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Canadian literature may be divided into two parts, based on their separate roots: one stems from the culture and literature from France; the other from Britain. Each is written in the language of their originating culture. However, collectively this literature has become distinctly Canadian.

Characteristics of Canadian literature

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Canada’s literature, whether written in English or French, chiefly reflects the Canadian perspective of: (1) nature, (2) frontier life, and (3) Canada’s position in the world. Canada's ethnic and cultural diversity are reflected in its literature, with many of its most prominent writers focusing on ethnic life. This article is the second in a series of The History of Literature. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... See also: 15th century in literature, other events of the 16th century, 17th century in literature, list of years in literature. ... See also: 16th century in literature, other events of the 17th century, 1700 in literature, list of years in literature. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... Structuralism is an approach in academic disciplines that explores the relationships between fundamental elements of some kind, upon which some higher mental, linguistic, social, cultural etc. ... This article or section needs a complete rewrite for the reasons listed on the talk page. ... Post-structuralism is a body of work that followed in the wake of structuralism, and sought to understand the Western world as a network of structures, as in structuralism, but in which such structures are ordered primarily by local, shifting differences (as in deconstruction) rather than grand binary oppositions and... Andy Warhols iconic Marilyn Monroe // Postmodernism is an idea that has been extremely controversial and difficult to define among scholars, intellectuals, and historians, as it connotes to many the hotly debated idea that the modern historical period has passed. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Hypertext fiction is a genre of electronic literature, characterized by the use of hypertext which provides a new context for non-linearity in literature and reader interaction. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... This page indexes the individual year in literature pages. ... Jorge Luis Borges Argentine literature is placed among the most important in Spanish language, with world-famous writers such as José Hernández, Jorge Luis Borges, Manuel Puig, Julio Cortázar and Ernesto Sábato. ... Mexican literature plays an important role in Mexican culture. ... This topic is considered to be an essential subject on Wikipedia. ... Australian literature in English began soon after the establishment of the country by Europeans. ... New Zealand claims as its own many writers, even those immigrants born overseas or those emigrants who have gone into exile. ... Pakistani literature, that is, the literature of Pakistan, as a distinct literature came into being when Pakistan gained its nationhooood as a sovereign state in 1947. ... The Kannada language belongs to the Dravidian family of languages and is the second oldest language currently spoken in India. ... Tamil literature is literature in the Tamil language which most prominently includes the contributions of the Tamil country (or Tamizhagam) history, a large part of which constitutes the modern state of Tamil Nadu and Kerala as well as some parts of Karnataka and Andra pradesh. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Urdu literature has a long and colorful history that is inextricably tied to the development of that very language, Urdu, in which it is written. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Indian English Literature. ... It has been suggested that History of Bengali literature be merged into this article or section. ... Literature in Marathi. ... Literature written in Malayalam language. ... Japanese literature spans a period of almost two millennia. ... Vietnamese literature is literature, both oral and written, created by Vietnamese-speaking people. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... South Africa has a diverse literary history. ... This article or section contains information that has not been verified and thus might not be reliable. ... This article is on science fiction literature. ... The history of ideas is a field of research in history and in related fields dealing with the expression, preservation, and change of human ideas over time. ... Intellectual history means either: the history of intellectuals, or: the history of the people who create, discuss, write about and in other ways propagate ideas. ...

• First, Canadian authors often emphasise the effect of climate and geography on people's lives.^{[citation needed]}

• Second, frontier life is is frequently mentioned in Canadian literature. Many authors evoke the westward march across Canada as a theme. Others document the drama in the lives of fishermen. The ever-present northern frontier is also a widely used theme, with the constant expansion in the Arctic. ^{[citation needed]}

• Third, many Canadian writers reflect upon Canada's position in the world. French Canadians often feel surrounded by their English-speaking neighbours; they determinedly preserve their own institutions and culture. Similarly, English Canadians frequently feel surrounded by the people and culture of the United States. Many novels and poems show how Canadian writers regard such problems. ^{[citation needed]}

The problem of Canadian literature

A recurrent problem is whether Canada has a substantial enough body of writing for it to be called a national literature. This has been debated since the mid-1800s and is still discussed in literary circles. ^{[citation needed]} Events and Trends Beginning of the Napoleonic Wars (1803 - 1815). ...

Canadian identity is closely tied to its literature. Leon Surette writes, "a disproportionate amount of commentary on Canadian writing has been cultural history (or prophecy) rather than truly literary commentary." ^{[citation needed]}

Because of its size and breadth, Canadian literature is often divided into sub-categories. Traditionally, there are at least three ways that critics and scholars have chosen to categorise Canadian literature:^{[citation needed]}

• The most common is to categorise it by region or province.
• Another way is to categorise it by author. For instance, the literature of Canadian women, Acadians, Aboriginal peoples in Canada, and Irish-Canadians have been anthologised as bodies of work.
• A third is to divide it by literary period, such as "Canadian postmoderns" or "Canadian Poets Between the Wars."

Canada consists of ten provinces and three territories. ... The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the original French settlers of parts of the northeastern region of North America comprising what is now the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, as well as small parts of Quebec and the American state of Maine. ... Aboriginal peoples in Canada are Indigenous Peoples recognized in the Canadian Constitution Act, 1982, sections 25 and 35, respectively, as Indians (First Nations), Métis, and Inuit. ...

Traits of Canadian literature

Traits common to works of Canadian literature include:^{[citation needed]}

• Failure as a theme: Failure and futility feature heavily as themes in many notable works; for instance, Not Wanted on the Voyage by Timothy Findley or Kamouraska by Anne Hebert.
• Humour: Serious subject matter is often laced with humour. See also: Canadian humour.
• Mild anti-Americanism: There is marked sentiment of anti-American often in the form of gentle satire. While it is sometimes perceived as malicious, it often presents a friendly rivalry between the two nations, with Canada being the underdog.
• Multiculturalism: Since World War Two, multiculturism has been an important theme. Writers using this theme include Mordecai Richler (known for novels such as The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz), Michael Ondaatje, writer of the famous book The English Patient and prolific Chinese Canadian writer Wayson Choy.
• Nature (and a "human vs. nature" tension): Reference to nature is common in Canada's literature. Nature is sometimes portrayed like an enemy, and sometimes like a divine force.
• Satire and irony: Satire is probably one of the main elements of Canadian literature.
• Self-deprecation: This is common in Canadian literature, and reflects Canadian culture.
• Self-evaluation by the reader

Canadian writer Robertson Davies, author of The Deptford Trilogy which included the famous book, Fifth Business.

• Search for Self-Identity: Some Canadian novels revolve heavily around the theme of the search for one's identity and the need to justify one's existence. A good example is Robertson Davies's Fifth Business, in which the main character Dunstan Ramsay searches for a new identity by leaving his old town of Deptford.
• Southern Ontario Gothic: A sub-genre which critiques the stereotypical Protestant mentality of Southern Ontario; many of Canada's most internationally famous authors write in this style.
• The underdog hero: The most common hero of Canadian literature, an ordinary person who must overcome challenges from a large corporation, a bank, a rich tycoon, a government, a natural disaster, and so on.
• Urban vs. rural: A variant of the underdog theme which involves a conflict between urban culture and rural culture, usually portraying the rural characters as morally superior. Often, as in Stephen Leacock's Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town or Alistair MacLeod's No Great Mischief, the simplicity of rural living is lost in the city.

Not Wanted on the Voyage is a novel by Canadian author Timothy Findley, which presents a humourous reinterpretation of the Great Flood in the biblical book of Genesis. ... Timothy Irving Frederick Findley, OC , O. Ont. ... Categories: Stub ... Categories: Stub | 1916 births | 2000 deaths | Canadian writers | Quebec authors ... Canadian humour is an integral part of the Canadian Identity. ... Flag burning is widely used internationally as a symbolic form of protest against the U.S. Anti-Americanism, often Anti-American sentiment, is opposition or hostility toward the government, culture, or people of the United States. ... Multiculturalism is an ideology advocating that society should consist of, or at least allow and include, distinct cultural groups, with equal status. ... Philip Michael Ondaatje, OC (born 12 September 1943) is a Canadian/Sri Lankan novelist and poet perhaps best known for his Booker Prize winning novel adapted into an Academy-Award-winning film, The English Patient. ... This article is on the book. ... A Chinese Canadian is a person of Chinese descent or origin who was born in or immigrated to Canada. ... Wayson Choy (蔡韋森 Pinyin: Cài Wéisēn ; Jyutping: Coi3 Wai5-sam1) (born April 20, 1939) is a Vancouver-born Canadian writer of Chinese ancestry who spent his childhood in the Chinatown, Downtown. ... Image File history File links Davies. ... Image File history File links Davies. ... William Robertson Davies, CC, FRSC, FRSL (born August 28, 1913 at Thamesville, Ontario, and died December 2, 1995 at Orangeville, Ontario) was a Canadian novelist, playwright, critic, journalist, and professor. ... The Deptford Trilogy is the name given to three related novels by Canadian novelist, playwright, critic, journalist, and professor Robertson Davies. ... Book cover Fifth Business is perhaps Robertson Davies best-known novel, and is widely considered his finest. ... William Robertson Davies, CC, FRSC, FRSL (born August 28, 1913 at Thamesville, Ontario, and died December 2, 1995 at Orangeville, Ontario) was a Canadian novelist, playwright, critic, journalist, and professor. ... Book cover Fifth Business is perhaps Robertson Davies best-known novel, and is widely considered his finest. ... Deptford is an area of the London Borough of Lewisham, on the south bank of the River Thames in south-east London. ... Southern Ontario Gothic is a sub-genre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario. ... Protestantism is a general grouping of denominations within Christianity. ... Southern Ontario is the portion of the Canadian province of Ontario which lies south of the French River and Algonquin Park. ... A corporation is a legal person which, while being composed of natural persons, exists completely separately from them. ... The First Provincial Bank of Taiwan in Taipei, Republic of China was formerly the central bank of the Republic of China and issued the New Taiwan dollar. ... A natural disaster is the consequence of the combination of a natural hazard (a physical event e. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town is a sequence of stories by Stephen Leacock, first published in 1912. ... Cover of Island (2001). ... No Great Mischief is a 1999 novel by Alistair MacLeod. ...

French-Canadian literature

French-Canadian literature evolved separately from English literature on a different path. It was not appended to its parent culture, unlike its English counterpart; rather, the struggle of French Canada sought its own style and identity. ^{[citation needed]} From the early settlements until the 1820s, Quebec had virtually no literature. Though a few historians, journalists, and learned priests published, overall the total output was small. French Canadian or Canadiens historically refers to inhabitants of Canada who can trace their ancestry to the original French settlers of what is now the Province of Quebec. ...

It was the rise of Quebec patriotism and the 1837 Lower Canada Rebellion, in addition to a modern system of primary school education, which led to the rise of French-Canadian fiction. L'influence d'un livre by Philippe-Ignace-Francois Aubert de Gaspé is widely regarded as the first French-Canadian novel. The genres which first became popular were the rural novel and the historical novel. French authors were influential, especially authors like Balzac. | Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1837 - 1901) 1837 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Flag used by the Patriotes between 1832 and 1838 The Lower Canada Rebellion is the name given to the armed conflict between the rebels of Lower Canada (now Quebec) and the British colonial power of that province. ... Linfluence dun livre (1837) is a novel by the Canadian writer Phillipe-Ignace François Aubert du Gaspé. It is considered to be the first French Canadian novel, and although the book was not well received initially, it has come to be recognized as a major landmark in... Philippe-Ignace-Francois Aubert de Gaspé, or simply Philippe Aubert de Gaspé (1814–7 March 1841) was a Canadian writer and is credited with writing the first French Canadian novel. ... Honoré de Balzac Honoré de Balzac (May 20, 1799 - August 18, 1850), was a French novelist. ...

In 1866, Father Henri-Raymond Casgrain became one of Quebec's first literary theorists. He argued that literature's goal should be to project an image of proper Catholic morality. Québécois authors adopted this view and wrote works which were considered bland. ^{[citation needed]} However, a few authors like Louis-Honoré Fréchette and Arthur Buies broke the conventions to write more interesting works. 1866 (MDCCCLXVI) is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Henri-Raymond Casgrain Henri-Raymond Casgrain (16 December 1831 – 11 February 1904) was a French Canadian Roman Catholic priest, author, publisher, and historian. ... Louis-Honoré Fréchette Louis-Honoré Fréchette, (November 16, 1839 – May 31, 1908), poet, playwright, and short story writer born in Lévis, Québec, Canada. ...

This pattern continued until the 1930s with a new group of authors educated at the Université Laval and the Université de Montréal. Novels with psychological and sociological foundations became the norm. Authors such as Gabrielle Roy and Anne Hébert, for the first time, began to earn international acclaim. During this period, Quebec theatre, which had previously been melodramas and comedies, became far more involved. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Université Laval (Laval University) is the oldest centre of education in Canada, and was the first institution in North America to offer higher education in French. ... The Université de Montréal (UdeM) (translated into English commonly as (the) University of Montreal) is one of six universities in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. ... Gabrielle Roy (March 22, 1909 - July 13, 1983) was a Canadian author. ... Anne Hebert Anne Hébert (August 1, 1916 - January 22, 2000) was a Canadian author and poet. ...

The Canadian $5 banknote, featuring an excerpt from The Hockey Sweater.

French-Canadian literature began to greatly expand with the turmoil of the Second World War, the beginnings of industrialization in the 1950s, and most especially the Quiet Revolution in the 1960s. French-Canadian literature also began to attract a great deal of attention globally, with Acadian novelist Antonine Maillet winning the Prix Goncourt. An experimental branch of Quebecois literature also developed; for instance the poet Nicole Brossard wrote in a formalist style. In 1979, Roch Carrier wrote the story The Hockey Sweater, which highlighted the cultural and social tensions between English and French speaking Canada. Canadian $5, back Source: Bank of Canada File links The following pages link to this file: Canadian five-dollar bill Categories: Free use images ... Canadian $5, back Source: Bank of Canada File links The following pages link to this file: Canadian five-dollar bill Categories: Free use images ... Canadian $5, front Canadian $5, back The Canadian five-dollar bill is one of the most common banknotes of Canadian currency. ... Book cover The Hockey Sweater (Le chandail de hockey in the original French) is a short story published in 1979 by Quebec author Roch Carrier. ... Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... The 1950s was the decade spanning the years 1950 to 1959. ... Jean Lesage, Daniel Johnson Sr. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from 1960 to 1969, inclusive. ... The Acadians (French: Acadiens) are the descendants of the original French settlers of parts of the northeastern region of North America comprising what is now the Canadian provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, as well as small parts of Quebec and the American state of Maine. ... Antonine Maillet in 1984 The Honourable Antonine Maillet, PC, CC, OQ, ONB, LL.D, FRSC, (born May 10, 1929) is a Canadian Acadian novelist, playwright, and scholar. ... The Prix Goncourt is the most prestigious prize in French language literature, given to the author of the best imaginary prose work of the year. Edmond de Goncourt, a successful author, critic, and publisher, bequeathed his entire estate for the foundation and maintenance of the Académie Goncourt. ... Nicole Brossard (born November 27, 1943 in Montreal) is a leading French Canadian formalist poet and novelist. ... This page refers to the year 1979. ... Roch Carrier (born May 13, 1937) is a celebrated French-Canadian novelist and author of contes (a very brief form of the short story). ... Book cover The Hockey Sweater (Le chandail de hockey in the original French) is a short story published in 1979 by Quebec author Roch Carrier. ... English Canada is a term used to describe either: the English-speaking residents of Canada or the Canadian provinces which are majority anglophone, i. ...

See also: List of Quebec writers, Literature of Quebec, List of French Canadian writers from outside Quebec This is a list of authors from the Canadian province of Quebec. ... This is an article about Literature in Quebec, a province of Canada. ... Although most Canadian francophone writers are from Quebec, there are also a number of francophone writers from elsewhere in Canada. ...

Contemporary Canadian literature: late 20th to 21st century

In the 1980s, Canadian literature began to be noticed around the world. ^{[citation needed]} By the 1990s, Canadian literature was viewed as some of the world's best, and Canadian authors began to accumulate international awards. ^[1] In 1992, Michael Ondaatje became the first Canadian to win the Booker Prize for The English Patient. Atwood won the Booker in 2000 for The Blind Assassin and Yann Martel won it in 2002 for The Life of Pi. Alistair Macleod won the 2001 IMPAC Award for No Great Mischief. Carol Shields's The Stone Diaries won the 1995 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and in 1998 her novel Larry's Party won the Orange Prize. Mordecai Richler's novel Barney's Version won the 1997 Giller Prize. Douglas Coupland has also achieved significant success for his work, particularly Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ... Philip Michael Ondaatje, OC (born 12 September 1943) is a Canadian/Sri Lankan novelist and poet perhaps best known for his Booker Prize winning novel adapted into an Academy-Award-winning film, The English Patient. ... The Man Booker Prize for Fiction, also known as the Man Booker Prize, or simply the Man Booker, is one of the worlds most important literary prizes, and awarded each year for the best original novel written by a citizen of the Commonwealth or the Republic of Ireland in... This article is about the year 2000. ... Yann Martel Yann Martel (born June 25, 1963) is a Canadian author. ... For album titles with the same name, see 2002 (album). ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award is the largest and most international prize of its kind. ... Carol Shields, CC , OM , D.Litt. ... 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction has been awarded since 1948 for distinguished fiction by an American author, preferably dealing with American life. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... The Orange Prize for Fiction is one of the United Kingdoms most prestigious literary prizes, awarded annually for the best original full-length novel by a female author of any nationality, written in English and published in the UK in the preceding year. ... Douglas Coupland (born December 30, 1961) is a major Canadian fiction writer as well as a playwright and visual artist. ... Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture, published in 1991, is the first novel by Douglas Coupland. ...

Today Canadians still read much by foreign authors, but many Canadian books have been runaway best sellers.

Notable figures

Main Articles: List of Canadian writers

Margaret Atwood, one of Canada's most prolific and eminent writers.

. This is a list of Canadian literary figures, including poets, novelists, childrens writers, essayists, and scholars. ... Image File history File links Atwood. ... Image File history File links Atwood. ...

Because Canada only officially became a country on July 1, 1867, it has been argued that literature written before this time was colonial. For example, Susanna Moodie and Catherine Parr Traill, English sisters who adopted the country as their own, moved to Canada in 1832. They recorded their experiences as pioneers in Parr Traill's The Backwoods of Canada (1836) and Canadian Crusoes (1852), and Moodie's Roughing It in the Bush (1852) and Life in the Clearings (1853). However, both women wrote until their deaths, placing them in the country for more than 50 years and certainly well past Confederation. Moreover, their books often dealt with survival and the rugged Canadian environment; these themes re-appear in other Canadian works, including Margaret Atwood's Survival. Moodie and Parr Traill's sister, Agnes Strickland, remained in England and wrote elegant royal biographies, creating a stark contrast between Canadian and English literatures. July 1 is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 183 days remaining. ... 1867 (MDCCCLXVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Susanna Moodie (born Susanna Strickland) (December 6, 1803 – April 8, 1885) was a British author who wrote about her experiences as a settler in Canada. ... Catharine Parr Traill (née Strickland) (January 9, 1802 - August 29, 1899) was a British author who wrote about life as a settler in Canada. ... Margaret Atwood Margaret Eleanor Atwood, OC (born November 18, 1939) is a Canadian writer. ... Agnes Strickland (1796/1806 - 1874) was an English historical writer. ...

However, one of the earliest "Canadian" writers virtually always included in Canadian literary anthologies is Thomas Chandler Haliburton (1796–1865), who died just two years before Canada's official birth. He is remembered for his comic character, Sam Slick, who appeared in The Clockmaker and other humorous works throughout Haliburton's life. Thomas Chandler Haliburton Thomas Chandler Haliburton (December 17, 1796 - August 27, 1865) was one of the first major Canadian authors. ... 1796 was a leap year starting on Friday. ... 1865 (MDCCCLXV) is a common year starting on Sunday. ...

Arguably, the best-internationally-known living Canadian writer (especially after the recent passing of Canadian greats, Robertson Davies and Timothy Findley) is Margaret Atwood, a prolific novelist, poet, and literary critic. This group, along with Alice Munro, who has been called the best living writer of short stories in English,^[2] were the first to elevate Canadian Literature to the world stage. During the post-war decades only a handful of books of any literary merit were published each year in Canada, and Canadian literature was viewed as an appendage to British and American writing. Much of what was produced dealt with extremely typical Canadiana such as the outdoors and animals, or events in Canadian history. A reaction against this tradition, poet Leonard Cohen's novel Beautiful Losers (1966), was labeled by one reviewer "the most revolting book ever written in Canada".^[3] Most of what Canadians read was written in the United States or Great Britain. Most of what was studied in Canadian schools and universities was also foreign. William Robertson Davies, CC, FRSC, FRSL (born August 28, 1913 at Thamesville, Ontario, and died December 2, 1995 at Orangeville, Ontario) was a Canadian novelist, playwright, critic, journalist, and professor. ... Timothy Irving Frederick Findley, OC , O. Ont. ... Margaret Atwood Margaret Eleanor Atwood, OC (born November 18, 1939) is a Canadian writer. ... Literary criticism is the study, discussion, evaluation, and interpretation of literature. ... Alice Ann Munro, née Laidlaw (born 10 July 1931) is an award-winning Canadian short story writer who is widely considered an important writer in that form. ... Leonard Norman Cohen, CC (born September 21, 1934 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian poet, novelist, and singer-songwriter. ... Beautiful Losers is a novel by Leonard Cohen. ...

Awards

The 1996 film adaptation of Michael Ondaatje's book The English Patient.

There are a number of notable Canadian awards for literature: Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x1057, 184 KB)Film Review, http://images. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (800x1057, 184 KB)Film Review, http://images. ... 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty. ... Philip Michael Ondaatje, OC (born 12 September 1943) is a Canadian/Sri Lankan novelist and poet perhaps best known for his Booker Prize winning novel adapted into an Academy-Award-winning film, The English Patient. ... This article is on the book. ...

• Books in Canada First Novel Award for the best first novel of the year
• CBC Literary Awards
• Canada Council Molson Prize for distinguished contributions to Canada's cultural and intellectual heritage
• Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Awards for best Canadian play staged by a Canadian theatre company
• Marian Engel Award for female writers in mid-career
• Matt Cohen Prize to honour a Canadian writer for a lifetime of distinguished achievement
• Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing
• Gerald Lampert Award for the best new poet
• Giller Prize for the best Canadian novel or book of short stories in English
• Governor General's Awards for the best Canadian fiction, poetry, non-fiction, drama, children's literature (text), children's literature (illustration) and translation, in both English and French
• Griffin Poetry Prize for the best book of poetry, one award each for a Canadian poet and an international poet
• Milton Acorn Poetry Awards for an outstanding "people's poet"
• Pat Lowther Award for women's poetry
• Prix Aurora Awards for Canadian science fiction and fantasy, in English and French
• Prix Athanase-David for a Quebec writer
• Prix Gilles-Corbeil for a Quebec writer in honour of his or her lifetime body of work (presented every three years)
• Prix Trillium for the best work by a franco-ontarian writer
• Rogers Writers' Trust Fiction Prize for the best work of fiction
• Stephen Leacock Award For Humour
• Timothy Findley Award for male writers in mid-career
• Trillium Book Award for the best work by an Ontario writer
• W.O. Mitchell Literary Prize for a writer who has made a distinguished lifetime contribution both to Canadian literature and to mentoring new writers
• Room of One's Own Annual Award for poetry and literature
• 3-Day Novel Contest annual literary marathon, born in Canada
• Danuta Gleed Literary Award for a first collection of short fiction by a Canadian author writing in English
• Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize for the best novel or collection of short stories by a resident of British Columbia
• Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize for the best collection of poetry by a resident of British Columbia

Awards For Children and Young Adult Literature: The Books in Canada First Novel Award has a tumultuous history. ... The Molson Prize for the Arts is awarded by The Canada Council for the Arts. ... The Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Awards were a Canadian literary award, given to Canadian plays produced by any professional Canadian theatre company, and having at least ten performances in the Toronto area. ... The Marian Engel Award is presented each year by the Writers Trust of Canada in memory of the Canadian writer Marian Engel. ... The Matt Cohen Prize is an award given annually by the Writers Trust of Canada to a Canadian writer, in honour of a distinguished lifetime contribution to Canadian literature. ... The Shaughnessy Cohen Award for Political Writing is a Canadian literary award, presented annually by the Writers Trust of Canada to the best non-fiction book on Canadian political and social issues. ... The Gerald Lampert Memorial Award is an annual award presented by the League of Canadian Poets. ... The Giller Prize is an annual award that goes to the author of the best Canadian novel or short story fiction collection published in English. ... Since their creation in 1937, the Governor Generals Literary Awards have become one of Canadas most prestigious prizes, awarded in both French and English in seven categories: Fiction, Non-fiction, Poetry, Drama, Childrens Literature-Text, Childrens Literature-Illustration, and Translation. ... The Griffin Poetry Prize is Canadas youngest and most lucrative poetry award. ... The Pat Lowther Memorial Award is an annual award presented by the League of Canadian Poets. ... The Aurora Awards (Prix Aurora) are given out annually for the best Canadian science-fiction and fantasy literary works from that year, and are awarded in both English and French. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... haha For other meanings see Fantasy (disambiguation) Fantasy is a genre of art that uses magic and other supernatural forms as a primary element of plot, theme, or setting. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... The Prix Athanase-David is a literary award presented annually by the government of Quebec to a Quebec writer, to honour the body of his or her work. ... The Trillium Award is given annually by the government of the Province of Ontario and is open to books in any genre: fiction, non-fiction, drama, childrens books, and poetry. ... Franco-Ontarians (French: Franco-ontarien) are French Canadian or francophone residents of the Canadian province of Ontario. ... The Rogers Writers Trust Fiction Prize is a Canadian literary prize presented annually by Rogers Communications and the Writers Trust of Canada. ... The Stephen Leacock Memorial Medal for Humour (usually the Stephen Leacock Medal for Humour or just the Stephen Leacock Award) is an annual award presented to the best work of humorous literature written in English by a Canadian. ... The Timothy Findley Award is presented each year by the Writers Trust of Canada in memory of the Canadian writer Timothy Findley. ... The Trillium Award is given annually by the government of the Province of Ontario and is open to books in any genre: fiction, non-fiction, drama, childrens books, and poetry. ... The W.O. Mitchell Literary Prize is a Canadian literary award, presented annually by the Writers Trust of Canada to a writer who has produced an outstanding body of work, has acted during his/her career as a caring mentor for writers, and has published a work of fiction or... Room of Ones Own is a Canadian literary journal founded to showcase the work of established and emerging Canadian women writers. ... The Three-Day Novel Contest is an annual Canadian literary contest conducted in September of each year. ... The Danuta Gleed Literary Award recognizes a first collection of short fiction by a Canadian author writing in English. ... The Ethel Wilson Fiction Prize, established in 1985 as one of the BC Book Prizes, is awarded annually to the best work of fiction by a resident of British Columbia, Canada. ... Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Official languages English de facto (none stated in law) Flower Pacific dogwood Tree Western Redcedar Bird Stellers Jay Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Parliamentary representation  - House seat  - Senate seats 36 6 Area... The Dorothy Livesay Poetry Prize, established in 1986, is awarded annually to the best collection of poetry by a resident of British Columbia, Canada. ...

• R.Ross Annett Award for Children's Literature
• Geoffrey Bilson Award for Historical Fiction
• Ann Connor Brimer Award
• Governor-General's Awards for Children's Literature
• Canadian Library Association Book of the Year Award for Children
• CLA Young Adult Canadian Book Award
• Sheila A. Egoff Children's Literature Prize
• Elizabeth Mrazik-Cleaver Canadian Picture Book Award
• Floyd S. Chalmers Award for Theatre for Young Adults
• Amelia Frances Howard-Gibbon Illustrator's Award
• Information Book of the Year
• I0DE Book Award
• Manitoba Young Reader's Choice Award
• Max and Greta Ebel Memorial Award for Children's Writing
• Norma Fleck Award for children's non-fiction
• Ruth Schwartz Children's Book Award
• Vicky Metcalf Award

The Geoffrey Bilson Award for Historical Fiction for Young Readers is a Canadian literary award that goes to the best work of historical fiction written for youth each year. ... Since their creation in 1937, the Governor Generals Literary Awards have become one of Canadas most prestigious prizes, awarded in both French and English in seven categories: Fiction, Non-fiction, Poetry, Drama, Childrens Literature-Text, Childrens Literature-Illustration, and Translation. ... The Floyd S. Chalmers Canadian Play Awards were a Canadian literary award, given to Canadian plays produced by any professional Canadian theatre company, and having at least ten performances in the Toronto area. ... The Norma Fleck Award for Canadian Children’s Non-Fiction is a lucrative literary award for childrens non-fiction. ... The Vicky Metcalf Award is awarded to a writer whose body of work has been inspirational to Canadian youth. ...

See also

• Word Cave : Canada's First Magazine for Canadians http://www.wordcave.com
• Canadian children's literature
• Canadian literary criticism
• Canadian novels
• Canadian poetry
• List of Canadian writers
• List of Canadian short story writers
• Warren Tallman (established Canadian literature studies at UBC and helped found UBC creative writing department)
• The Canadian Centenary Series
• Canadian Literature: A Quartery of Criticism and Review
• Canada Reads
• Canadian authors and publishers at Substance Books http://www.substancebooks.com/canadian-authors.html

Canadian poetry is poetry written in Canada, by Canadians. ... This is a list of Canadian literary figures, including poets, novelists, childrens writers, essayists, and scholars. ... This is a list of Canadian short-story writers. ... Warren Tallman (born Seattle, Washington, 17 November 1921 - 1 July 1994) was an American-born poetry professor who inspired the Canadian Tish movement and influenced the mid-20th century poetry scene in Canada. ... The Canadian Centenary Series is a nineteen volume authoritative history of Canada published between 1963 and 1986 as an extended Centennial project. ... Canada Reads is an annual battle of the books competition organized and broadcast by Canadas public broadcaster, the CBC. Overview During Canada Reads, five personalities champion five different books, each champion extolling the merits of one of the titles over a series of five programs. ...

References

1. ^ | Robert Fulford's column about the international success of Canadian literature
2. ^ "For a long time Alice Munro has been compared with Chekhov; John Updike would add Tolstoy, and AS Byatt would say Guy de Maupassant and Flaubert. Munro is often called the best living writer of short stories in English; the words "short story" are frequently dropped." Riches of a Double Life, Ada Edemariam, Guardian Online, retrieved 11 October 2006.
3. ^ Who held a gun to Leonard Cohen's head? Tim de Lisle, Guardian Online, retrieved 11October 2006.