Westwell, CH, CBE, PC (born 8 March 1930), is a senior British Conservative politician and novelist, who served in the governments of Margaret Thatcher and John Major between 1979 and his retirement in 1995. ... Sir Malcolm Leslie Rifkind, KCMG, QC (born 21 June 1946) is a Scottish Conservative and Unionist politician and Member of Parliament for the constituency of Kensington and Chelsea. ... Robert Finlayson Cook (28 February 1946 â€“ 6 August 2005) was a politician in the British Labour Party. ... For other uses, see Jack Straw (disambiguation). ... Margaret Mary Beckett (nÃ©e Jackson; born 15 January 1943) is a British Labour politician and Member of Parliament (MP) for Derby South. ... David Wright Miliband (born 15 July 1965) is a British politician who is the current Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [1] and Member of Parliament for the constituency of South Shields, Tyne and Wear. ...

v • d • e

Commanders-in-Chief of the Forces

Duke of Monmouth • Earl of Marlborough • Duke of Leinster • Duke of Ormonde • Earl of Stair • George Wade • Viscount Ligionier • Marquess of Granby • Lord Amherst • Henry Conway • Lord Amherst • Duke of York • Sir David Dundas • Duke of York • Duke of Wellington • Lord Hill • Duke of Wellington • Viscount Hardinge • Duke of Cambridge • Viscount Wolseley • Earl Roberts Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... The Commander-in-Chief of the Forces, or just the Commander-in-Chief (C-in-C), was the professional head of the British Army from 1672 until 1904, when the office was replaced by the Chief of the General Staff, soon to become Chief of the Imperial General Staff. ... James Crofts, later James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and of Buccleuch (April 9, 1649 â€“ July 15, 1685), was an English nobleman who was executed in 1685 after making an unsuccessful attempt to claim the British throne, the Monmouth Rebellion. ... John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (26 May 1650 â€“ 16 June 1722) (O.S)[1] was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs throughout the late 17th and early 18th centuries. ... Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg, 1st Duke of Leinster (30 June 1641 - 5 July 1719) was an Irish general, whose father was also a famous military officer. ... James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde (April 29, 1665 - November 16, 1745), Irish statesman and soldier, son of Thomas, Earl of Ossory, and grandson of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde, was born in Dublin and was educated in France and afterwards at Christ Church, Oxford. ... John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair (July 20, 1673 - May 9, 1747) was a Scottish soldier and diplomat. ... The Rt. ... John (Jean Louis) Ligonier, 1st Earl Ligonier, KB, PC (1680 - 1770) was a British military officer. ... John Manners, Marquess of Granby (1721 - October 18, 1770), British soldier, was the eldest son of the 3rd Duke of Rutland. ... Jeffrey Amherst, painted by Joshua Reynolds in 1765 Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (sometimes spelled Geoffrey, or Jeffrey, he himself spelled his name as Jeffery) (January 29, 1717 â€“ August 3, 1797) served as an officer in the British Army. ... The Rt Hon. ... Jeffrey Amherst, painted by Joshua Reynolds in 1765 Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (sometimes spelled Geoffrey, or Jeffrey, he himself spelled his name as Jeffery) (January 29, 1717 â€“ August 3, 1797) served as an officer in the British Army. ... The Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus) (16 August 1763 - 5 January 1827) was a member of the British Royal Family, the second eldest child, and second son, of King George III. From 1820 until his death in 1827, he was the heir presumptive to his elder... The Right Honourable Sir David Dundas, 1st Baronet, GCB (7 December 1749â€“10 January 1826) was a British general who served as Commander-in-Chief of the Forces from 1809 to 1811, and was created a baronet on 22 May 1815. ... The Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany (Frederick Augustus) (16 August 1763 - 5 January 1827) was a member of the British Royal Family, the second eldest child, and second son, of King George III. From 1820 until his death in 1827, he was the heir presumptive to his elder... Rowland Hill, 1st Viscount Hill (1772 - 1842) was a soldier who served in the Napoleonic Wars as a subordinate to the Duke of Wellington. ... Henry Hardinge, 1st Viscount Hardinge (March 30, 1785 - September 24, 1856), was a British field marshal and governor-general of India. ... Prince George, 2nd Duke of Cambridge Prince George, Duke of Cambridge (26 March 1819 â€“ 17 March 1904), was a member of the British Royal Family, a male-line grandson of King George III. The Duke was an army officer and served as commander-in-chief of the British Army from... Field Marshal Lord Wolseley The Right Honourable Garnet Joseph Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley (4 June 1833â€“25 March 1913) was a British Field Marshal. ... Lord Roberts of Kabul and Kandahar on his Celebrated Charger (Harpers Magazine, European Edition, December 1897, p27) Field Marshal Frederick Sleigh Roberts, 1st Earl Roberts, VC, KG, KP, GCB, OM, GCSI, GCIE, PC (30 September 1832 â€“ 14 November 1914) was a distinguished British soldier and one of the most...

Persondata
NAME	Wellesley, Arthur, 1st Duke of Wellington
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Wesley, Arthur (birth name);Viscount Wellington; Earl of Wellington; Marquess of Wellington
SHORT DESCRIPTION	Soldier and statesman
DATE OF BIRTH	1 May 1769
PLACE OF BIRTH	Dublin, Ireland
DATE OF DEATH	14 September 1852
PLACE OF DEATH	Walmer Castle

Results from FactBites:

Duke of Wellington - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (343 words)
	The Dukedom of Wellington, derived from Wellington in Somerset, is a hereditary title and the senior Dukedom in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
	The Viscountcy of Wellesley and the Barony and Earldom of Mornington are in the Peerage of Ireland; the rest are in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.
	The Dukes of Wellington also hold the foreign titles of Prince of Waterloo (The Netherlands, 1815), Duque de Ciudad Rodrigo (Spain, 1812), Duque de Vitória and Marquês de Torres Vedras (Portugal, 1812) and Conde de Vimeiro (Portugal, 1811).

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