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Ayrton Senna da Silva (March 21, 1960–May 1, 1994), better known as Ayrton Senna, was a Brazilian Formula One triple world champion. He died whilst leading the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix at Imola. Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Image File history File links Flag_of_Brazil. ...
Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
The Formula One World Drivers Championship (WDC) is awarded by the Fédération Internationale de lAutomobile (FIA) to the most successful Formula One race car driver over a season, as determined by a points system based on Grand Prix results. ...
This article recaps the Formula One season of 1988. ...
This article recaps the 1990 Formula One season. ...
The 1991 Formula One season was the 42th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on March 25, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 136. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on April 21, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 144. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 7, 1993. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 1, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 24. ...
March 21 is the 80th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (81st in leap years). ...
1960 (MCMLX) was a leap year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1960 calendar). ...
May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ...
1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...
Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 1, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 24. ...
The San Marino Grand Prix is a Formula One championship race which has been run at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in the small town of Imola, near the Apennine mountains in Italy, since 1981. ...
The Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari is a racing circuit near the wonderful Italian town of Imola, 40 Km east of Bologna and 80 Km east of the Ferrari factory in Maranello. ...
[edit] Early life
Senna was born in São Paulo. As the son of a wealthy Brazilian landowner, he quickly developed an interest in motor racing. Encouraged by his father, a racing enthusiast, Senna got behind the wheel of his first kart at the age of four. He entered karting competition at the legal age of 13. Ayrton Senna himself describes his first ever kart race in a documentary that was made in the early 80s. He described how the circuits were made on regular streets and car parking lots. Starting positions were written on pieces of paper, mixed in a helmet and were drawn. The number he drew for his first race was the number 1. He therefore started his first ever race from pole position. The competitors were far more experienced but could not keep up with him on the straights as he was much lighter due to being much younger than they were. He states that they were much better in the corners of course, and eventually someone hit him from behind and he spun off. In 1977, he won the South American Kart Championship, and was runner up several times in the World Championship but never won. Landmark buildings EdifÃcio Italia (at left) and Copan (curved façade at center), in São Paulo Downtown. ...
A kart racer takes a turn on an indoor track Kart racing (as the word is so spelled by enthusiasts) or karting is a variant of open-wheeler motor sport with simple, small four-wheeled vehicles called karts, go-karts, or gearbox/shifter karts depending on the design. ...
For the album by Ash, see 1977 (album). ...
Heading for Europe in 1981, he entered the British Formula Ford 1600 competition, which he won. He also adopted his mother's maiden name, Senna, as da Silva is a very common name in Brazil. World map showing Europe Political map (neighboring countries in Asia and Africa also shown) Europe is one of the seven traditional continents of the Earth. ...
1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
In 1982 Senna won two of the European races - the British and European Formula Ford 2000 Championships. In addition to winning the prestigious and high-profile Macau Grand Prix when he was with the Teddy Yip's Theodore Racing Team, Ayrton saw off the challenges of Martin Brundle in the 1983 British F3 championship, and after testing with Williams, McLaren, Brabham and Toleman, he managed to secure a seat with the latter in time for the 1984 Formula One season. 1982 (MCMLXXXII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
This article is about the continent. ...
Introduction Originally conceived in 1954 as an amateur event for local motoring enthusiasts, the Macau Grand Prix is today a race meeting to which the worlds leading riders and drivers vie for entries. ...
Teddy Yip, a Dutch national, was a Formula 1 team owner in the 1970s. ...
Martin Brundle (born June 1, 1959) is an English motor racing and former Formula One driver known chiefly as the man who ran Ayrton Senna close in British Formula Three and as ITV Sport F1 commentator. ...
1983 (MCMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
The Brabham Racing Organisation was a Formula One racing team founded by Jack Brabham and Ron Tauranac. ...
Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
[edit] Into Formula One The Toleman team was small in comparison to larger teams of that time such as those of Williams, McLaren, or Brabham. Despite this, the team built a decent car powered by Hart Turbo engines and it would be in this car that Senna's talents soon started to attract notice. He scored his first World Championship point on April 7, 1984 at the South African Grand Prix at Kyalami. Three races and two points later came the high watermark of Senna's debut season when he really impressed at the Monaco GP. Rain had plagued the event come Sunday where he started 13th on the grid, but after the start of the race, he soon was picking his way through the field in the wet on a circuit not known for overtaking in the dry. By Lap 19, he passed second place man (a double, and later triple World Champion) Niki Lauda and soon chased after race leader Alain Prost. However, the rain started lashing harder and on Lap 31 the race was stopped. (This would have unfortunate consequences for Prost. Half points for a win was less than full points for the second place he would have earned (few doubt Senna would have got by him) if the event had continued to two-thirds distance, enough to be counted full race. The extra points would have earned Prost the championship.) It was an impressive first podium for the Brazilian. Two more podium finishes (thirds) would follow at the British GP at Brands Hatch and at the season-closing Portuguese GP at Estoril, ultimately placing Senna ninth in the standings, tied with Nigel Mansell on 13 points. Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Brabham Racing Organisation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Hart was a Formula One engine manufacturer that participated in 157 Grands Prix, entering a total of 368 cars. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on April 7, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Patrick Tambay 18. ...
April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ...
1984 (MCMLXXXIV) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The South African Grand Prix was first run as a Grand Prix motor racing handicap race in 1934 at the Prince George Circuit at East London, Eastern Cape Province. ...
Kyalami is a motor racing circuit, and suburb in Gauteng, South Africa north of Johannesburg. ...
The Monaco Grand Prix is a Formula One race held annually, and since 1929, in the Principality of Monaco considered to be one of the most important and prestigious races around the world alongside the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Andreas Nikolaus Niki Lauda (born February 22, 1949) is an Austrian racing driver. ...
For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
The British Grand Prix is a race in the calendar of the FIA Formula One World Championship. ...
Brands Hatch is a British motor racing circuit. ...
The first Portuguese Grand Prix was held on the Boavista street course in Oporto on 14 August 1958, followed in 1959 by a grand prix at Monsanto Park, Lisbon. ...
Estoril Beach Estoril is a civil parish of the Portuguese municipality of Cascais. ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
[edit] Lotus years The next year, Senna joined the Lotus team powered with Renault engines (albeit in a bit of controversy as he had to buy out the remaining year in his Toleman contract) and it was expected that Senna would finally be able to deliver on his promising talent. He partnered Elio De Angelis and drove one of the best Lotus designs for several seasons, the 97T. He scored his first of a record setting 65 pole positions (a record now broken by Michael Schumacher) at the season opener in Brazil at the Jacarepaguá Circuit in Rio de Janeiro, only to retire with an electrical problem. However, at the second round raced at the Autódromo do Estoril in Estoril, Portugal on April 21, 1985, he finally scored his first Grand Prix victory, winning from pole position thanks to an impressive display of wet-weather driving in treacherous conditions which even saw second-place man (and later World Champion) Alain Prost spin off into the wall. However, the remainder of his 1985 season was plagued with mechanical failures despite his outright speed and his ability to score pole position after pole position during qualifying. He only managed another win at the Belgian GP at the famous Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps (once again in wet conditions). At the end of 1985, he finished a respectable 4th in the World Championship with 38 points and six podiums (two wins, two seconds and two thirds), as well as snatching seven pole positions. It was during these years that he also established a relationship with Bernie Ecclestone. Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
Renault F1 is a Formula One racing team that has competed both as an engine supplier and as a constructor from the late 1970s to the present day, with several breaks. ...
Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
Elio de Angelis (born 26 March 1958 - died 15 May 1986) was a Formula One driver who participated between 1979 and 1986. ...
Ayrton Senna at the wheel of a Lotus 97T The Lotus 97T was a development of the Lotus 95T of 1984. ...
Jacarepagua (also known as Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet {do Rio de Janeiro}) is a race course in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil which hosted the Brazilian Grand Prix 10 times. ...
Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Southeast State Rio de Janeiro Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Area - City 1,260 km² Population - City (2005) 5,613,000 [1] - Density 4. ...
The Autódromo do Estoril is a 4. ...
Estoril Beach Estoril is a civil parish of the Portuguese municipality of Cascais. ...
April 21 is the 111th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (112th in leap years). ...
1985 (MCMLXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on April 21, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 144. ...
For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
The Belgian Grand Prix is an automobile race, part of the Formula One World Championship. ...
The old version of the circuit used between 1957 and 1978. ...
Bernard Charles Bernie Ecclestone (born October 28, 1930 in Suffolk, United Kingdom) is the president and CEO of Formula One Management and Formula One Administration, he also owns a stake in Alpha Prema, the parent company of the Formula One Group of companies. ...
British Grand Prix, Brands Hatch 1986. Photo by Peter Hanna His second season with Lotus however was even better, as the Lotus car was developed and proved to be a more reliable, if not consistent package. He started the season on a high finishing second to his fellow countryman Nelson Piquet at their home event, the Brazilian GP at Jacarepaguá in Rio de Janeiro. He then took the World Championship lead for the first time in his career after winning an exciting Spanish GP at the Jerez de la Frontera circuit in which he managed to hold off the menacing Nigel Mansell in his Williams-Honda for the victory by just .014 of a second. He would not last there for long however as the Championship would ultimately become a straight fight between Alain Prost's McLaren-TAG-Porsche and the Williams-Honda duo of Piquet and Mansell; key retirements due to mechanical failures once again befell his chase for the title. Despite this though, Senna still went on a strong charge, taking his second victory of the year at the United States GP at Detroit, and finishing the season fourth (again) with 55 points, 8 pole positions and six podium finishes (four seconds and two thirds). It was at this stage in his career that Senna worked extensively with performance scientist and consultant Dr. Jacques Dallare on physical and mental testing and to improve conditioning. Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
The Brazilian Grand Prix (Portuguese: Grande Prêmio do Brasil) is a Formula One championship race which occurs at the Autódromo José Carlos Pace in Interlagos, Brazil. ...
Jacarepagua (also known as Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet {do Rio de Janeiro}) is a race course in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil which hosted the Brazilian Grand Prix 10 times. ...
Location of Rio de Janeiro Coordinates: Country Brazil Region Southeast State Rio de Janeiro Mayor Cesar Maia (PFL) Area - City 1,260 km² Population - City (2005) 5,613,000 [1] - Density 4. ...
The Spanish Grand Prix (Gran Premio de España) is a Formula One race currently held at the Circuit de Catalunya in Barcelona, Spain as part of the annual Formula One championship season. ...
Location of Jerez de la Frontera Municipality Cádiz Mayor Pilar Sánchez Muñoz Area - City 1,186 km² - Land 1,186 km² - Water 0. ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
TAG may stand for: Tag, German for day Techniques dAvant Garde, an investment company that sponsored WilliamsF1 in the early 1980s and funded the construction of turbocharged Porsche engines to Team McLaren in the mid 1980s. ...
Dr. Ing. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
The United States Grand Prix is a motor racing event which has taken place at various times since 1959 in several locations, at first as a part of the American Grand Prize series and later as a race in the Formula One World Championship. ...
Motto: Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus (We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes - this motto was adopted after the disastrous 1805 fire that devastated the city) Nickname: The Motor City and Motown Location in Wayne County, Michigan Founded Incorporated July 24, 1701 1815 County Wayne County Mayor...
Dr. Jacques Dallaire Dr. Jacques Dallaire (born September 2, 1953), is a performance scientist and consultant in professional sport and business. ...
1987 came with as much promise for better things as it had before. Lotus now had the powerful Honda engines after Renault decided to step out of the sport. After a slow start, Senna won two races in a row: The prestigious Monaco GP (the first of a record breaking six victories at the Principality) and the United States GP at Detroit for the second year in a row, once again taking the World Championship lead. This time, the Lotus-Honda seemed to be more or less on par with the all-conquering Williams-Honda cars once again driven by fellow countryman Nelson Piquet and Nigel Mansell. But Piquet had an amazing run of consistency throughout the year that Senna was not able to match, and after a spin due to a faulty clutch in the third to last round in Mexico, he was out of the championship hunt, leaving Piquet and teammate Mansell to fight it out for the last two races. Alas, Mansell badly bruised his back in an accident while practicing for the Japanese Grand Prix at Suzuka, which effectively handed the World Championship to Piquet since he would be out of the season-ending race at Australia in Adelaide as well. However, this meant that Senna still had a fighting chance to snatch the runner-up position in the standings if he managed to finish at least third in both remaining races, and he did more than that by finishing second in both Japan and Australia. Unfortunately at Australia, scrutineering found the brake ducts of his Lotus-Honda to be wider than they should legally have been and he was disqualified, bringing his last and ultimately best season with Lotus to a sour end. After the disqualification, he ended third in the Final Standings, with 57 points, 1 pole position, and 6 podium finishes (four seconds, not counting the one in which he was disqualified, and two thirds). However, this season would mark the turning point of his career as throughout the year, Senna began to build a deep relationship with Honda, a relationship which would pay off in big dividends once his contract with Lotus expired at the end of the season and once the McLaren team soon started calling. Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
Renault F1 is a Formula One racing team that has competed both as an engine supplier and as a constructor from the late 1970s to the present day, with several breaks. ...
The Monaco Grand Prix is a Formula One race held annually, and since 1929, in the Principality of Monaco considered to be one of the most important and prestigious races around the world alongside the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
The United States Grand Prix is a motor racing event which has taken place at various times since 1959 in several locations, at first as a part of the American Grand Prize series and later as a race in the Formula One World Championship. ...
Motto: Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cineribus (We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes - this motto was adopted after the disastrous 1805 fire that devastated the city) Nickname: The Motor City and Motown Location in Wayne County, Michigan Founded Incorporated July 24, 1701 1815 County Wayne County Mayor...
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
Nigel Mansell driving in the American CART racing series in 1993 Nigel Ernest James Mansell (born August 8, 1953) is an English former racing driver who won world championships in both Formula One (1992) and CART (1993). ...
Since its first inclusion in the Formula One Championship, the Japanese Grand Prix has become synonymous with excitement and controversy. ...
Suzuka Circuit is the host of the Formula One Fuji Television Japanese Grand Prix and one of the oldest and most-famous motorsport race tracks in Japan. ...
Nelson Piquet Souto Maior (born August 17, 1952), more commonly known as Nelson Piquet, is a Brazilian racing driver who was Formula One world champion in 1981, 1983, and 1987. ...
Adelaide is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of South Australia, and is the fifth largest city in Australia, with a population of over 1. ...
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
[edit] McLaren career In 1988, thanks to the relationship he had built up with Honda throughout the 1987 season with Lotus, and with the approval of McLaren's #1 driver, Alain Prost, Senna joined the McLaren team with then-two-time World Champion Alain Prost as his team mate. The foundation for a fierce competition between Senna and Prost was laid, culminating in a number of dramatic race incidents between the two. The pair won 15 of 16 races in the dominant McLaren MP4/4 in 1988 (The Italian GP was won by Ferrari) with Senna coming out on top, although Prost actually scored more points in a year where the FIA limited the number of races you could score points to 11. 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
1987 (MCMLXXXVII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Lotus Cars is a British manufacturer of sports cars and racing cars based in Hethel, Norfolk, formed as Lotus Engineering Ltd. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
The McLaren MP4/4 was one of the most dominant F1 race cars in the history of F1, thought by many to be the most dominant. ...
The following year their rivalry intensified into battles on the track and a psychological war off it. This searing rivalry was typified by their mesmerising race-long battle for victory in the 1989 German Grand Prix, which Ayrton won. Prost took the championship after the infamous Suzuka chicane incident, where Senna attempted a difficult pass and collided with Prost as the two McLarens interlocked in a spectacular fashion, due to Prost turning in towards the out-of-road Senna. The move was a high risk one on Senna's part and he received much criticism for it afterwards, however it was arguably the only point on the race track in which Senna could pass Prost in the then closing laps. Prost was set to clinch the Driver's title for 1989 if Senna were to not win the race, which was the reasoning for Senna's actions. Results from the 1989 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 30, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 145. ...
Some may say that Prost had the racing line, while others may say that Prost should have let Senna through since Senna was on the inside. In fact, it is true that Prost appeared to actually turn slightly towards Senna prior to the cars locking together and going off the circuit, across the chicane, however Senna was never ahead of Prost to begin with, despite being on the inside. Senna managed to get back to the pits for a new nose cone, rejoined the race, retook the lead and won the race, only to be disqualified for illegally cutting the chicane. At the Suzuka circuit in 1990, the pole position was located on the right, 'dirty' side of the track. Senna maintained that, before qualifying fastest, he had sought and received assurances from officials that pole position would be on the left, clean side of the track, only to find this decision reversed after he had taken pole. At the start of the race Prost pulled ahead but when attempting to take the first right-handed corner he was hit by Senna. Telemetry showed Senna made no attempt to decelerate as the corner approached. Both drivers were removed from the race, meaning that Senna won the championship. Senna later admitted that it was payback for Prost taking them both out the year before in the 1989 Suzuka chicane incident. For critics, it was an act of breathtaking cynicism and one for which Senna received much criticism. He was accused by some of introducing a "video game" mentality of "win at all costs" into the sport, an accusation later repeated against his successor Michael Schumacher. On the track, Senna could be ruthless, showing at times extreme determination and precision. Michael Schumacher (pronounced / /, (nicknamed Schumi / Schu in German) born January 3, 1969, in Hürth Hermülheim, near Cologne[1][2]) is a German Formula One driver and seven-time Formula One world champion. ...
Senna's absolute determination to win manifested itself in dismay at McLaren's inability to challenge Williams in 1992. With Prost signed up by the Grove based squad for 1993 and possessing a veto over Senna joining him, Ayrton considered a sabbatical from F1. He tested for Marlboro Team Penske in Indycars, setting swift times and exciting the motoring press. Of course, this test was but a one-off, but the prospect of both Senna and Mansell racing Indycars in 1993 was a brilliant scenario. Marlboro Team Penske is a highly evocative, popular and hugely successful American motorsports team. ...
Questions about Senna's intentions for 1993 lingered as he did not have a contract with any team. McLaren covered their bases by signing Champ Car star Michael Andretti and the promising Mika Hakkinen. Champ Car, a shortened form of Championship Car, has been the name for a class of cars used in American Championship Car Racing for many decades. ...
Michael Andretti (born October 5, 1962 in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania) is a former professional racing driver who now runs a team in the Indy Racing League. ...
Mika Häkkinen at the 2000 United States Grand Prix Mika Pauli Häkkinen (b. ...
McLaren too had contractual issues to solve with Honda having ended their involvement as an engine supplier to F1 teams, McLaren boss Ron Dennis tried to secure a supply of the Renault engines that had powered the dominant Williams car in 1992. When this deal fell through, Dennis secured a supply of Ford engines - but these would be of a lower horspower than those used by the Benetton team; however, they were hopeful they would put in a superior performance to the Benetton team due to "loads of electronic trickery", including advanced traction and suspension control. These electronics were determined to be too effective and banned a year later. (http://www.mclaren.com/historyofmclaren/timeline_90s.php) For other uses, see Honda (disambiguation). ...
Ron Dennis Ron Dennis CBE (born June 1, 1947) in Woking, England, is the chairman, CEO and 30% owner of the McLaren Group. ...
Renault S.A. is a French vehicle manufacturer producing cars, vans, buses, tractors and trucks. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
Ford may mean a number of things: A ford is a river crossing. ...
Johnny Herbert driving for Benetton in 1995 Benetton Formula Ltd. ...
Johnny Herbert driving for Benetton in 1995 Benetton Formula Ltd. ...
Senna tested McLaren's 1993 car and whilst he concluded that the chassis was very good indeed, he knew that the engine would be down on power. Senna declined to sign a contract for the season but agreed to drive on a race-by-race basis for a million US dollars per race. Senna's start to the 1993 season was spectacular. After finishing a distant second in the opening race in South Africa he drove superbly to win in constantly changing conditions at home in Brazil and in the rain at Donington. The latter is regarded as one of Senna's greatest victories, though Senna himself downplayed it later. He started the race 4th and dropped to 5th on the rundown to the first corner, but was leading before the first lap was completed. Results from the 1993 Formula One European Grand Prix held at Donington Park on April 11, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 1m 18. ...
The unexpected success continued with a second place at Spain and a lucky win at Monaco. After Monaco, the 6th race of the season, Senna was leading the championship ahead of arch-rival Prost in the Williams-Renault, and Michael Schumacher. By this time Senna had signed with McLaren to complete the season and was agitating for Ford to supply McLaren with their best engines, saying that McLaren were more likely to give Ford success than the Benetton team were. For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
Michael Schumacher (pronounced / /, (nicknamed Schumi / Schu in German) born January 3, 1969, in Hürth Hermülheim, near Cologne[1][2]) is a German Formula One driver and seven-time Formula One world champion. ...
Even Senna could not sustain this challenge against unequal odds. As the season progressed Prost asserted the superiority of the Williams-Renault package and took the championship. Senna concluded the season with two fine wins in Japan and Australia. The latter race, in which Senna prevailed with no assistance from the weather, was a fitting end to Senna's tenure with the McLaren team. Next season he would drive for Williams. Senna would never win again, and it would be some years before McLaren would enjoy a Grand Prix victory. WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
[edit] Qualifying Senna was most renowned for his qualifying skill, a discipline he mastered like none before to produce a record 65 pole positions out of 161 races. This record stood for 12 years after his death, before it was surpassed by Michael Schumacher while qualifying for the 2006 San Marino Grand Prix, his 236th race. Michael Schumacher (pronounced / /, (nicknamed Schumi / Schu in German) born January 3, 1969, in Hürth Hermülheim, near Cologne[1][2]) is a German Formula One driver and seven-time Formula One world champion. ...
"Magic" Senna, as he was known to his fans, also won the Monaco GP six times, a record which stands today and a tribute to his skills which earned him the title "Master of Monaco". Ayrton described in detail an odd feeling that he got during his qualifying laps. His experience when qualifying for the 1988 Monaco GP for example he described as being in a tunnel or dream like state: - "...the last qualifying session. I was already on pole, then by half a second and then one second and I just kept going. Suddenly I was nearly two seconds faster than anybody else, including my team mate with the same car. And suddenly I realised that I was no longer driving the car consciously. I was driving it by a kind of instinct, only I was in a different dimension. It was like I was in a tunnel. Not only the tunnel under the hotel but the whole circuit was a tunnel. I was just going and going, more and more and more and more. I was way over the limit but still able to find even more.
- "Then suddenly something just kicked me. I kind of woke up and realised that I was in a different atmosphere than you normally are. My immediate reaction was to back off, slow down. I drove slowly back to the pits and I didn't want to go out any more that day. It frightened me because I was well beyond my conscious understanding. It happens rarely but I keep these experiences very much alive inside me because it is something that is important for self-preservation."
In that session, lap after lap he broke his own pole position time, until he felt ill at ease, backed off and returned to the pits. During the 2004 San Marino Grand Prix ten year anniversary remembrance of Ayrton Senna in a series of interviews, Gerhard Berger, Senna's team mate at McLaren from 1990-1992 and a very close friend, expressed a memory of what it was like qualifying with Senna: 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The San Marino Grand Prix is a Formula One championship race which has been run at the Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in the small town of Imola, near the Apennine mountains in Italy, since 1981. ...
Gerhard Berger, born August 27, 1959 in Wörgl is a popular Austrian Grand Prix racing driver. ...
This article is about the year. ...
1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...
- "I remember one weekend in Imola where I went out, I set the time. He went out, he was a bit quicker. I went out, I was quicker than him. He went out, he was quicker than me, and then it goes forwards, backwards -- ping pong -- until close to the end of the qualifying and it was the last set of tyres, and he was sitting in the racing car, me in my one, and he got out of the racing car, walked over to my one and said, 'Listen, it's gonna get very dangerous now,' and I say 'So what? Let's go!'"
This competition could perhaps be attributed to not only Senna's determination and desire to be first (including qualifying), but Senna and Berger's close friendship and horseplay, as the two were always playing practical jokes on each other in attempt to outdo each other. [edit] Wet weather driving In F1, wet weather racing is considered to be a great equaliser. Speeds must be reduced and car superiority in power or grip is greatly reduced. The rain demands great driver car control, ability and driving finesse. Senna had some of his best performances in such conditions. The 1984 season was Senna's first in F1. He came into a field of competitors from whose ranks 16 world championships would be reaped. Participating as a rookie in an uncompetitive car, the Toleman TG184, Senna had racked up three race retirements, a 6th and a 7th place from his first 5 races. He started the first wet race of the season, the Monaco Grand Prix (a notoriously difficult circuit for racing, as it is run on regular streets) in 13th place. The race was terminated after 31 laps due to monsoon conditions deemed undriveable. At the time the race was stopped, Senna was classified in 2nd place, and catching up to race leader Alain Prost, at 4 seconds per lap. Senna's performance in this race, on a track on which it is notoriously difficult to pass other competitors, should be contrasted with the events of recent races at Monaco in which passing has been the exception rather than the norm, especially in dry conditions. The Monaco Grand Prix is a Formula One race held annually, and since 1929, in the Principality of Monaco considered to be one of the most important and prestigious races around the world alongside the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
For other members of the family, see Nicolas Prost, Alains son. ...
In 1993, at the European GP at Donington Park, Senna drove for the McLaren team. The MP4/8, although one of the front running cars, was considered inferior to the leading Williams FW15C of Prost, and the Benetton B193 (which used a factory Ford engine) driven by Michael Schumacher and Riccardo Patrese. Some maintain that the Williams FW14B and FW15C were probably "the most technologically advanced cars that will ever race in Formula One".[1] 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...
The 1993 European Grand Prix took place at Donington Park, an English circuit which was used only once in the whole Formula 1 history, and presented the most spectacular proof of Sennas talent. ...
Map sources for Donington Park at grid reference SK420259 Donington Park. ...
Michael Schumacher (pronounced / /, (nicknamed Schumi / Schu in German) born January 3, 1969, in Hürth Hermülheim, near Cologne[1][2]) is a German Formula One driver and seven-time Formula One world champion. ...
Riccardo Patrese (born April 17, 1954) is an Italian former Formula One (F1) racing driver, from 1977 to 1993. ...
Nigel Mansell in the FW14B The Williams FW14 was an F1 car designed by Patrick Head and Adrian Newey for the 1991 and 1992 F1 seasons. ...
Senna started in fourth place on the grid. At the very start, Hill cut across Schumacher's line, causing Schumacher to cut further to the outside across Senna's own line. Wendlinger then passed both Schumacher and Senna on the inside, leaving Senna in fifth and Schumacher in fourth. Senna cut to the inside, having no room to move to the outside as Schumacher came across. Despite being in fifth place at that point, at the end of the first lap he would be first. Having overtaken Wendlinger, Hill and Prost. Examples of wet weather car control such as this gained Senna the title "The Rain Master" in numerous F1 publications in the early 90's. An account of the European Grand Prix, including a video of Senna's spectacular opening lap, can be found here. [edit] Character Starkly contrasting to Senna's intense and unyielding will to win on the track, his exploits off it were humane and compassionate. He was renowned for his close relationship with Gerhard Berger, and the two were always playing practical jokes on each other. Gerhard Berger, born August 27, 1959 in Wörgl is a popular Austrian Grand Prix racing driver. ...
In 1992 at Spa-Francorchamps in Belgium when during Friday free practice Érik Comas had crashed heavily on the back straight other drivers drove past the wreckage at high speed. Senna could be seen jumping out of his car and while endangering his own life, sprinting down the track to the wrecked car to reach inside and hit the electrics kill switch, to prevent a possible fire. This article recaps the 1992 Formula One season. ...
Erik Comas was a Formula One driver from France. ...
In 1993 again at Spa-Francorchamps when Alessandro Zanardi crashed his Lotus heavily at Eau Rouge corner, Senna could again be seen jumping out of his car to help the injured driver. This article recaps the 1993 Formula One season. ...
Alessandro Alex Zanardi, b. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
The Eau Rouge corner is a high-speed uphill left-right-left complex on the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps racetrack in Belgium, which is widely regarded as one of the greatest corners on any track in the world. ...
After Senna's death it was discovered that he had donated millions of dollars to children's charities, a fact that during his life, he had kept secret. A charitable organization (also known as a charity) is a trust, company or unincorporated association established for charitable purposes only. ...
[edit] The fatal accident at Imola in 1994 In 1994, Senna finally left the ailing McLaren team for the top team at the end of 1993 Williams-Renault. After the banning of active suspension Williams started the season trying to close the gap to Benetton. Senna failed to finish his first two races, despite taking two superb pole positions against the Benetton at both events. On May 1 1994, he took part in his third race for the team, the San Marino GP. Although he would not finish it, Senna started his last race from pole position. 1994 (MCMXCIV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by United Nations. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ...
That weekend, he was particularly upset by two events. On the Friday of the Grand Prix, during the morning session, Senna's protégé, the then newcomer Rubens Barrichello was involved in a serious accident that would prevent him from competing in the race. Senna visited Barrichello in the hospital (he jumped the wall at the back of the facility after being barred from visitation by the doctors) and was then convinced that safety standards had to be reviewed. On Saturday, the death of Austrian driver Roland Ratzenberger in practice forced the issue and even caused Senna to consider retiring. Ironically, he spent his final morning in meetings with fellow drivers, determined by Ratzenberger's accident to take on a new responsibility to re-create a Driver's Safety group to look at safety changes in Formula One. As the most senior driver, he was offered (and accepted) the role of leader in this effort. This page is a candidate to be copied to Wiktionary. ...
Barrichello in his Ferrari in 2003 Rubens Gonçalves Barrichello (born May 23, 1972) is a Brazilian Formula One race driver who currently drives for Honda Racing. ...
Roland Ratzenberger (July 4, 1960 â April 30, 1994) was an Austrian Formula One driver who died tragically during qualifying for the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix, the same race that took the life of three-time world champion Ayrton Senna, and seriously injured Rubens Barrichello (in practice). ...
A crash at the start of the race involving Pedro Lamy and J. J. Lehto (in which a stray wheel hit spectators in the grandstand) caused the caution flag to wave. On the second lap after the restart, Senna's car left the track at Tamburello corner without turning, and skimmed across the sand trap. Telemetry shows he left the track at 193 mph and although the sand trap managed to slow his car to 135 mph in less than two seconds, his car struck the unprotected concrete perimeter wall. After Senna's car had come to a halt false hopes were raised when his head was clearly seen to move slightly. Professor Sidney Watkins, a world-renowned neurosurgeon and Formula One Safety Delegate and Medical Delegate, head of the Formula One on-track medical team, who performed an on site tracheotomy on Ayrton Senna, reported: José Pedro Lamy Viçoso, better known as Pedro Lamy, pron. ...
Jyrki Järvilehto, (born January 31, 1966), usually known as JJ Lehto, was born in Espoo, Finland. ...
Sidney Watkins M.D. F.R.C.S. O.B.E. (b. ...
Neurosurgery is the surgical discipline focused on treating the central and peripheral nervous system. ...
Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Formula One - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Completed tracheostomy: 1 - Vocal cords 2 - Thyroid cartilage 3 - Cricoid cartilage 4 - Tracheal cartileges 5 - Balloon cuff A tracheotomy or tracheostomy is a surgical procedure performed on the neck to open a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (the windpipe). ...
- "He looked serene. I raised his eyelids and it was clear from his pupils that he had a massive brain injury. We lifted him from the cockpit and laid him on the ground. As we did, he sighed and, although I am totally agnostic, I felt his soul departed at that moment."
Senna was only 34 years old. The lack of information on the cause of death led to much speculation. What is known is that the front right tire with attached suspension piece became loose on impact, hit Senna on the head and pierced his visor, causing the fatal trauma. Images of Senna's battered helmet indicate that some sort of puncture had occurred at the top of the visor, just over his right eye. This led to the now most commonly accepted theory that one of the car's suspension bars had come loose and impacted with Senna's head. Agnosticism is the philosophical view that the (truth) values of certain claimsâparticularly theological claims regarding the existence of God, gods, or deitiesâare unknown, inherently unknowable, or incoherent, and therefore, (some agnostics may go as far to say) irrelevant to life. ...
The FIA and Italian authorities still maintain that Senna was not killed instantly, but rather died in hospital, to where he had been rushed by helicopter after an emergency tracheotomy and IV administration were performed. There is an ongoing debate as to why Senna was not declared dead at the track. Under Italian law when a person dies at a sporting event, that death must be investigated, causing the sporting event to be cancelled. The Director of the Oporto (Portugal) Legal Medicine Institute, Professor Pinto da Costa, has stated the following: The Fédération Internationale de lAutomobile, commonly referred to as the FIA, is a non-profit association established in 1904 to represent the interest of motoring organisations and motor car users. ...
Completed tracheostomy: 1 - Vocal cords 2 - Thyroid cartilage 3 - Cricoid cartilage 4 - Tracheal cartileges 5 - Balloon cuff A tracheotomy or tracheostomy is a surgical procedure performed on the neck to open a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (the windpipe). ...
A modern view of the ancient city of Porto, the city that gave the name to the country. ...
Jorge Nuno Pinto da Costa is the president of Portuguese club FC Porto. ...
- "From the ethical viewpoint, the procedure used for Ayrton's body was wrong. It involved dysthanasia, which means that a person has been kept alive improperly after biological death has taken place due to brain injuries so serious that the patient would never have been able to remain alive without mechanical means of support. There would have been no prospect of normal life and relationships. Whether or not Ayrton was removed from the car while his heart was beating or whether his supply of blood had halted or was still flowing, is irrelevant to the determination of when he died.
- The autopsy showed that the crash caused multiple fractures at the base of the cranium, crushing the forehead and rupturing the temporal artery with haemorrhage in the respiratory passages. It is possible to resuscitate a dead person immediately after the heart stops through cardio-respiratory processes. The procedure is known as putting the patient on the machine. From the medical-legal viewpoint, in Ayrton's case, there is a subtle point: resuscitation measures were implemented.
- From the ethical point of view this might well be condemned because the measures were not intended to be of strictly medical benefit to the patient but rather because they suited the commercial interest of the organisation. Resuscitation did in fact take place, with the tracheotomy performed, while the activity of the heart was restored with the assistance of cardio-respiratory devices. The attitude in question was certainly controversial. Any physician would know there was no possibility whatsoever of successfully restoring life in the condition in which Senna had been found." [2]
Professor Jose Pratas Vital, Director of the Egas Moniz hospital in Lisbon, a neurosurgeon and Head of the Medical Staff at the Portuguese GP, offers a different opinion: Dysthanasia (Greek, bad death) is the practice of delaying the death of any injured person or animal, even beyond any hope of recovery. ...
An autopsy, also known as a post-mortem examination or an obduction, is a medical procedure that consists of a thorough examination of a corpse to determine the cause and manner of a persons death and to evaluate any disease or injury that may be present. ...
Cranium can mean: The brain and surrounding skull, a part of the body. ...
Completed tracheostomy: 1 - Vocal cords 2 - Thyroid cartilage 3 - Cricoid cartilage 4 - Tracheal cartileges 5 - Balloon cuff A tracheotomy or tracheostomy is a surgical procedure performed on the neck to open a direct airway through an incision in the trachea (the windpipe). ...
- "The people who conducted the autopsy stated that, on the evidence of his injuries, Senna was dead. They could not say that. He had injuries which lead to his death, but at that point the heart may still have been functioning. Medical personnel attending an injured person, and who perceive that the heart is still beating, have only two courses of action: One is to ensure that the patient's respiratory passages remain free, which means that he can breathe. They had to carry out an emergency tracheotomy. With oxygen, and the heart beating, there is another concern, which is loss of blood. These are the steps to be followed in any case involving serious injury, whether on the street or on a racetrack. The rescue team can think of nothing else at that moment except to assist the patient, particularly by immobilising the cervical area. Then the injured person must be taken immediately to the intensive care unit of the nearest hospital". [3]
Rogério Morais Martins [Micropower] states that: - "According to the first clinical bulletin read by Dr. Maria Teresa Fiandri at 4.30 p.m. Ayrton Senna had brain damage with haemorrhaged shock and deep coma. However, the medical staff did not note any chest or abdomen wound. The haemorrhage was due to the rupture of the temporal artery. The neurosurgeon who examined Ayrton Senna at the hospital mentioned that the circumstances did not call for surgery because the wound was generalised in the cranium. At 6.05 p.m. Dr. Fiandri read another communiqué, her voice shaking, announcing that Senna was dead. At that stage he was still connected to the equipment that maintained his heartbeat.
- The release by the Italian authorities of the results of Ayrton Senna's autopsy, revealing that the driver had died instantaneously during the race at Imola, ignited still more controversy. Now there were questions about the reactions of the race director and the medical authorities. Although spokespersons for the hospital had stated that Senna was still breathing on arrival in Bologna, the autopsy on Ratzenberger [who died the day before] indicated that death had been instantaneous. Under Italian law, a death within the confines of the circuit would have required the cancellation of the entire race meeting.
- That in turn, would have prevented the death of Ayrton Senna.
- The relevant Italian legislation stipulates that when a death takes place during a sporting event, it should be immediately halted and the area sealed off for examination. In the case of Ratzenberger, this would have meant the cancellation of both Saturday's qualifying session and the San Marino Grand Prix on Sunday.
- Medical experts are unable to state whether or not Ayrton Senna died instantaneously. Nevertheless, they were well aware that his chances of survival were slight. Had he remained alive, the brain damage would have left him severely handicapped. Accidents such as this are almost always fatal, with survivors suffering irreversible brain damage. This is due to the effects on the brain of sudden deceleration, which causes structural damage to the brain tissues. Estimates of the forces involved in Ayrton's accident suggest a rate of deceleration equivalent to a 30 metre vertical drop, landing head-first. Evidence offered at the autopsy revealed that the impact of this 208 km/h crash caused multiple injuries at the base of the cranium, resulting in respiratory insufficiency.
- There was crushing of the brain (which was forced against the wall of the cranium causing oedema and haemorrhage, increasing intra-cranial pressure and causing brain death), together with the rupture of the temporal artery, haemorrhage in the respiratory passages and the consequent heart failure.
- There are two opposing theories on the issue of whether the drivers were still alive when they were put in the helicopters that carried them to hospital. Assuming both Ratzenberger and Senna had died instantaneously, the race organisers might have delayed any announcement in order to avoid being forced to cancel the meeting, thus protecting their financial interests.
- Had the meeting been cancelled, Sagis - the organisation which administers the Imola circuit - stood to lose an estimated US$6.5 million." [4] [5]
The FIA dismisses that conception as an unfounded conspiracy theory. Brain damage or brain injury is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells. ...
In medicine, a coma (from the Greek koma, meaning deep sleep) is a profound state of unconsciousness. ...
Hemorrhage (alternate spelling is Haemorrhage) is the medical term meaning bleeding. ...
Edema (BE: oedema, formerly known as dropsy) is swelling of any organ or tissue due to accumulation of excess fluid. ...
Brain death is defined as a complete and irreversible cessation of brain activity. ...
The Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Imola was immediately investigated by the FIA, and the track's signature Tamburello, a lightning rod of controversy because of the lack of run-off and two previous incidents – Piquet's 1987 crash in Friday practice caused by a tyre failure, which kept him out of the race, forced Goodyear to withdraw all tyres after the first practice, and replace tyres for Saturday's qualifying session. Two years later, Gerhard Berger's Ferrari was in flames after another tyre failure early in the race, surviving because of alert safety workers, and actually caused by a front wing failure. But Senna's death meant the end of the sweeper, and it was replaced by a chicane in 1995. The Autodromo Enzo e Dino Ferrari is a racing circuit near the wonderful Italian town of Imola, 40 Km east of Bologna and 80 Km east of the Ferrari factory in Maranello. ...
The Ford chicane on Le Mans A chicane is a sequence of tight serpentine curves (usually an S-shape curve) in a roadway, used in auto racing and on city streets to slow cars. ...
In 2000, he was posthumously inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame. This article is about the year 2000. ...
The International Motorsports Hall of Fame is a Hall of Fame dedicated to enshrining those who have contributed the most to auto racing either as a driver, owner, developer or engineer. ...
In 2004, a television documentary by National Geographic called Seconds from disaster: The death of Ayrton Senna was screened worldwide. The programme considered the available data from Senna's car to reconstruct the sequence of events that led to the fatal crash. The programme concluded that an unusually long safety car period had reduced the pressures in Senna's tyres, thereby lowering the car. As the car entered the Tamburello bend, it bottomed-out and the loss of the ground effect led to a sudden reduction in downforce, and hence grip. As Senna instinctively corrected the resultant slide, the downforce and grip suddenly returned, and Senna effectively drove off the circuit. The programme came to the conclusion that if Senna's reactions had actually been slower, he might have survived the crash. To many within the F1 world including drivers of that era who had raced at Imola, the conclusions drawn from low tyre pressure as a cause of the accident seem highly implausible. Telemetry recorded that Senna took the bend at 190 mph on lap 6 with cold tyres. The information released in the trial stated that Senna started the race with 86 litres of fuel and had planned a two stop race strategy, one less than Schumacher who started the race lighter on a 3 stop strategy. The theory that low tyre pressure caused the crash was defeated in court when Stefano Stefanini, head of Bologna's traffic accident unit, testified that Senna, with a heavier car than Michael Schumacher and Damon Hill, recorded a time of 1.24.887 on the sixth lap, Ayrton's only lap at race speed and the 3rd fastest lap of the race. Alboreto and other drivers of the era claimed that given Senna's lap time, his tyres would have been at race temperature by the 7th lap and could not have been a factor in the crash. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ...
In auto racing, a safety car (known in America as the pace car) is a car which limits the speed of competing cars on a racetrack in the case of a major accident or obstruction on the track. ...
Ground effect (or Wing In Ground effect) is a phenomenon of aerodynamics where the flow of air around part of an aircraft or a racing car is interrupted by the ground. ...
The term downforce describes the downward pressure created by the aerodynamic characteristics of a racing car that allow it to travel faster through a corner by holding the car to the track or road surface. ...
The ban on active suspension affected Williams more than any other team as it was the key development that had helped make the Williams car the class of the field from 1991-1993. 1994 started with the Williams drivers complaining of severe handling problems and a twitchy rear-end. The FW16 new rear end was introduced at Imola. It was ironic that at the beginning of 1994 Senna himself had told the press that he would be surprised if there would be no large accidents that year. He referred to the fact that after the wide "white label" 26" Goodyear slicks were banned for 1993 (replaced by "yellow label"), now the technology at the very core of the cars, the science around which they had been based for the last few years (active suspension, traction control and ABS) was also banned for 1994. He surmised that the cars would have trouble staying on the road, which is exactly what was observed at the beginning of 1994. J.J. Lehto damaged his vertebrae at Silverstone in January and Jean Alesi broke his neck in pre-season testing, prior to Ratzenberger's and Senna's fatal accidents at Imola. During qualifying for the next race at Monaco, Wendlinger suffered an accident which left him comatose for months; Ratzenberger's replacement, Andrea Montermini, broke his feet in the Simtek in Barcelona, and Pedro Lamy broke both knee-caps in testing at Silverstone in May. None of these accidents was deemed to be caused by driver error, although there is no evidence to suggest that the accidents were caused by the ban on driver aids. Jyrki Järvilehto, (born January 31, 1966) a. ...
Jean Alesi, (born Giovanni Alesi June 11, 1964) is a French racing driver of both French and Sicilian origins. ...
Andrea Montermini (born 30 May 1964) was a Formula One driver from Italy. ...
José Pedro Lamy Viçoso, better known as Pedro Lamy, pron. ...
There are other factors – Senna did not like the position of the steering column relative to his seating position and had repeatedly asked for it to be changed. At Imola Senna found himself in a car with his team's engineers struggling to cope and adapt to the ban of active suspension. Patrick Head and Adrian Newey agreed to Senna's request to shorten the FW16's wheelbase, but there was no time to manufacture a shortened steering shaft. The existing shaft was instead cut, shortened, and welded back together with reinforcing plates. Many surmise, based on comparing hours of onboard video footage from Brazil and Imola that the movement of the steering wheel during the race at Imola was completely abnormal. Senna on his final lap is seen turning the wheel left to full lock with no movement of the front wheels. Others have raised suspicion at what can clearly be seen on the onboard footage as Senna looking down onto his steering wheel seconds before entering Tamburello. Patrick Head is co-founder of the Williams team. ...
Adrian Newey (born December 26, 1958) is currently the chief technical officer of the Red Bull Racing Formula One team. ...
The irony of the on board video available from Senna's car is that the final seconds of footage are missing. The approximately 1.5 seconds of remaining video which would have provided a definite answer as to the cause of Senna's death were lost in an act of astounding coincidence when the TV race director decided to switch camera signals at the very instant the Williams started to leave the track. Perhaps unsurprisingly, numerous rumours abound that the remaining 1.5 seconds are not lost and reportedly show Senna's steering wheel clearly coming off in his hands as his car is leaving the track. Although allegations exist that this video has been seen by a number of people at the top level of motorsport, there is no evidence to support its existence. Senna's distinctive helmet Damon Hill, Senna's teammate at the time of his death, had this to say in an interview given on the subject 10 years later. - "After the warm-up we went to the drivers' briefing. Ayrton was upbeat and determined after his good performance, but he had concerns about the new safety car regulations. These fears were to be prophetic. It was a measure of the political climate of Formula One that Ayrton Senna felt it necessary to get other drivers to ask questions about the safety car so that he did not appear to be alone. The implication was that the bosses made the rules; if you had issues with that, they would make sure you knew who ran things. So we got on to the subject of the safety car (importantly distinct from the "pace car" used to spice up US racing).
- Ayrton became vociferous, claiming that it was ill-conceived and dangerous for one specific reason — the temperature of the tyres of a Formula One car is critical in several respects. One, they only stick when they are very hot; two, the pressure varies enormously with temperature and, consequently, the stability of the tyre construction.
- To sum up: if a Formula One car has to follow an ordinary road car it will not travel fast enough for the tyres to keep within their designed working temperature and pressure. I believe this was a contributing factor in Ayrton's accident, as the safety car was deployed directly after the start, exactly as he had feared.
- And so it was we left the briefing on Sunday having agreed to pay some kind of tribute to Roland on the grid. We went to the normal sponsor functions and then back to the motorhome. I never really talked or spent any time with Ayrton before the race. Everything was extremely businesslike, with an added severity because of the death of Roland." [6]
The Williams team was entangled for many years in a court case with the Italian prosecutors over manslaughter charges, but they were found not guilty and no action was taken against Williams. In 2004, the case was re-opened, but closed again in 2005 when there was no new evidence. His death was considered by many of his Brazilian fans to be a national tragedy, and three days of national mourning were declared. Senna is buried at the Cemitério do Morumbi in his hometown of São Paulo. Cemitério do Morumbi (Morumbi Cemetery) is a cemetery in Sao Paulo, Brazil. ...
Motto: Non ducor, duco (Latin: I am not led, I lead) Administrative division of the city Country Brazil Region Southeast State São Paulo Mayor Gilberto Kassab (PFL) Area - City 1,522. ...
[edit] Legacy Off the track, Senna was a deeply religious and compassionate man. After his death, his family created the Ayrton Senna Foundation, an organization with the aim of helping poor and needy young people in Brazil and around the world. As a result, Senna continues to impact the world today and has become a beacon of hope to millions of his countrymen and an example of professionalism and humanity to those who remember him. In 2004 (when, ten years after his death, the Brazilian media revisited the entire life of Senna), a book called "Ayrton: The Hero Revealed" (original title: "Ayrton: O Herói Revelado") was published in Brazil. The book recalls several passages of Senna's career, and adds previously unknown information about his personal life. In addition, to mark the 10th anniversary of Senna's passing, on April 21, 2004, over 10,000 people attended a charity match in a football stadium near Imola. The game was organized by several devoted Italian and Canadian fans of Ayrton, bringing together the 1994 World Cup winning team of Brazil to face the "Nazionale Piloti", an exhibition team comprised exclusively of top race car drivers (of which Senna was a part in 1985). Michael Schumacher, Jarno Trulli, Rubens Barrichello, Fernando Alonso and many others faced the likes of Dunga, Careca, Taffarel and many of the team that won the World Cup in the USA ten years earlier.-1...
Michael Schumacher (pronounced / /, (nicknamed Schumi / Schu in German) born January 3, 1969, in Hürth Hermülheim, near Cologne[1][2]) is a German Formula One driver and seven-time Formula One world champion. ...
Jarno Trulli (born 13 July 1974) is an Italian Formula One auto racing driver currently in the employ of the Toyota team. ...
Barrichello in his Ferrari in 2003 Rubens Gonçalves Barrichello (born May 23, 1972) is a Brazilian Formula One race driver who currently drives for Honda Racing. ...
Fernando Alonso DÃaz (born on July 29, 1981 in Oviedo, Asturias, Spain) is a Formula One racing driver, currently living in Oxford, England. ...
Dunga, real name Carlos Caetano Bledorn Verri, (born October 31, 1963 in IjuÃ, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil) is a former football defensive midfielder, a World Champion for Brazil in the 1994 World Cup. ...
Antonio de Oliveira Filho Careca, (born October 5, 1960), is a legendary Brazillian association football (soccer) player. ...
Claudio André Mergen Taffarel (born May 8, 1966 in Santa Rosa, Brazil) is a former football (soccer) goalkeeper, who backstopped Brazil to victory at the 1994 World Cup. ...
That same weekend, Bernie Ecclestone revealed that he still believed Ayrton Senna was and remained the best F1 driver he'd ever seen. In 2005, Italian singer Cesare Cremonini released a song entitled, "Marmellata #25", and in the chorus he has part of a line that reads in Italian "ahh! da quando senna non corre più... ...non è più domenica! ", which translates to: "Oh! When Senna doesn't race anymore...it's not Sunday anymore!" Perhaps the unique duality of his character was most evident at the moment of his death. As track officials examined the wreckage of his racing car they found a furled, bloodsoaked Austrian flag. A victory flag that he was going to raise in honour of Austrian Roland Ratzenberger, who had died on that track the day before. Civil Flag Ratio: 2:3 State Flag Ratio: 2:3 The flag of Austria has three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red. ...
Roland Ratzenberger (July 4, 1960 â April 30, 1994) was an Austrian Formula One driver who died tragically during qualifying for the 1994 San Marino Grand Prix, the same race that took the life of three-time world champion Ayrton Senna, and seriously injured Rubens Barrichello (in practice). ...
At his memorial service an estimated one million people lined the streets to give him their salute. [edit] Trivia [edit] Banco Nacional was a bank from Brazil. ...
Teddy Yip, a Dutch national, was a Formula 1 team owner in the 1970s. ...
Introduction Originally conceived in 1954 as an amateur event for local motoring enthusiasts, the Macau Grand Prix is today a race meeting to which the worlds leading riders and drivers vie for entries. ...
Notable quotes - "On a given day, a given circumstance, you think you have a limit. And you then go for this limit and you touch this limit, and you think, 'Okay, this is the limit'. And so you touch this limit, something happens and you suddenly can go a little bit further. With your mind power, your determination, your instinct, and the experience as well, you can fly very high."
- "One particular thing that Formula-1 can provide you, is that you know you're always exposed to danger. Danger of getting hurt, danger of dying. This is part of your life, and you either face it in a professional, in a cool manner, or you just drop it, just leave it and don't do it anymore really. And I happen to like too much what I do to just drop it, I can't drop it."
- "Being second is to be the first of the ones who lose."
- "Racing, competing, it's in my blood. It's part of me, it's part of my life; I have been doing it all my life and it stands out above everything else."
- "There are no small accidents on this circuit." - talking about the Imola circuit before the fatal 1994 race.
- "It's going to be a season with lots of accidents, and I'll risk saying that we'll be lucky if something really serious doesn't happen." - pre-season 1994.
- "I continuously go further and further learning about my own limitations, my body limitation, psychological limitations. It's a way of life for me."
- "Of course there are moments that you wonder how long you should be doing it because there are other aspects which are not nice, of this lifestyle. But I just love winning."
- "My car quit so I parked it." (after retiring from the 1988 Monaco Grand Prix)
[edit] Complete F1 Results (key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) [edit] This article recaps the 1984 Formula One season. ...
Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on March 25, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 136. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on April 7, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Patrick Tambay 18. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Zolder on April 29, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Rene Arnoux 119. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 6, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 133. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Dijon on May 20, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 15. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on June 3, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 154. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 17, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 128. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One United States Grand Prix East held at Detroit on June 24, 1984. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Brands Hatch on July 22, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Niki Lauda 113. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on August 5, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 153. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Austrian Grand Prix held at Österreichring on August 19, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Niki Lauda 126. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Dutch Grand Prix held at Netherlands on August 26, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Rene Arnoux 119. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 9, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Niki Lauda 131. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One European Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on October 7, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michele Alboreto 123. ...
Results from the 1984 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on October 21, 1984 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Niki Lauda 122. ...
Toleman was a Formula One constructor from Britain. ...
This article recaps the 1985 Formula One season. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on April 7, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 136. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on April 21, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 144. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 5, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michele Alboreto 130. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 19, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michele Alboreto 122. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 16, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 127. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 7, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Keke Rosberg 139. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 21, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 19. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Nürburgring on August 4, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Niki Lauda 122. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Austrian Grand Prix held at Osterreichring on August 18, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 129. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Dutch Grand Prix held at Netherlands on August 25, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 116. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 8, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 128. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on September 15, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 155. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One European Grand Prix held at Brands Hatch on October 6, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jacques Laffite 111. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on October 19, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Keke Rosberg 102. ...
Results from the 1985 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 3, 1985 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Keke Rosberg 123. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
This article recaps the Formula One season of 1986. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on March 23, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 133. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Jerez on April 13, 1986. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on April 27, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 128. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 11, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 126. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on May 25, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 159. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 15, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 125. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 6, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 19. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Brands Hatch on July 13, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 19. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 27, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 146. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 10, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 131. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Austrian Grand Prix held at Osterreichring on August 17, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 129. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 7, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Teo Fabi 128. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 21, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 120. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on October 12, 1986. ...
Results from the 1986 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on October 26, 1986 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 120. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
This article recaps the Formula One season of 1987. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on April 12, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 133. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 3, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Teo Fabi 129. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on May 17, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 157. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 31, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 127. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 5, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 19. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 12, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 19. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 26, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 145. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 9, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nelson Piquet 130. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Austrian Grand Prix held at Osterreichring on August 16, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 128. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 6, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 126. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 20, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 119. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Jerez on September 27, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 126. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on October 18, 1987. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on November 1, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 143. ...
Results from the 1987 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 15, 1987 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 120. ...
Team Lotus was one of Formula 1s most successful teams. ...
This article recaps the Formula One season of 1988. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on April 3, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 132. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 1, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1293685 Categories: 1988 in sports | Formula One race reports ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 15, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 126. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on May 29, 1988. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 12, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 124. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 3, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 111. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 10, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 123. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 24, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alessandro Nannini 23. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 7, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 130. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 28, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 20. ...
The 1988 Italian Grand Prix was held on September 11, 1988 at Monza. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 25, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 121. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Jerez on October 2, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 127. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on October 30, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 146. ...
Results from the 1988 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 13, 1988 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 121. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Season Summary Season Review 1989 Constructors Championship final standings 1989 Drivers Championship final standings Categories: Formula One seasons | 1989 in sports ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Jacarepagua on March 26, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 132. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on April 23, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 126. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 7, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 125. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on May 28, 1989. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 18, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Jonathan Palmer 131. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 9, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Mauricio Gugelmin 112. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 16, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 112. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 30, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 145. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 13, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 122. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 27, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 211. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 10, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 128. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 24, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 118. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Jerez on October 1, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 125. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on October 22, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 143. ...
Results from the 1989 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 5, 1989 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Satoru Nakajima 138. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
This article recaps the 1990 Formula One season. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Interlagos on March 25, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 119. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 13, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alessandro Nannini 127. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 27, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 124. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 10, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 122. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on June 24, 1990. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Paul Ricard on July 8, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 18. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 15, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 111. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 29, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Thierry Boutsen 145. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 12, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 122. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 26, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 155. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 9, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 126. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 23, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 118. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Jerez on September 30, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 124. ...
The 1990 Japanese Grand Prix was a Formula One race held on 21 October 1990 at Suzuka. ...
Results from the 1990 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 4, 1990 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 118. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
The 1991 Formula One season was the 42th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Interlagos on March 24, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 120. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on April 28, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 126. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 12, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 124. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 2, 1991. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on June 16, 1991. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Magny-Cours on July 7, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 119. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 14, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 126. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 28, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 143. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 11, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Bertrand Gachot 121. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 25, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Roberto Moreno 155. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 8, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 126. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 22, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 118. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Catalunya on September 29, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 122. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on October 20, 1991 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 141. ...
Results from the 1991 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 3, 1991. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
This article recaps the 1992 Formula One season. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on March 1, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 117. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Mexican Grand Prix held at Mexico City on March 22, 1992. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Interlagos on April 5, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 119. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Catalunya on May 3, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 142. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 17, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 126. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 31, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 121. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 14, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Gerhard Berger 122. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Magny-Cours on July 5, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 117. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 12, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 122. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 26, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Riccardo Patrese 141. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 16, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 118. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 30, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 153. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 13, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 126. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 27, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 113. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on October 25, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Nigel Mansell 140. ...
Results from the 1992 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 8, 1992 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 116. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
This article recaps the 1993 Formula One season. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One South African Grand Prix held at Kyalami on March 14, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1m 19. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Interlagos on March 28, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 20. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One European Grand Prix held at Donington Park on April 11, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Ayrton Senna 1m 18. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on April 25, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1m 26. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Catalunya on May 9, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 20. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 23, 1993 Summary Ayrton Senna took a record sixth Monaco Grand Prix victory after driving a canny tactical race. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 13, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 21. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Magny-Cours on July 4, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 19. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 11, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 22. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 25, 1993 [edit] Classification [edit] Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 41. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 15, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1m 19. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 29, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1m 51. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 12, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 23. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 26, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 14. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on October 24, 1993 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Alain Prost 1m 41. ...
Results from the 1993 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 7, 1993. ...
McLaren, founded in 1963 by Bruce McLaren (1937â1970), is a racing team based in Woking, England, which is best known as a Formula One constructor but has also competed in the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, Canadian-American Challenge Cup, and 24 Hours of Le Mans. ...
The 1994 Formula One season was the 45th FIA Formula One World Championship season. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Brazilian Grand Prix held at Interlagos on March 27, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 18. ...
The 1994 Pacific Grand Prix was a Formula One race, held on April 17, at the Tanaka International Circuit in Aida, Japan. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One San Marino Grand Prix held at Imola on May 1, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 24. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Monaco Grand Prix held at Monaco on May 15, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 21. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Spanish Grand Prix held at Catalunya on May 29, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 25. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Canadian Grand Prix held at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve on June 12, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 28. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One French Grand Prix held at Magny-Cours on July 3, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 19. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One British Grand Prix held at Silverstone on July 10, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 27. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One German Grand Prix held at Hockenheimring on July 31, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: David Coulthard 1m 46. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Hungarian Grand Prix held at Hungaroring on August 14, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 20. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Belgian Grand Prix held at Spa-Francorchamps on August 28, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 57. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Italian Grand Prix held at Monza on September 11, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 25. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Portuguese Grand Prix held at Estoril on September 25, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: David Coulthard 1m 24. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One European Grand Prix held at Jerez on October 16, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 25. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Japanese Grand Prix held at Suzuka on November 6, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Damon Hill 1m 56. ...
Results from the 1994 Formula One Australian Grand Prix held at Adelaide on November 13, 1994 Classification Notes Fastest Lap: Michael Schumacher 1m 17. ...
WilliamsF1, formerly Williams Grand Prix Engineering, is a Formula 1 (F1) motor racing team formed and run by Sir Frank Williams and Patrick Head. ...
See also [edit] Bruno Senna Lalli (born October 15, 1983 in Sao Paulo) is a Brazilian racecar driver and the nephew of three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna. ...
External links Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Ayrton Senna Look up Ayrton Senna in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. [edit] Image File history File links Wikiquote-logo-en. ...
Wikiquote logo Wikiquote is a sister project of Wikipedia, using the same MediaWiki software. ...
Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ...
Wiktionary is a Wikimedia Foundation project intended to be a free wiki dictionary (hence: Wiktionary) (including thesaurus and lexicon) in every language. ...
Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
Wikimedia Commons logo by Reid Beels The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
Official site - (Portuguese) Official Ayrton Senna Website
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