FACTOID # 173: More than half of all doctors in Finland are female.
 
 Home   Encyclopedia   Statistics   Countries A-Z   Flags   Maps   Education   Forum   FAQ   About 
 
WHAT'S NEW
RECENT ARTICLES
More Recent Articles »
 

SEARCH ALL

FACTS & STATISTICS    Advanced view

Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 

 

(* = Graphable)

 

 


Encyclopedia > Beverage can
The pull-tab opening mechanism characteristic of post-1970s drinking cans.
The pull-tab opening mechanism characteristic of post-1970s drinking cans.
A typical can of Diet Coke.
Many companies use inflatables that look like an aluminum can, such as this one by Sierra Mist.
Many companies use inflatables that look like an aluminum can, such as this one by Sierra Mist.

A beverage can is most often an aluminum can manufactured to hold a single serving of a beverage. Image File history File linksMetadata Drinking_can_ring-pull_tab. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Drinking_can_ring-pull_tab. ... Can of Diet Coke - This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Can of Diet Coke - This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. ... Diet Coke (sometimes known as Diet Coca-Cola) or Coca-Cola Light (sometimes known as Coke Light) is a sugar-free soft drink produced and distributed by The Coca-Cola Company. ... Image File history File links Sierra-Mist-Can. ... Image File history File links Sierra-Mist-Can. ... This does not cite its references or sources. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ... Look up Can in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The word drink is primarily a verb, meaning to ingest liquids, see Drinking. ...

Contents

Overview

The metal beverage can was made out of steel (similar to a tin can) and had no pull tab. Instead, it was opened by a can opener (or bottle opener). The opener resembled a bottle opener but had a sharp point. The can was opened by punching two holes in the lid, a large one for drinking through, and a small one that allowed air in to replace the displaced fluid. Further advancements saw the end pieces of the can made out of aluminium instead of steel. For other uses, see Steel (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...


Shasta claims to be the first soda company to can their beverages. Shasta is a brand of U.S. soft drink that reached the peak of its popularity in the 1980s. ...


The first kind of all aluminum can was the same as its forebears, which all still used the can opener to open them. In 1962 Ermal Cleon Fraze (from Dayton, Ohio) invented the familiar integral rivet and pull-tab version (also known as rimple or ring pull), which had a ring attached at the rivet for pulling, and which would come off completely to be tossed aside. He received U.S. patent No. 3,349,949 for his pull-top can design in 1963 and sold his invention to Alcoa and Pittsburgh Brewing Company. It was first introduced on Iron City beer cans by the Pittsburgh Brewing Company. The first soft drinks to be sold in all-aluminium cans were R.C. Cola and Diet-Rite Cola (both made by the Royal Crown Cola company), in 1964. Year 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the company. ... The Pittsburgh Brewing Company is a beer company located in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. // History In 1861, a young German immigrant, Edward Frauenheim, started the Iron City Brewery, one of the first American breweries to produce a lager, in the bustling river port known at the time... The Pittsburgh Brewing Company is a beer company located in the Lawrenceville neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. // History In 1861, a young German immigrant, Edward Frauenheim, started the Iron City Brewery, one of the first American breweries to produce a lager, in the bustling river port known at the time... R.C. Cola (or Royal Crown Cola) is a cola soft drink developed in 1905 by Columbus, Georgia pharmacist Claude A. Hatcher. ... Diet Rite is the brand name of a line of diet sodas distributed by the R.C. Cola company (now part of Dr. Pepper & Seven-Up, Inc. ... Also Nintendo emulator: 1964 (emulator). ...


These pull tabs were a common form of litter. Others dropped the tab into the can and occasionally swallowed the sharp-edged aluminium tab by accident. Stay tabs (also called colon tabs) were invented by Daniel F. Cudzik of Reynolds Metals in Richmond, Virginia in 1975 [1] [2], partly to prevent the injuries caused by removable tabs. In this can model described in U.S. Patent No. 3,976,752,[3] the lid contains a scored region and a pull tab that can be leveraged to open the hole (by pushing the scored region into the can). Stay tabs almost completely replaced pull tabs by the early 1980s. Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...


One unsuccessful variation was the press button can which featured two pre-cut holes (one large, one small) in the top of the can, sealed with a plastic membrane. These buttons were held closed by the outward pressure of the carbonated beverage. To open the can, the consumer would press both buttons into the body of the can, thus opening one through which to drink the beverage, the other to provide sufficient air to allow the contents to flow more easily. The buttons would remain attached to the can, alleviating the earlier issues with pull tab ingestion. A major disadvantage of this method was that a consumer could open a press button can and either remove, replace or taint its contents, before shaking the can enough to force the press buttons to re-seal the can, with little evidence of tampering. Another disadvantage was that it was too easy for consumers to either cut themselves on the sharp edge of either hole or get fingers stuck inside the can whilst pressing the buttons to open it. Carbonated bubbles in a soda float to the surface. ...


One prominent design feature of beverage cans is that most have a slightly tapered top and bottom. The metal on the lid of the can is significantly thicker than the metal on the sides. This means that a great deal of raw materials can be saved by decreasing the diameter of the lid, without significantly decreasing the structural integrity or capacity of the can. This results in a savings of about 15% versus a non-tapered can.


In the late 1980s, Coca-Cola briefly experimented with a recyclable plastic can. These cans now fetch up to $20 at auction.[citation needed] The wave shape (known as the dynamic ribbon device) present on all Coca-Cola cans throughout the world derives from the contour of the original Coca-Cola bottles. ...


The most recent advance in can design has been the 'wide mouth' can -- the opening was enlarged in the late 1990s.


Current characteristics

A can of San Pellegrino Aranciata, with a separate foil lid.
A can of San Pellegrino Aranciata, with a separate foil lid.
Lübzer Pils beer from Germany in the larger European standard can size. (500 ml)

In North America, the standard can size is 12 fluid ounces (355 ml). In India and most of Europe, standard cans are 330 ml, which is approximately 1/3 of a litre. In some European countries there is a second standard can size, which is 500 ml. These larger cans are very often used for beer. In Australia, the standard can size is 375 ml and in South Africa standard cans are 340 ml. Image File history File links An aluminum can for the Aranciata orange-flavored beverage manufactured by San Pellegrino. ... Image File history File links An aluminum can for the Aranciata orange-flavored beverage manufactured by San Pellegrino. ... Country Italy Source San Pellegrino Terme Type Sparkling pH 7. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... For other uses, see Europe (disambiguation). ...


Essentially all beverage containers in the United States are manufactured from aluminum, whereas beverage cans made in Europe and Asia are approximately 55 percent steel, and 45 percent aluminum alloy.


A single empty aluminium can weighs approximately 15 grams, or 0.5 ounce. There are roughly 30 empty aluminium cans to an avoirdupois pound.


One problem with the current design is that the top edge of the can may collect dust or dirt in transit, if the can is not packaged in a completely sealed box. As illustrated here, some beverage makers have experimented with putting a separate foil lid on can tops as one solution. To help solve this problem, many marketers are shipping cans in cardboard 12 or 24 pack cases.


Typical uses of aluminum cans:

  • In Russian local markets, strong alcohols such as Vodka are available in aluminum cans.
  • In Japan, canned fresh air is available. This is most popular in the heavily polluted Tokyo area.
  • In Denmark, aluminum cans were banned between 1982 and 2002.

In many parts of the world a deposit can be recovered by turning in empty plastic, glass, and aluminum containers. Unlike glass and plastic, aluminum cans are often purchased in bulk by scrap metal dealers, even when deposits are not offered. Aluminium is one of the most cost effective materials to recycle. When recycled without other metals being mixed in, the can/lid combination is perfect for producing new stock for the main part of the can - the loss of magnesium during melting is made up for by the high magnesium content of the lid. Their metal construction also conducts heat more readily than glass or plastic, and drinks in aluminum cans can be chilled more quickly than those in other containers. Deposit notice on a bottle sold in contiguous U.S. Container deposit legislation are laws passed by city, state, provincial, or national governments that require that a deposit on carbonated, water or alcoholic beverage containers be collected when the beverage is sold. ...


Many consumers find the taste of a beverage from a can to be different from fountain drinks and beverages from plastic or glass bottles. In addition, some people believe that aluminum leaching into the fluid contained inside can be dangerous to the drinker's health.[1] The exact role (if any) of aluminum in Alzheimer's disease is still being researched and debated [4][5]. Aluminium cans contain an internal coating to protect the aluminum from the contents. If the internal coating fails, the contents will create a hole and the can will leak in a matter of days. There is some difference in taste, especially noticeable in beer, presumably only due to traces of the processing oils used in making the can. Oils used in can manufacturing are FDA approved and must be constantly monitored. A fountain drink is a soft drink, prepared locally from a supply of flavored sweetened syrup, carbon dioxide, and water, either manually (as American pharmacists of yore did), in a device called a soda fountain, or in a vending machine which is essentially an automated soda fountain that is operated...


Fabrication process

Modern cans are generally produced through a mechanical cold forming process that starts with punching a flat blank from very stiff cold-rolled sheet. This sheet is typically alloy 3104-H19, which is aluminum with about 1% manganese and 1% magnesium to give it strength and formability. The flat blank is first formed into a cup about three inches in diameter. This cup is then pushed through a different forming process called "ironing" which forms the can. The bottom of the can is also shaped at this time. The malleable metal deforms into the shape of an open-top can. With the sophisticated technology of the dies and the forming machines, the side of the can is significantly thinner than either the top and bottom areas, where stiffness is required. One can-making machine can turn out about 500 cans per minute. Swaging is a metal forming technique in which the metal is plastically deformed to its final shape. ...


Plain lids are stamped out from a coil of aluminum and are transferred to another press that converts them to easy-open ends. The conversion press forms an integral rivet button in the lid and scores the opening, while concurrently forming the tabs in another die from a separate strip of aluminum. The tab is pushed over the button which is then flattened to form the rivet that attaches the tab to the lid.


Finally, the top rim of the can is trimmed and pressed inward or "necked" to form a taper conical where the can will later be filled and the lid (usually made of an aluminum alloy with magnesium) attached.


Older can designs

There were also cans in the USA called conetops and crowntainers that were shaped like a 1970s American-style brake fluid can. There were three types of conetops: high profile, low profile, and j-spout. The low profile and j-spout were the earliest, dating from about 1935, the same as the flat top cans that had to be opened with an opener. The crowntainer was a different breed of can that was drawn steel with a bottom cap and the favorite of some collectors. Crowntainers and conetops were made by various breweries until the late 1950s but not every brewery made every variety mentioned above. Crowntainers were developed by Crown Cork & Seal, now known as Crown Holdings, Inc., a leading beverage packaging and beverage can. Brake fluid is a type of hydraulic fluid used in brake applications in automobiles and light trucks. ... 1935 (MCMXXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar). ...


See also

Beverage-can stove (pot stand omitted for clarity). ... A self-heating can is an extension of the common food can. ... East Taunton Beer Can Museum The Beer Can Museum, located in East Taunton, Massachusetts, is a collection of more than 3,000 different beer cans, along with beer can art and crafts, beer can clothing, beer can telephones and radios, and a beer can and breweriana related library. ...

References

  1. ^ "Speech to the University of Illinois Senior 100 on April 25, 1999". Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
  2. ^ "The Stay-On-Tab Designed by Dan Cudzik on a Reynolds Metals Co. Aluminum Can.". Retrieved on 2007-07-22.
  3. ^ U.S. Patent No. 3,976,752. (July 6, 1976) Easy-Open Wall.
  4. ^ Ask The Experts: Medicine - Is there any proof that Alzheimer's disease is related to exposure to aluminum--for instance, by using aluminum frying pans?. Scientific American, Inc. (1997-07-14). Retrieved on 2006-10-05.
  5. ^ ToxFAQs™ for Aluminium. U.S. Center for Disease Control, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Information Center (June 1999). Retrieved on 2006-10-05.
  • Brody, A. L., and Marsh, K, S., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 1997, ISBN 0-471-06397-5
  • Soroka, W, "Fundamentals of Packaging Technology", IoPP, 2002, ISBN 1-930268-25-4

Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era. ... is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 278th day of the year (279th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 278th day of the year (279th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

External links

Can Collectors


  Results from FactBites:
 
Beverage Marketing Corporation - Consulting, Financial Services and Data for the Global Beverage Industry (132 words)
beverage industry inside and out, top to bottom.
As the leading provider of beverage-related consulting, data, and financial services, we meet the varied needs of companies and suppliers around the globe.
New Report: 2007 New Age Beverages in the U.S. New Report: 2007 Beer in the U.S. New Report: 2007 Energy Drinks in the U.S. View All
  More results at FactBites »


 

COMMENTARY     


Share your thoughts, questions and commentary here
Your name
Your comments
Please enter the 5-letter protection code

Want to know more?
Search encyclopedia, statistics and forums:

 


Lesson Plans | Student Area | Student FAQ | Reviews | Press Releases |  Feeds | Contact
The Wikipedia article included on this page is licensed under the GFDL.
Images may be subject to relevant owners' copyright.
All other elements are (c) copyright NationMaster.com 2003-5. All Rights Reserved.
Usage implies agreement with terms.