This article or section is about a planned or proposed stadium. It may contain information of a speculative nature and the content may change dramatically as the construction and/or completion of the stadium approaches.

The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the Bird's Nest for its architecture is a stadium that is being built in Beijing, China for 2007 completion. It will host the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be the venue for the Opening and Closing ceremonies as well. In 2002, Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. Contemporary Chinese artist, Ai Weiwei, is the Artistic Consultant for design.^[1] The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators during the Olympics, but this will be reduced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium^{[citation needed]}. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (~423 million USD/ ~325 million EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004. Image File history File links Current_sport. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1000x750, 444 KB)work of a chinese gov. ... “Peking” redirects here. ... State power within the government of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) is divided among three bodies: the Communist Party of China, the state, and the Peoples Liberation Army, (PLA). ... One thousand million (1,000,000,000) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. ... ISO 4217 Code CNY User(s) Mainland of the Peoples Republic of China Inflation 1. ... Allianz Arena in Munich. ... Chinese Olympic Committee (Simplified Chinese: 中国奥林匹克委员会, Traditional Chinese: 中國奧林匹克委員會, IOC code: CHN) represents the Peoples Republic of China in international affairs related to the Olympic Movement. ... The 2008 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, were awarded to Beijing, China after an exhaustive ballot of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on July 13, 2001. ... This article is about building architecture. ... The new Wembley Stadium in London is the most expensive stadium ever built; it has a seating capacity of 90,000 This article is about the building type. ... “Peking” redirects here. ... The new Wembley Stadium in London is the most expensive stadium ever built; it has a seating capacity of 90,000 This article is about the building type. ... The 2008 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, were awarded to Beijing, China after an exhaustive ballot of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on July 13, 2001. ... The Pritzker Architecture Prize is awarded annually by the Hyatt Foundation to honor a living architect. ... Allianz Arena in Munich. ... Ai Weiwei (艾未未), born in 1957 in Beijing, is one of the leading artists as well as independent curators and architectural designers in China. ... Seating capacity refers to the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, either in terms of the space available, or in terms of limitations set by law. ... Guangdong Olympic Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Guangzhou, China and is one of the largest stadiums anywhere in the world. ... metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) The metre is the basic unit of length in the International System of Units. ... A square metre (US spelling: square meter) is by definition the area enclosed by a square with sides each 1 metre long. ... A tonne (also called metric ton) is a non-SI unit of mass, accepted for use with SI, defined as: 1 tonne = 103 kg (= 106 g). ... One thousand million (1,000,000,000) is the natural number following 999,999,999 and preceding 1,000,000,001. ... ISO 4217 Code CNY User(s) Mainland of the Peoples Republic of China Inflation 1. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... For other uses, see Euro (disambiguation). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst reducing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings continued once again in the beginning of 2005. Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

In depth

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The stadium's appearance is one of synergy, with no distinction made between the facade and the superstructure. The structural elements mutually support each other and converge into a grid-like formation—almost like a bird's nest with its interwoven twigs. The spatial effect of the stadium is novel and radical, yet simple and of an almost archaic immediacy, thus creating a unique historical landmark for the Olympics of 2008. Image File history File links Gnome_globe_current_event. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... A basket style nest A nest is place of refuge built to hold an animals eggs and/or provide a place to raise their offspring. ...

The stadium was conceived as a large collective vessel, which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression both from a distance and when seen from up close. It meets all the functional and technical requirements of an Olympic National Stadium, but without communicating the insistent sameness of technocratic architecture dominated by large spans and digital screens.

Visitors walk through this formation and enter the spacious ambulatory that runs full circle around the stands. From there, one can survey the circulation of the entire area including the stairs that access the three tiers of the stands. Functioning like an arcade or a concourse, the lobby is a covered urban space with restaurants and stores that invite visitors to stroll around. Just as birds stuff the spaces between the woven twigs of their nests with a soft filler, the spaces in the structure of the stadium will be filled with inflated ETFE cushions. Originally, on the roof, the cushions were to be mounted on the outside of the structure to make the roof completely weatherproof, but the roof has been omitted from the design in 2004. For other uses, see Arcade. ... ETFE (Ethylene TetrafluoroEthylene) - a fluorocarbon-based polymer (a fluoropolymer), a kind of plastic. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

While the rain was to be collected for rainwater recuperation, the sunlight was to filter through the translucent roof, providing the lawn with essential ultraviolet radiation. On the facade, the inflated cushions will be mounted on the inside of the structure where necessary, e.g. to provide wind protection. Since all of the facilities—restaurants, suites, shops and restrooms—are all self-contained units, it is possible to do largely without a solid, enclosed facade. This allows for natural ventilation of the stadium, which is the most important aspect of the stadium's sustainable design. Note: Ultraviolet is also the name of a 1998 UK television miniseries about vampires. ...

The sliding roof was an integral part of the stadium structure. When it was to be closed, it would have converted the stadium into a covered arena; however, the sliding roof was eliminated in an effort to cut costs and increase overall safety of the radical new structure.

The main contractor for this intriguing new design is Beijing Urban Construction Group Co Ltd., according to BCI Asia [1]. The main subcontractors working on the National Stadium include: Shenyang Yuanda Aluminium Industry Engineering Co Ltd as Curtain Wall Sub-Contractor; and, Changjiang Jinggong Steel Structure (Group) Co Ltd - Beijing Branch, Jiangsu Huning Steel Mechanism Co Ltd, China First Metallurgical Construction Co Ltd and Jiangnan Heavy Industry Holdings Co Ltd as the main steel subcontractors

References

1. ^ Merewether, Charles, Editor.~Essays by Jonathan Napack and Chin-Chin Yap. Ai Weiwei, Works: Beijing 1993-2003. Beijing: Timezone 8 Ltd., 2003.

External links

• Design competition finalists
• Design partner project site
• Beijing National Stadium Info & Gallery
• Arthur Lubow. "The China Syndrome", The New York Times Magazine, May 21, 2006.  Details the architect's experience working on the stadium.
• Details of current construction
• Construction update by BCI Asia
• Stadium in Construction on Google Maps

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