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Encyclopedia > Calgary, Alberta

City of Calgary

Downtown Calgary from the north. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1500x504, 194 KB)Photo courtesy of the Calgary Downtown Association. ...

(Coat of Arms of Calgary) This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... The Coat of arms of Calgary, Alberta was adopted in 1902 after a local contest. ...

(Flag of Calgary) Image File history File links Flag_of_Calgary,_Alberta. ... Flag of Calgary, Alberta The official flag of Calgary, Alberta was designed by Gwin Clarke and Yvonne Fritz. ...

Location of Calgary within census division number 6 in Alberta, Canada
Area 789.90 km²
Metro area 5,083.00 km²
Population 956,078 (2005)
Pop'n rank 3rd
Metro pop'n 1,060,300 (2005 est.)
Metro rank 5th
Pop'n density 1252.3
Location 51°02′N 114°03′W
Altitude 1048 metres
Incorporation 1894
Province Alberta
Census Division 6
Members of Parliament Diane Ablonczy, Rob Anders, Art Hanger, Stephen Harper, Jason Kenney, Deepak Obhrai, Jim Prentice, Lee Richardson
Members of the Legislative Assembly Cindy Ady, Moe Amery, Neil Brown, Wayne Cao, Harvey Cenaiko, Harry B. Chase, Alana DeLong, Heather Forsyth, Yvonne Fritz, Denis Herard, Art Johnston, Ralph Klein, Ron Liepert, Richard Magnus, Gary Mar, Greg Melchin, Hung Pham, Dave Rodney, Shiraz Shariff, Ron Stevens, David Swann, Dave Taylor, Len Webber
Mayor Dave Bronconnier

(Past mayors) Image File history File links Dot-yellow. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (450x784, 223 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Area is a physical quantity expressing the size of a part of a surface. ... The table below is a list of the 100 largest cities (or municipalities) in Canada. ... The below table is a list of the 100 largest Metropolitan Areas in Canada. ... Altitude is the elevation of an object from a known level or datum. ... metre or meter, see meter (disambiguation) The metre (in the U.S., chiefly meter) is a measure of length, approximately equal to 3. ... A Municipal Corporation is a legal defintion for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, and towns. ... Map of Canada Canada is a federation of ten provinces which, together with three territories, comprise the worlds second largest country in total area. ... Motto: Fortis et liber (Latin: Strong and free) Official languages English Flower Wild rose Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Lieutenant-Governor Norman Kwong Premier Ralph Klein (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 28 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 6th 661,848 km² 642,317 km² 19... The province of Alberta, Canada, is divided into 19 census divisions according to Statistics Canada. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... Members of the House of Commons in the 38th Parliament of Canada, as of November 10, 2005. ... Diane Ablonczy (born May 6, 1949) is a Canadian politician. ... Rob Anders (born April 1, 1972, in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is a Canadian politician. ... Arthur Art Hanger (born February 19, 1943 in Three Hills, Alberta) is a Canadian politician. ... Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party of Canada. ... Jason Kenney (born May 30, 1968 in Oakville, Ontario) is a Canadian politician. ... Deepak Obhrai (born May 7, 1950 in Oldeani, Tanzania) is a Canadian politician, representing the riding of Calgary East for the Conservative Party of Canada. ... Jim Prentice, MP (born July 20, 1956, in South Porcupine, Timmins, Ontario) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. ... Lee Richardson (b. ... The Legislative Assembly of Alberta meets in the provincial capital, Edmonton. ... Moe Amery is a Canadian politician who was elected to his fourth term as Member of the Legislative Assembly for Calgary-East on November 22, 2004. ... Wayne Cao is an Albertan politician. ... Hon. ... Harry Chase (born November 22, 1947, in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan) is a Canadian politician. ... Alana DeLong speaking at a rally on the steps of Calgary City Hall, June 2, 2006. ... Arthur Art Johnston is a politician and a retired police officer from Alberta, Canada. ... Ralph Phillip Klein MLA (born November 1, 1942), leader of the Alberta Progressive Conservatives, is the current premier of the Canadian province of Alberta. ... Honourable Gary G. Mar QC, LLB, BComm (born July 26, 1962) is the Minister of Community Development since November 22, 2004. ... Hung Kim Pham is a politician from Alberta, Canada. ... Ron Stevens (born 1949) is an Albertan MLA who is currently that provinces Minister of Justice. ... Dr. David Swann is a medical doctor and Alberta Liberal Member of Legistive Assembly. ... Dave Taylor is an Albertan politician representing the electoral division of Calgary Currie in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta since 2004. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger,greater) is in modern times the title of the highest ranking municipal officer, who discharges certain judicial and administrative functions, in many systems an elected politician, who serves as chief executive and/or ceremonial official of many types of municipalities. ... David Dave Bronconnier is a Canadian politician, currently serving as mayor of Calgary, Alberta. ... This is a list of mayors of Calgary, Alberta. ...

City Manager Owen A. Tobert
Governing Body Calgary City Council
Time zone Mountain (UTC-7)
Postal code T1Y to T3R
Area Code 403
Official website: City of Calgary

Calgary is a city in the province of Alberta, Canada. It is in the south of the province, in a region of foothills and high plains, approximately 80 km east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies. As of 2005, the estimated metropolitan population (CMA) was 1,060,300 (see Calgary Region). Calgary is the largest city in Alberta and the third largest city proper, by population, in Canada. In terms of urban areas, it is the fifth largest Census Metropolitan Area in the country. It is located within the relatively densely populated "Calgary-Edmonton Corridor"[1]. It is the largest Canadian metropolitan area between Toronto and Vancouver. The council-manager government is one of 2 main variations of representative municipal government (for contrast, also see Mayor-Council government). ... A governing body is a corporate form of management. ... The Calgary City Council is the governing body of the City of Canada. ... A time zone is a region of the Earth that has adopted the same standard time, usually referred to as the local time. ... A Canadian postal code is a string of six characters that form part of a postal address in Canada. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... Area code 403 is a telephone area code in the Canadian province of Alberta, encompassing the southern half of the province. ... Night view of Taipei City. ... Province is a name for a subnational entity. ... Motto: Fortis et liber (Latin: Strong and free) Official languages English Flower Wild rose Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Lieutenant-Governor Norman Kwong Premier Ralph Klein (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 28 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 6th 661,848 km² 642,317 km² 19... Rocky Mountains, White Goat Wilderness Area, Alberta, Canada The Canadian Rockies comprise the Canadian segment of the North American Rocky Mountains range. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A census metropolitan area, or CMA is a Canadian census subdivision comprising a large urban area (known as the urban core) and adjacent areas (known as urban and rural fringes) that have a high degree of social and economic integration with the urban core. ... The Calgary Region is the metropolitan area based around Calgary, Alberta. ... A census metropolitan area, or CMA is a Canadian census subdivision comprising a large urban area (known as the urban core) and adjacent areas (known as urban and rural fringes) that have a high degree of social and economic integration with the urban core. ... The Calgary-Edmonton Corridor is a geographical region of the Canadian province of Alberta. ... Vancouver (pronounced ) is a Canadian city in the province of British Columbia. ...


A resident of Calgary is known as a Calgarian.


Calgary is well-known as a destination for winter sports and ecotourism with a number of major mountain resorts near the city and metropolitan area. Calgary's economy is mostly centred on the petroleum industry (see oilpatch), however agriculture, tourism, and the high-tech industries also contribute to the city's fast economic growth. Calgary also holds many major annual festivals, including the Calgary Stampede, the Folk Music Festival, the Lilac Festival, and the second largest Caribbean festival in the country (Carifest). In 1988, Calgary became the first Canadian city to host The Olympic Winter Games. Ecotourism means ecological tourism, where ecological has both environmental and social connotations. ... Oilpatch is a term used in reference to the petroleum industry, particularily in Alberta, Canada. ... Rider at the Stampede Rodeo The Calgary Stampede, which bills itself as The Greatest Outdoor show on Earth, is a large festival, exhibition, and rodeo held in Calgary, Alberta for ten days every July. ... Central America and the Caribbean (detailed pdf map) The Caribbean (Spanish: Caribe; French: Caraïbe; Dutch: Caraïben; Portuguese: Caribe or Caraíbas) is a region of the Americas consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (most of which enclose the sea), and the surrounding coasts. ... 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A runner carries the Olympic torch The Winter Olympic Games or the Olympic Winter Games, are a winter multi-sport event held every four years. ...

Contents


History

First settlement

Calgary as it appeared circa 1885
Calgary as it appeared circa 1885

Before the Calgary area was settled by Europeans, it was the domain of the Blackfoot people whose presence has been traced back at least 11,000 years. In 1787 cartographer David Thompson spent the winter with a band of Peigan encamped along the Bow River. He was the first recorded European to visit the area. The site became a post of the North West Mounted Police (now the RCMP). Originally named Fort Brisebois, after NWMP officer Éphrem-A Brisebois, it was renamed Fort Calgary in 1876 because of questionable conduct on the part of that officer. The NWMP detachment was assigned to protect the western plains from US whiskey traders. Fort Calgary was named by Colonel James Macleod after Calgary (Cala-ghearraidh, Beach of the pasture) on the Isle of Mull, Scotland. When the Canadian Pacific Railway reached the area and a rail station was constructed, Calgary began to grow into an important commercial and agricultural centre. The Canadian Pacific Railway headquarters are located in Calgary today. Calgary was officially incorporated as a town in 1884 and elected its first mayor, George Murdoch. In 1894, Calgary became the first city in what was then the Northwest Territories. Image File history File links Calgary_Alberta_circa_1885. ... Image File history File links Calgary_Alberta_circa_1885. ... Bear Bull The Blackfoot Confederacy is the collective name of three First Nations in Alberta and one Native American tribe in Montana. ... David Thompson (April 30, 1770 – February 10, 1857), was an English-Canadian map-maker and explorer. ... See Blackfoot for the rock band. ... The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP or Mounties; French, Gendarmerie royale du Canada, GRC) is both the federal police force and the national police of Canada. ... The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP or Mounties; French, Gendarmerie royale du Canada, GRC) is both the federal police force and the national police of Canada. ... Inspector Éphrem-A. Brisebois (7 March 1850 – 13 February 1890) was a politician, soldier, and police officer with the North-West Mounted Police. ... North-West Mounted Police, Fort Calgary, 1878 Fort Calgary was started in September, 1875 as Fort Brisebois by the North West Mounted Police on the forks of the Bow and Elbow rivers in what is now Calgary, Alberta. ... 1876 (MDCCCLXXVI) is a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... Colonel James Farquharson Macleod (c. ... The wide sand beach at Calgary, Mull, is possibly the best on Mull and its idyllic location makes it one of the finest in Scotland. ... Tobermory with 700 people, the largest settlement on Mull, is home to the only whisky distillery on the island. ... Motto: Nemo me impune lacessit (English: No one provokes me with impunity) Scotlands location within Europe Scotlands location within the United Kingdom Languages English, Gaelic, Scots Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow First Minister Jack McConnell Area - Total - % water Ranked 2nd UK 78,782 km² 1. ... The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR; AAR reporting marks CP, CPAA, CPI), known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a Canadian Class I railway operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited. ... The Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR; AAR reporting marks CP, CPAA, CPI), known as CP Rail between 1968 and 1996, is a Canadian Class I railway operated by Canadian Pacific Railway Limited. ... 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... For George Peter Murdock, the Yale scholar, see George Murdock George Murdoch (April 29, 1850 - February 2, 1910) was the first mayor of Calgary, Alberta. ... 1894 (MDCCCXCIV) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Motto: None Official languages Dene Suline, Cree, Dogrib, English, French, Gwichʼin, Inuktitut, Slavey Flower Mountain avens Capital Yellowknife Largest city Yellowknife Commissioner Tony Whitford Premier Joe Handley (Consensus government - no party affiliations) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 1 1 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 3rd 1...


The oil boom

Calgary in 1969
Calgary in 1969

Oil was first discovered in Alberta in 1914, but it didn't become a significant industry in the province until the 1960s when huge reserves of it were discovered. Calgary quickly found itself at the centre of the ensuing oil boom. The city's economy grew when oil prices increased with the Arab Oil Embargo of 1973. The population increased by 244,000 in the sixteen years between 1971 (403,000) and 1987 (647,000). During this time, skyscrapers were constructed at a pace seen by few cities anywhere. The relatively low-rise downtown quickly became dense with tall buildings: a trend that continues to this day. Photo by Will Henderson of Calgary 69 http://www. ... Photo by Will Henderson of Calgary 69 http://www. ... Motto: Fortis et liber (Latin: Strong and free) Official languages English Flower Wild rose Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Lieutenant-Governor Norman Kwong Premier Ralph Klein (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 28 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 6th 661,848 km² 642,317 km² 19... This article or section should be merged with 1973 energy crisis On October 16th, 1973, as part of the political strategy that included the Yom Kippur War, OPEC cut production of oil, and placed an embargo on shipments of crude oil to the West, with the Netherlands, specifically targetted. ... This is a list of the 10 tallest skyscrapers in the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... View of downtown Calgary from Princes Island. ...


Calgary's economy was so closely tied to the oil industry that the city's boom peaked with the average annual price of oil in 1981[2]. The subsequent drop in oil prices and the introduction of National Energy Program, were cited by industry as reasons for a collapse in the oil industry, and consequently the overall Calgary economy. The NEP was cancelled in the mid-1980s by the Brian Mulroney federal government. Continued low oil prices, however, prevented a full recovery until the 1990s. The National Energy Program (NEP) was an energy policy of the Government of Canada. ... Martin Brian Mulroney (born March 20, 1939), was the eighteenth Prime Minister of Canada from September 17, 1984, to June 25, 1993 and was leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada from 1983 to 1993. ...


Recent history

Downtown Calgary in 2003 as seen from the top of McHugh Bluff.
Downtown Calgary in 2003 as seen from the top of McHugh Bluff.

With the energy sector employing a huge number of Calgarians, the fallout from the economic slump of the early 1980s was understandably significant. The unemployment rate soared. By the end of the decade, however, the economy was in recovery. Calgary quickly realized that it could not afford to put so much emphasis on oil and gas, and the city has since become much more diverse, both economically and culturally. The period during this recession marked Calgary's transition from a mid-sized and relatively nondescript prairie city into a major cosmopolitan and diverse centre. This transition culminated in February of 1988, when the city hosted the XV Olympic Winter Games. The success of these games essentially put the city on the world stage. Download high resolution version (900x674, 113 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (900x674, 113 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... The XV Olympic Winter Games were held in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ...


The economy in Calgary and Alberta is now booming, and the city of over a million people is still among the fastest growing in the country. In fact, Calgary is now second only to Toronto for its concentration of corporate head offices, although many of them are related to the oil industry. While the oil and gas industry comprise most of the economy, the city has invested a great deal into other areas. Tourism is perhaps one of the fastest growing industries in the city. Over 4.5 million people now visit the city on an annual basis for its many festivals and attractions, as well as the Calgary Stampede. The nearby mountain resort towns of Banff, Lake Louise, and Canmore are also becoming increasingly popular with tourists, and are bringing people into Calgary as a result. Other modern industries include light manufacturing, high-tech, film, transportation, and services. The city has also ranked high in quality of life surveys. Motto: Fortis et liber (Latin: Strong and free) Official languages English Flower Wild rose Capital Edmonton Largest city Calgary Lieutenant-Governor Norman Kwong Premier Ralph Klein (PC) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 28 6 Area Total  - Land  - Water    (% of total)  Ranked 6th 661,848 km² 642,317 km² 19... Rider at the Stampede Rodeo The Calgary Stampede, which bills itself as The Greatest Outdoor show on Earth, is a large festival, exhibition, and rodeo held in Calgary, Alberta for ten days every July. ... Banff townsite (left) and Tunnel Mountain (right) on the Bow River as seen from Sulphur Mountain. ... , Lake Louise and the glacier in winter the lake with the Chateau Lake Louise is both an actual lake and a nearby hamlet located in the Canadian province of Alberta in Banff National Park. ... Canmore ( Elevation: 1350m / 4455) is a town in Alberta, Canada, with a permanent population of 11,442 (2005 municipal census). ...


Geography and climate

Calgary is located within the foothills of the Rocky Mountains and is relatively hilly as a result. Calgary's elevation is approximately 1048 metres (3440 feet) above sea level downtown, and 1083 metres (3556 feet) at the airport. The city proper covers a land area of 721 km² (as of 2001) and as such exceeds the land areas of both Toronto and New York City. White Goat Wilderness Area, Alberta, Canada View of the Rocky Mountains as depicted on the Colorado state quarter The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a broad mountain range in western North America. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Big Apple Location Location in the state of New York Government Counties (Boroughs) Bronx (The Bronx) New York (Manhattan) Queens (Queens) Kings (Brooklyn) Richmond (Staten Island) Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,214. ...


There are two major rivers that run through the city. The Bow River is the largest and flows from the west to the south. The Elbow River flows northwards from the south until it converges with the Bow River near downtown. Since the climate of the region is generally dry, dense vegetation occurs naturally only in the river valleys and within Fish Creek Provincial Park, the largest urban park in Canada. The Bow River is a river in the Canadian province of Alberta. ... The Elbow River is a river located in southern Alberta, Canada. ... View of downtown Calgary from Princes Island. ... Fish Creek Park is a provincial park located in the southern part of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ...


The city is quite large in physical area, consisting of an inner city surrounded by various communities of decreasing density. Unlike most cities with a sizable metropolitan area, most of Calgary's suburbs are incorporated into the city proper, with the notable exceptions of the city of Airdrie to the north, Cochrane to the northwest, Strathmore to the east, and the sprawling Springbank district to the west. Though it is not technically within Calgary's metropolitan area, the town of Okotoks is only a short distance to the south and is considered a suburb as well. The Calgary Economic Region includes slightly more area than the CMA and has a population of 1,146,900. Airdrie is a city in Alberta, Canada, located just north of Calgary within the Calgary-Edmonton Corridor. ... Cochrane is a large town in the Canadian province of Alberta. ... Strathmore is a town located along the Trans-Canada Highway in south-central Alberta, Canada, 40 km east of the city of Calgary. ... Okotoks is a town situated on the Sheep River, 18 kilometres south of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... The Calgary Region is the metropolitan area based around Calgary, Alberta. ... A census metropolitan area, or CMA is a Canadian census subdivision comprising a large urban area (known as the urban core) and adjacent areas (known as urban and rural fringes) that have a high degree of social and economic integration with the urban core. ...


Because of the growth of the city, its southwest borders are now immediately adjacent to the Tsuu T’ina (Sarcee) Nation Native Indian reserve. Recent residential developments in the deep southwest of the city have created a need for a major roadway heading into the interior of the city, but because of complications in negotiations with the Sarcee about the construction, the much-needed construction has not yet begun. The Tsuu T’ina (also Sarsi or Sarcee) are a nation of the First Nations of Canada. ...


Calgary's neighbourhoods

The downtown region of the city consists of five neighbourhoods: Eau Claire (including the Festival District), the Downtown West End, the Downtown Commercial Core, Chinatown, and the Downtown East Village (also part of the Rivers District). The commercial core is itself divided into a number of districts including the Stephen Avenue Retail Core, the Penny Lane Entertainment District, the Arts District and the Government District. Distinct from downtown and south of 9th Avenue is Calgary's densest neighbourhood, the Beltline. The area includes a number of communities such as Midtown, Victoria Crossing and a portion of the Rivers District. The Beltline is the focus of major planning and rejuvenation initiatives on the part of the municipal government to increase the density and liveliness of Calgary's centre. The city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada has over 180 neighbourhoods. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 1127 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 1127 KB) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Stephen Avenue is a major pedestrian mall in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... View of downtown Calgary from Princes Island. ... The neighbourhood of Eau Claire in Calgary, Alberta is located immediately north of Downtown, and south of the Bow River. ... View of downtown Calgary from Princes Island. ... Calgarys Chinatown is the third largest in Canada after those in Vancouver and Toronto. ... The Downtown East Village is a residential neighbourhood within the eastern portions of downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Victoria Park was named after Queen Victoria, who is pictured above, as part of a monument to the Boer War. ... Stephen Avenue is a major pedestrian mall in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Victoria Park was named after Queen Victoria, who is pictured above, as part of a monument to the Boer War. ... Victoria Park was named after Queen Victoria, who is pictured above, as part of a monument to the Boer War. ...


Adjacent to, or directly radiating from the downtown are the first of the inner-city communities. These include Crescent Heights, Sunnyside, Hounsfield Heights/Briar Hill, Hillhurst (including Kensington BRZ), Bridgeland, Renfrew, Mount Royal, Mission and Inglewood. The inner city is, in turn, surrounded by relatively dense and established neighbourhoods such as Rosedale and Mount Pleasant to the north; Bowness, Parkdale and Westgate to the west; Park Hill, South Calgary (including Marda Loop), Altadore and Killarney to the south; and Forest Lawn/International Avenue to the east. Lying beyond these, and usually separated from one another by highways, are the suburban communities, often characterized as "commuter communities". The city's deep south is probably expanding the fastest and includes communities such as Cranston and McKenzie Lake. In all, there are over 180 distinct neighbourhoods within the city limits. View of downtown Calgary from Princes Island. ... Kensington is a Business Revitalization Zone in Calgary, Alberta, focused around the intersection of Kensington Road and 10th St. ... The city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada has over 180 neighbourhoods. ... Mount Royal is an area of Calgary, Alberta and is home to the neighbourhoods of Upper Mount Royal and Lower Mount Royal. ... Father Albert Lacombe (photo circa 1913) St. ... Inglewood is a neighbourhood in central Calgary, Alberta, centered on 9th Avenue for several blocks east of the Elbow River. ... Bowness was a town in Alberta, Canada, which was annexed by the city of Calgary in 1964. ... Parkdale is a neighbourhood in the city of Calgary, Alberta. ... Marda Loop is a Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) in Calgary, Alberta, centred on 33rd and 34th Avenues SW between Crowchild Trail and 19th Street SW. It straddles the neighbourhoods of Bankview, South Calgary and Richmond and is adjacent to the neighbourhood of Garrison Woods. ... International Avenue is a Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) in Calgary, Alberta. ... McKenzie Lake is an extremly popular community in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ...


The rapidly growing areas of the northeast, including areas north of "the properties" (Rundle, Whitehorn, Pineridge and Temple) include Saddleridge, Castleridge/Westwinds, Martindale and Taradale.


Climate

Calgary has a continental climate with relatively cold winters and short, cool summers (USDA Plant Hardiness Zone 3b). The climate is greatly influenced by the city's elevation and close proximity to the Rocky Mountains. Although Calgary's winters can be uncomfortably cold, warm, dry Chinook winds routinely blow into the city from the Pacific Ocean during the winter months, giving Calgarians a break from the cold. These winds have been known to raise the winter temperature by up to 15°C in just a few hours, and may last several days. The chinooks are such a common feature of Calgary's winters that only one month (January 1950) has failed to witness a thaw over more than 100 years of weather observations. More than one half of all winter days see the daily maximum rise above 0°C (32°F). A continental climate is the climate typical of the middle-latitude interiors of the large continents of the Northern Hemisphere in the zone of westerly winds; similar climates exist along the east coasts (but not the west coasts) of the same continents, and also at higher elevations in certain other... White Goat Wilderness Area, Alberta, Canada View of the Rocky Mountains as depicted on the Colorado state quarter The Rocky Mountains, often called the Rockies, are a broad mountain range in western North America. ... Chinook has several meanings: The Chinookan nation of Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest, which inhabited the lower Columbia River valley in what is now Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. ...


Calgary is a city of extremes, and temperatures have ranged anywhere from a record low of −45°C (-49°F)in 1893 to a record high of 36°C (97°F) in 1919. Although not common, Calgary experiences summer daytime temperatures of above 30°C (86°F) on an average of about four days per year. Temperatures fall below −30°C (-22°F) on about five days per year, though extreme cold spells usually do not last very long. According to Environment Canada, the average temperature in Calgary ranges from a January daily average of −9°C (16°F) to a July daily average of 16°C (61°F). As a consequence of Calgary's high elevation, summer evenings can be very cool, the average summer minimum temperature is 8°C (46°F), and frosts can occur in any month of the year. Calgary has experienced snowfall even in July and August. With an average relative humidity of 55% in the winter and 45% in the summer, Calgary has a semi-arid climate typical of other cities in the Western Great Plains and Canadian Prairies. Unlike cities further east, like Toronto, Montreal, or even Winnipeg, humidity is never a factor during the Calgary summer. The city is also one of the sunniest in Canada, with 2,405 hours of annual sunshine, on average. Calgary receives an average of 413mm (16.2in) of precipitation annually, with 301mm (11.8in) of that occurring in the form of rain, and the remainder as snow. Most of the precipitation occurs from May to August, with June averaging the most monthly rainfall. In June of 2005, Calgary received 248 mm of precipitation, making it the wettest month in the city's recorded history. Droughts are not uncommon and may occur at any time of the year. Calgary averages more than 20 days a year with thunderstorms, with almost all of them occurring in the summer months. Calgary lies on the edge of Alberta's hailstorm alley and is prone to occasional damaging hailstorms. A hailstorm that struck Calgary in September 1991 was one of the most destructive natural disasters in Canadian history. Environment Canada is the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for coordinating environmental policies and programs as well as preserving and enhancing the natural environment and conservation of wildlife. ... The Great Plains is the broad expanse of prairie which lies east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States of America and Canada, covering all or parts of the U.S. states of New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Montana, South Dakota and North Dakota and the... A prairie is an area of land of low topographic relief that principally supports grasses and herbs, with few trees, and is generally of a mesic (moderate or temperate) climate. ... City motto: Concordia Salus (Latin: Well-being through harmony) Province Quebec Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area  - % water 366. ... Motto: Unum Cum Virtute Multorum (One With the Strength of Many) Area: 465. ...


Seasons

  • Winter: November to mid-March.
  • Spring: mid-March to May
  • Summer: June to August
  • Autumn: September to November

Culture

City life

Olympic Plaza in the Arts District
Olympic Plaza in the Arts District

Calgary's urban scene has changed considerably since the city has grown. It is also starting to become recognized as one of Canada's most diverse cities. Today, Calgary is a modern cosmopolitan city that still retains much of its traditional culture of hotel saloons, western bars, night clubs, and hockey. Following its revival in the 1990s, Calgary has also become a centre for western music in Canada. As such, it is referred to by some as the "Nashville of the North". Calgary is also home to a thriving all-ages music scene. Download high resolution version (1280x960, 1066 KB)Photos courtesy of the Calgary Downtown Association [1] File links The following pages link to this file: Calgary, Alberta ... Download high resolution version (1280x960, 1066 KB)Photos courtesy of the Calgary Downtown Association [1] File links The following pages link to this file: Calgary, Alberta ... Tourists sit outside a bar in Chiang Mai, Thailand A bar in Switzerland. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... Poster from the Western Music, directly related to the old English, Scottish, and Irish folk ballads, was originally composed by and about the people settling and working in the American West and western Canada. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Music City Location Location in Davidson County and the state of Tennessee Coordinates , Government Country State Counties United States Tennessee Davidson County Founded: Incorporated: 1780 1806 Mayor Bill Purcell (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 526. ...


As a relatively ethnically diverse city, Calgary also has a number of major multi-cultural areas and assets. It has one of the largest Chinatowns in Canada as well as a “Little Italy” in the Bridgeland neighbourhood. Not unique to a specific area in the city, the growing Ismaili community represents humanitarianism and brotherhood, and provides ongoing contributions to community development. Forest Lawn is among the most diverse areas in the city and as such, the area around 17th Avenue SE. within the neighbourhood is also known as International Avenue. The district is home to a wide variety of ethnic restaurants and stores. Calgarys Chinatown is the third largest in Canada after those in Vancouver and Toronto. ... International Avenue is a Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) in Calgary, Alberta. ...


As the population has grown, and particularly, as the urban density in central Calgary has increased, so too has the vitality of this area. While the city continues to embrace suburbanism, people are beginning to find a wide variety alternatives in the inner city. This has led to significant increases in the popularity of central districts such as 17th Avenue, Kensington, Inglewood, Marda Loop and the Mission District. The nightlife and the availability of cultural venues in these areas has gradually begun to evolve as a result. Victoria Park was named after Queen Victoria, who is pictured above, as part of a monument to the Boer War. ... Kensington is a Business Revitalization Zone in Calgary, Alberta, focused around the intersection of Kensington Road and 10th St. ... Inglewood is a neighbourhood in central Calgary, Alberta, centered on 9th Avenue for several blocks east of the Elbow River. ... Marda Loop is a Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) in Calgary, Alberta, centred on 33rd and 34th Avenues SW between Crowchild Trail and 19th Street SW. It straddles the neighbourhoods of Bankview, South Calgary and Richmond and is adjacent to the neighbourhood of Garrison Woods. ... Father Albert Lacombe (photo circa 1913) St. ...


Performing arts

Calgary is the site of the Southern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium, a 4 million cubic foot (113,000 m3) performing arts, culture and community facility. The auditorium is one of two "twin" facilities in the province, the other located in Edmonton. The 2,700-seat auditorium was opened in 1957 and has been host to hundreds of Broadway musical, theatrical, stage and local productions. Annually, over 850,000 visitors frequent the performance space. The "Jube", as both are known, is the resident home of the Alberta Ballet, the Calgary opera, the Kiwanis Music Festival, and the annual official civic Remembrance Day Ceremonies. Both auditoria are run by community-based non-profit societies, operate 365 days a year, and completed a $91 million renovation on the Province's Centennial, September 1, 2005. The Southern Alberta Jubilee Auditorium is a 4 million cubic foot (113,000 m3) performing arts, culture and community facility. ... The Alberta Ballet Company, in Edmonton, Alberta, was founded by Ruth Carse in the late 1950s and became a profesional company in 1966. ... Wreaths of artificial poppies used as a symbol of remembrance Remembrance Day or Armistice Day is a day of commemoration observed in the Commonwealth of Nations and various European countries (including France and Belgium) to commemorate World War I and other wars. ...


Calgary is also home to a number of contemporary and established theatre companies; among them are One Yellow Rabbit, which shares the EPCOR Centre for the Performing Arts with the Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra, as well as Theatre Calgary and Alberta Theatre Projects. There are also many smaller theatre and performing arts companies in the city. Calgary was also the birthplace of the improvisational theatre games known as Theatresports. The Calgary International Film Festival is also held in the city annually, as well as the International Festival of Animated Objects. One Yellow Rabbit is a contemporary theatre company based in Calgary, Alberta that started in 1982. ... The EPCOR Centre for the Performing Arts is an arts venue in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... The Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra is Southern Albertas most well regarded orchestra and it is based in Calgary. ... Theatre Calgary, theatre company in Calgary, Alberta, established as a professional company in 1968. ... Alberta Theatre Projects (ATP) is a Canadian theatre production company, founded in 1972, and based out of the Martha Cohen Theatre in Calgary, Alberta. ... Theatresports, or Theatre Sports, is a form of competitive improvisational theatre and is a trademark of the International Theatresports Institute (ITI). ... The Calgary International Film Festival (CIFF) is a film festival held annually in Calgary, Canada for ten days in late September and early October. ... The International Festival of Animated Objects is a bi-annual ten-day festival sponsored by the non-profit group CAOS - Calgary Animated Objects Society that promotes various arts that are more than just puppetry. ...


Museums and galleries

The city is home to several museums. The most well known of these, the Glenbow Museum is the largest in western Canada and includes an art gallery. Other major museums include the largest Chinese Cultural Centre in North America, the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame (at Canada Olympic Park), The Military Museums, the Cantos Music Museum and the Aero Space Museum. There are also a number of art galleries in the city and many of them are concentrated along the Stephen Avenue and 17th Avenue corridors. The largest of these is the Art Gallery of Calgary (AGC). The Glenbow Museum is Western Canadas largest museum, with over 93,000 square feet (8,600 m²) of exhibition space in more than 20 galleries, showcasing a selection of the Glenbows collection of over a million objects. ... Canada Olympic Park (C.O.P.) is located in Calgary, Alberta. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Museum of the Regiments. ... Stephen Avenue is a major pedestrian mall in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Victoria Park was named after Queen Victoria, who is pictured above, as part of a monument to the Boer War. ...


Cultural events and festivals

Main article: Festivals in Calgary

Calgary is home to a number of major annual festivals and events. These include the growing Calgary International Film Festival, the Calgary Folk Music Festival, The Greek Festival, Carifest, the Lilac Festival, GlobalFest, the Calgary Fringe Festival, Summerstock, and many other cultural and ethnic festivals. Calgary's most well-known event is the Calgary Stampede, which occurs every July. It features an internationally recognized rodeo competition, a midway, stage shows, agricultural competitions, chuckwagon races, First Nations exhibitions, and pancake breakfasts around the city, among other attractions. It is among the largest and most well known festivals in Canada. The event has a 93 year history. In 2005, attendance at the 10-day rodeo and exhibition totalled 1,242,928. The following is a list of annual festivals and cultural events that take place in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and the surrounding area: Festival plaza in Eau Claire. ... The Calgary International Film Festival (CIFF) is a film festival held annually in Calgary, Canada for ten days in late September and early October. ... International Avenue is a Business Revitalization Zone (BRZ) in Calgary, Alberta. ... The Summerstock Theatre Festival is an annual outdoor festival of the arts held in the Arts District in downtown Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Rider at the Stampede Rodeo The Calgary Stampede, which bills itself as The Greatest Outdoor show on Earth, is a large festival, exhibition, and rodeo held in Calgary, Alberta for ten days every July. ... First Nations is a term of ethnicity used in Canada. ...


Sports and recreation

Main article: Sport in Calgary

In large part due to its proximity to the Rocky Mountains, Calgary has traditionally been a popular destination for winter sports. Since hosting the 1988 Winter Olympics, the city has also been home to a number of major winter sporting facilities such as Canada Olympic Park (luge, cross-country skiing, ski jumping, downhill skiing, snowboarding, and some summer sports) and the Olympic Oval (speed skating and hockey). These facilities serve as the primary training venues for a number of competitive athletes. In the summer, the Bow River is very popular among fly-fishermen. Golfing is also an extremely popular activity for Calgarians and the region has a large number of courses. The city of Calgary, Alberta is home to a relatively deep-seeded tradition of winter sports. ... Image File history File links 1988_wolympics_logo. ... Rocky Mountains, White Goat Wilderness Area, Alberta, Canada The Canadian Rockies comprise the Canadian segment of the North American Rocky Mountains range. ... The 1988 Winter Olympics, officially known as the XV Olympic Winter Games, were held in Calgary, Alberta, Canada and opened by Governor General Jeanne Sauvé. The Olympics were highly successful financially as they brought in million-dollar profits. ... Canada Olympic Park (C.O.P.) is located in Calgary, Alberta. ... Image:Hackl. ... Cross-country skiing (also known as XC skiing) is a winter sport popular in many countries with large snowfields, primarily Northern Europe and Canada. ... Ski jumping is a winter sport in which skiers go down a hill with a take-off ramp (the jump), attempting to go as far as possible. ... The downhill is an alpine skiing discipline. ... This article or section seems not to be written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia entry. ... The Olympic Oval in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, is a covered speed skating oval built for the 1988 Winter Olympics. ... Speed skating or speedskating is a form of skating in which the competitors attempt to travel a certain distance as quickly as possible on skates. ... Ice hockey, known simply as hockey in areas where it is more common than field hockey, is a team sport played on ice. ... The Bow River is a river in the Canadian province of Alberta. ... Golfer after swing. ...


The city also has a large number of urban parks including Fish Creek Provincial Park, Nose Hill Park, Bowness Park, Edworthy Park, the Inglewood Bird Sanctuary, Confederation Park, and Prince's Island Park. Nose Hill Park is the largest municipal park in Canada. Connecting these parks and most of the city's neighbourhoods is one of the most extensive bike path systems in North America. Fish Creek Park is a provincial park located in the southern part of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Satellite photo of Nose Hill Nose Hill Park, is the largest municipal park in Canada, is located in the northwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. ... Bowness was a town in Alberta, Canada, which was annexed by the city of Calgary in 1964. ... Edworthy Park is located in the southwest section of Calgary along the south shore of the Bow River. ... Inglewood is a neighbourhood in central Calgary, Alberta, centered on 9th Avenue for several blocks east of the Elbow River. ...


Professional sports teams

Logo Club League Venue Established Championships
Calgary Flames logo Calgary Flames National Hockey League Pengrowth Saddledome 1972* 1
Calgary Stampeders logo Calgary Stampeders Canadian Football League McMahon Stadium 1948 5
Calgary Roughnecks Logo Calgary Roughnecks National Lacrosse League Pengrowth Saddledome 2001 1
Calgary Vipers Logo Calgary Vipers Northern League (Baseball) Foothills Stadium 2005 0

(*) Established as the Atlanta Flames. Became the Calgary Flames in 1980. Image File history File links Calgary_Flames. ... The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary, Alberta. ... The modernized NHL shield logo debuted in 2005, replacing the orange and black shield, which had been used since the leagues inception. ... The Saddledome and Calgary skyline The Pengrowth Saddledome is the main indoor arena facility in Calgary, and is situated on the east end of the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede grounds. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... This article is for the CFL football team. ... The Canadian Football League (CFL), also known by its French name, Ligue canadienne de football (LCF), is a professional league located entirely in Canada that plays Canadian football. ... McMahon Stadium is a Canadian football stadium located in Calgary, Alberta. ... Image File history File links Cgyrough. ... The Calgary Roughnecks are a member of the National Lacrosse League based in Calgary, Alberta. ... Old MILL logo The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is the professional league of mens indoor lacrosse in North America. ... The Saddledome and Calgary skyline The Pengrowth Saddledome is the main indoor arena facility in Calgary, and is situated on the east end of the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede grounds. ... 2005 logo of Calgary Vipers (baseball club) of Northern League. ... The Calgary Vipers are an independent minor league baseball team in the Northern League. ... The Northern League is an Independent minor league baseball league which operates in the Midwestern United States and the Canadian provinces of Manitoba and Alberta. ... A view of the playing field at Busch Stadium II St. ... Foothills Stadium, formerly Burns Stadium, is a stadium in Calgary, Alberta. ... The Atlanta Flames were a National Hockey League (NHL) team based in Atlanta, Georgia from 1972 to 1980. ... The Calgary Flames are a professional ice hockey team based in Calgary, Alberta. ...


Amateur and junior clubs

Logo Club League Venue Established Championships
Calgary Hitmen Logo Calgary Hitmen Western Hockey League Pengrowth Saddledome 1995 1
Calgary Canucks Logo Calgary Canucks Alberta Junior Hockey League Max Bell Centre 1971 9
Calgary Royals Logo Calgary Royals Alberta Junior Hockey League Father David Bauer Olympic Arena 1990 1
Calgary Oval X-treme Logo Calgary Oval X-Treme Western Women's Hockey League Olympic Oval 1995 4

Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Playoff game against the Lethbridge Hurricanes The Calgary Hitmen are a junior ice hockey team in the Eastern Conference (Central Division) of the Western Hockey League in Calgary, Alberta. ... The Western Hockey League is one of the three hockey Major Junior Tier I leagues which constitute the Canadian Hockey League. ... The Saddledome and Calgary skyline The Pengrowth Saddledome is the main indoor arena facility in Calgary, and is situated on the east end of the Calgary Exhibition and Stampede grounds. ... Image File history File links Calgary_Canucks. ... The Calgary Canucks are an ice hockey team in the Alberta Junior Hockey League. ... AJHL Emblem The AJHL (Alberta Junior Hockey League) is an Alberta-based Tier II Junior A hockey league that belongs to the Canadian Junior A Hockey League (CJAHL). ... The Max Bell Centre (often referred to as the Max Bell Arena) is an ice hockey arena in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. ... Image File history File links Calgary_Royals. ... The Calgary Jr. ... AJHL Emblem The AJHL (Alberta Junior Hockey League) is an Alberta-based Tier II Junior A hockey league that belongs to the Canadian Junior A Hockey League (CJAHL). ... Image File history File links CalgaryOvalXtreme. ... The Calgary Oval X-Treme are an ice hockey team in the Western Womens Hockey League. ... The Western Womens Hockey League (WWHL) is one of two womens hockey leagues in Canada. ... The Olympic Oval in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, is a covered speed skating oval built for the 1988 Winter Olympics. ...

Attractions

Calgary's skyline at night (from the south)
Calgary's skyline at night (from the south)

Calgary's downtown features an eclectic mix of restaurants and bars, cultural venues, shopping (most notably, TD Square, Calgary Eaton Centre, Stephen Avenue, and 17th Avenue), and public squares such as Olympic Plaza. Downtown tourist attractions include the Calgary Zoo, the TELUS World of Science, the TELUS Convention Centre, the Chinatown district, the Glenbow Museum, the Calgary Tower, the Art Gallery of Calgary (AGC), the EPCOR Centre for the Performing Arts, and Eau Claire Market. At 2.5 acres (10,000 m²), the Devonian Gardens is one of the largest urban indoor gardens in the world, and it is located on the 4th floor of TD Square (above the shopping). The downtown region is also home to Prince's Island Park, an urban park located just north of the Eau Claire district. Directly to the south of downtown is Midtown and the Beltline. This area is quickly becomin