| | The neutrality of this article is disputed.
Please see the discussion on the talk page. | From 1830-1833, the Latter Day Saint movement had no policy whatever regarding race. When the Saints migrated to Missouri they were forced to deal with the pro-slavery sentiments of their neighbors. Initially, Joseph Smith, Jr. supported the laws regarding slaves and slaveholders as a matter of peace and order, but eventually, he rejected the institution and drew up plans for its abolishment. Always, he accepted African Americans as his brothers in the faith. Image File history File links Unbalanced_scales. ...
The Latter Day Saint movement is a religious movement which began in the early 19th century and is generally considered to be founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
Following the succession crisis, leaders of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints excluded blacks from priesthood ordination from 1844-1978 when President Spencer W. Kimball declared that he had received a revelation from God "extending priesthood and temple blessings to all worthy male members of the Church." (Official Declaration 2) The Succession Crisis in the Latter Day Saint movement occurred after the assassination of the movements founder, Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
The temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints located in Salt Lake City, Utah is the largest attraction in the citys Temple Square. ...
Spencer Woolley Kimball (March 28, 1895 – November 5, 1985) was the twelfth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (1973-1985). ...
Other Mormon denominations dealt with the issue differently. The Community of Christ and the Strangites long rejected any and all forms of racism while the Fundamentalists continue the exclusionist policy. Community of Christ Temple in Independence, Missouri, USA. Dedicated 1994 Community of Christ, a Christian denomination known for its dedication to the pursuit of peace, claims more than 250,000 members in 50 nations. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
The FLDS Temple near Eldorado, Texas The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS) is a separatist group of Mormon fundamentalists, and may be Americas largest polygamous group. ...
Blacks and early Mormonism (1820-1844)
The Book of Mormon (1820) The first reference in Latter Day Saint writings describing dark skin as a curse and mark from God refers to Ancient Americans, rather than African Americans. The Book of Mormon, dictated in the late 1820s, states the following about Lamanites, apparent ancestors of some tribes of Native Americans: A Latter Day Saint is a person who identifies with the Latter Day Saint movement, and believes Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
An Atsina named Assiniboin Boy Photo by Edward S. Curtis. ...
The Book of Mormon is one of the sacred texts of the Latter Day Saint movement, named after the prophet/historian Mormon, who according to the text compiled most of the book. ...
Events and Trends Nationalistic independence movements helped reshape the world during this decade: Greece declares independence from the Ottoman Empire (1821). ...
And [God] had caused the cursing to come upon them, yea, even a sore cursing, because of their iniquity. For behold, they had hardened their hearts against him, that they had become like unto a flint; wherefore, as they were white, and exceedingly fair and delightsome, that they might not be enticing unto my people, the Lord God did cause a skin of blackness to come upon them. And thus saith the Lord God; I will cause that they shall be loathsome unto thy people, save they shall repent of their iniquities." (2 Nephi 5:21, emphasis added) The dark skin, being heritable, was passed down through generations to a group of Lamanites known as Anti-Nephi-Lehies or Ammonites who became converted to the group of God, "they did open a correspondence with them, and the curse of God did no more follow them," (Alma 23:18) And later, when another group of Lamanites converted, "their curse was taken from them, and their skin became white like unto the Nephites... and they were numbered among the Nephites, and were called Nephites." (3 Nephi 2:15-16). [citation needed] The Ammonites were a group from the Book of Mormon also known as Anti-Nephi-Lehies. ...
Having separated themselves from the people of God, the Lamanites had regressed into a state of ignorance and iniquity and, by doing so, had cursed themselves and their posterity. The black skin represented their spiritual blindness and constituted the marke of the curse (see 2 Nephi 30:6). Possible intermarriage wilth local tribes would explain both the heritable nature of the dark skin and the sudden change from civilized Hebrew society to a loin-cloth culture of idleness, "full of mischief and subtlety" (2 Nephi 5:24). [citation needed]
The Book of Mormon never actually countenanced any form of curse-based discrimination. It stated that the Lord "denieth none that come unto him, black and white, bond and free, male and female; and he remembereth the heathen; and all are alike unto God, both Jew and Gentile". (2 Nephi 26:33). In fact, prejudice against people of dark skin was condemned: The Book of Mormon is one of the sacred texts of the Latter Day Saint movement, named after the prophet/historian Mormon, who according to the text compiled most of the book. ...
O my brethren, I fear that unless ye shall repent of your sins that their skins will be whiter than yours, when ye shall be brought with them before the throne of God. Wherefore, a commandment I give unto you, which is the word of God, that ye revile no more against them because of the darkness of their skins; neither shall ye revile against them because of their filthiness..." (Jacob 3:8-9).
Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible (1830) -
Black skin was also associated with a curse of hot climate in Smith's translation of the Bible, circa 1830, which describes a pre-deluge people called the "people of Canaan" (not to be confused with Canaan, the son of Ham, or the Biblical Canaanites), who were cursed because they fought against the "people of Shum." The Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible, also called the Inspired Version of the Bible or the JST, is a version of the Bible dictated by Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
For other uses, see Bible (disambiguation). ...
Liberty Leading the People by Eugène Delacroix commemorates the July Revolution 1830 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
The Deluge by Gustave Doré. The story of a Great Flood sent by God or the gods to destroy civilization as an act of divine retribution is a widespread theme in myths. ...
Ham (×—Ö¸×, Standard Hebrew Ḥam, Tiberian Hebrew ḤÄm, ḪÄm, Geez ካሠKam: possibly warm; hot), according to the Genealogies of Genesis, was a son of Noah and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan. ...
Canaanite can describe anything pertaining to Canaan: in particular, its languages and inhabitants. ...
"For behold, the Lord shall curse the land with much heat, and the barrenness thereof shall go forth forever; and there was a blackness came upon all the children of Canaan, that they were despised among all people." (Moses 7:8). There is no clear indication from Smith's translation of the Bible that the "people of Canaan" survived the deluge, or that they have any relationship to modern blacks, or that the black skin was hereditary rather than a result of exposure to the sun. For other uses, see Bible (disambiguation). ...
The Deluge by Gustave Doré. The story of a Great Flood sent by God or the gods to destroy civilization as an act of divine retribution is a widespread theme in myths. ...
Prophecy of the Civil War (1832) -
On December 25, 1832, Smith prophesied about a coming war: To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
December 25 is the 359th day of the year (360th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 6 days remaining. ...
1832 was a leap year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ...
"... concerning the wars that will shortly come to pass, beginning at the rebellion of South Carolina, which will eventually terminate in the death and misery of many souls. And the time will come that war will be poured out upon all nations, beginning at this place. For behold, the Southern States shall be divided against the Northern States, and the Southern States will call on other nations, even the nation of Great Britain, as it is called, and they shall also call upon other nations, in order to defend themselves against other nations; and then war shall be poured out upon all nations."(The Doctrine and Covenants, Covenant 87:1-3) Official language(s) English Capital Charleston(1670-1789) Columbia(1790-present) Largest city Columbia Largest metro area Greenville-Spartanburg Area Ranked 40th - Total 34,726 sq mi (82,965 km²) - Width 200 miles (320 km) - Length 260 miles (420 km) - % water 6 - Latitude 32°430N to 35°12...
Motto: Deo Vindice (Latin: With God As Our Vindicator) Anthem: God Save the South (unofficial) Dixie (popular) The Bonnie Blue Flag (popular) Capital Montgomery, Alabama February 4, 1861–May 29, 1861 Richmond, Virginia May 29, 1861–April 9, 1865 Danville, Virginia April 3–April 10, 1865 Largest city New Orleans...
Map of the division of the states during the Civil War. ...
This section of the Doctrine and Covenants also says that slaves would rise up against their masters. (The Doctrine and Covenants, Covenant 87:4) Doctrine and Covenants The Doctrine and Covenants (sometimes referred to as the D&C) is a part of the open scriptural canon of Mormonism. ...
Mormons in Missouri (1833) -
As it became known that Mormons had begun preaching to the local Native Americans, the suspicions of Missouri citizens were raised that the large numbers of Mormons might begin tampering with their slaves, and voting Mormons would threaten their policies on people of color. The Mormon War is a name sometimes given to the 1838 conflict which occurred between Latter Day Saints (Mormons) and their neighbors in northwestern Missouri. ...
In the summer of 1833, W. W. Phelps published an article in the church's newspaper, seeming to invite free blacks into the state to become Mormons, and reflecting "in connection with the wonderful events of this age, much is doing towards abolishing slavery, and colonizing the blacks, in Africa." ("Free Peoople of Color"). Outrage followed Phelps' comments, (Roberts [1930] 1965, p. 378.) and he was forced to reverse his position, which he claimed was "misunderstood", but this reversal did not end the controversy, and the Mormons were violently expelled from Jackson County, Missouri five months later in December 1833 (Bush & Mauss 1984, p. 55). 1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
William Wine Phelps (also W.W. Phelps, and William W. Phelps) (February 17, 1792–March 7, 1872) was an important early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement. ...
1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
At that time (December 16, 1833), Joseph Smith, Jr. dictated a revelation stating that "it is not right that any man should be in bondage to another." (Doctrine and Covenants 101:79). December 16 is the 350th day of the year (351st in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1833 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
Joseph Smith and slaveholders (1835) In 1835, the Church issued an official statement indicating that because the United States government allowed slavery, the Church would not "interfere with bond-servants, neither preach the gospel to, nor baptize them contrary to the will and wish of their masters, nor meddle with or influence them in the least to cause them to be dissatisfied with their situations in this life, thereby jeopardizing the lives of men." (LDS D&C Covenant 134:12). | Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Doctrine and Covenants The Doctrine and Covenants (sometimes referred to as the D&C) is a part of the open scriptural canon of Mormonism. ...
W.W. Phelps (1835) -
On February 6, 1835, Smith's associate W. W. Phelps wrote a letter theorizing that the curse of Cain survived the deluge by passing through the wife of Ham, son of Noah, who according to Phelps was a descendant of Cain. (Messenger and Advocate 1:82) In effect, Phelps was attempting to provide a rational link between the curse of Cain and the curse of Canaan. In addition, Phelps introduced the idea of a third curse upon Ham himself for "marrying a black wife". (Id.) This black wife, according to Phelps, was not just a descendant of Cain, but one of the pre-flood "people of Canaan" (not directly related to the Biblical Canaanites after the flood). Curse of Ham (also called the curse of Canaan) refers to the curse that Noah placed upon Canaan (the son of Ham) after Ham saw Noah naked because of drunkenness in his tent. ...
February 6 is the 37th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
| Come and take it, slogan of the Texas Revolution 1835 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
William Wine Phelps (also W.W. Phelps, and William W. Phelps) (February 17, 1792–March 7, 1872) was an important early leader of the Latter Day Saint movement. ...
In Christianity and Judaism, the curse of Cain and the mark of Cain refer to the Biblical passages in the Book of Genesis chapter 4, where God declared that Cain, the firstborn of Adam and Eve, was cursed, and placed a mark upon him to warn others that killing Cain...
Ham (×—Ö¸×, Standard Hebrew Ḥam, Tiberian Hebrew ḤÄm, ḪÄm, Geez ካሠKam: possibly warm; hot), according to the Genealogies of Genesis, was a son of Noah and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan. ...
The curse of Ham (also called the curse of Canaan) refers to the curse that Noah placed upon Canaan (the son of Ham) after Ham had done something to Noah while Noah was naked and unconscious because of drunkenness in his tent. ...
Ham (×—Ö¸×, Standard Hebrew Ḥam, Tiberian Hebrew ḤÄm, ḪÄm, Geez ካሠKam: possibly warm; hot), according to the Genealogies of Genesis, was a son of Noah and the father of Cush, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan. ...
In stories common to the Abrahamic religions, Cain or Káyin (קַיִן / קָיִן spear Standard Hebrew Qáyin, Tiberian Hebrew Qáyin / QÄyin; Arabic قايين QÄyÄ«n in the Arabic Bible; قابيل QÄbÄ«l in Islam) is the eldest son of Adam and Eve, and the first man born in creation...
Canaanite can describe anything pertaining to Canaan: in particular, its languages and inhabitants. ...
The Kirtland temple (1836) -
In 1836, the rules established by the church for governing assemblies in the Kirtland Temple included attendees who were “bond or free, black or white.”(History of the Church, Vol.2, Ch.26, p.368) The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland, Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area. ...
Joseph Smith on the Bible and slavery (April 9, 1836) Writing for the Messenger and Advocate (April 9, 1836) newspaper on the subject of slavery, Joseph Smith states: April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ...
Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
"After having expressed myself so freely upon this subject, I do not doubt but those who have been forward in raising their voice against the South, will cry out against me as being uncharitable, unfeeling and unkind-wholly unacquainted with the gospel of Christ. It is my privilege then, to name certain passages from the bible, and examine the teachings of the ancients upon this nature, as the fact is incontrovertible, that the first mention we have of slavery is found in the holy bible, pronounced by a man who was perfect in his generation and walked with God. And so far from that prediction's being averse from the mind of God it remains as a lasting monument of the decree of Jehovah, to the shame and confusion of all who have cried out against the South, in consequence of their holding the sons of Ham in servitude! "And he said cursed be Canaan; a servant of servants shall he be unto his brethren. And he said, Blessed be the Lord God of Shem; and Canaan shall be his servant. God shall enlarge Japheth, and he shall dwell in the tents of Shem and Canaan shall be his servant." —Genesis 9:25-27 "Trace the history of the world from this notable event down to this day, and you will find the fulfillment of this singular prophecy. What could have been the design of the Almighty in this wonderful occurrence is not for me to say; but I can say that the curse is not yet taken off the sons of Canaan, neither will be until it is affected by as great power as caused it to come; and the people who interfere the least with the decrees and purposes of God in this matter, will come under the least condemnation before him; and those who are determined to pursue a course which shows an opposition and a feverish restlessness against the designs of the Lord, will learn, when perhaps it is too late for their own good, that God can do his own work without the aid of those who are not dictate by his counsel." - (Joseph Smith Jr., Messenger and Advocate Vol. II, No. 7, April 1836, p. 290; History of the Church, Vol. 2, Ch. 30, pp. 436-40.) Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
Abolitionists (1836) April 1836, in the Messenger and Advocate pg. 290 Vol. II. No. 7. Kirtland, Ohio, Smith said the following: Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
Thinking, perhaps, that the sound might go out, that "an abolitionist" had held forth several times to this community, and that the public feeling was not aroused to create mobs or disturbances, leaving the impression that all he said was concurred in, and received as gospel and the word of salvation. I am happy to say, that no violence or breach of the public peace was attempted, so far from this, that all except a very few, attended to their own avocations and left the gentleman to hold forth his own arguments to nearly naked walls. In 1836, Warren Parrish (Smith's secretary) wrote regarding the sentiments of the people of Kirtland: Not long since a gentleman of the Presbyterian faith came to this town (Kirtland) and proposed to lecture upon the abolition question. Knowing that there was a large branch of the church of Latter Day Saints in this place, who, as a people, are liberal in our sentiments; he no doubt anticipated great success in establishing his doctrine among us. But in this he was mistaken. The doctrine of Christ and the systems of men are at issue and consequently will not harmonize together.[citation needed]
Black Saints (1836) The Church never denied membership based on race, and indeed several black men were ordained to the priesthood during Joseph Smith's lifetime. The first known black Latter-day Saint was "Black Pete", who joined the Church in Kirtland, Ohio[citation needed]. At least two African Americans, Elijah Abel in 1836 and Walker Lewis in 1844, were ordained to the priesthood during Smith's lifetime[citation needed]. William McCary was ordained in 1846[citation needed]. Two of the descendants of Elijah Abel were also ordained Elders, and two other black men, Samuel Chambers and Edward Leggroan, were ordained Deacons[citation needed]. A Latter-day Saint is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). ...
Kirtland is a city located in Lake County, Ohio, USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 6,670. ...
Drawing of Elijah Abel Elijah Abel (July 25, 1810 - December 25, 1884) was the first black Elder and Seventy in The Latter Day Saint movement, and one of the few black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to receive the priesthood before the church began...
Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ...
1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
In Mormonism, priesthood is considered to be the power and authority to act in the name of God, including the performance of sacred rites and ordinances, and the performance of miracles. ...
This article is about the sacrament. ...
1846 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ...
Drawing of Elijah Abel Elijah Abel (July 25, 1810 - December 25, 1884) was the first black Elder and Seventy in The Latter Day Saint movement, and one of the few black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to receive the priesthood before the church began...
In Mormonism, an Elder is a priesthood and leadership position in many denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. ...
The office of deacon in the Aaronic Priesthood in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is the lowest office in the Aaronic Priesthood. ...
Early black members in the Church were admitted to the temple in Kirtland, Ohio, where Elijah Abel received the ritual of washing and anointing (see Journal of Zebedee Coltrin). Abel also participated in at least two baptisms for the dead in Nauvoo, Illinois. The Kirtland Temple is a registered National Historic Landmark in Kirtland, Ohio, USA, on the eastern edge of the Cleveland metropolitan area. ...
Kirtland is a city located in Lake County, Ohio, USA. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 6,670. ...
Drawing of Elijah Abel Elijah Abel (July 25, 1810 - December 25, 1884) was the first black Elder and Seventy in The Latter Day Saint movement, and one of the few black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to receive the priesthood before the church began...
In Mormonism, an ordinance is a religious ritual of special significance, often involving a covenant with God. ...
In Mormonism, washing and anointing (also called the Initiatory) is an ordinance (ritual) that symbolizes ritual cleansing and anointing to be a king or queen in heaven. ...
The references in this article would be clearer with a different style of citation, footnoting or external linking. ...
By 1839 there were about a dozen black members in the Church (Late Persecution of the Church of Latter-day Saints, 1840). Nauvoo, Illinois was reported to have 22 black members, including free and slave, between 1839-1843. 1839 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
Joseph Smith on Negroes (1838) In 1838, Joseph Smith answered the following question which was frequently asked, while on his penultimate journey from Kirtland to Missouri, as follows: "Are the Mormons abolitionists? No ... we do not believe in setting the Negroes free."(Smith 1977, p.120)
Joseph Smith on blacks and Cain (1842) "In the evening debated with John C. Bennett and others to show that the Indians have greater cause to complain of the treatment of the whites, than the negroes or sons of Cain" (History of the Church 4:501.) Engraving of John C. Bennett in a Napoleon-like pose as General of the Nauvoo Legion. ...
Joseph Smith against slavery (1842-1844) Beginning in 1842, Smith made known his increasingly strong anti-slavery position. In March 1842, he began studying some abolitionist literature, and stated, "it makes my blood boil within me to reflect upon the injustice, cruelty, and oppression of the rulers of the people. When will these things cease to be, and the Constitution and the laws again bear rule?" (History of the Church, 4:544). 1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
1842 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ...
On February 7, 1844, Joseph Smith wrote his views as a candidate for president of the United States. The anti-slavery plank of his platform called for a gradual end to slavery by the year 1850. His plan called for the government to buy the freedom of slaves using money from the sale of public lands. February 7 is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ...
1844 was a leap year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ...
1850 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ...
“My cogitations, like Daniel's have for a long time troubled me, when I viewed the condition of men throughout the world, and more especially in this boasted realm, where the Declaration of Independence ‘holds these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;’ but at the same time some two or three millions of people are held as slaves for life, because the spirit in them is covered with a darker skin than ours.”(History of the Church, Vol.6, Ch.8, p.197 - p.198) During his election campaign, he stated, "If I had anything to do with the Negro, I would confine him to his own species and put him on national equalization."[citation needed]
Blacks and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -
Main article: Blacks and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints After the death of Joseph Smith, Jr., Brigham Young preached that blacks were ineligible to hold the priesthood because they were descended from Cain. Unable to hold the priesthood, they were barred from holding many positions in the Church or from entering the temple. Justification of this policy changed through the years. Joseph F. Smith was able to explain away the ordination of Elijah Abel, refer to Joseph Smith, Jr. as the author of the priesthood ban, and cite the Pearl of Great Price for justification. Joseph Fielding Smith adopted the explanation that during the war in heaven blacks had been sympathetic to Lucifer's cause yet unwilling to rebel against God the Father. David O. McKay started loosening the restictions, but never felt inspired to eliminate the ban all together. Finally, on June 8, 1978, President Spencer W. Kimball announced that "all worthy male members of the Church may be ordained to the priesthood" regardless of race" (Official Declaration 2). Like many predominantly white Christian churches, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church; see also Mormon) has held controversial positions on the issue of race, and the LDS Church had a general policy of racial exclusion from their priesthood from 1849 to 1978, long after most...
Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
Brigham Young (June 1, 1801 – August 29, 1877) was the second prophet and president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). ...
In Christianity and Judaism, the curse of Cain and the mark of Cain refer to the Biblical passages in the Book of Genesis chapter 4, where God declared that Cain, the firstborn of Adam and Eve, was cursed, and placed a mark upon him to warn others that killing Cain...
Joseph Fielding Smith, Sr. ...
Drawing of Elijah Abel Elijah Abel (July 25, 1810 - December 25, 1884) was the first black Elder and Seventy in The Latter Day Saint movement, and one of the few black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to receive the priesthood before the church began...
Joseph Smith, Jr. ...
Illustration of the Parable of the Pearl of Great Price, by John Everett Millais, from Parables of our lord (1864) The Pearl of Great Price is a parable told by Jesus in explaining the value of the Kingdom of Heaven, according to Matthew 13:45-46. ...
Joseph Fielding Smith (July 19, 1876 – July 2, 1972) was the tenth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints from 1970 to 1972. ...
In traditional Christian theology, Lucifer was once second in command to God. ...
David Oman McKay (September 8, 1873 – January 18, 1970) was the ninth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church; see also Mormon), serving from 1951 until his death in 1970. ...
June 8 is the 159th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (160th in leap years), with 206 days remaining. ...
1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (the link is to a full 1978 calendar). ...
Spencer Woolley Kimball (March 28, 1895 – November 5, 1985) was the twelfth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (1973-1985). ...
Blacks and the Community of Christ -
The doctrine of human worth or "worth of all persons" in the Community of Christ is a well established belief. The Community of Christ states that "God loves each of us equally and unconditionally. All persons have great worth and should be respected as creations of God with basic human rights. The willingness to love and accept others is essential to faithfulness to the gospel of Christ[1]." Community of Christ Temple in Independence, Missouri, USA. Dedicated 1994 Community of Christ, a Christian denomination known for its dedication to the pursuit of peace, claims more than 250,000 members in 50 nations. ...
Blacks and the Fundamental Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -
In 2005, the Intelligence Report published the following statements made by Warren Jeffs, President of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints: The FLDS Temple near Eldorado, Texas The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (FLDS) is a separatist group of Mormon fundamentalists, and may be Americas largest polygamous group. ...
To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...
- "The black race is the people through which the devil has always been able to bring evil unto the earth."
- "[Cain was] cursed with a black skin and he is the father of the Negro people. He has great power, can appear and disappear. He is used by the devil, as a mortal man, to do great evils."
- "Today you can see a black man with a white woman, et cetera. A great evil has happened on this land because the devil knows that if all the people have Negro blood, there will be nobody worthy to have the priesthood."
- "If you marry a person who has connections with a Negro, you would become cursed."[2]
Blacks and the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite) -
James Strang presided over general conference resolutions to allow African Americans to hold the high priesthood by 1849. That was consistent with Joseph Smith’s known ordination of a black man named Elijah Abel to the high priesthood office of “seventy” in 1836. The Book of Mormon says that “black and white” are all invited and “all are alike to God.” There were two significant Black elders in the church under James Strang while he was alive, namely Samuel Chambers and Samuel Walker.[3] This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
1856 daguerreotype of James Strang, taken on Beaver Island, Lake Michigan, by J. Atkyn, one of his assassins. ...
See also Drawing of Elijah Abel Elijah Abel (July 25, 1810 - December 25, 1884) was the first black Elder and Seventy in The Latter Day Saint movement, and one of the few black members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to receive the priesthood before the church began...
In Christianity and Judaism, the curse of Cain and the mark of Cain refer to the Biblical passages in the Book of Genesis chapter 4, where God declared that Cain, the firstborn of Adam and Eve, was cursed, and placed a mark upon him to warn others that killing Cain...
Curse of Ham (also called the curse of Canaan) refers to the curse that Noah placed upon Canaan (the son of Ham) after Ham saw Noah naked because of drunkenness in his tent. ...
References - (1908)"The Negro and the Priesthood". Liahona, the Elders' Journal 5: 1164-1167.
- Bush, Lester E. Jr; Armand L. Mauss, eds. (1984). Neither White Nor Black: Mormon Scholars Confront the Race Issue in a Universal Church. Salt Lake City, Utah: Signature Books. ISBN 0-941214-22-2.
- Buswell, James O. III (1964). Slavery, Segregation, and Scripture. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co. ASIN: B0006AYWRG.
- Mauss, Armand L. (December 2004). "Dispelling the Curse of Cain". Sunstone (134): 56-61.
- Roberts, B.H. ([1930] 1965). Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young Univ Press. ISBN 0-842504-82-6.
- Smith, Joseph F. (reprint 1977). Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith. Salt Lake City: Deseret Book.
- Stewart, David Grant (1978). The Jaredites Were Black. National Translator Certification Service. B00071R4GU.
The Evening and Morning Star was an early Latter Day Saint periodical published monthly in Independence, Missouri from June 1832 to May 1833, and then in Kirtland, Ohio from June 1833 to September 1834. ...
July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Messenger and Advocate (previously, The Latter Day Saints Messenger and Advocate) was an early Latter Day Saint periodical published monthly in Kirtland, Ohio from October 1834 to September 1837. ...
July 15 is the 196th day (197th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 169 days remaining. ...
2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Joseph Fielding Smith, Sr. ...
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