The Bishopric of Dorpat was a medieval principality 1234-1558 in what are now Tartu, Põlva, Võru and Jõgeva counties in Estonia. It was part of Livonian Confederation. The first bishop of Tartu was Hermann von Buxhoeveden, the brother of Albert, bishop of Riga and leader of the Livonian Crusade. The Estonian Diocese was established by the bishop of Riga in 1211 and its first nominal seat was Leal (Lihula) in Western Estonia. In 1224 Estonian bishop Hermann took possessions of Southern Estonia prince-bishop of the Holy Roman Empire and chose Dorpat as his new seat. The principality was founded mainly on territories of Ugaunian tribe of ancient Estonians. In 1242 Bishop Hermann with his Ugaunian subjects was defeated by Novgorod's prince Alexander Nevsky in famous Battle on Lake Peipus. The defeat did not prevent the bishop from founding a successful principality. The seat of Bishop developed into an important Hanseatic trade center. County Tartu County Mayor Laine Jänes Area 38. ... Events Canonization of Saint Dominic Collapse of the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234) Deaths Emperor Chukyo of Japan Emperor Go-Horikawa of Japan Monarchs/Presidents Aragon - James I King of Aragon and count of Barcelona (reigned from 1213 to 1276) Castile - Ferdinand III, the Saint King of Castile and Leon (reigned... Events January 7 - French troops led by Francis, Duke of Guise take Calais, the last continental possession of England July 13 - Battle of Gravelines: In France, Spanish forces led by Count Lamoral of Egmont defeat the French forces of Marshal Paul des Thermes at Gravelines. ... Capital Tartu Governor Esta Tamm Area 2,993 km² (6th) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 148,872 (3rd) 49. ... Põlvamaa is a county of Estonia. ... Capital Võru Governor Ãœlo Tulik Area 2,305 km² (12th) Population (as of 2004)  - Density 38,967 (7th) 16. ... Jõgeva County or Jõgevamaa (Estonian: Jõgeva maakond or Jõgevamaa) is one of the counties of Estonia. ... The Livonian Confederation was a loosely organized alliance in present-day Estonia and Latvia that existed from 1228 to 1560s. ... The career of Albert of Buxhoeveden (ca 1165 - Riga, January 17, 1229) and his brother Hermann exemplify the double nature of power, ecclesiastical and secular, especially on the marches of Europe, where Roman Catholicism was pushing aggressively to the East. ... Lääne County, or Lääne maakond, is a County or maakond of Estonia. ... Image of Tartu street Tartu (German, Polish Dorpat, Russian Юpьeв Yuryev) is the second largest city of Estonia, with its population of 101,246 (the Population Census data is from 2000) in an area of 38. ... The Ugaunians (ugalased in Estonian) is one of the Finnic tribes that were called Chudes in Russian and that later formed the Estonian nation. ... Medieval walls of Novgorod City The Novgorod Feudal Republic (Новгородская феодальная республика or Novgorodskaya feodalnaya respublika in Russian) was a powerful medieval state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th century. ... Statue in Pereslavl, just in front of the cathedral Alexander was baptised in. ... The Battle of the Ice also known as the Battle on Lake Peipus (Russian: Ледовое побоище, German: Schlacht auf dem Peipussee, Estonian: Jäälahing), took place in 1242. ... The foundations of the Hanseatic League (German: Hanse), an alliance of trading cities that for a time in the later Middle Ages and the Early Modern period maintained a trade monopoly over most of Northern Europe and the Baltic, can be seen as early as the 12th century, with the...

In the end of 14th century former Dietrich Damerow became the Bishop of Dorpat. He was the archenemy of the Livonian Order and made a coalition against it with Lithuania,Mecklenburg and Victual Brothers (notorious pirates of the Baltic Sea). He even asked King Richard II of England to take Dorpat under his protection. The Order invaded the bishopric in 1379 with no success. After settling the conflict the Livonian Order lost its right to demand vassals of bishoprics take part in military campaigns. The Livonian Brothers of the Sword (Latin Fratres militiae Christi, literally the brothers of the army of Christ), also known as the Christ Knights, Sword Brethren or The Militia of Christ of Livonia, was a military order started in 1202 by Albert von Buxhövden, bishop of Riga (or Prince-Bishop... The coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western-Pommerania Mecklenburg is a geographical area located in Northern Germany. ... The Victual Brothers resp. ... Richard II (January 6, 1367 – February 14, 1400) was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan The Fair Maid of Kent. He was born at Bordeaux and became his fathers heir when his elder brother died in infancy. ...

During its last years, the Bishopric of Dorpat had a dispute with Russia which became later the main pretext of the Livonian War. Tsar Ivan the Terrible demanded that the bishopric pay huge tribute of 40,000 talers. The Reformation reached Livonia in the 1520s. ... Ivan IV (August 25, 1530–March 18, 1584) was the first ruler of Russia to assume the title of tsar. ...

Ivan insisted that the Dorpat was the ancient Russian fortress of Yuryev (referring to short time Ruthenian rule of the area after conquest by prince Yaroslav I the Wise, 1030-1061(?). The rulers of Dorpat tried to negotiate smaller amount in extrance of extending the truce, but Ivan dismissed the diplomats and started the war. 1558 Tartu was conquered by Russian troops. The Bishopric of Dorpat ceased to exist. Image based on Yaroslavs skull reconstructed by Mikhail Gerasimov. ...

The Bishops of Dorpat

• Hermann I von Buxhövden 1224-1248
• Alexander 1263-1268
• Friedrich von Haseldorf 1268-1288
• Bernhard I 1289-1302
• Dietrich II Vyshusen 1302-1312
• Nikolaus 1312-1323
• Engelbert von Dolen 1323-1341
• Johannes I Viffhusen 1346-1373
• Heinrich I von Velde 1373-1378
• Dietrich III Damerow 1378-1400
• Heinrich II Wrangel 1400-1410
• Bernhard II Bülow 1410-1413
• Dietrich IV Resler 1413-1441
• Bartholomäus Savijerwe 1441-1459
• Helmich von Mallinkrodt 1459-1468
• Andreas Pepler 1468-1473
• Johannes II Bertkow 1473-1485
• Dietrich V Hake 1485-1498
• Johannes III von der Rope 1499-1505
• Gerhard Schrove 1505-1513
• Johannes IV Duesborg 1513-1514
• Christian Bomhower 1514-1518
• Johannes V Blankenfeld 1518-1527
• Johannes VI Bey 1528-1543
• Jodokus von der Recke 1544-1551
• Hermann II Wesel 1552-1560

References